Academic Journal of Research in Economics & Management www.newscienceseries.com Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2013, 37-41 ISSN: 2311-3278 Investigating the effect of information technology on the production and operation Amir Karimbakhsh Abstract anage IT environments ranging from manufacturing to the total levels design, construction and customer relationship influences. In this context, new concepts such as electronics products producing internet, based, virtual engineering and virtual factories considered. In trend, produce that from client a distinguished and to the customer ends with benefiting from information technology hair effect of forcing promotion efficiency levels and effectiveness will be. In other word, the steps needed to get marketing and customer and specification mining engineering and product design, simulation activities associated with the product and planning,quality control and customer delivery of all information technology has effected all the way. Abstract Keywords: Information technology, intelligent systems, integrated production Corresponding author: M.Sc student in Business Administration, Islamic Azad University, Rasht branch, Alikarimbakhsh@yahoo.com
Karimbakhsh 38 Introduction It is a branch of technology using hardware and software as well as software and networking and application of data procession IT in the storage, handling, the management control and data transmission is possible (montazer, 2003). IT governance (ITG) board is responsible. IT governance is an integral part of management, including governance structures and processes and organize. to ensure that IT supports the organizations goals and strategy development is wet or not? negative experiences of managers employing this technology include loss of credit,delay in delivery and in efficiency of the main processes of the organization and its IT organization and its initial failure to operate the governance for these reasons, the strategic importance of information technology in organization was to be found. IT governance IT performance to ensure achievement of the goal was to :aligning IT with the organization of promised benefits. -employing IT to empower organization to make the most out of the opportunities and benefits. -to effectively utilize IT resources. -proper management of risks associated with IT IT administrators usually have several layers of administrators,supervisors and managers reporting to the ceo and the board of directors monthly deviations from targets are the and in order to deal with them and work to be done with the approval. Objectives and interactions with IT related activities is shown in figured and can be applied in multieple layers throughout the organization (brown and Jeanne, 2009). Information Technology In Product Design And Analysis IT in all stages of the design and simulation and analysis and testing of the product is great. Work in the field of computer aided design lead tools are examples of such an effect is use of artificial intelligence application areas of information systems and IT design. today computers can use the knowledge gained from the experience of experts to assist in the design process (taregh, 2002). Due to the geographical aspects of computer networks that eliminates the possibility of further interactions between design teams and product analysis provided and collaborative design can be carried out. IT in planning process production the sequence of operations planning process to produce apiece include: selection of machines operations devices materials, etc. IT can also provide help in this case. for example, intelligent information systems can be used in computer aided process planning (capp). If your computer is used in the field of artificial intelligence planning process without human intervention to deal. IT Planning And Control Planning and control of production and inventory control and planning, including planning and material control and planning and controlling the operations of an IT,based methods take advantage of (frahmand, 2004). For example, commodity inspection, using computers and computer use in quality control and information technology operations by taking advantage of web,based monitor of the remote is also possible. IT In Manufacturing The production process also utilizes a pc based computer numerical control machines and the direct numerical control machines and the direct numerical control systems intelligent adaptive control and ligaments are examples of applying ICT (taregh, 2002). Use of information technology in the production process and the great flexibility of flexible manufacturing systems creates. Rapid prototyping is a technology with the aim of production rapid initial physical sample of the product which has been designed using computer technique. Computer Integrated Manufacturing The approach utilizes computer systems in all activities, both within a companies financial and administrative support and production management, engineering and manufacturing of computer integrated manufacturing is known as. Limited to the boundaries of the plant.this approach is undoubtedly a major step in the production of the impact of information technology as. The automation and factory automation will lead to.
