League of Women Voters of Ohio Comparison of the Components of the Education Provisions of Am. Sub. HB 119 (127th General Assembly) and Am. Sub. HB 1 (128th General Assembly) Updated February 2010 Components 127th General Assembly 128th General Assembly HOW IS STATE AID DETERMINED? BUILDING BLOCKS (FY08-09) Base Cost Formula Amount (Per Pupil): Consists of three components: (1) base classroom teacher compensation (2) other personnel support (3) non personnel support Basic Aid equals in FY08 $5,565 and in FY09 $5,732 per pupil Supplements Per Pupil Additional per pupil amount of $49.42 in FY08 and $50.90 in FY09 for the following: -professional development -academic intervention -data-based decision making -professional development/data-based decision-making. EVIDENCE BASED MODEL (FY10-11) The evidence-based model allocates funding to school districts based on the sum of the cost of the adequacy amount, which includes the following components: Adequacy Amount Instructional Support Services: Includes state aid for core teachers; specialist teachers, which are defined as dance, drama, visual art, music, and physical education teachers; lead teachers; special education teachers and aides; and teachers for students with limited English proficiency. Additional Services Support: Consists of funding for family and community liaisons, counselors, summer remediation, school nurse wellness coordinators, and district health professionals. Specifies funding for family and community liaisons through a formula using the district s ECF. Am. Sub. HB 1 does not allocate funding for counselors, school wellness coordinators, or district health professionals in FY10-11. Administrative Services Support: Consists of funding for superintendents, treasurers, principals, and administrative support personnel. Combines funding for superintendents and treasurers and provides funding per district of $187,176 for FY10 and $190,801 for FY11. Specifies principals be funded as one per organizational unit using a salary of $89,563 in FY10 and $91,297 in FY11. Operations and Maintenance: Phases-in funding at $397.80 per student in FY10 and FY11. Technology Resources Support: Phased-in funding for licensed librarian and media specialists and technical equipment. Professional Development Factor: Determined by multiplying the sum of a school district s core teachers, specialist teachers, careertechnical teachers, supplemental teachers, lead teachers, and special education teachers by $1,833. Instructional Materials Factor: The phased in amount for instructional materials is $33 per student for FY10 and $49.50 per student for FY11 LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 1
Organizational Units The number of organizational units are determined for elementary, middle, and high schools by the number of students. Elementary school organizational units: Divide formula ADM for grades K-5 by 418; Middle school organizational units: Divide formula ADM for grades 6-8 by 557; High school organizational units: Divide formula ADM for grades 9-12 by 733. HOW IS THE LOCAL CONTRIBUTION DETERMINED? HOW ARE STUDENTS COUNTED? WHAT ABOUT KINDERGARTEN? WHAT ARE THE OTHER COMPONENTS? Local Contribution: School districts contribute 23 mills (2.3 percent), know as the charge-off, of their recognized valuation toward base cost funding, and up to 3.3 mills (.033 percent) of their recognized valuation toward special education, career-technical education, and transportation funding. Average Daily Membership (ADM): Based on a student count in October and February. Kindergarten: Funded at.5 students for half day. All -Day Kindergarten is funded for some districts through Poverty Based Assistance. WHAT ARE THE OTHER COMPONENTS? Local Contribution: Reduces the charge-off from 23 mills to 20 mills over five years. (22 mills in FY10-11; 21 mills in FY12-13; 20 mils thereafter.) Recognized value is used for some districts, and taxable value for others. The charge-off applies to all components, except transportation and career-tech. Average Daily Membership (ADM): Uses prior year ADM unless that number for the current year exceeds the prior year by 2 percent, and then uses the current year. Kindergarten: All school districts are required to offer all-day Kindergarten, but parents can opt for a half day program. Waivers are available. WHAT ARE THE OTHER COMPONENTS? Gifted Education and Enrichment Support Gifted Education: Includes funds for identification and for gifted units. The funding is tied to specific positions. Districts are required by state law to identify students who are gifted, but are not required to provide gifted services. Approximately 20 percent of identified gifted students are served. Enrichment Support: No enrichment support. Gifted Instruction and Enrichment: Provides funding for the identification of gifted students, and phases-in funding for gifted coordinators and intervention specialists, based on the student and teacher ratios included in Ohio s Standards for Gifted Education. Enrichment Support: Phases-in enrichment support for enrichment activities to encourage creative, as well as intellectual pursuits, including fine arts, and allows enrichment support be used for purposes other than gifted education services. Special Education Special Education: Students included in ADM. Additional funds provided through six categories of special education weights set in 2000 by the Ohio Coalition for the Education of Children with Disabilities (OCECD) at 90 percent in FY09. LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 2 Special Education: Instructional support provided for special education teachers and aides based on ratios and IDEA. Permits funds received to support children with disabilities to be used to pay for providers of related services for those children. Updates the weights based on a 2006 study by the OCECD. Weights applied to the number of children in a SE category rather than to the per pupil amount. This determines the number of SE teachers and aides. Funded at 90 percent. Professional development provided for these teachers.
