The University of Vermont A BENCHMARKING STUDY USING PEER AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

The University of Vermont A BENCHMARKING STUDY USING PEER AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS August 2005

Document Prepared by: PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Denver, Colorado Daniel K. Paulien, President Yvonne M. Thibodeau, Associate Frank A. Markley, Associate Acknowledgments to: The University of Vermont John Bramley, Senior Vice President, Provost Robert Vaughan, Director, Capital Planning and Management Michelle Mullarkey, Assistant to the Director, Capital Planning and Management Linda Seavey, Director, Campus Planning Services Joanna Carney, Campus Space Manager Susan Greenhalgh, Consultant We also want to express our gratitude to those individuals at the benchmark institutions who expended their time and effort to participate in this benchmarking survey. Without their assistance, this study would not have been possible.

A BENCHMARKING STUDY USING PEER AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS August 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 1.1 Campuswide Benchmarking Results...1 1.2 Research Benchmarking Results...2 1.3 College and School Level Results...2 2.0 OBJECTIVE... 5 3.0 PROCESS... 5 3.1 Identification of Institutions and Survey Development...5 3.2 Survey Distribution and Collection of Responses...6 3.3 Benchmarking Defined...7 3.4 Benchmarking Analysis...8 3.5 Assumptions and Conditions Used in This Analysis...9 4.1 Total ASF per Student FTE...11 4.2 Total ASF per Full-time (FT) Faculty...12 4.3 Research ASF and R&D Expenditures per Full-time Faculty Headcount...13 4.4 College/School Benchmark Analysis...14 4.4.1 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences...15 4.4.2 College of Arts and Sciences...17 4.4.3 School of Business Administration...19 4.4.4 College of Education and Social Services...21 4.4.5 College of Engineering and Mathematics...23 4.4.6 College of Engineering, Excluding Mathematics...24 4.4.7 College of Medicine...27 4.4.8 Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources...29 4.4.9 College of Nursing and Health Sciences...31 4.5 Related Benchmarking Findings Campuswide Spaces...33 4.5.1 Classrooms...33 4.5.2 University Library...34 APPENDICES APPENDIX A COVER LETTER TO BENCHMARK INSTITUTIONS, QUESTIONNAIRE, AND INSTRUCTIONS... 37 APPENDIX B GLOSSARY OF TERMS... 41

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT A BENCHMARKING STUDY USING PEER AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS prepared by PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. AUGUST 2005 As part of a larger study, the University of Vermont (UVM) retained Paulien & Associates, Inc. to conduct a peer and comparative analysis using benchmarking techniques. University planning staff approved 13 institutions from a list of more than 30 colleges and universities to form the sample of this study, The 13 comparison universities were selected based on similarity of academic units as compared to UVM. In each case, the main or flagship campus was selected for evaluation. The institutions were divided into three categories,,, and. This report compared assignable square feet (ASF) at the college and school level in the three categories of institutions. Student FTE enrollment and full-time faculty were used to normalize the space data. Student FTE enrollment, full-time faculty headcount, and detailed physical space data by college and school were secured from each of the institutions by an electronic spreadsheet. The 13 selected institutions were contacted via email and/or telephone and asked to participate in the study. Twelve of the universities provided information for this study, a response rate of 92%. As a note, percentage comparisons between benchmarked institutions and UVM were calculated as the percent above or below UVM's stated number. The following summarizes the key results of the benchmarking analysis. 1.1 CAMPUSWIDE BENCHMARKING RESULTS Benchmark Institutions University of Michigan - Ann Arbor University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill Pennsylvania State University - State College University of Virginia - Charlottesville University of Wisconsin - Madison University of Connecticut - Storrs University of Delaware - Newark Kansas State University - Manhattan University of Massachusetts - Amherst Oklahoma State University - Stillwater University of Rhode Island - Kingston Boston University Cornell University - Ithaca The five, (institutions that UVM aspires to become more like) had the highest Total ASF and Student FTE, followed by, and. UVM is below the combined benchmarked averages. On average, the five Aspirant institutions reported 8,426,593 total campus ASF, slightly less than three times the average amount of space of the five while the two were about twice the total ASF of the Peer Group. Total campus ASF for UVM was calculated at 1,930,806 ASF or 198% below the combined average of benchmarked institutions. The twelve benchmark institutions represented a wide diversity with respect to Student FTE enrollment. Student FTE reflects the number of credit hours or units taught for each subject or discipline, regardless of declared major. Ranges varied from a high of 39,246 FTE at Pennsylvania State University to a low of PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 1

11,867 FTE at the University of Rhode Island. The average Student FTE for all 12 benchmark institutions was 23,378 FTE, considerably higher than UVM s 9,647 student FTE. ASF/Student FTE 300 250 200 150 100 ASF/Student FTE Comparisons UVM Peer's All When total ASF was standardized by Student FTE, UVM s ASF/FTE ratio was 39% lower than the (200 vs. 279 ASF/FTE) but 13% higher than the Peer Groups average of 175 ASF/FTE. In direct comparison to the average of all benchmark institutions combined, UVM was 38 ASF/FTE or 19% lower. These results are presented graphically in the chart labeled ASF/Student FTE Comparisons. 50 ASF/Faculty Comparisons 0 When total ASF is standardized by full-time faculty, UVM s ratio was lower than the average of each benchmark group. UVM s 1,968 ASF/Faculty was 75% less than the and 54% less than the five. On average, UVM had 1,288 ASF per faculty or 65% less space per full-time faculty than of all benchmark institutions combined. ASF/Faculty 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 Peer's UVM All 1.2 RESEARCH BENCHMARKING RESULTS In this comparative analysis, all research laboratory spaces (academic and administrative) were combined and normalized by the number of full-time faculty, creating total research lab ASF per full-time faculty. The range of research laboratory ASF per full-time faculty extended from a low of 192 ASF/Faculty at Boston University to a high of 844 ASF/Faculty at the University of Wisconsin. Overall, UVM with 299 ASF/Faculty was below the average of each group. For example, UVM had 51% less space per faculty than combined benchmark institutions. The benchmarked institutions designated 451 ASF/Faculty to research space, compared to 299 ASF/Faculty at UVM. When total R&D expenditures (FY 2002) were analyzed, the 12 institutions, with a combined average $139,164 of R&D expenditures per full-time faculty, were more productive than UVM s $90,318 in R&D expenditures per faculty. 1.3 COLLEGE AND SCHOOL LEVEL RESULTS Each benchmark institution provided detailed space data at the college and school level. Since no two universities had the same organizational structure and academic departments, data from more than 75 unique colleges and schools were collected from the 12 universities. Colleges and schools that were not direct comparisons to UVM s programs are not summarized in this report. Each college was analyzed for comparability with UVM s six colleges and two schools. This summary provides an overview of the results. Detailed findings are described in the main body of the report. Chart No. 1 illustrates graphically the results of the analysis. Each of eight colleges and schools at UVM are listed across the bottom of the graph. The solid line represents the high and low ASF per Student FTE for each program as secured from the selected institutions. The middle of the triangle delineates UVM s ASF for that college or school. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 2

