INFORMATION NOTE ON THE COMMUNITY PROGRAMMES, JEAN MONNET SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMME AND EU FP7 MARIE- CURIE ACTIONS Table of Contents COMMUNITY PROGRAMMES... 2 Youth-in-Action Programme... 2 Lifelong Learning Programme... 3 COMENIUS... 3 ERASMUS PROGRAMME... 4 LEONARDO DA VINCI PROGRAMME... 8 GRUNDTVIG PROGRAMME... 9 TRANSVERSAL PROGRAMME... 11 JEAN MONNET PROGRAMME... 11 Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme... 12 EU FP7 Marie Curie Actions and Turkey s Achievement... 13 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 1
COMMUNITY PROGRAMMES Turkey is eligible for the Community Programmes since 1 April 2004. These programmes, namely Lifelong Learning Programme and Youth-in-Action programmes, are managed by the Turkish National Agency (The Centre for EU Education and Youth Programmes) which was established in 2003. It is affiliated to the State Planning Organisation. The Turkish National Agency, like the other national agencies, undertakes the following tasks: familiarizing, coordinating, and conducting the nation- wide EU Education and Youth Programmes, Evaluating projects that are selected to be funded, Arranging and making the pre-assessment of the project applications that are selected by the EU Commission, Carrying out the programmes and establishing cooperation among member countries and the EU Commission. Participation of Turkey to the Community Programmes (2004-2009) The number of individuals going from Turkey to EU Countries: 142.000 35,839 in 2009 The number of individuals coming to Turkey from EU Countries 100.000 The total number of applications: 25.000 The total number of accepted applications 8.300 Total Grant Amount allocated: 300 M * Please note that above figures are approximate figures. Youth-in-Action Programme Youth in Action is the Programme the European Union has set up for young people. It aims to inspire a sense of active European citizenship, solidarity and tolerance among young Europeans and to involve them in shaping the Union's future. It promotes mobility within and beyond the EU's borders, non-formal learning and intercultural dialogue, and encourages the inclusion of all young people, regardless of their educational, social and cultural background: Youth in Action is a Programme for all. Table 1 - FIGURES FOR YOUTH PROGRAMME (2004-2006) for TURKEY 2004 2005 2006 TOTAL Beneficiaries 2.979 5.186 8.139 16.304 Grant Amount (Million ) 2,2 3,03 4,8 10 Number of applications 297 917 1.203 2.417 Accepted Applications 191 345 623 1.159 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 2
Table 2 - FIGURES FOR YOUTH IN ACTION PROGRAMME (2007-2009) for TURKEY 2007 2008 2009 TOTAL Beneficiaries 8.478 9.360 10.031 27.869 Grant Amount (Million ) 5,8 6,7 7,6 20 Number of applications 1.085 1.355 1664 4.104 Accepted Applications 395 435 422 1.252 Lifelong Learning Programme Lifelong Learning Programme enables people at all stages of their lives to take part in stimulating learning experiences, as well as helping to develop the education and training sector across Europe. With a budget of nearly 7 billion for 2007 to 2013, the programme funds a range of actions including exchanges, study visits and networking activities. Projects are intended not only for individual students and learners, but also for teachers, trainers and all others involved in education and training. There are four sub-programmes which fund projects at different levels of education and training: 1. COMENIUS for schools 2. ERASMUS for higher education 3. LEONARDO DA VINCI for vocational education and training 4. GRUNDTVIG for adult education COMENIUS The Comenius actions aim to help young people and educational staff better understand the range of European cultures, languages and values. They also help young people acquire the basic life skills and competences necessary for personal development, future employment and active citizenship. The programme addresses issues strongly related to current discussions and developments in school policy: motivation for learning and learning-to-learn skills, key competences, digital educational content and inclusive education. Table 1-Number of Mobility of Individuals by Years (from Turkey to EU Countries) Number of Mobility by Years Year Outgoing 2004 933 2005 2102 2006 2857 2007 5339 2008 8042 2009 8000 TOTAL 27,273 * estimated figures. Exact numbers will be available by the end of 2010. The sharp increase in the mobility number for 2008 and 2009 is due to the change in the rules (change to lump sum fee). File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 3