Career Technical/ Jt. Vocational Limited English Proficient EDUCATIONAL SERVICE CENTERS Career-Technical/Jt. Vocational Education: Provides funding through weights and through enhancements. Jt. Vocational Schools receive the same formula amount of $5,565 in FY08 and $5,732 in FY09. Transitional aid guarantees that each JVSD receives the same amount of formula funding it received in the previous fiscal year. Limited English Proficient: Provided to 10 districts based on the concentration of students and poverty of the school district. Educational Service Centers (ESC): ESCs provide many services including supervisory services, special education, and gifted education. Provides $40.52 per pupil for an ESC serving three or more counties and $37.00 per pupil for all others. Earmarks up to $52 million in each fiscal year. Career-Technical/Jt. Vocational: Calculates career-technical education funding for school districts in FY10 as 100.75 percent of the aggregate amount of vocational education weighted funding received in FY09, and in FY11 as 100.75 percent of the amount paid in FY10. Limited English Proficient: One teacher per 100 LEP students. Educational Service Centers (ESC): Earmarks up to $8,100,000 in each fiscal year to fund gifted education units at educational service centers. Earmarks up to $46,400,000 in each fiscal year to fund the state reimbursement for ESCs. ADJUSTMENTS TO THE FORMULA How is poverty addressed? ADJUSTMENTS TO THE FORMULA Poverty Based Assistance Additional funds for certain school districts calculated through a formula that includes factors such as level of poverty (poverty indices) and student achievement (Academic Watch and Academic Emergency). -Class Size Reduction (K-3) -Academic Intervention -All-day Kindergarten -Extra professional development -Students with limited English proficiency -Dropout prevention, safety, security, outreach, and the Governor s -Closing the Achievement Gap. ADJUSTMENTS TO THE FORMULA Poverty Adjustments: Additional funding is provided for Family Community Liaisons, Supplemental Teachers, and Summer Remediation. The Educational Challenge Factor (ECF) Defined as a value used to adjust funding amounts to account for student and community socio-economic factors. ECFs values are determined for each school district, and are based on (1) the college attainment rate of the district s population; (2) the district s wealth per pupil, based on property valuation and federal adjusted gross income; and (3) the district s concentration of poverty. Range from.76 to1.64. Governor s Closing the Achievement Gap: Allocates up to $500,000 for activities to assist each school district in each high school and each elementary and middle school where less than 50 percent of the students have attained a proficient score on the 4th and 7th grade achievement tests in English language arts and mathematics. Equity/Parity Aid Parity Aid: The difference between what a district could raise per pupil with 8.0 mills in FY08 and 8.5 mills in FY09, and what a district at the 80th percentile highest wealth level could raise per pupil. Parity Aid: No provision. The EBM Adequacy Amount provides the same components to all districts. Most of the components are adjusted based on the wealth of a districts through the Educational Challenge Factor. Charge-off Supplement Charge-off Supplement (Gap Aid): Provided to districts whose actual operating revenue is lower than the local share assumed by the formula. LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 3 Charge-off Supplement: No provision. Phases-out Gap Aid by reducing the charge-off to 20 mills.