39 Academic Journal of Research in Economics & Management Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2013 Some of the goal of automation is: -improving quality -reducing production costs -capacity and volume production -increased accuracy in the manufacturing process -improving workers employment -increase the amount of sales THE AUTOMATION OF THE PRODUCTION METHODS ARE: IN CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION. This product is manufactured in volumes and average prices such as chemical plants. MASS PRODUCTION. This product is produced in high volume and low price such of home appliances such as assembly plants. IN BATCH PRODUCTION. This products is produced with relatively low and relatively high price such machine works similar companies. COMPUTER BASED BUSINESS INTEGRATION The approach utilizes a computer on all the activities that a company is limited to the boundaries of the plant. The development of integrated computer based information technology business tend to in this model including customers and suppliers outside the factory is also manufacturing activities and the environment are connected through a computer network (nasirzade and gasmzad, 2002). EXTENDED ENTERPRIES The approach results in the formation of new IT business model network to be developed. The factory as a manufacturing firm to other firms manufacturing can also be connected via computer network and their operation will benefit from them(martin,1994). This model includes all of the benefits of such approaches or methods of producing world class- concurrent engineering lean manufacturing production time material requirements planning and the exchange of information electronically in recent decades there has been (martin, 1994). ENTERPRISE RESOURSCE PLANING MRP- material requirements planning is a means of plant determine the amount of material needed to produced the desired item is highlighted. Thence MRPII after the concept is broader than MRP is provided in this model but the plan was not only limited tools manpower,etc are considered and approach that can be used to produce (taregh, 2002). But more recent views on the planed use of it is an ERP enterprise resource planning. The tribe as a business look better than the factory according to customer requirements and planning and ordering is done based on. This is way the ERP approach based on customer manufacturing assembly on order or engineer to order IT resource are interconnected by a system with precision and speed and quality control plan administrators will and includes a number of basic data collection project management logistics and procurement human resources finance production subsystems subsystems administration human resource management system is under (montazer, 2003). Today most manufacturing companies are looking to us ERP and SAP too many such ORACEL ERP implements software products and the sale will. Develop a unified application that meets the needs of all employees in the financial field it is not easy for human and administrative. Each of the parts of a computer system to do their own interest are usually is optimized for the performance of its tasks. But you must remember that all systems ERP and combine in the form of as software application integrated with database different parts can be used to share data and communicate with each other easier. For example consider a customer order usually when a customer places an order for products ordered his paper work is entered. All company and often during the course of the process is logged in the computer parts staying paper and re enter information in computer systems led to delays and errors in the order they are lost or. however no one in the company is aware of the status of the order in time. Because the store does not have access to a computer system such as the financial sector cannot imagine for the customer sent or not. ERP old and individual computer systems in different fields like finance and human resources produced out of
Karimbakhsh 40 built in storage and replace them with a unified application that is divided in to sections of different software systems. This section is almost the same as the old and individual acts. Financial and storage units,etc, each computer system is still. The difference is that now these systems are linked to gather so that for example the financial sector can gain access to the storage to see whether or not the customer has been sent. ERP additional software provided by vendors is flexible enough to be able to install your parts without having to buy the entire bundle is for example financial or human resources departments of many companies just install the software and install ERP to the future. ASSOCIATED WITH SUPPLY CHIN MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANING AND CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT Supply chain management and customer relationship concept so it is important that the attention of organizations because customers and suppliers as the most important elements of a business relationship with the firm is. they can support the realization of a particular software was designed to work ERP products were presented at the beginning of this section includes not only internal systems in an organization comprised in other words they did not support the communication process with customers and suppliers and a bridge between supply chain management and customer relationship management were. but these sectors also added newer ERP (fathian and mahdavi, 2003) ASSOCIATED WITH E- COMMERCE ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANING Today customers and suppliers who wish to obtain the same information through the electronic trading platform through which workers gain systems ERP information including customer the level of inventory and billing data sets are the only difference is that customers and suppliers will find this information very easily without knowing the detailed of the software