As an example, for the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, the highest point on the vertical line (611 ASF/FTE) was reported by Penn State University while the lowest point on the vertical line (279 ASF/FTE) was reported by the University of Delaware. The College of Agriculture and Life Sciences within the University of Vermont was calculated at 376 ASF/FTE, as noted by the triangle in the Chart No. 1. Colleges and Schools of Agriculture, Engineering & Math, and Medicine had the largest variance in ASF per Student FTE, suggesting inclusion of other programs and activities within these colleges. There is also the issue of how on-campus land grant mission functions are incorporated with these colleges. On the other hand, Arts and Sciences, Education, Nursing, Environment & Natural Resources, and Business Administration are more tightly clustered. Chart No. 1 Comparative Analysis of College/School Summary by Student FTE ASF per Student FTE 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Peer High/Low Range UVM Agriculture and Life Sciences Arts & Sciences Education and Social Services Engineering & Math Nursing & Health Sciences Environment & Natural Resources Business Administration Medicine Campus Total Peer Rankings of UVM Schools and Colleges ASF/Student FTE College/School Total Number of Institutions In Analysis UVM Overall Ranking Among Institutions Agriculture and Life Sciences 8 6th Arts and Sciences 13 13th Business Administration 13 8th Education and Social Services 12 7th Engineering and Mathematics 12 12th Environment and Natural Resources 3 3rd Medicine 6 4th Nursing and Health Sciences 8 3rd per student range when compared to benchmark institutions. The College of Nursing and Health Sciences ASF per student was calculated to be 12% above benchmark institution averages. The benchmark average is noted as approximately the middle of the high/low range. Total ASF per Student FTE for two of UVM s Colleges and Schools were slightly below comparable benchmark institutions. The Colleges of Agriculture and Life Sciences (21% below average), and the College of Medicine (6% less than average) were below the average of the square feet PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 3

Three UVM schools and colleges were below benchmark averages. The School of Business Administration (106% below average), the College of Arts and Sciences, (71% below average), and the College of Education and Social Services, (39% below average) were further below the average of the square feet per student range when compared to benchmark institutions. Two UVM programs were considered to be at the lower end of the benchmark average. These include the College of Engineering and Mathematics (183% below average) and the School of Environment and Natural Resources (131% below average). A summary of rankings is provided in the previous table. UVM, along with the other benchmark institutions in the study, was rank ordered in terms of ASF/Student FTE. For the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, a total of eight institutions (including UVM) were included in the benchmark study. UVM s program ranked sixth among the eight universities in ASF/Student FTE. Detailed comparative analysis by space categories are discussed in the report body. Benchmark comparisons of campus classrooms and library spaces were also collected and analyzed in this report. Comparative tables are located in the last section of this report. When ASF per full-time faculty is summarized, the results are mixed: UVM s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and the School of Environment and Natural Resources was near the lower middle of benchmark averages. The benchmark average is noted as approximately the middle of the high/low range. If Animal Quarters, Field Buildings, and Greenhouses are removed from the comparison, UVM drops lower in the Agriculture comparative rankings. All of the other Colleges and Schools were well below benchmark averages with respect to ASF/Faculty. The College of Engineering and Mathematics was 233% below benchmark institutions ASF/Faculty average and was outside of the high/low range. Similar findings were found for the College of Education and Social Sciences, and the College of Medicine. ASF per Faculty Headcount Chart No. 2 Comparative Analysis of College/School Summary by Faculty Headcount 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 Peer High/Low Range UVM 0 Agriculture and Life Sciences Arts & Sciences Education and Social Services Engineering & Math Nursing & Health Sciences Environment & Natural Resources Business Administration Medicine Campus Total Similar to ASF per Student FTE comparisons, detailed analysis of ASF per faculty, including space categories, are discussed in the report body. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 4

2.0 OBJECTIVE In March of 2004, the University of Vermont retained Paulien & Associates, Inc. to conduct a classroom and laboratory utilization and space needs analysis. This benchmarking study was included as an integral part of the project. Authorization to proceed with the benchmarking study in the Fall of 2004 followed. The focal point of this study is the University of Vermont. This report contains peer and comparative analyses using benchmarking techniques with 12 of the 13 selected institutions; which included five and five. Two Private Institutions were also used to obtain a broader range of values. The objective of this study is to analyze how UVM s existing space at the college/school level compares to each of the selected benchmark institutions. 3.0 PROCESS 3.1 IDENTIFICATION OF INSTITUTIONS AND SURVEY DEVELOPMENT At the onset of this study, UVM identified 20 public institutions and 14 private institutions that were potential inclusions into the benchmark study. Of the 20 public peers and aspirants, 12 were "peers" and 8 were "aspirants". The 12 peers were derived from a Table No. 1 Initial List of Institutions for Benchmarking Study multivariate statistical analysis (cluster analysis) using 125 Public Institutions UVM Status Clemson University Peer variables (admissions, quality, enrollment, degrees awarded, Kansas State University Peer faculty, salary, financial, etc.). The 8 aspirants were schools Miami University-Oxford Peer Oklahoma State University-Main Campus Peer were identified using several criteria: some were previously SUNY at Albany Peer identified with UVM as a "public ivy"; strong national SUNY at Binghamton Peer University of Connecticut Peer reputation; similarity of mission; survey of UVM deans for University of Delaware Peer schools they viewed as aspirants for both UVM and their University of Maine Peer University of Massachusetts-Amherst Peer specific college or school. The private institutions provided University of New Hampshire-Main Campus Peer by UVM were selected based on multi-year trends in the University of Rhode Island Peer Washington State University Peer volume cross-applications and cross-admits with the College of William and Mary Aspirant University of Vermont. The initial list of institutions is Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus Aspirant illustrated in Table No. 1. University of Colorado at Boulder Aspirant University of Michigan-Ann Arbor Aspirant University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Aspirant University of Virginia-Main Campus Aspirant University of Wisconsin-Madison Aspirant Private Colleges and Universities Boston College Boston University Bucknell University Cornell University Dartmouth College Ithaca College Middlebury College Northeastern University Skidmore College St. Lawrence University St. Michael's College Syracuse University Tufts University University of Rochester Source: UVM Office of Institutional Studies Since the objective of the study was to analyze how UVM s existing space at the college/school level compared to each of the selected benchmark institutions, the consultant developed a matrix for each institution, highlighting similarities of schools and colleges that were aligned with UVM. The institutions that closely mirrored UVM s academic structure were selected for the benchmark study. UVM planning staff approved the final list before commencing with the study. The final list of institutions is noted in Table No. 2. With the exceptions of the University of Michigan, University of North Carolina, University of Virginia, and Boston University, all the institutions in the study are land grant universities. Once the list of benchmark institutions was finalized, Paulien & Associates, Inc. developed a list of facilities data needed to conduct the benchmarking study. An electronic spreadsheet was developed, along with an explanatory cover letter, detailed instructions, and Glossary of Terms. A copy of the Peer Analysis Questionnaire, letter of introduction, and instructions are included in Appendix A while the Glossary of Terms is included in Appendix B. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 5

