C o n t e n t F o rew o rd... 11 Introduction: C hristianity and Shingon... 13 Chapter 1: Kukai and Jesus... 19 1. The Life of Kobo Daishi K ukai... 21 1.1 Kukai the Seeker... 21 1.2 Spreader of the Dharm a... 27 2. Kukai and Jesus... 29 2.1 The Son of God, Jesus... 29 2.2 Kobo Daishi and C hrist... 31 3. Mysticism and Prophetism... 32 3.1 The Nature of Prophetism... 33 3.2 A Non-dual Relationship... 36 Chapter 2: Three M ysteries and S acram en ts... 41 1. Kukai s Theory of the Three Mysteries... 42 1.1 The Three Mysteries of Dainichi Nyorai... 42 1.2 The Three Mysteries of the Practitioner... 47 1.3 Kaji or Yoga of the Three Mysteries... 51 2. Comparison of the Three Mysteries with the Sacraments... 53 2.1 Sacraments Performed by God... 54 2.2 Sacraments Performed by Human Beings... 57 2.3 Sacramental Life... 59 3. Meditation and Ritual... 61 3.1 Meditation during Rituals (Self-effort)...62 3.2 Ritual Action during Meditation (Other-power)... 63 3.3 Meditation and Ritual (Human Being and God/Buddha)... 64
C hapter 3: Karma and Sin... 69 1. The Concept of Three Karmas... 69 1.1 Life Is Suffering... 70 1.2 Origin of Suffering... 71 1.3 There Is a Way Out... 72 1.4 The Method of Three Mysteries... 73 1.5 Power of Discernment... 73 2. Comparison of Three Karmas with Original S in... 78 2.1 Original Sin (1st Truth)... 79 2.2 Inclination to Evil (2nd T ruth)... 81 2.3 The Aim of Heaven (3rd Truth)... 83 2.4 Method of Forgiveness (4th Truth)... 84 2.5 Power of Forgiveness... 84 3. The Correlation between Faith and Practice... 87 Chapter 4: Living Buddha, Living Christ... 97 1. Becoming a Buddha in this Life... 98 1.1 Fast Track to Enlightenment... 98 1.2 Kaji of the Three Mysteries... 100 1) Kaiji Power... 100 2) Two-sidedness of Kaji Power... 102 3) Five Levels of Perfection... 103 4) Deity Yoga... 105 1.3 Transformation of the S elf...... 106 1.4 Life and Death in Shingon... 108 2. Becoming a Buddha and Sanctification of the Human Being... 2.1 Theosis (Becoming a Buddha)... 112 2.2 Christification (Kaji of the Three Mysteries)... 113 1) Imitating C hrist... 113 2) God in Me, I in God... 114 I l l
2.3 Sanctification of the Human Being (Kaji Power)... 115 2.4 View on Life and Death in Christianity... 117 1) Spiritual Marriage (Two Persons Walking Together)... 117 2) Three Kinds of Heaven... 118 3) The Church as the Kingdom of God... 119 3. Truth and Method... 122 3.1 Truth and Method of a Religious Ritual... 122 3.2 Truth and Means of a Faith Object... 123 3.3 The Middle View... 125 Chapter 5: Dainichi Nyorai and G o d... 129 1. The Cosmic Buddha, Dainichi Nyorai... 132 1.1 Six Main Characteristics... 132 1) One Great Buddha... 132 2) Two Main V irtues... 133 3) Three States of the Compassionate M ind... 134 4) Four Aspects of His Esoteric Body... 135 5) Five Steps to Wisdom... 136 6) Master of the Six Great Elements... 137 1.2 The Empty M ind... 138 2. Dainichi Nyorai and the One God... 142 2.1 God of Creation... 143 2.2 The Experience of God as Emptiness... 144 2.3 The God of Buddhism... 146 3. Monism versus Dualism?... 151 3.1 Some Basic Differences... 152 3.2 Monistic Thinking within Christian Dualist Thinking... 152 1) The Name of God Is "One"... 153 2) A Felt Unity with the Neighbor... 154 3.3 Non-dualistic Thinking... 155
Chapter 6: Two Mandalas, Two N atu res... 157 1. Unity of Wisdom and Compassion... 157 1.1 Wisdom World: Importance of Observation... 158 1.2 World of Compassion: Importance of Offering... 162 1.3 Unification of the Two Mandalas... 166 2. Unity of Jesus Human and Divine N atures... 171 2.1 Christology from Below (Human Wisdom)... 172 2.2 Christology from Above (Divine Compassion)... 173 2.3 The Mystery of Jesus Christ... 175 3. Unification of Absolute and Relative T ru th... 178 3.1 Meditation and Phenomenology... 179 3.2 Tendai Buddhist Meditation and the Phenomenological Method... 180 3.3 Universality of the Method... 182 3.4 Unification of Relative and Absolute T ru th... 187 C hapter 7: The Three Powers and the Power of Grace... 191 1. The Union of the Three Powers... 192 1.1 The Power of Merits (Power of Doing Good)... 192 1.2 The Kaji Power of Nyorai (Power of Faith)... 193 1.3 The Power of Dharma World (Power of Truth)... 194 1.4 Kaji of the Three Powers... 198 2. The Three Powers and G race... 203 2.1 Meriting Grace... 205 2.2 Actual Grace... 208 2.3 Sanctifying Grace... 210 2.4 The Power of Sacraments... 215 3. God/Buddha and Human Being... 220 3.1 Trinitarian Structure of Mystical Rituals... 220 3.2 Practice of Mystical Rituals... 226 3.3 Divine Cooperation... 227
Conclusion: A World o f Non-Duality 231 Picture Credits... 245 Indexes... 247