Nordic Baltic Bioenergy Conference, Riga April 2015

Nordic Baltic Bioenergy Conference, Riga April 205 Modern Flue Gas Cleaning how to use waste for heat and electricity with very low environmental impact Per Lindgren, Manager Sales per.lindgren@gmab.se www.gmab.se a Babcock & Wilcox Vølund company

Agenda - Company overview - Energy production in WTE plants overview - The Scandinavian model

Babcock & Wilcox Company Business activities within Power Generation Group: - Global Power Division - Diamond Power International - Loibl A-S-H (Allen-Sherman-Hoff) - B&W MEGTEC - B&W Vølund (incl. subsidiary Götaverken Miljö)

B&W Vølund Main business areas - Waste-to-energy systems - Biomass energy systems - After sales service - Refurbishing/rebuilding

References: Ongoing and recent plant projects Plant Country Brite UK Margam UK Dunbar UK Skærbækværket Denmark Nordforbrænding Denmark Peterborough UK Amager Bakke, Copenhagen Denmark Packages Pakistan West Palm Beach USA Sembcorp Singapore Likeng II, Guangzhou China Lidköping Sweden Voimala 2 Finland Landskrona Sweden Filborna, Helsingborg Sweden Forus 2, Stavanger Norway Meath Ireland Hamar, Trehørningen Norway Sarcelles France Fiskeby Board Sweden Lines Fuel capacity per line (t/h) Commissioning year 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 200 Babcock & Wilcox Vølund A/S. All rights reserved. 32,9 35 22.8 77 0 35 38 3 24 3. 9 6.5 27 8 27 2 2 207 207 207 207 206 206 206 205 205 205 203 203 202 202 203 202 20 20 2008/200 2009.6

Götaverken Miljö - Supplier of flue gas cleaning and energy recovery systems and equipment to mainly municipal and hazardous incineration plants Our location in the Gothenburg harbour - Innovative company with strong focus on development of new environmental technologies - Several unique patented technologies - Some 30 employees - Turn over approx.5 MEuro Source: Göteborgs Hamn

References Flue Gas Cleaning Flue gas cleaning plants to more than 40 waste incineration plants in Sweden, Denmark, Germany and Belgium. (excluding plants up-graded with ADIOX technology) Thisted, Denmark Gas cleaning installed in 99, up-graded with ADIOX 2003 Umeå, Dåvaverket, Sweden Flue gas cleaning, steam turbine and compressor heat pumps Probably one of the most energyefficient waste incineration plants in the world due to the energy recovery in the flue gas cleaning

References Energy Recovery Some 35 flue gas incineration lines, at biomass and waste incineration plants, have been provided with our condensing systems, several in combination with heat pumps. 25 large heat pumps and chillers, including some of the largest heat pumps in the world. Both absorption and compressor type heat pumps/chillers have been supplied.

Overview - Flue Gas treatment & Energy Recovery Systems Flue gas cleaning & enhanced energy recovery BAT different possible subsystems Complete WTE plants with our parent company Babcock & Wilcox Vølund Dioxin removal by ADIOX Absorption heat pumps & chillers Dioxin removal in ADIOX absorbers Water treatment District heating net

Energy production electricity only (typical south/mid/west Europe) Fuel input (efficient heating value) 65 MW Furnace & boiler Flue gas treatment Cooling to air/sea Turbine 5 MW G Electricity production: 5 MW

Energy production electricity only (Various plants in Europe) Fuel input (efficient heating value) 65 MW Furnace & boiler Flue gas treatment District heating ~40 MW Turbine 5 MW G District heating system Electricity production: 5 MW Heat production: ~40 MW

Energy production electricity only (Sweden & Denmark typically) Fuel input (efficient heating value) 65 MW Furnace & boiler Flue gas treatment Flue gas Condenser 0 MW District heating 40 MW Turbine 5 MW G Heat pump? Electricity production: 5 MW Heat production: ~40 MW District heating Additional heat production: ~0 MW