3.2 SURVEY DISTRIBUTION AND COLLECTION OF RESPONSES The electronic spreadsheet requested space data in assignable square feet (ASF) at the college, school, unit, or division level by space categories based on room use codes as outlined in the National Center for Education Statistics Postsecondary Education Facilities Inventory and Classification Manual. The questionnaire also queried for total campus ASF as well as pooled/centralized classrooms, residential, university library, athletics, and physical education/recreation spaces. The electronic spreadsheet was customized for each institution by highlighting the specific colleges/schools unique to each university that was selected for this study. UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT PEER BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS Table No. 2 Benchmark Institution List Institution Participation Level Analysis Level Missing Data Source Boston University Full College/school N/A Institution University of Connecticut - Storrs Full College/School N/A Institution Cornell University - Ithaca Full College/School N/A Institution University of Delaware - Newark Full College/School N/A Institution Kansas State University - Manhattan Full College/School N/A Institution University of Massachusetts - Amherst Nonparticipant None All N/A University of Michigan - Ann Arbor Full College/School N/A Institution University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill Full College/School N/A Institution Oklahoma State University - Stillwater Full College/School N/A Institution Pennsylvania State University - University Park Full College/School N/A Institution University of Rhode Island - Kingston Full College/School N/A Institution University of Virginia - Charlottesville Full College/School N/A Institution University of Wisconsin - Madison Full College/School N/A Institution The consultant asked each participant to supply full-time faculty headcount and student full-time equivalent (FTE) data. In some cases, this information was verified by the consultants to reduce errors. It should be noted that FTE was calculated based on the number of credits or units generated in each subject or discipline, regardless of a student s major. For example, a student majoring in engineering who took two English courses would have those student credits stay with the English Department in the College of Arts and Sciences. Survey Distribution and Collection of Responses The consultants organized names, phone numbers, and email contacts for campus representatives at each of the 13 identified institutions. Surveys were sent electronically to higher level administrators (vice chancellors, vice presidents) who were able to make concrete decisions about participation in the study. In some cases, surveys were sent to the University Architect s office or representatives of the physical planning office. To maximize the number of positive responses, whenever possible, questionnaires were sent to the person on campus with whom the consultants had previously been acquainted. Respondents were given approximately three weeks to complete the survey. After the survey had been sent to each identified institution, representatives were contacted by phone and/or by email to verify their willingness to participate in the study. Additional follow-up calls were made by the consultants to clarify questions or concerns regarding the requested data. It is important to note that the consultants agreed to share selected results of this study as an incentive for participation. Initially, all 13 institutions agreed to participate in the study. Twelve of the 13 institutions fully completed the questionnaire as described in the instructions. They are noted in Table No. 2 as providing full participation. Initially, the University of Massachusetts agreed to participate but failed to respond due to staffing changes. The consultants downloaded some facility data, student FTE and faculty headcount data for the institution. They are listed in Table No. 2 as a non-participant and were excluded from the study. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 6

Data for UVM was obtained by the consultants from student FTE reports, staffing files and space inventories supplied by the University. Consultants summarized the data files to fit the format of the electronic questionnaire. The data were current as of fall 2004. 3.3 BENCHMARKING DEFINED Benchmarking is a tool that has been used in industry for many years. More recently, extraordinary challenges and the need to develop new ways to demonstrate accountability have forced higher education institutions to begin using many of the same concepts. Definitions of benchmarking vary depending on the focus of the study. Jackson and Lund (2000) describe benchmarking as comparing organizational or industry practices, performance, and process in order to improve the focal organization or business. Schuler (1998) defined benchmarking as a structured approach for looking outside an organization to study and adapt the best outside practices to complement internal operations with new, creative ideas (p. 40). For purposes of this study, benchmarking is defined as making direct comparisons with other similar institutions in order to improve or adapt to best practices and to understand quantitatively existing conditions, as compared to other selected higher education institutions. These existing conditions include full-time faculty, research expenditures, student FTE, and physical space. The literature provides three reasons for making such comparisons: Assessment - Provides a context to make better sense of an institution s outcomes and achievements. Innovation Provides new insights into ways of thinking and working. Change Provides a context for promoting institutional change. Table No. 3 provides selected data on each of the benchmark institutions in this report. This data serves as an initial point of comparison between institutions before moving into the comparative findings of the study. In many instances, these indicators measure the degree of excellence or prominence of a university. The consultants obtained total R&D expenditures and rankings for fiscal year 2002 through online reports from the National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, Survey of Research and Development Expenditures at Universities and Colleges. In some cases, these data were adjusted by the consultant to reflect conditions outlined in the instructions to benchmark institutions. These changes include: Cornell University R&D Expenditures were for FY2003 and excluded the Medical College in NYC. University of Connecticut R&D Expenditures excluded the UConn Health Center in Farmington. R&D Expenditures for the University of North Carolina and Boston University included the School of Medicine. R&D Expenditures for Penn State excluded the College of Medicine in Hershey and the College of Law in Carlisle as well as other system campuses, but included the Applied Research Laboratory with $108,991,000 in expenditures. University of Michigan R&D Expenditures excluded Dearborn and Flint campus totals. Endowment data was obtained from the National Association of College and University Business Officers (NACUBO) Endowment Study as reported in the Chronicle of Higher Education for the year ending June 30, 2002. Full-time faculty and Student FTE enrollment data were self-reported from the questionnaire for institutions that participated fully in the study. Full-time faculty and Student FTE data for the University of Massachusetts was obtained from the institution s web site. Doctorates awarded were secured from the NCS, IPEDS Completions Survey, doctoral degrees awarded between July 1, 2001 and June 30, 2002. The benchmark institutions were divided into three categories. It is worth noting the average differences between the three categories on each of the measures. Due to these differences, the consultant will present the results of the benchmarking study using the categories of,, and. The first observation of note is that UVM has the lowest student enrollment level of all colleges and universities in the study but a higher full-time faculty headcount than the University of Connecticut and the PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 7

University of Rhode Island. However, the higher faculty headcount does not translate to a greater number of doctorates awarded as UVM is the lowest among all benchmark institutions. On average, total R&D expenditures for the category ($84,915,000) are comparable to those at UVM with $88,602,000 in expenditures. Table No. 3 Selected Characteristics of Benchmark Institutions University 2005 U.S. News Rank (National Universities) 2002 Total R&D Expenditures (Thousands $) 2003 NSF R&D Rank 2002 Endowment Assets (Thousands $) Total Student Enrollment (FTE) Full-Time Faculty Headcount 2002 Doctorates Awarded University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 23 $ 651,579 3 $ 3,240,661 36,990 3,665 610 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 29 $ 370,806 29 $ 1,070,772 22,659 1,679 390 Pennsylvania State University - State College 50 $ 431,942 12 $ 695,128 39,246 2,911 519 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 24 $ 182,340 69 $ 1,686,625 19,891 1,891 321 University of Wisconsin - Madison 34 $ 662,101 4 $ 1,000,857 35,123 2,060 650 Average $ 459,754 23 $ 1,538,809 30,782 2,441 498 University of Connecticut - Storrs 66 $ 84,281 74 $ 105,174 17,116 848 221 University of Delaware - Newark 67 $ 85,157 118 $ 868,225 17,843 1,068 137 Kansas State University - Manhattan Tier 3 $ 106,804 107 $ 172,307 18,911 1,154 152 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater Tier 3 $ 94,987 114 $ 153,179 17,979 1,201 188 University of Rhode Island - Kingston Tier 3 $ 53,347 139 $ 53,147 11,867 677 77 Average $ 84,915 110 $ 270,406 16,743 990 155 Boston University 56 $ 192,612 63 $ 578,473 23,390 2,495 246 Cornell University - Ithaca 14 $ 372,826 37 $ 2,853,742 19,518 1,564 412 Average $ 282,719 50 $ 1,716,108 21,454 2,030 329 University of Vermont 97 $ 88,602 116 $ 191,833 9,647 981 54 3.4 BENCHMARKING ANALYSIS The data received from the participating institutions included the overall space available by college/school and by space category. Data requested also included the Student FTE and the number of full-time faculty. Paulien & Associates compiled the benchmarking data by college/school, normalizing the information by calculating the assigned square feet per Student FTE and assigned square feet per full-time faculty. Totals may not add to the sum of their parts due to rounding. In order to present this information in a consistent manner, the consultants based the student count on FTE. Based on experience, Paulien & Associates believes that comparisons using full-time equivalent students are the most appropriate since they are comparing an equivalent amount of academic instruction rather than the number of majors in a given college or school. Because there is a variance in the number of FTE generated by graduate students at different institutions, and because of the greater complexity of surveying differentiated graduate and undergraduate student FTE s, only the total Student FTE was used in this report. No differentiation between graduate and undergraduate student credit hours to FTE formulas were made in this analysis. The consultants recognize that in many cases full-time graduate students may represent fewer credit hours than FTE for undergraduate students. The consultants asked the participating institutions for full-time faculty which were defined as full-time teaching staff including tenured, tenure track, and non-tenure track professors and instructors who had fulltime appointments. Finally, the institutions were asked to report facilities, staffing, and Student FTE within the boundaries of the main campus. Campus boundaries were defined by each institution. Buildings such as cooperative extension centers, agricultural experiment stations, medical centers, hospitals, and schools and colleges located off campus were not included in this study. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 8

