Process Challenges in Human Systems Integration

Process Challenges in Human Systems Integration Elaine M. Thorpe Technical Fellow Human Systems Integration, Functional Skill Team Lead NDIA HSI Committee Meet June 9, 2009 elaine.m.thorpe@boeing.com (562) 384-4505 BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company. Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 1

Bio Elaine Thorpe is a Boeing Technical Fellow in the area of Human Systems Integration (HSI). She Leads the HSI Functional Skill Team, which seeks to define common processes, products, tools & training for HSI engineers across the Boeing Enterprise. Elaine also serves as a technology scout for the Global Technology organization, which reports to the Boeing Chief Technology Officer. Elaine has worked at Boeing for 22 years, providing operator interface support to IDS, BCA, and Phantom Works programs. She is currently assigned to the C-130 Avionics Modernization Program (AMP) Advanced Design group. Elaine holds an MS degree in Industrial Engineering/Human Factors from the State University of New York at Buffalo, and a BS degree in Psychology Sciences from Buffalo State College. Elaine enjoys playing music and tennis, and developing a pistachio orchard with her family. Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 2

Overview of HSI at Boeing Human System Integration (HSI) We are a culmination of skills who work within a System Engineering environment to apply knowledge of human physical, cognitive, and cultural characteristics in the development and testing of DoD, Commercial, and Space systems. - human factors, psychology, - biomedical, industrial engr, - supportability, maintainability - aerospace engineers, ex-flight & ground operators Our goal is to define safe and effective interfaces between a system or equipment and the people who operate, produce, maintain, train on and support it. We are a design function; our work spans a program life-cycle We support programs, proposals, research and technology development. Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 3

Overview of HSI at Boeing HSI Personnel Offer Boeing-wide Support Southern California Puget Sound St. Louis Mesa Wichita Philadelphia Huntsville Houston Approximately 280 HSI Engineers Across Boeing 126 SMEs Aerospace Physiology Crew Accommodation Cockpits and Displays Lighting Layout Virtual Environments 40 HSI Engineers in the Technical Excellence Program KSC FLA Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 4

Overview of HSI at Boeing HSI Overview, cont d Most Visible Traditional Products flight deck design/controls & display definition workstation layouts for optimal reach, vision & usability anthropometric and User Population Accommodation human modeling & ergonomics personnel protective gear design for flight and maintainer crews factory ergonomics What we worry about today Information & Knowledge Management Situation Awareness & Workload Impacts on Human Performance Expanding mission complexity on shrinking crew complements Time Critical Decision Making Accommodation of Nearly 100% User Population, cross-cultural Immersive Simulation Environments to Emulate Actual Mission and Crew Behavior Software Modeling of Human Decision Making and Control A Tech-savvy user population due to PCs & Gaming Industry Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 5

Boeing HSI FST HSI Functional Skill Team Charter & Activities HSI FST is an Enterprise-wide Skill team of HSI engineers who Define processes, products, training and tools to optimize the development of operator interfaces for DoD, Commercial & Space Systems. Establish and document Common Processes that define the functional role of HSI, our tools and products that ensure best usability of all Boeing products. Define & Maintain technical competency by developing training courses for all HSI skill areas Support Tech Review Boards, Non-Advocate Reviews, Staffing Needs SME Leads on Human Subjects Review Board, US Health & Human Services Products and Activities formal Boeing Process Guidance docs for HSI Design Process, and our salient products Reqts Capt & Dev, Workload Assessment, HEPP, HSIPP, HEDAD-O, HEDAD-M, etc Develop Training Curriculums for task performance, personnel development & tool use Maintain Tools to allow training & HSI product development Input to Company Level Templates: SEMP, Boeing PROs/BPGs, SSOW, SEPM Support Skill Management Codes & Competencies Tech Fellow Utilization Support all SE FST Process Guides & SE Function Initiatives: Get to Blue, Lean +, Program Partnership, Program Hot Start, Proposal Checklist Good exposure of HSI across SE Function, Programs, and Boeing Business Units We re popular! Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 6

Boeing HSI FST HSI FST within Boeing SE Function Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 7

HSI Process Challenges Traditional MIL-H-46855B, Human Engineering Requirements for Military Systems, Equipment and Facilities Follows Classic Systems Engineering Process Data Item Descriptions & CDRLs (HEPP, Gross/Critical Task Analysis, HEDAD-O, HEDAD-M, etc) Requirements I N P U T S Reqts Dev & Analysis Design & Devel Test, Eval & Verif O U T P U T S HSI Products Today DOD 5000.02 HSI. Operator-Centric product design 8* Domains, integrate Manpower, Personnel, Training, Human Factors, System Safety, Environment & Occupational Health, Survivability, and Habitability for a total system of systems solution) DIDs in work/recently released (HSIPP) * Number may vary per Service Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 8 Requirements I N P U T S Reqts Dev & Analysis DoD HSI Domains Design & Devel Test, Eval & Verif O U T P U T S HSI Products