Typical energy production comparison/potential Fuel input (note - efficient heating value!) 65 MW Electricity production: 5 MW Heat production: ~ 40 + 0 MW = 50 MW Efficiency Electricity production only 23 % If also turbine condenser for heat production 80-85 % Plus flue gas condensation (possibly with heat pump) ~00%

District heating from Waste incinerators in Sweden (203) Waste incinerators: 32 sites, approx 60 units Waste incinerated: 2 230 000 tonnes municipal waste (50 %) 3 050 000 tonnes mainly industrial waste Electricity produced:,8 TWh Heat Produced: 3,8 TWh Approx 3 MWh of energy per tonne of waste is generated - Electricity to 250 000 villas and heat (district heating) to 80 000 villas (energy from biofueled incinerators to be added) - Heat produced by flue gas condensation at a majority of the plants

Sweden: Source - Swedish Waste Management Assosiation

Reference examples: Eksjö (SE) Polishing + condensing, after dry system Existing plant UF RO M recipient AC Lime injection + bag house NaOH M HCl + NH 3 to boiler HCl dosage for NH 3 removal Heat production ~ 3MW District heating

Reference examples: Eksjö (SE) Polishing + condensing, after dry system AC NaOH M 2 MW boiler HCl Unit Before scrubber Nom. Before scrubber Max Guarantee (24 h mean) HCl mg/nm 3 5 00 5 SO 2 mg/nm 3 75 250 25 Energy recov. MW >3 MW

Reference: Filborna, Helsingborg (SE) Polishing + condensing, after semidry system Adiox for dioxin removal in all stages Heat recovery SO2 & HF removal Absorption Heat pump HCl & NH3 removal 75 MW boiler District heating After boiler Before scrubber Emission guarantee HCl mg/nm3 2000 45 5 SO2 mg/nm3 000 50 25 HF mg/nm3 30 0.5 PCDD/Fs ng/nm3 0 0,05 0,05 5 MW additional energy recovery polishing of pollutants

Reference: Filborna, Helsingborg (SE) Polishing + condensing, after semidry system

Typical environmental performance, with flue gas condensation AC NaOH M Raw gas EU Directive limits Emission guarantees HCl mg/nm 3 2000 0 5 SO 2 mg/nm 3 000 50 25 HF mg/nm 3 30 0.5 PCDD/Fs ng/nm 3 0 0, 0,05 Flue gas condensation enables/gives simultaneous improvement of emission data - More reliable performance - Higher fuel flexibility - Well prepared for future requirements (new BREF)

Example: Water quality of treated condensate Dsanlnsal Typical values at waste incineration Substance Unit Condensed Water Treated water 2 Drinking water quality acc to EU directive 98/83/EG Pb mg/l <,0 < 0,0 0,0 Cd mg/l < 0,5 < 0,005 0,005 Cr mg/l <,0 < 0,0 0.05 Cu mg/l <,0 < 0,0 2,0 Hg mg/l < 0, < 0,00 0,00 Ni mg/l <,0 < 0,0 0,02 Zn mg/l < 2,0 < 0,02 N/A As mg/l <,0 < 0,0 0,0 Susp mg/l < 00 < N/A Chlorides mg/l << 00 < 250 Sulphates mg/l << 500 < 5 250 Conductivity µs/cm < 000 < 5 2500 ) Worst case calculated 2) After Ultra filtration and 2-stage RO ALL VALUES ACC TO EU DIRECTIVE FOR DRINKING WATER

Some final comments High degree of energy recovery as well as very efficient and well proven flue gas treatment is most important for the public acceptance Low temperature in district heating return line very important for maximum energy recovery Waste incineration BREF (Best available technology REference Document) is in the process of being updated, most likely with more stringent emission requirements. The Scandinavian model for WTE is very well suited to meet what may be expected.