3.5 ASSUMPTIONS AND CONDITIONS USED IN THIS ANALYSIS The information used for this benchmarking study is taken from the responses to the surveys reported to the consultants. The different colleges and schools that recorded the data may have classified their space differently in their identification of space within the various space categories. Categories of space type or facilities room uses and square footages have been taken directly from the data as sent to the consultants or obtained from web-based resources. In some instances, consultants contacted benchmark institutions when data seemed out-of-range in a particular space category. Outcomes of these discussions are found in the comparative analysis section of this report. Similarly, full-time faculty headcounts and Student FTE were taken from the data as sent. In almost all cases, faculty and student information reported on the peer forms are different from published sources such as IPEDS or the Common Data Set. These discrepancies are mostly the result of differences in reporting dates and definitions. For this study, faculty was defined as full-time faculty that includes tenured, tenure track, and non-tenure track professors and instructors or lecturers who had full-time appointments. This category did not include part-time adjunct instructors or lecturers. Student FTE for both graduate and undergraduate levels was requested, however, no differentiation between graduate and undergraduate Student FTE was made in the analysis. It was assumed that Student FTE was generated based on credit hours generated for a given term. For this study, only departmentally controlled classroom space was included in the college level analysis. Centrally scheduled or managed classrooms were analyzed separately. The space categories used in the tables that follow are departmentally assigned classrooms, teaching laboratories, open laboratories, research laboratories, offices, study space, and other. The other category includes assembly and exhibit space, food and lounge facilities, animal quarters, greenhouses, health care facilities, and demonstration areas. The other category does not include residential space. Student FTE for the University of Vermont was secured from the Office of Institutional Studies, Table 7, Full Time Equivalent (FTE) Students Taught, Fall 2004. Full-time faculty headcounts included clinical, visiting, and research faculty, and was secured from the Office of Institutional Studies website under the heading of Faculty and Staff Information and titled Headcount and FTE Faculty by Unit. Student FTE and full-time faculty headcount are presented in Table 4 below. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 9

Table No. 4 School / College FTE - Fall 2004 Total Student FTE Full-Time Faculty College of Agriculture and Life Sciences 675 60 College of Arts and Sciences 4,733 268 School of Business Administration 441 24 College of Education and Social Services 766 88 College of Engineering and Mathematics 1,063 72 School of Environment and Natural Resources 445 27 Evening Division 519 - Medicine - Basic Sciences 141 - Microbiology & Molecular Genetics 74 22 Military Studies 5 - College of Nursing and Health Sciences 302 37 Physical Education Activities 82 - College of Medicine 402 383 Total FTE 9,648 981 PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 10

4.0 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS The comparative analysis results and findings presented in the remainder of this report are based solely on data from benchmark institutions. More specifically, identified deficits and surpluses of space in each of UVM s colleges and schools are related to benchmark institution averages. In each of the tables, percentage comparisons between peers and UVM were calculated as the percent above or below UVM's stated number. The results of this report are independent of findings of a formal space needs and utilization analysis as prepared by Paulien & Associates in other reports. Since the other reports were generated using normative guidelines and other internal factors, the results are not comparable. 4.1 TOTAL ASF PER STUDENT FTE Before examining the college-by-college benchmark analysis, a review of the data at the institutional level is warranted. Student FTE and total ASF data were used to calculate ASF per student FTE, thus normalizing the data for comparative purposes. Total ASF data includes not only spaces for academic programs, but also spaces for administrative and student support, library, athletics, and recreation. Due to differences in accounting systems at each university, auxiliary or non-general fund spaces may not be included in the overall totals. Residential space and inactive or un-coded square footages are excluded in this total as well. It must be noted that the University of Virginia reported 413,725 ASF that was under construction at the time of the survey and was not reported in their inventory. The largest of these spaces was the John Paul Jones Arena, with 237,900 ASF of space dedicated to Athletics. Likewise, the University of North Carolina reported more than 675,000 ASF that was under construction and not incorporated into their response. Findings for each of the 12 benchmark institutions are delineated in the following table. The consultant used the University of Vermont s designations for the comparison groups. The groups are, and. Comparison groups will remain consistent for the remainder of this report. A Glossary of Terms for terminology found in each table is located in Appendix B. Institution Total ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 336 36,990 12,414,220 15 54 13 0 41 82 24 161 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 302 22,659 6,839,652 13 45 9 5 31 87 30 98 Pennsylvania State University - State College 160 39,246 6,267,396 10 40 7 5 28 49 9 52 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 284 19,891 5,641,123 12 42 6 3 33 83 26 120 University of Wisconsin - Madison 312 35,123 10,970,575 12 70 13 8 49 83 24 123 Average 279 30,782 8,426,593 12 50 9 4 37 77 23 111 University of Connecticut - Storrs 221 17,116 3,779,395 10 45 9 8 29 54 18 94 University of Delaware - Newark 106 17,843 1,883,024 14 26 7 2 17 26 12 27 Kansas State University - Manhattan 213 18,911 4,030,564 6 72 16 18 38 52 14 69 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 150 17,979 2,699,136 13 38 11 4 23 33 13 54 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 183 11,867 2,172,473 10 25 10 2 13 50 16 82 Average 175 16,743 2,912,918 11 41 11 7 24 43 15 65 Boston University 216 23,390 5,041,895 13 35 10 5 20 46 10 21 Cornell University - Ithaca 375 19,518 7,312,256 17 87 16 5 65 97 30 145 Average 295 21,454 6,177,076 15 61 13 5 43 71 20 83 COMBINED AVERAGE 238 23,378 5,754,309 12 48 11 5 32 62 19 87 University of Vermont 200 9,647 1,930,806 12 44 10 4 30 52 19 48 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (78) (21,135) (6,495,787) (0) (6) 1 (0) (6) (24) (4) (63) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (39%) (219%) (336%) (3%) (13%) 6% (0%) (21%) (46%) (20%) (130%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 26 (7,096) (982,112) 1 3 (1) (2) 7 9 4 (17) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 13% (74%) (51%) 12% 7% (9%) (60%) 22% 18% 23% (35%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (95) (11,807) (4,246,270) (3) (16) (3) (1) (13) (19) (1) (35) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (47%) (122%) (220%) (26%) (37%) (30%) (21%) (41%) (36%) (6%) (72%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (38) (13,730) (3,823,503) (0) (4) (1) (1) (2) (9) 0 (39) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (19%) (142%) (198%) (1%) (8%) (7%) (29%) (6%) (18%) 0% (81%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 11

