CSPP 57130
Routing Static Routing Fairness Adaptive Routing Shortest Path First Flooding, Flow routing Distance Vector
RIP Distance Vector Sometimes called Bellman-FOrd Original Arpanet, DECNet, Novell, AppleTalk One entry for each router in network Next hop and distance
RIP Limitations Counting to Infinity Good news is fast, but bad news is slow Split Horizon hack Link State Routing Track all links, not just nearest neighbor More data to track, computation can be time consuming for large networks
Hierarchical Routing The Internet Today BGP-4 among ISPs Link State for large corporate nets Distance vector/static for small office network
Quality of Service Switching CoS is a 3 bit field within an Ethernet frame header when using 802.1Q tagging. Routing IP bits
IP Precedence Bits 0 0 Routine 1 1 Priority 2 10 Immediate 3 11 Flash 4 100 Flash Override 5 101 Critical 6 110 Internetwork Control 7 111 Network Control
Diff Services IP V 6 Calass byte Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)
Diff Server Components Classifier -- Identifies a packets class Marker -- Writes DSCP field of packet Metering -- Compliance of traffic profile Shaper -- delays traffic by buffering some Dropper -- drops appropriate traffic
QoS on a 3750 interface FastEthernet0/19 description Conf rm 17E-1 7018.01 White switchport access vlan 37 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 37 switchport mode trunk switchport voice vlan 27 switchport priority extend cos 0
QoS on a Router Classify packets class-map match-all others match any class-map match-any rtp-out match ip dscp ef match ip precedence 5 class-map match-all voice-control match access-group name voicecontrol class-map match-all rtp match ip rtp 16384 16383 class-map match-any voice-control-out match ip dscp af31 match access-group name voicecontrol
Mark packets QoS on a Router policy-map voice-policy-out class rtp-out priority 738 class voice-control-out bandwidth 8 class class-default fair-queue policy-map classify-voice class rtp set dscp ef class voice-control set dscp af31 class others set dscp default policy-map slc-voice-policy-out
QoS on a Router Implement the Policy Frame Relay Port interface Serial0/1 description CHI-SLC-SF Frame (DHEC 303719.100 ATI) no ip address encapsulation frame-relay no ip mroute-cache load-interval 30 service-module t1 timeslots 1-24 frame-relay traffic-shaping frame-relay lmi-type ansi
QoS on a Router Implement the Policy Frame Relay port (cont.) interface Serial0/1.3 point-to-point description CHI/SanFran Frame (DHEC 453192 ATI) bandwidth 256 ip address 130.130.96.1 255.255.255.0 no ip mroute-cache frame-relay interface-dlci 110 class voicefr frame-relay ip tcp header-compression frame-relay ip rtp header-compression
QoS on a Router Implement the Policy Frame class voicefr map-class frame-relay voicefr frame-relay cir 1463000 frame-relay bc 7680 frame-relay be 0 frame-relay mincir 768000 frame-relay fragment 1600 service-policy output voice-policy-out!
QoS on a Router A Point-to-Point link interface Serial0/0 description NY point-to-point WAN bandwidth 1536 ip address 192.168.212.1 255.255.255.0 service-policy output voice-policy-out no ip mroute-cache load-interval 30 service-module t1 timeslots 1-24 service-module t1 fdl att
Implementing QoS Download a formula from Vendor Might need tweaking for local conditions
Cisco 3750 Traffic Shaping Weighted Tail Drop three Thresholds CoS 5 100% No packets dropped unless full CoS 0-4 30% drop threshold CoS 6-7 70% drop threshold
Cisco 3750 Cont. Four hardware egress queues Shaped Round Robin Aggregate rate shaping Specify maximum combined transmission rate for all four queues Individual rate shaping Queues not shaped are shared by SRR
Cisco 3750 Cont. Traffic Policing Like shaping, but no buffer Traffic beyond limit is dropped non-blocking switch fabric Two ingress queues Strict priority traffic, other traffic
Port Monitoring Cisco Switched Port Analyzer (SPAN) Packet sniffing problem on switches Only get flooded and broadcast packets Monitor ports Limits for each device 2900/3500XL one port, no vlan, no trunk, no channel group, no psec
SPAN on 3750 conf t monitor session 1 source inter faste 0/2 monitor session 1 destination inter faste 0/3 exit; show monitor session 1