CHEM-E4140 Selectivity 12. Pharma Business Prof. Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry C318
Pharma Business Total volume ca 1100 G$ (Shell 421G$; Walmart 486G$; Toyota 252 G$). Annually approx 25 NMEs.
Spending by Geography
2016 Pharmaceutical Spend Per Capita 2005$ and Population
Country Rankings
Human genome includes only ca 3,000 druggable genes genes coding proteins, that can bind drug like molecules Although modern pharmacopoeias know > 21,000 medicinal products, they are made of only 1,204 small molecules and 166 biologics. Hopkins, A.L. & Groom, C.R. The druggable genome. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 1, 727 730 (2002). Overington, J.P., Al-Lazikani, B. & Hopkins, A.L. How many drug targets are there? Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 5, 993 996 (2006).
Total length of drug deveopment Source: DiMasi, J.A., New Drug Development in U.S. 1963-1999. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics 2001. May, 69(s).
New Drug Development
Market Exclusivity Times Decrease Inderal (beta blocker for cardiovascular disease); Tagamet (H 2 antagonist for ulcers); Capoten (ACE inhibitor for cardiovascular disease); Seldane (antihistamine for allergies); AZT (antiviral for HIV/AIDS); Mevacor (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor for high cholesterol); Prozac (serotonin re-uptake inhibitor for depression); Diflucan (antifungal); Recombinate (antihemophilic blood factor); Invirase (protease inhibitor for HIV/AIDS); Celebrex (cox 2 inhibitor for arthritis). Sources: PhRMA, 2000; The Wilkerson Group, 1995.
Global Launches of NMEs
FDA Approvals Allison, M. Nature Biotechnology 2012, 30, 41 49.
R&D Intensive Companies
R&D Investments Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
R&D By Geographic Area; 2008 Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
Statistics Federsel, H.-J. Expert Opin. Drug Discov. 2010, 5(9), 813-818
Increasing Development Costs J. A. DiMasi and H. G. Grabowski, Managerial and Decision Economics, 2007, 28, 469; J. A. DiMasi, et al., Journal of Health Economics, 2003.
R&D Spending Per New Drug 1997-2011 Company # Drugs Total R&D $M $M per Drug AstraZeneca 5 58955 11790 GlaxoSmithKline 10 81708 8170 Sanofi 8 63274 7909 Roche 11 85841 7803 Pfizer 14 108178 7727 Johnson & Johnson 15 88285 5885 Eli Lilly 11 50347 4577 Abbott 8 35970 4496 Merck & Co 16 67360 4209 Bristol-Myers Squibb 11 45675 4152 Novartis 21 83646 3983 Amgen 9 33229 3692 Mattew Harper, Forbes 10. Feb. 2012.
Making Money out of It? Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
Top 10 Therapies December 7, 2009 Volume 87, Number 49 pp. 13-21 Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
2016 Spending
Late Stage Pipeline Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
Patent Cliff Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
Major Patent Expiries
Patent Cliff
Share of Generics in Prescriptions 2009: 74% Ari Koskinen Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
Top 50 Pharma Companies in 2010
Top 25 Pharma Companies in 2011 Rank Company Bn 1 Pfizer $57.70 USA 2 Novartis $54.00 Switzerland 3 Merck $41.30 USA 4 Sanofi $37.00 France 5 Roche $34.90 Switzerland 6 GlaxoSmithKline $34.40 UK 7 AstraZeneca $33.60 UK 8 Johnson & Johnson $24.40 USA 9 Abbott $22.40 USA 10 Eli Lilly $21.90 USA 11 Bristol-Myers Squibb $21.20 USA 12 Teva $16.70 Israel 13 Amgen $15.30 USA 14 Takeda $15.20 Japan 15 Boehringer Ingelheim $13.80 Germany 16 Bayer $12.80 Germany 17 Daiichi Sankyo $11.60 Japan 18 Novo Nordisk $11.50 Denmark 19 Astellas $11.40 Japan 20 Gilead Sciences $8.10 USA
Top 10 Drugs 2011 From Jón T. Njarðarson/Arizona
Selected Product Launches
WHO Priority Diseases