Total ASF and Student FTE followed a distinct pattern. These two measures were the highest for Aspirant institutions, followed by, with being the lowest of the three groups. UVM had the lowest Total ASF (1,930,806) and Students FTE (9,647). averaged the highest ASF/per Student FTE with 295 ASF/FTE. UVM, with 200 ASF per Student FTE, was above the average of 175 ASF/FTE. On the whole, the combined average of the comparison groups ASF/FTE to UVM was a19% deficit or a deficit of 38 ASF per student FTE. Reviewing the combined average detail for each room use category, UVM had equal ASF/FTE in departmental classrooms and study categories. Lower combined average ASF/FTE was evident in total labs, open labs, teaching labs, research labs, office and conference, and other spaces. Results of the benchmarking comparison on a college-by-college level, in terms of ASF per Student FTE, will be discussed in the following sections of this report. As a note, the University of Michigan reported no centralized classrooms as they were assigned only to departmental units. 4.2 TOTAL ASF PER FULL-TIME (FT) FACULTY The next table normalizes space data by full-time faculty instead of Student FTE. As explained in the following table, UVM s full-time faculty headcount was only 1% below Peer s average but substantially below the average faculty headcount for both the and comparison groups. Since UVM total ASF was below the average of other institutions, UVM s 1,968 ASF per full-time faculty ranks at the lower end of the 12 institutions, which had a combined average of 3,256 ASF/Faculty. These below average results also translate to each of the eight space categories, where UVM is 41% to 157% below combined averages. Assignable Square Feet per Faculty Institution Total ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 4,217 2,944 12,414,220 185 677 158 0 519 1,034 296 2,025 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 2,532 2,701 6,839,652 108 378 74 41 263 727 249 819 Pennsylvania State University - State College 2,153 2,911 6,267,396 134 544 98 67 379 657 123 696 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 2,983 1,891 5,641,123 125 440 61 32 347 875 279 1,264 University of Wisconsin - Madison 5,326 2,060 10,970,575 213 1,195 214 137 844 1,409 408 2,102 Average 3,442 2,501 8,426,593 153 647 121 55 470 940 271 1,381 University of Connecticut - Storrs 4,457 848 3,779,395 198 918 187 154 577 1,087 361 1,893 University of Delaware - Newark 1,763 1,068 1,883,024 233 446 124 35 287 440 201 443 Kansas State University - Manhattan 3,493 1,154 4,030,564 106 1,175 270 288 617 853 225 1,133 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 2,247 1,201 2,699,136 190 571 168 58 345 497 188 802 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 3,209 677 2,172,473 182 431 173 37 221 874 286 1,436 Average 3,034 990 2,912,918 182 708 185 114 409 750 252 1,141 Boston University 2,021 2,495 5,041,895 125 330 92 47 192 431 96 198 Cornell University - Ithaca 4,675 1,564 7,312,256 212 1,080 201 64 815 1,207 372 1,804 Average 3,348 2,030 6,177,076 168 705 147 55 503 819 234 1,001 COMBINED AVERAGE 3,256 1,793 5,754,309 167 682 152 80 451 841 257 1,218 University of Vermont 1,968 981 1,930,806 119 438 98 41 299 516 185 474 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (1,474) (1,520) (6,495,787) (35) (209) (23) (14) (172) (424) (86) (907) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (75%) (155%) (336%) (29%) (48%) (24%) (35%) (57%) (82%) (46%) (192%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (1,066) (9) (982,112) (63) (271) (87) (73) (111) (234) (67) (668) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (54%) (1%) (51%) (53%) (62%) (89%) (179%) (37%) (45%) (36%) (141%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (1,380) (1,049) (4,246,270) (50) (268) (49) (14) (205) (303) (48) (527) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (70%) (107%) (220%) (42%) (61%) (50%) (35%) (69%) (59%) (26%) (111%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (1,288) (812) (3,823,503) (49) (245) (54) (39) (152) (325) (72) (744) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (65%) (83%) (198%) (41%) (56%) (55%) (95%) (51%) (63%) (39%) (157%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 12

4.3 RESEARCH ASF AND R&D EXPENDITURES PER FULL-TIME FACULTY HEADCOUNT Since the University of Vermont has a research focused mission, it was determined that research laboratory spaces on campus should be analyzed for each of the benchmark institutions. For clarity, peer institutions that reported administrative or other organizational research spaces (i.e., centers, institutes) on the main campus were included in the ASF numbers. Total research laboratory ASF was reported in the middle column of the table. The analysis indicates that UVM has less total research lab space (293,029 ASF) than any of the comparison benchmark institutions, except the University of Rhode Island. The average of the Aspirant group was 1,147,439 ASF, while Peer s averaged three times less at 414,392 ASF. averaged 876,563 ASF. In looking at research lab ASF per faculty, UVM ranks ninth among all benchmark institutions, with 51% less research lab space per faculty than all benchmark institutions combined. Institution Research Lab ASF per Faculty Academic Research FT Faculty Total Research Laboratory ASF R&D $ per Faculty R & D Expenditures Total R&D Expenditures University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 519 2,944 1,527,542 221,324 651,579,000 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 263 2,701 711,565 137,285 370,806,000 Pennsylvania State University - State College 379 2,911 1,103,617 148,383 431,942,000 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 347 1,891 656,562 96,425 182,340,000 University of Wisconsin - Madison 844 2,060 1,737,910 321,408 662,101,000 Average 470 2,501 1,147,439 184,965 459,753,600 University of Connecticut - Storrs 577 848 489,458 99,388 84,281,000 University of Delaware - Newark 287 1,068 306,667 79,735 85,157,000 Kansas State University - Manhattan 617 1,154 712,263 92,551 106,804,000 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 345 1,201 414,154 79,090 94,987,000 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 221 677 149,420 78,799 53,347,000 Average 409 990 414,392 85,913 84,915,200 Boston University 192 2,495 477,894 77,199 192,612,000 Cornell University - Ithaca 815 1,564 1,275,231 238,379 372,825,530 Average 503 2,030 876,563 157,789 282,718,765 COMBINED AVERAGE 451 1,793 796,857 139,164 274,065,128 University of Vermont 299 981 293,029 90,318 88,602,000 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (172) (1,520) (854,410) (94,647) (371,151,600) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (57%) (155%) (292%) (105%) (419%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (111) (9) (121,363) 4,405 3,686,800 UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (37%) (1%) (41%) 5% 4% UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (205) (1,049) (583,534) (67,471) (194,116,765) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (69%) (107%) (199%) (75%) (219%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (152) (812) (503,828) (48,846) (185,463,128) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (51%) (83%) (172%) (54%) (209%) Total R&D expenditures were analyzed in the preceding table. A review of R&D expenditures per full-time faculty ranges from a low of $77,199 per faculty at Boston University to a high of $321,408 at the University of Wisconsin. had the highest average expenditures per faculty ($184,965) than the or, which averaged $85,913 and $157,789 per faculty, respectively. Overall, UVM expends 54% less R&D dollars per full-time faculty member than compared to the 12 benchmarked institutions combined, which averaged $139,164 per full-time faculty in expenditures. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 13