HSI Organization in SE vs DoD 5000.02 Domains Engineering Functions Electrical Engineering Factory Support Engr Flight Software Engineering Systems Engineering Materials/Proc & Physics Mechanical/ Structures Product Lifecycle Mgmt Test & Evaluation SE Mgmt Cert/ Qual HSI R,M & S Health SE Meas & Contrl Modeling & Sim System Security FSTs Affordability Com/ Network Ops/Sys Analysis Sys Architect Valid/ Verif System Safety Customer Engr DoD5000.02 HSI Domains Manpower Training Environmental Safety & Occupational Health Survivability Personnel System Safety Human Factors Habitability Not all Domains are within SE or under Boeing HSI RAA (Responsibility, Approval Authority) Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 9

How are the Domains Related? Habitability Share analysis results Personnel Hazards Human Error Analysis Design and Performance Criteria Inputs to Hazard Analysis System Safety Safety & Health Environmental and Occupational Health ESOH Available Space and Arrangement Berthing and Hygiene Rqmts User Interface Design Requirements Hazard Analysis Results Human Factors Job, Duty & Task Job, Duty and Task Descriptions Operator Scenarios Task Analysis Data Scenarios Task Analysis Data User Interface Design Support User Interface Design Support Task and Workload Analysis Data Skill and Aptitude Rqmts Task Analysis Data Training Skill and Aptitude Rqmts Feedback Feed- Personnel Share analysis results Design and Performance Criteria Inputs to Survivability Analysis SA Analysis Results System, Job and User Interface design Person Levels per Mission/Ergonomic Criteria Feedback No. of Personnel Feedback Survivability Analysis results No. of Personnel Survivability Survivability analysis results Manpower Manpower No. of Personnel Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 10

Observations from Boeing/Industry Traditional Human Engineering process vs DoD5000.02 HSI structure Consistency across DoD Services enables consistency in industry HSI structure & design process Consider overlap & accommodation with commercial/faa practices Domains not all included in Systems Engineering Function--should SE re-organize? Process drives scope & cost into small programs; the HSI process must be tailorable Boeing HSI Process is company-wide (military, commercial, space) & must accommodate 5000.02 Specialty Engineering moniker limits the importance & upfront prominence of HSI Our work spans the entire program lifecycle & addresses the critical interfaces of Operator Centric design Consider break away from Specialty Engr; make HSI it s own entity KPP (or other directly measured metric) elevates a Program s HSI effort Well defined Competencies support good work products and position HSI for growth to future, technology, staffing, and training roadmaps Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 11

Observations from Boeing/Industry, cont d HSI/HFE/Crew Station Design unevenly practiced across Industry Boeing is improving Human Systems Integration vs Humans Integrating Systems Do we have the best name? Impact of Milestone B on changing requirements downstream per Program activities that typically occur late upon design maturation Workload studies, sim trials, verification, flight test Also on To Do List Perform HSI Industry Benchmarking of all Subject Areas Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 12

HSI at the Organizational Level HSI is a System Engineering/Horizontal Integration effort with requirements throughout the acquisition cycle and across many disciplines HSI is a technical management function. It is not a discipline. HSI best resides in SE box Placed so that each user interface design decision and modification is given HSI consideration Established early in acquisition, no later than SDD Is a part of early trade off and function allocation decisions HSI has representation across various IPTs HSI sits on Engineering Review Board A comprehensive HSI technical management plan and process is established and documented in the SEMP HSI Audit Trail established HSI performance is tracked Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 13

HSI at the HSI Task Level Maintains strong interrelationships across HSI Domains throughout design (regardless of where the domain personnel are in the organizational structure) Communicate, Coordinate, Inform Each Domain participates in HSI integration meetings Domains do their job but HSI integrates, trades, and levels requirements Active Customer/End-user involvement This includes the activities and products of Manpower, Personnel, Training, Human Factors, Safety, Environmental and Occupational Health, Habitability, and Personal Survivability experts Logs, coordinates, tracks, and documents HSI issues and resolutions Conducts proactive within-domain trade studies Conducts cross-domain trade studies Ensures that sufficient time and resources have been allocated to coordinate analyses and planned operational test and evaluation events Reviews the logistics concept to ensure that it is synchronized with all domain and training concepts Provide Manpower Analysis Participate in HSI Trade Studies Coordinates with Affordability for LCC estimates Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 14

Industry - Customer Issues Industry - Customer must work together during program planning and negotiations to establish: Clear, verifiable HSI requirements in all domains Contract deliverables representing each of the domains HSI DIDs HSIPP (DI-HFAC-81743), HSIR (TBD) HFE deliverables not present in several HSI programs Agreement on the content/format of deliverables, including customer tailoring HSI role in T&E Mechanisms/tools for including all domains, and metrics for domain trade offs Expectations for customer participation in HSI Working Groups and End-user evaluations Maintain HFE as a domain, it is not replaced with HSI activity INCOSE, GEIA, and NDIA to work together to establish a common HSI approach Organizational structure can impede integration efforts DoDI 5000.2 (2008) Enclosure 12 does not include HSI, only ESOH Manpower, Personnel, and Training activity is under Personnel/Logistics Copyright 2009 Boeing. All rights reserved. NDIA June 09_E.Thorpe 15