Transitional Aid/Guarantees Transitional Aid: Provided to districts since FY 2004. For FY08 and FY09, guarantees that each district receives the same amount of formula funding it received in the previous fiscal year. Transitional Aid: Ensures that no school district receives a decrease in state aid of more than 1 percent in FY10 and 2 percent in FY11, and caps growth so that no school district receives growth in state aid greater than 0.75 percent in FY10 and FY11. (The transitional aid base is defined in law as including specific funding components applied through formulas to calculate transitional aid.) TRANSPORTATION CHARTER SCHOOLS/ E-SCHOOLS SUPPORT FOR NONPUBLIC SCHOOLS Auxiliary Services Nonpublic Administrative Cost Reimbursement (200-532) Educational Choice Scholarship Transportation: Provides increases of 1 percent per year to school districts receiving transportation funding in FY 2005 under the current formula. Charter Schools/E-schools: Students are included in their resident district s ADM to qualify for state payments, which are then deducted from students resident districts and transferred to the schools where the students are enrolled. Charter schools also receive funding for poverty-based assistance; parity aid; supplemental funding; etc. SUPPORT FOR NONPUBLIC SCHOOLS Auxiliary Services: Provides $129,680,457 in FY08 and $133,570,870 in FY09 distributed on a per pupil basis to support secular services provided to chartered nonpublic schools. Earmarks funds for Postsecondary Enrollment Options. Nonpublic Administrative Cost Reimbursement: Provides funds to reimburse chartered nonpublic schools for administrative and clerical activities mandated by the state. The reimbursement is based on the actual costs from the prior year. The budget increases the maximum per pupil reimbursement from $275 to $300 per pupil. Educational Choice Scholarships: Students are counted in their resident district s ADM for the purposes of calculating state base cost funding. A deduction of $2,700 for a kindergarten student or $5,200 for a student in grades one through twelve is made from the resident district s state aid in order to fund the scholarships. Transportation: Appropriates $386.7 million in FY10 and $401.5 million in FY11 for transportation, of which $376.9 million in each fiscal year is reserved for the new prorated portion of transportation aid. Enacts a new formula for transportation funding for school districts based on statewide transportation costs per student and statewide costs per mile. Charter schools/e-schools: Funded on a per pupil basis as a deduction from the state aid allocated to the districts of residence of students attending community schools. The deduct amount is $5,718 in FY10 and $5,703 in FY11 for base cost payments only, and calculates weighted funding for special education and career-technical education using the weights prescribed under current law applied to a formula amount of $5,732 in FY10 and FY11. SUPPORT FOR NONPUBLIC SCHOOLS Auxiliary Services: Provides $111,979,388 in FY10 and $111,979,388 in FY11. Earmarks up to $1,789,943 in each fiscal year for nonpublic school student participation in the Post-Secondary Enrollment Options Program, and requires ODE to adopt rules governing the distribution of these funds. Nonpublic Administrative Cost Reimbursement: Increases from $300 to $325 the maximum amount per pupil for reimbursement of chartered nonpublic school administrative costs. Educational Choice Scholarship: Continues the practice of counting Educational Choice Scholarship recipients in the formula ADM of their resident school districts, and then deducting amounts from the district. Increases the deduction for kindergarten students from $2,700 to $5,200 per pupil to account for the new school funding model s counting each kindergarten student as one instead of one-half student. Retains the current scholarship levels. LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 4
Cleveland Scholarship Autism Scholarship Cleveland Scholarship: Provides scholarships to students who are residents of the Cleveland Municipal School District to be used to attend a participating nonpublic school. Scholarship students are not counted in Cleveland s ADM for funding purposes. In addition to scholarships, the program funds tutoring services for students who remain in the Cleveland Municipal School District. Autism Scholarship: Provides up to $20,000 for eligible students to attend approved service providers. Cleveland Scholarship: Specifies that up to $11,901,887 in each fiscal year of the foundation program funds credited to the Cleveland Municipal School District be used to operate the school choice program. Further specifies that of that amount, up to $1 million in each fiscal year be used by the district to provide tutorial assistance. Requires that the use of funds for tutorial assistance be reported in the district s three year continuous improvement plan. Autism Scholarship: Provides up to $20,000 for eligible students to attend