4.4 COLLEGE/SCHOOL BENCHMARK ANALYSIS The main focus of this study disaggregates institutional space data at the college and school level so that specific comparisons relevant to UVM can be achieved. While no two institutions had identical colleges and schools, there are similarities. In most cases, similarity of disciplines and fields of study within a college or school provided evidence for appropriate classification. The following table displays the outcome of this task. This analysis compared approximately 75 unique colleges and schools, however, only colleges and schools relevant to UVM are contained in this section. Only Oklahoma State University provided space for their Honors College. However, they were unable to separate student FTE from the various disciplines. It must be noted that Cornell University is both a private endowed university and the federal land-grant institution of New York State. Four of its colleges Agriculture and Life Sciences, Human Ecology, Industrial & Labor Relations, and Veterinary Medicine are affiliated by law with the State University of New York (SUNY), creating a special association between Cornell and SUNY. Benchmark Institution Matrix College/School University of Vermont blank University of Michigan Ann Arbor University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Pennsylvania State University University of Virginia University of Wisconsin Madison University of Connecticut University of Delaware Kansas State University Oklahoma State University-Main Campus University of Rhode Island Boston University Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences x x x x x x x x College of Arts and Sciences x x x x x x x x x x x x College of Education and Social Services x x x x x x x x x x x x College of Engineering and Mathematics x x x x x x x x x x x x College of Nursing and Health Sciences x x x x x x x x Honors College x x School of Environment and Natural Resources x x x School of Business Administration x x x x x x x x x x x x x College of Medicine x x x x x x Total 9 7 5 4 6 7 6 6 5 6 6 5 4 blank PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 14

4.4.1 COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES All seven of the comparison institutions had a Natural Resources program or school with the College of Agriculture. Cornell University reported that largest amount of space and student FTE, with 1,226,519 ASF, and 3,114 students. Cornell s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences is one of four colleges that is under the federal land-grant institution of New York, a partnership maintained with the State University of New York (SUNY). UVM, with 675 student FTE, had the lowest enrollment of the all benchmark institutions and the second lowest physical space at 253,588 ASF. When compared to all benchmark institutions, UVM s 376 ASF per Student FTE for the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences was ranked sixth among all institutions. This difference in ASF per Student FTE, as compared to the other benchmark institutions, can be attributed mainly to lower ASF per Student FTE numbers in Study, Departmental Classrooms, Open, and Office & Conference spaces. On average, UVM, with 376 ASF/FTE, had 4% less space than the four institutions that comprise the category (392 ASF/FTE) and 5% less than Cornell (394 ASF/FTE), but 61% less space than the two institutions in the category (604 ASF/FTE). When taken together the combined average of 453 ASF/FTE is 77 ASF per Student FTE greater than UVM s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. The analysis does not take into account the planned Marsh Life Sciences building addition, which will add another 8,513 ASF to UVM s total ASF. If this building is added to the analysis, the UVM number increases to 388 ASF per Student FTE. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other Pennsylvania State University - State College 611 1,770 1,082,204 7 133 11 4 118 104 1 366 University of Wisconsin - Madison 596 1,920 1,143,864 4 311 34 16 261 148 9 125 Average 604 1,845 1,113,034 5 222 22 10 189 126 5 246 University of Connecticut - Storrs 518 730 377,949 1 121 16 12 93 82 4 310 University of Delaware - Newark 279 807 225,381 9 81 21 1 59 60 0 128 Kansas State University - Manhattan 365 1,863 680,000 2 191 37 10 144 83 6 84 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 407 2,058 838,557 6 94 18 2 74 61 3 244 Average 392 1,365 530,472 4 122 23 6 93 71 3 191 Cornell University - Ithaca 394 3,114 1,226,519 18 46 34 10 2 118 19 192 Average 394 3,114 1,226,519 18 46 34 10 2 118 19 192 COMBINED AVERAGE 453 1,752 796,353 7 139 24 8 107 94 6 207 University of Vermont 376 675 253,588 2 109 28 4 77 57 2 206 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (228) (1,170) (859,446) (3) (113) 5 (6) (112) (69) (3) (40) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (61%) (173%) (339%) (161%) (104%) 20% (149%) (146%) (122%) (165%) (19%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (17) (690) (276,884) (2) (13) 5 (2) (16) (15) (1) 15 UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (4%) (102%) (109%) (109%) (12%) 18% (54%) (20%) (26%) (80%) 7% UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (18) (2,439) (972,931) (16) 63 (6) (6) 75 (61) (17) 14 UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (5%) (361%) (384%) (786%) 58% (22%) (153%) 97% (108%) (936%) 7% UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (77) (1,077) (542,765) (5) (31) 4 (4) (30) (37) (4) (1) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (21%) (160%) (214%) (220%) (28%) 13% (95%) (39%) (65%) (226%) (0%) When room use categories were analyzed, the had more space in seven of the eight categories, as compared to the group. The largest differences, on average, were in Research Laboratories, where had twice as much space as compared to institutions in the Peer group (189 vs. 93 ASF/FTE.) With the exception of Teaching, UVM had less ASF/FTE in all other room use categories, as compared to the average of all benchmark institutions (labeled combined average in the table). PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 15

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other Pennsylvania State University - State College 3,458 313 1,082,204 40 753 63 24 666 585 8 2,071 University of Wisconsin - Madison 4,190 273 1,143,864 26 2,181 237 111 1,833 1,044 60 879 Average 3,824 293 1,113,034 33 1,467 150 68 1,249 815 34 1,475 University of Connecticut - Storrs 6,631 57 377,949 12 1,548 201 154 1,193 1,044 50 3,976 University of Delaware - Newark 2,817 80 225,381 90 826 214 14 598 603 5 1,293 Kansas State University - Manhattan 2,857 238 680,000 13 1,493 287 76 1,130 653 44 654 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 3,263 257 838,557 45 750 141 15 594 488 28 1,952 Average 3,892 158 530,472 40 1,155 211 65 879 697 32 1,969 Cornell University - Ithaca 3,228 380 1,226,519 150 382 278 84 20 966 159 1,571 Average 3,228 380 1,226,519 150 382 278 84 20 966 159 1,571 COMBINED AVERAGE 3,778 228 796,353 54 1,133 203 68 862 769 50 1,771 University of Vermont 4,226 60 253,588 23 1,226 314 45 867 638 21 2,318 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 403 (233) (859,446) (10) (241) 164 (22) (383) (176) (13) 843 UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 10% (388%) (339%) (42%) (20%) 52% (49%) (44%) (28%) (61%) 36% UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 334 (98) (276,884) (17) 71 103 (19) (12) (59) (11) 349 UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 8% (163%) (109%) (73%) 6% 33% (42%) (1%) (9%) (50%) 15% UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE 999 (320) (972,931) (127) 844 36 (38) 846 (328) (138) 747 UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE 24% (533%) (384%) (545%) 69% 11% (84%) 98% (51%) (654%) 32% UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 449 (168) (542,765) (31) 93 111 (23) 4 (131) (29) 547 UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 11% (280%) (214%) (132%) 8% 35% (50%) 1% (20%) (140%) 24% Turning attention to ASF per faculty, UVM exceeded by 10% and by 8%. UVM s 4,226 ASF per faculty is 449 ASF/Faculty or 11% greater than all benchmark institutions combined. If the Marsh Life Sciences building addition is included in the analysis, the number increases to 4,368 ASF per Faculty. The second highest overall ASF/Faculty ratio, as compared to all benchmark institutions, provided UVM with more space in Total, Teaching, Research, and Other room use categories. As a note, the Other category included animal quarters, field buildings, greenhouses, and storage facilities. As noted in the ASF/Student FTE table, space in the Other category at UVM accounted for 55% of the Total ASF per Student FTE (206 vs. 376 ASF/Student). Similar results were found at Penn State University, UConn, and Oklahoma State University, with 60% of the Total ASF/per Student space in the Other category. If the Other space is removed from the total ASF for each of the eight colleges in this analysis, a slightly different picture emerges. With respect to ASF/Student FTE and ASF/Faculty, UVM s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences results were less favorable as compared to each of the groups. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 16