through the internet site to obtain ERP. this means that the two new access channels is provided in ERP one for customers and one for suppliers and partners these two types of data from ERP demand system. Customer order status and billing information if you want a lot information about the suppliers and partners saying their demands. But ERP complex systems that are not designed for public use for this assumption is that users have the necessary training one of the most difficult issues ERP integration white e- commerce is that the internet will not ever stop. ERP large and complex applications that require improvements or bug fixes if ERP is directly connected to the internet can work independently ERP and temporarily disable bugging in internet sites will work most experts of the flexible link between ERP and e- commerce are set.erp to the system in order to fix bugs or update would work well in internet application e-commerce can be conducted. ADVANTAGES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN MANUFACTURING -reduce product delivery time -reduce costs and increase accuracy -promote the role of human activities -information quickly and accurately -closely with customers -close relationship with material suppliers -product flexibility and customization possibilities - ability to work closely with partners in all productive activities -increase productivity to compete in the world rehabilitation -intelligent process that will lead to wards a smart factory -concurrent engineering support means to make simultaneous connections associated with the production and distribution of. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND QUALITY CONTROL Traditionally the task of quality control procedures using manual inspection and statistical sampling procedures have been manual methods are generally time consuming and requires skilled personnel
41 Academic Journal of Research in Economics & Management Vol. 1, No. 3, October 2013 and spend carefully also these methods often exposed piece of machinery was removed and transferred to a separate area. this causes a delay or threat sometimes timing is generated (roter,1999. Computer assisted quality control in what is now known as the use of the computing capabilities sensor artificial vision systems artificial intelligence and expert systems techniques in the inspection and testing of components (nily and associates, 2002). ISLANDS OF ICT EQUIPMENT This is one of the advantage of computer integrated manufacturing themes that inform the design of future in production and assembly is required in other words it is to be done in such away that the product design and production and assembly of the equipment should be readily available there is a possible also part of the data integrity of the data and program changes occurred outcomes throughout the system and the system is optimized with respect to the new conditions the total integration time and improve systems performance improves significantly reduces component. But in the mean time there is problem. Since automation islands formed separately for each specific problem or automatic a certain process has been developed establish the relationship between them is difficult and bother some (hil &michel,2002). Miller & colleagues linking islands of automation in three types of integration are considered essential: -TECHNICAL INTEGRATION: the electronic communication between different areas of operational focus. -INTEGRATION PROCEDURES :when it comes to a unified view on how to interpret the data in different groups are operating (akavan, 2002) -INTEGRATION IN TARGET: are achieved when the various operational areas or islands of automation of data and information sharing to achieve their common goals among the efforts to establish a standard procedure for the efforts to establish a standard procedure for the production of integrated production systems were European strategic programe for the realization of project evaluation and development and information technology is one of the move interesting. Conclusions IT governance is an integral part of business management is an integral part of interminable, the leading IT roles and responsibilities need to be clearly identified and committees including the steering committee (at executive level) and strategy committee (at the managerial level) is formed. Than a plan is needed to implement navigation like cobit. in this paper we explain and illustrate the subject of computer integrated manufacturing systems and structures advantages is both design and production planning production control- quality and its role in this case was explained in general it can be said that information technology has led to new ways of reducing costs to improve the quality and speed of production is produced. References Akavan, o. 2002. part of the companies IT master plan alborz, master thesis department of industry science and technology.17. 22-23 Brown, carlo. And janne, wross. 2009. the IT organization of the 21 th century, moving to a process based orientation Fathian, m and nor, h. 2004. towards the information society,(2red.ed), cultural and artistic institute dibagar. Farahmand, N. 2004. Management of technology, (2red.ed) publication frozesh. Hil and michell. 2002. impact on the information society, thenature and valu of the use of information technology, (4red.ed),translated, nikonerym publication chapar. Martin, Michel. jc. 1999. managing innovation and enterperneurship in technology frims, interscience Montazer, g. 2003. information technology,(2red.ed), research information technology, university tarbit modares. Nasirzad, g. and gasmzade, h. 2002. technology development articles in national and businesss. 12, 15-16 Nily, m. 2002.industrial development strategy, (2red.ed).center for academic publication. roter, g. 1999. information technology. eindhowen university of technology. Taregh, k. 2002. management of technology (3red.ed).translation, melat parast,m,center technology.