Table 2 Number of Beneficiary Institutions (Schools) in Turkey by years Number of Beneficiaries by Year Year Outgoing 2004 101 2005 360 2006 467 2007 525 2008 426 2009 416 TOTAL 2295 In the Comenius programme, top 5 countries preferred by beneficiary institutions are as follows: 1. Italy 2. Poland 3. Spain 4. Romania 5. Britain ERASMUS PROGRAMME Erasmus is the EU's flagship education and training programme, enabling more than 180,000 students to study and work abroad each year, as well as supporting co-operation actions between higher education institutions across Europe. It caters not only for students, but also for professors and business staff who want to teach abroad and for university staff who want to be trained abroad. Under Erasmus Programme, there are two sub-programmes: Student Mobility and Staff Mobility. Student Mobility consists of two sub-programmes: - SMS Student Mobility for Studies and - SMP Student Mobility for Placements (traineeships). Staff Mobility consists of two sub-programmes: - STA - Staff Mobility for Teaching Assignments Abroad and - STT - Staff Mobility for Training Abroad. Below tables provide the number of outgoing persons from Turkey and incoming persons to Turkey, under the Erasmus Programme. Table 1 Student Mobility and Staff Mobility Combined (No.of Persons) Outgoing Incoming 2004 1,481 452 2005 3,437 1,268 2006 5,819 1,987 2007 8,925 2,919 2008 9,247 3,832 2009 9,548 2,661 TOTAL 38,457 13,119 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 4
Table 2 SMS - Student Mobility for Studies) SMP - Students doing traineeship abroad TOTAL Outgoing Incoming Outgoing Incoming Outgoing Incoming 2004 1,142 229 2004-05 N/A N/A 1,142 229 2005 2,852 828 2005-06 N/A N/A 2,852 828 2006 4,438 1,321 2006-07 N/A N/A 4,438 1,321 2007 6,274 1,799 2007-08 845 183 7,119 1,982 2008 6,919 2,385 2008-09 940 310 7,859 2,695 TOTAL 21,625 6,562 TOTAL 1,785 493 23,410 7,055 Table 3 Staff Mobility STA For Teaching Assignment abroad Staff Mobility STT For Staff Training abroad TOTAL Outgoing Incoming Outgoing Incoming Outgoing Incoming 2004 339 223 2004-05 N/A N/A 339 223 2005 581 440 2005-06 N/A N/A 581 440 2006 1,378 666 2006-07 N/A N/A 1,378 666 2007 1,693 850 2007-08 383 87 2,076 937 2008 1,052 985 2008-09 541 152 1,593 1,137 TOTAL 5,043 3164 TOTAL 924 239 5,967 2,074 For 2007-08, Germany was the biggest student sender followed by France and Spain. All the countries, except Malta and Norway, experienced growth in outgoing student mobility. The annual growth rate was highest in Luxembourg followed by Turkey. Top 5 Destinations of Turkish Erasmus Students since 2004 5000 4665 4500 4000 3500 No. of Students 3000 2500 2000 1500 2620 2007 1776 1469 1000 500 0 Germany Poland Italy Netherlands France File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 5
The table below indicates that in 2010, out of 159 Turkish higher education institutions (HEI) 129 hold an Erasmus University Charter (EUC), which means that they are eligible for Erasmus Programme. Table 6. This table indicates the most active Turkish universities which send its students abroad under the SMS programme. # University No. of students outgoing under SMS 2008-09 Academic Year 1 Ege University (Izmir) 398 2 Istanbul Teknik University 377 3 Sakarya University 334 4 Anadolu University (Eskisehir) 307 5 Selçuk University (Konya) 302 6 Middle East Technical University (Ankara) 293 7 Yıldız Technical University (Istanbul) 292 8 Hacettepe University (Ankara) 278 9 Uludağ University (Bursa) 274 10 Ankara University 242 11 Çukurova University (Adana) 225 12 Marmara University (Istanbul) 210 13 Boğaziçi University (Istanbul) 175 14 Süleyman Demirel University (Isparta) 162 15 İstanbul University 136 16 Bilkent University (Ankara) 123 17 Yeditepe University (Istanbul) 118 18 Kocaeli University 115 19 Istanbul Bilgi University 108 20 Blacksea Technical University (Trabzon) 105 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 6