4.4.2 COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Nine of the 12 benchmark institutions were consistent with UVM in having a College of Arts and Sciences. Two institutions were named slightly differently, but both had similar disciplines when compared to UVM. These included the University of Michigan with Literature, Science, and the Arts and the University of Wisconsin s College of Letters and Science. At Penn State University, the College of Liberal Arts, the Eberly College of Science, the College of Arts and Architecture, and the College or Earth and Mineral Sciences were combined to form one unit, with departments similar to the College of Arts and Sciences at UVM. The table demonstrates that in general that the five aspirants (Michigan, North Carolina, Penn State, Virginia and Wisconsin) had larger enrollments and more physical space in ASF than institutions in the or the categories. In fact, had more than twice as many students and total ASF as the. Of all the benchmark institutions combined, UVM ranked the third lowest enrollment at 4,733 FTE, and ranked lowest in total space at 275,804 ASF. UVM, with 58 ASF per Student FTE, ranked lowest among the average of the twelve benchmark institutions, which had a combined average of 99 ASF per Student FTE. Overall, UVM has 35% less ASF per Student FTE when compared to the average of 78 ASF per Student FTE. To be comparable to averages, UVM would almost need to almost double its ASF per Student FTE to 110 ASF/FTE. College of Arts and Sciences ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 102 17,660 1,800,727 14 33 8 0 25 35 2 18 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 200 7,510 1,501,954 3 75 16 13 46 70 8 45 Pennsylvania State University - State College 122 11,399 1,387,796 2 58 15 7 36 46 0 15 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 63 11,160 705,884 n/a 26 6 1 19 22 1 15 University of Wisconsin - Madison 65 21,961 1,426,791 2 26 8 5 13 28 2 8 Average 110 13,938 1,364,630 5 44 11 5 28 40 2 20 University of Connecticut - Storrs 72 9,192 660,895 2 36 7 3 26 25 2 7 University of Delaware - Newark 78 7,617 590,337 8 32 13 2 17 25 1 11 Kansas State University - Manhattan 92 6,736 616,350 0 56 22 3 31 26 1 7 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 86 5,222 447,485 3 42 16 4 22 30 3 8 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 66 4,549 298,378 2 24 12 3 9 26 1 13 Average 78 6,663 522,689 3 38 14 3 21 26 1 9 Boston University 87 7,273 630,889 3 34 10 3 21 41 1 8 Cornell University - Ithaca 163 4,355 709,337 23 58 16 5 37 62 1 19 Average 125 5,814 670,113 13 46 13 4 29 51 1 13 COMBINED AVERAGE 99 9,553 898,069 6 41 12 4 25 36 2 14 University of Vermont 58 4,733 275,804 2 28 9 5 14 21 1 6 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (52) (9,205) (1,088,826) (3) (15) (2) 0 (13) (19) (2) (14) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (89%) (194%) (395%) (197%) (53%) (19%) 0% (93%) (90%) (198%) (231%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (20) (1,930) (246,885) (1) (10) (5) 2 (7) (5) (1) (3) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (35%) (41%) (90%) (79%) (34%) (58%) 39% (48%) (24%) (64%) (53%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (67) (1,081) (394,309) (11) (18) (4) 1 (15) (30) (0) (7) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (114%) (23%) (143%) (650%) (62%) (42%) 22% (104%) (141%) (54%) (118%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (41) (4,820) (622,265) (4) (13) (3) 1 (11) (15) (1) (8) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (71%) (102%) (226%) (226%) (44%) (39%) 20% (76%) (71%) (118%) (138%) With the exception of the University of Michigan and Cornell, departmental classrooms are negligible in most colleges of arts and sciences, as these programs use pooled or centralized classrooms. The Michigan facilities file placed classrooms with the College which is the primary user of a building. An analysis of pooled classrooms is found later in this report. When UVM is compared to combined benchmark averages in the space categories, all categories are deficits with the exception of Open where UVM has 20% more ASF per Student FTE than the average of the benchmark institutions. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 17

College of Arts and Sciences ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 1,906 945 1,800,727 258 619 152 0 467 658 32 338 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 1,966 764 1,501,954 27 731 157 123 451 690 75 443 Pennsylvania State University - State College 1,083 1,281 1,387,796 19 520 137 61 322 410 4 129 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 1,196 590 705,884 n/a 480 105 22 353 414 13 288 University of Wisconsin - Madison 1,740 820 1,426,791 50 692 205 134 353 749 45 205 Average 1,578 880 1,364,630 89 608 151 68 389 584 34 281 University of Connecticut - Storrs 1,548 427 660,895 42 779 155 75 549 541 32 152 University of Delaware - Newark 1,103 535 590,337 108 467 188 31 248 362 14 153 Kansas State University - Manhattan 1,485 415 616,350 8 922 361 53 508 422 14 118 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 934 479 447,485 35 459 169 46 244 322 28 90 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 998 299 298,378 35 365 183 39 143 388 11 198 Average 1,214 431 522,689 45 598 211 49 338 407 20 142 Boston University 949 665 630,889 37 368 107 28 233 446 15 83 Cornell University - Ithaca 1,367 519 709,337 190 490 131 46 313 519 10 158 Average 1,158 592 670,113 113 429 119 37 273 482 12 121 COMBINED AVERAGE 1,356 645 898,069 73 575 171 55 349 493 24 196 University of Vermont 1,029 268 275,804 31 502 157 91 254 375 14 107 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (549) (612) (1,088,826) (58) (107) 6 23 (136) (209) (19) (173) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (53%) (228%) (395%) (190%) (21%) 4% 25% (53%) (56%) (134%) (162%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (185) (163) (246,885) (15) (97) (54) 42 (85) (32) (6) (35) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (18%) (61%) (90%) (49%) (19%) (35%) 46% (33%) (8%) (39%) (33%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (129) (324) (394,309) (83) 73 38 54 (19) (107) 2 (13) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (12%) (121%) (143%) (271%) 14% 24% 59% (8%) (29%) 15% (13%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (327) (377) (622,265) (43) (73) (14) 36 (95) (118) (10) (89) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (32%) (141%) (226%) (140%) (15%) (9%) 39% (37%) (31%) (70%) (83%) had, on average, about twice as many faculty in their Colleges of Arts and Sciences as (880 vs. 431) with in the middle of the two groups at an average of 592 faculty. UVM, with 268 faculty, is well below the combined average of 645 faculty. ASF per full-time faculty is similar, with reporting the highest average at 1,578 ASF per faculty, followed by with 1,214 ASF/Faculty and then at 1,158 ASF per faculty. UVM, with 1,029 ASF per faculty, was 18% below the average. Sizeable difference exists in Research, Office & Conference and Other spaces, where UVM is 95 ASF/Faculty, 118 ASF/Faculty and 89 ASF/Faculty below the benchmark institutions averages respectively. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 18

