University Press Scholarship Online You are looking at 31-38 of 38 items for: keywords : health outcomes Opening the Black Box of Segregation: Real Estate and Racial Health Disparities Abigail A. Sewell in Race and Real Estate Published in print: 2015 Published Online: October 2015 ISBN: 9780199977260 eisbn: 9780190255251 acprof:oso/9780199977260.003.0006 SYSTEMS OF RACE, racism, and racial inequality are of consequence to the prevalence of health outcomes and to racial disparities in illness prevalence. Yet a historicized understanding of how racially segregated neighborhoods are created from these systems of racial oppression is absent in neighborhood effect studies documenting the harmful effects of living in racial ghettos. Drawing on insights from the neighborhood change, place stratification, and housing discrimination literature, this chapter illustrates the ways that structural manifestations of racial oppression are implicated in the illnesses experienced via the neighborhood arrangements that arise out of institutionalized racism. The chapter explicates how the unequal distribution of resources by the mortgage lending industry is implicated in the poor health outcomes of racial minorities, the deteriorated conditions of the environments in which racial minorities spend their lives, and the segregation of racially and economically marginalized people into socially, economically, and materially deprived communities. The AIDS Generation: Stories of Survival and Resilience Perry N. Halkitis Published in print: 2013 Published Online: January 2014 ISBN: 9780199944972 eisbn: 9780199352470 Item type: book acprof:oso/9780199944972.001.0001 This book documents the lived experiences of HIV-positive gay men who are presently middle aged, long-term survivors of HIV/AIDS. Through the use of ethnography and life history interviews, the book delineates the resiliencies that these fifteen long-term survivors have demonstrated Page 1 of 5
in coping with a life-threatening disease throughout the course of their adult lives. Interwoven with the academic literature, historical events, and artistic expressions from the popular media, the book narrates the life stories of these gay men who are members of the AIDS Generation. Their stories span the period from the early days of the epidemic to the present, including their lives as boys and young men negotiating their sexuality, first learning their serostatus, and their life experiences during this time. Next, this book describes the medical, psychological, social strategies and behaviors the men of this generation engaged in to survive the AIDS epidemic, and how these men of the AIDS Generation are confronting and navigating through this period of middle aged adulthood and into older adulthood with new physical, emotional, and social struggles. The book examines how approaches to survival inform and are informed by the broad body of literature on resilience and health, which may be applicable to the lives of those newly infected with HIV and others who are living with chronic health conditions, as well as providing insight to their caregivers and policy makers. Analysing the health transition: what the Greek case tells us about the social determinants of health Mick Carpenter in Social Policy Review 15: UK and international perspectives Published in print: 2003 Published Online: March 2012 ISBN: 9781847424709 eisbn: 9781447303428 Publisher: Policy Press DOI: 10.1332/ policypress/9781847424709.003.0007 This chapter talks about the social determinants of health. It begins by reviewing the theoretical accounts of the health transition and then seeks to adapt these to variations in the policy regimes. The discussion then shifts to Greece, where it is viewed as a health and welfare regime. The chapter analyses Greece's record on health outcomes up to 1981, before moving on to modern times. The Medico-Legal Environment and How Medico-Legal Matters Impact the Doctor: Research Findings from an Australian Study Louise Nash, Michele Daly, Elizabeth Van Ekert, and Patrick Kelly in First Do No Self Harm: Understanding and Promoting Physician Stress Resilience Published in print: 2013 Published Online: January 2014 ISBN: 9780195383263 eisbn: 9780199344871 acprof:oso/9780195383263.003.0008 Page 2 of 5
Adverse outcomes happen in health care, regardless of intent and quality of care provided. Patients may be harmed, or experience inadequate treatment, or be dissatisfied, causing them to seek redress through medico-legal processes against the doctor. In Australia, formal complaint mechanisms operate in all Australian states and territories, and a complaint to one of these complaint bodies is common. Patients also seek compensation as a result of medical negligence claims. A minority of patients claim for compensation when there has been no wrongful treatment or when there is found to be no cause for complaint. Bad outcomes cause distress for all concerned, not only for the patient and patient s family, but also the doctor and doctor s family. The medicolegal processes of complaints, claims, and inquiries that can follow can be distressing for the doctor regardless of the cause or the outcome. This chapter explores the impact the medico-legal process has on the health and well-being of the doctor and the impact on the doctor s practice of medicine, including the way they relate to patients. Social Support and Mortality from Specific Diseases Bert N. Uchino in Social Support and Physical Health: Understanding the Health Consequences of Relationships Published in print: 2004 Published Online: October 2013 ISBN: 9780300102185 eisbn: 9780300127980 Publisher: Yale University Press DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300102185.003.0005 This chapter discusses the ways in which social support may influence health outcomes. It evaluates studies that have looked at mortality from specific diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The chapter examines whether social support actually influence the development of disease or is it effective after the medical diagnosis of disease when individuals are in direct need of support. Area Differences in Utilization of Medical Care and Mortality among U.S. Elderly Victor R. Fuchs, Mark McClellan, and Jonathan Skinner in Perspectives on the Economics of Aging Published in print: 2004 Published Online: February 2013 ISBN: 9780226903057 eisbn: 9780226903286 Publisher: University of Chicago Press DOI: 10.7208/ chicago/9780226903286.003.0011 Page 3 of 5
This chapter has two main sections: utilization and mortality. In most markets, an interest in expenditures would require attention to prices as well as quantities, but given universal insurance coverage through Medicare, utilization is a natural subject for discussion. Mortality is only one of many possible measures of health, but there are several reasons to concentrate on it. First, mortality is by far the most objective measure. Second, it is, for most people, the most important health outcome. Third, it is probably significantly correlated with morbidity because most deaths are preceded by illness. The chapter focuses on whites, aged 65 84, or more specifically, those people not identified as African-American. Moreover, preliminary research by Donald Nichols suggests that the relationship between those other variables and utilization and mortality may be significantly different for blacks than for whites. What We Know and Don t Know about the Effects of Cost Sharing on the Demand for Medical Care and So What? Joseph P. Newhouse and Anna D. Sinaiko in Incentives and Choice in Health Care Published in print: 2008 Published Online: August 2013 ISBN: 9780262195775 eisbn: 9780262283816 Publisher: The MIT Press DOI: 10.7551/ mitpress/9780262195775.003.0004 This chapter focuses on the effects of cost sharing on the demand for medical care based on the results of the Rand Health Insurance Experiment (HIE) conducted in the 1970s and 1980s to investigate price elasticities of demand for various types of personal health services for families with different income levels, as well as for children and adults, and the impact of health insurance coverage on health outcomes. The chapter first analyzes the traditional view of cost sharing in health economics before turning to empirical evidence on the effects of cost sharing on the demand for medical care. How can we end inequalities in housing? Alan Murie in Tackling inequalities: Where are we now and what can be done? Published in print: 2000 Published Online: March 2012 ISBN: 9781861341464 eisbn: 9781447303633 Publisher: Policy Press DOI: 10.1332/ policypress/9781861341464.003.0005 This chapter discusses how inequalities can be ended in the area of housing. While housing is not at the top of New Labour's policy agenda, Page 4 of 5
it has been identified as affecting outcomes in health and education, as well as having an important role in improving employability. The discussion examines how housing is a product and contributory factor in determining inequality, and focuses on how housing issues, such as poor housing conditions, homelessness, and the residualised social-housing sector, are linked to the wider processes of social exclusion. It presents a critical analysis of New Labour's focus on the worst estates and suggests that the focus of social exclusion in terms of the social-housing sector is being made at the expense of housing problems elsewhere. Page 5 of 5