Table 7 This table indicates the most active Turkish universities which send its students abroad under the SMP Programme # University No. of students outgoing under SMP 2008-09 Academic Year 1 Ankara University 106 2 Anadolu University (Eskisehir) 105 3 Çukurova University (Adana) 70 4 Gazi University (Ankara) 65 5 Kocaeli University 50 6 Middle East Technical University (Ankara) 48 7 Ege University (Izmir) 44 8 Akdeniz University (Antalya) 36 9 Hacettepe University (Ankara) 32 TOBB Economy and Technology University 10 (Ankara) 26 11 Balıkesir University 20 12 Fırat University (Elazig) 19 13 Sakarya University 19 14 Boğaziçi University (Ankara) 17 15 Fatih University (Istanbul) 16 16 Muğla University 15 17 Ondokuz Mayıs University (Samsun) 15 18 Sabancı University (Istanbul) 13 19 Selçuk University (Konya) 13 20 Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University 12 Table 8. This combined table indicates the most active Turkish universities which send its students abroad under the SMS and SMP Programme # University TOTAL No. of Students outgoing under SMS + SMP 2008-09 Academic Year 1 Ege University (Izmir) 442 2 Anadolu University (Eskisehir) 412 3 Istanbul Technical University 377 4 Sakarya University 353 5 Ankara University 348 6 Middle East Technical University (Ankara) 341 7 Selçuk University (Konya) 315 8 Hacettepe University (Ankara) 310 9 Çukurova University (Adana) 295 10 Yıldız Technical University (Istanbul) 292 11 Uludağ University (Bursa) 274 12 Marmara University (Istanbul) 216 13 Boğaziçi University (Istanbul) 192 14 Süleyman Demirel University (Isparta) 171 15 Kocaeli University 165 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 7
# University TOTAL No. of Students outgoing under SMS + SMP 2008-09 Academic Year 16 İstanbul University 136 17 Akdeniz University (Antalya) 129 18 Bilkent University (Ankara) 129 19 Yeditepe University (Istanbul) 125 20 Gazi University (Ankara) 120 LEONARDO DA VINCI PROGRAMME This programme funds many different types of activities of varying scales. These include mobility initiatives enabling people to train in another country, co-operation projects to transfer or develop innovative practices, and networks focusing on topical themes in the sector. The people able to benefit from the programme range from trainees in initial vocational training, to people who have already graduated, as well as VET professionals and anyone from organisations active in this field. Leonardo da Vinci enables organisations in the vocational education sector to work with partners from across Europe, exchange best practices, and increase their staff s expertise. It should make vocational education more attractive to young people and, by helping people to gain new skills, knowledge and qualifications, the programme also boosts the overall competitiveness of the European labour market. Table 1 This table indicates a summary of placements between the years of 2004 2009. Placements between 2004-2009 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 TOTAL Number of Outgoing Participants 1,801 3,446 4,092 4,971 5,753 7,009 27,072 Number of Beneficiary Institutions 217 361 425 436 265 223 1,927 in Turkey Number of Incoming Participants 2 295 720 873 948 589 3,432 Table 2 This table indicates the number of beneficiaries and their distributions. Please note the number of beneficiary institutions in the below table does not correspond with the total number of beneficiary institutions in the above table, due to the some problems in the data base of the Turkish National Agency. National Agency says the numbers in the above table should be used. Distribution of Beneficiaries by type of organisation 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Grand TOTAL Schools 86 218 260 272 161 997 Universities 84 86 95 45 21 331 NGOs 14 10 16 43 36 119 Municipalities 0 3 7 8 9 27 Public Institutions 10 17 38 53 43 161 Private Institutions 20 13 20 36 11 100 Others 0 0 9 0 0 9 TOTAL 214 347 445 457 281 1,744 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 8
Top 5 Destinations of Turkish Leonardo Da Vinci Students since 2004 12 11.001 10 No. of Students 8 6 4 2 2.141 1.547 1.305 1.255 0 Germany Spain Italy Netherlands Austria GRUNDTVIG PROGRAMME Grundtvig aims to provide adults with ways to improve their knowledge and skills, keeping them mentally fit and potentially more employable. It not only covers learners in adult education, but also the teachers, trainers, education staff and