approved service providers. ($22.1 million distributed in FY09) Conversion Levy General Revenue Fund; Property Tax Allocation -- Education (Rollback) Tangible Tax Exemption School District Property Tax Replacement Business (200-909). Conversion Levy: No provision. Tax Reimbursements (Rollbacks): The state pays 10 percent of locally levied property taxes for residential and agricultural real property owners and an additional 2.5 percent for homeowners, thus decreasing property taxes paid by individual property taxpayers in Ohio. This also includes partial funding of the Homestead Exemption Program -- which was expanded in 2007. Tangible Personal Property -- Business: The state exempts the first $10,000 of tangible personal property from taxation, and reimburses school districts for this exemption. The reimbursement is being phased out and will be completely eliminated by FY 2010. School districts will be reimbursed at a rate of 31% in FY 2008 and 16% in FY 2009. Conversion Levy: Authorizes school districts levying current expense taxes with an aggregate effective tax rate exceeding 20 mills on residential/agricultural real property to convert that excess millage, with voter approval, to a single levy for a specified amount of money and for a term of up to 10 years or continuously. Requires the state to reimburse a school districts levying a conversion tax for the amount of tax revenue lost from nonresidential/agricultural real property and public utility personal property due to the conversion. Phases out the reimbursement over 13 years. Authorizes school boards to propose conversion levies for five years (2010 through 2014). Tax Reimbursements: Same Tax Reimbursements: Provides no funding for these reimbursements. Tangible Personal Property Tax and School District Property Tax Replacement Utility (200-900) Tangible Personal Property Tax: Am. Sub. H.B. 66 of the 126th General Assembly phased-out the tax on general business tangible personal property. This phase-out began in tax year (TY) 2006. The lost property tax for each district was determined by the Department of Taxation. After the tax is completely phased out, the tax loss will TPPT Reimbursements: Specifies that the state education aid offset used to compute a city, local, or exempted village school district s reimbursement for the phase-out of the TPPT and the phase-in of electric deregulation is the greater of the value computed for the current fiscal year or the value computed for FY09. Specifies that the LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 5
be $1.1 billion for one year. Districts are compensated for this loss partially through state aid (the state education aid offset). H.B. 66 also created the commercial activity tax (CAT). Funds from this tax provide direct reimbursements to districts for the value of the loss above the increase in state aid. 70 percent of annual CAT revenue in FY 2019 and thereafter is dedicated for school funding. Utility Tax Reimbursement: Am. Sub. S.B. 3 and Am. Sub. S.B. 287 of the 123rd General Assembly deregulated electric and natural gas utilities in Ohio, reduced the property tax assessment rates on utility property, and created new taxes on utility output. A portion of the revenues from these new taxes is deposited into RDF Fund 053. The decrease in assessment rates decreased the property valuation and property tax receipts of school districts containing utility property. The lost property tax for each district was determined by the Department of Taxation. In total, the tax loss was $198 million for one year. Districts are compensated for this loss partially through an increase in state aid (the state education aid offset). These funds provide direct reimbursements to districts for the value of the loss above the increase in state aid. All school districts were completely reimbursed for these losses for five years, from FY 2002 through FY 2006. Starting in FY 2007, however, only districts whose tax loss, inflated to current dollars, is greater than their increase in state aid from FY 2002 continue to receive direct reimbursement payments. All joint vocational school districts continue to receive direct reimbursements. ### state education aid offset, for these same purposes, for JVSDs, is the value computed for FY09. Makes technical corrections to the definition of state education aid used in computing the state education aid offset for (a) additional transitional aid paid to some low-wealth, high-density districts that also receive an additional pupil transportation subsidy under the EBM, in the case of both electric deregulation and TPPT reimbursements, and (b) EdChoice and community school deductions, in the case of electric deregulation reimbursements. Makes the levy loss reimbursement for each school district 100 percent through FY13 (rather than FY11) for the losses resulting from the phase-out of taxes on business personal property and telecommunications property. ### LWVO Comparison Am. Sub. HB 119 and Am. Sub. HB 1 February 2010 page 6