facilities that provide these services. These include relevant associations, counselling organisations, information services, policy-making bodies and others involved in lifelong learning and adult education at local, regional and national levels, such as NGOs, enterprises, voluntary groups and research centres. Top 5 countries preferred in the Grundtvig Programme are as follows: 1. Italy 2. Spain 3. Germany 4. Poland 5. Romania Total Figures for the years 2003 2010 Action Learning Partnerships In-Service Staff Training for Adult Education Volunteering Projects Visits and Exchanges for Adult Education Staff Assistantships No. of Applications No. of Accepted Applications Budget Allocated ( ) 1420 356 5,015,721.00 1047 253 401,239.38 10 2 20,193.00 39 15 13,634.17 29 7 52,321.00 File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 9
Action Workshops Preparatory Visits No. of Applications No. of Accepted Applications Budget Allocated ( ) 63 5 135,506.00 397 163 197,659.25 Many of the actions under the Grundtvig Programme have recently started (2009). For the detailed statistics on 2009 and 2010, please see the tables below. Action No. of Applications No. of Accepted Applications Budget Allocated ( ) Learning Partnerships In-Service Staff Training for Adult Education Volunteering Projects Visits and Exchanges for Adult Education Staff Assistantships Workshops Preparatory Visits Learning Partnerships 213 2009 60 (number of mobility will be clear at the end of 2011) 1,130,500.00 155 37 93,768.66 5 2 20,193.00 16 10 13,634.17 17 7 52,321.00 17 5 135,506.00 63 27 (continue) 29,636.00 2010 273 Process continues NA In-Service Staff Training for Adult Education 264 (devam ediyor) 57 (continue) NA Volunteering Projects Visits and Exchanges for Adult Education Staff Assistantships Workshops Preparatory Visits 5 Process continues NA 23 5 (continue NA 12 Process continues NA 46 Process continues NA 2 0 (continue) NA File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 10
TRANSVERSAL PROGRAMME In order to ensure that the four sub-programmes of the Lifelong Learning Programme reap the best results, a transversal programme with four key activities complements them. 1. Policy co-operation - Innovating and sharing good policy practices 2. Languages - Breaking the language barriers 3. Information and communication technologies - Innovative learning 4. Dissemination and exploitation of project results - Spreading and implementing the results 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 TOTAL Number of Outgoing Participants 51 110 160 170 196 201 888 JEAN MONNET PROGRAMME The Jean Monnet Programme stimulates teaching, research and reflection on European integration in higher education institutions worldwide. As part of the EU's Lifelong Learning Programme, the Jean Monnet Action (support for university-level teaching and research projects in European integration studies) includes the creation of Jean Monnet Chairs, Centres of Excellence, Modules, information and research activities as well as support for academic associations of professors and researchers in European integration. Jean Monnet actions are selected on the basis of their academic merits and following a process of rigorous and independent peer review. Jean Monnet actions are run with strict respect for the principle of academic autonomy and freedom. Between 2003 and 2009, 26 Jean Monnet Actions of Turkish universities have been supported. In Turkey, there are 2 Jean Monnet Centres of Excellence (at Marmara University [Istanbul] and Bogazici University [Istanbul]) and 5 Jean Monnet Chairs. File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 11
Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme Within the framework of Turkey s aspirations for full membership to the EU, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme aims to support Turkey s administrative capacity building efforts for the effective implementation of the EU acquis, through enhancing its human resources in the relevant disciplines. The Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme was introduced in 1989 to generate solid support for Turkey in its efforts towards accession to the European Union. The programme provides opportunities for Turkish men and women, including young graduates, to conduct postgraduate studies in a university or a research centre in EU member states. Final and ultimate decisions regarding every stage of the programme, from determining the application criteria to placement of the scholars on suitable programmes, are taken by the Jean Monnet Joint Committee, which operates as the steering committee of the project. Current members of the Committee are the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Secretariat General for EU Affairs, the Central Contracts and Finance Unit and also the Delegation of the European Union to Turkey who attend as observers. Some of the specific outcomes of the programme are: 76 graduated scholars of the 2009 2010 academic year received their certificates who were awarded for a full academic year in 40 Universities in the Member States: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, and United Kingdom. The interest from the public sector increased and the breakdown of the scholarship funds is as follows: public sector 40%, university 53 % and private sector 8%. The first generation of scholars are in decision-making positions now. These scholars are leading EU relations in the public sector, conducting research, teaching EU-related subjects in the universities and playing a key role in expanding economic growth in the Turkish private sector. Studies show that even after their return, scholars maintain a network with their friends and colleagues in the EU. In other words, the Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme also contributes to the development of a Civil Society Dialogue between Turkey and the European Union. This dialogue is essential to generate mutual knowledge and understanding between civil societies in Turkey and EU Member States, to dispel myths, mutual prejudices and fears. The programme has a strong positive impact on the personal and professional development of the scholars, which leads to the strengthening of the administrative capacity of Turkish institutions to implement and enforce the acquis. This unique experience not only gives scholars a chance to observe and understand European culture and values but also allows them to promote Turkish culture in Europe. 6 million Euro earmarked for the 2010 2011 academic year. Following the written exam and the interviews, 95 candidates have been found eligible for a scholarship. File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 12
EU FP7 Marie Curie Actions and Turkey s Achievement General Information The 'People' Specific Programme of the Seventh Framework Programme (2007 to 2013) acknowledges that one of the main competitive edges in science and technology is the quantity and quality of its human resources. To support the further development and consolidation of the European Research Area (ERA), the overall strategic objective is to make Europe more attractive for researchers. The Specific Programme aims to strengthen, quantitatively and qualitatively, the human potential in research and technology in Europe, by stimulating people to take up the profession of a researcher, encouraging European researchers to stay in Europe, and attracting to Europe the best researchers from the entire world. It is implemented by systematic investments in people, mainly through a coherent set of Marie Curie Actions, particularly taking into account the European added value in terms of their structuring effect on the European Research Area. Turkey s Achievement Along with the advancements in the research climate in Turkey, national and international mobility mechanisms have significantly increased attractiveness of Turkey for researchers who emigrated to the scientifically and technologically advanced countries for better opportunities and research facilities. Skilled researchers in abroad, are increasingly selecting Turkey to return back Europe with the support of European Union s researchers mobility funds. Turkey, ranking the 2 nd country in Europe in attracting researchers from non-european countries with Reintegration Grants of the FP7 Marie Curie Actions, witnessed that most of the applicants of these grants are the researchers who have recently returned back to Turkey. More than 100 researchers reintegrated to Turkish Research Area by using the related schemes of the Marie Curie Actions. File Note on Community Programmes, Jean Monnet Scholarship Programme and Marie Curie Actions 13