4.4.3 SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Every institution for which there was college-level information had a School of Business similar to UVM s School of Business Administration. Typical programs included degrees or concentrations in accounting, taxation, finance, management, human resources, marketing, computer information systems, operations management, and real estate. Most offered the Master of Business Administration at the graduate level. In some cases, institutions had both an undergraduate College of Business and/or a Graduate School of Management. As an example, the McIntire School of Commerce and the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration at the University of Virginia were combined for this analysis. At Cornell, the School of Industrial and Labor Relations, which houses the departments of Human Resources, Organizational Behavior, and Economics, was classified as a business school and combined with the Johnson Graduate School of Management. It should be noted that Pennsylvania State University, currently at the lower end of the ASF/Student ratio, has broken ground on a new $68 million home for its Smeal College of Business. The 210,000 gross square feet facility will be the school's largest and will serve as the eastern gateway to the University Park, Pennsylvania, campus. The new building will place all the business college's faculty departments, research centers, program offices, advisers, and staff under one roof and is expected to be completed during summer 2005. The review of the analysis starts with Student FTE and total ASF. The average enrollment at the five Aspirant institutions was 2,804 FTE, while the five institutions in the group averaged enrollments of 2,317 FTE, both considerably higher than UVM s College of Business Administration with 441 FTE., with an average enrollment of 1,920 FTE, were below the group average. However, average total ASF was five times greater at Aspirant institutions than Peer institutions (173,233 ASF versus 33,478 ASF). If Penn State s new business building was added to the analysis, the disparity would be even greater. School of Business Administration ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 118 2,961 348,063 18 3 2 0 1 49 15 32 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 102 1,364 139,347 17 0 0 0 0 44 10 32 Pennsylvania State University - State College 18 5,465 96,028 1 1 0 1 0 13 0 2 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 103 1,803 185,158 10 3 1 2 0 37 18 35 University of Wisconsin - Madison 40 2,428 97,570 1 2 1 1 0 32 2 4 Average 76 2,804 173,233 10 2 1 1 0.2 35 9 21 University of Connecticut - Storrs 27 1,651 44,503 0 1 0 0 1 24 0 2 University of Delaware - Newark 16 2,369 37,296 0 2 1 0 0 12 0 2 Kansas State University - Manhattan 9 2,620 23,500 n/a 1 1 0 1 7 1 0 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 11 3,557 39,498 0 1 0 1 0 9 0 0 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 16 1,390 22,595 2 0 0 0 0 13 0 2 Average 16 2,317 33,478 1 1 0.4 0.2 0.4 13 0 1 Boston University 33 2,372 79,163 5 2 2 0.1 0.0 23 0 3 Cornell University - Ithaca 118 1,467 173,304 19 6 6 0.0 0.5 60 23 11 Average 76 1,920 126,234 12 4 4 0 0 41 11 7 COMBINED AVERAGE 51 2,454 107,169 5 2 1 0.5 0.3 24 5 6 University of Vermont 25 441 10,897 0 0 0 0 0 23 2 0 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (51) (2,363) (162,336) (10) (2) (1) (1) (0) (12) (7) (21) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (208%) (536%) (1,490%) - - - - - (52%) (370%) - UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 9 (1,876) (22,581) (1) (1) (0) (0) (0) 10 2 (1) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 36% (425%) (207%) - - - - - 43% 82% - UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (51) (1,479) (115,337) (12) (4) (4) (0) (0) (19) (10) (7) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (207%) (335%) (1,058%) - - - - - (81%) (506%) - UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (26) (2,013) (96,272) (5) (2) (1) (0) (0) (1) (3) (6) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (106%) (456%) (883%) - - - - - (5%) (158%) - PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 19

At the same time, institutions with larger enrollments do not necessarily represent the institutions with the larger amounts of space. For example, Kansas State University with 2,620 FTE, was one of the highest enrollments, but only dedicated 23,500 ASF of space to the program. Part of the explanation is whether classrooms and open labs are departmentally controlled or centrally scheduled. UVM s School of Business Administration had almost twice as much space per Student FTE as the five institutions in the category (25 vs. 16 ASF/FTE.) UVM would need to add 51 ASF per student FTE to reach the same level as and. As noted in both tables, UVM s School of Business Administration did not have assigned space in classrooms and laboratories. In general, business schools tend to consist of non-laboratory disciplines, utilizing primarily classrooms, offices, and conference spaces. Several universities, including UVM, show little to no classroom, teaching and open lab space for their schools of business, probably due to using centralized or general purpose classrooms. School of Business Administration ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 2,807 124 348,063 440 75 54 0 21 1,164 363 764 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 1,467 95 139,347 239 0 0 0 0 627 137 463 Pennsylvania State University - State College 828 116 96,028 52 67 13 47 7 603 12 94 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 1,195 155 185,158 117 38 12 26 0 426 205 410 University of Wisconsin - Madison 1,284 76 97,570 47 55 21 34 0 1,011 51 120 Average 1,516 113 173,233 179 47 20 21 6 766 154 370 University of Connecticut - Storrs 563 79 44,503 4 12 0 0 12 506 10 31 University of Delaware - Newark 369 101 37,296 0 41 30 0 11 273 6 49 Kansas State University - Manhattan 443 53 23,500 n/a 74 36 0 38 332 38 n/a Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 326 121 39,498 4 33 7 24 2 276 5 7 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 461 49 22,595 51 0 0 0 0 366 n/a 45 Average 433 81 33,478 15 32 15 5 12 351 15 33 Boston University 720 110 79,163 103 43 42 1 0 499 n/a 74 Cornell University - Ithaca 1,805 96 173,304 288 97 89 0 8 911 349 161 Average 1,262 103 126,234 196 70 65 1 4 705 349 118 COMBINED AVERAGE 1,022 98 107,169 122 44 25 11 8 583 118 202 University of Vermont 454 24 10,897 0 0 0 0 0 419 35 n/a UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (1,062) (89) (162,336) (179) (47) (20) (21) (6) (347) (119) n/a UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (234%) (372%) (1,490%) - - - - - (83%) (344%) n/a UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 21 (57) (22,581) (15) (32) (15) (5) (12) 69 20 n/a UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 5% (236%) (207%) - - - - - 16% 57% n/a UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (808) (79) (115,337) (196) (70) (65) (1) (4) (285) (314) n/a UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (178%) (329%) (1,058%) - - - - - (68%) (908%) n/a UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (568) (74) (96,272) (122) (44) (25) (11) (8) (163) (83) n/a UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (125%) (308%) (883%) - - - - - (39%) (240%) n/a On average, reported 81 full-time faculty in their colleges of business. UVM, with 24 faculty, was four times lower than the average of all benchmark institutions combined (98 faculty). With respect to ASF/Faculty, UVM had comparable space to that of the (454 vs. 433 ASF/Faculty) but considerably less space per faculty than with 1,516 ASF/Faculty. UVM had 163 ASF/Faculty or 39% less space in the Office & Conference category than that of the combined benchmark institution average. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 20

4.4.4 COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND SOCIAL SERVICES With the exception of Cornell University, all benchmark institutions reporting data at the college level had an established school or college of education. In institutions that contained independent social work programs, (Michigan, North Carolina, and Boston University) the consultant combined separate social work programs with their College of Education data to form one unit. At the University of Wisconsin, the School of Social Work is a professional school under the College of Letters and Science and could not be analyzed separately. The programs and departments with schools and colleges of education varied widely from institution to institution. The School of Education at the University of Rhode Island is in the College of Human Sciences and Services, which includes Communicative Disorders; Human Development and Family Studies; Physical Education and Exercise Science; and Textiles, Fashion Merchandising, and Design. At the University of Delaware, the School of Education is in the College of Human Services, Education and Public Policy. Despite these findings, there were enough similarities in the programs for comparisons to UVM s College of Education and Social Services. In several institutions, the College of Education contained a human performance or health component. Examples included the School of Applied Health and Educational Psychology (Oklahoma State) and Department of Kinesiology at UConn. College of Education and Social Services ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 132 1,230 162,061 18 9 6 0 3 96 0 8 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 106 715 75,989 7 6 0 6 0 80 4 8 Pennsylvania State University - State College 33 2,753 89,927 1 5 2 1 1 26 0 1 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 61 865 52,389 n/a 14 4 5 6 39 1 7 University of Wisconsin - Madison 213 2,302 490,526 8 59 30 18 11 74 9 62 Average 109 1,573 174,178 9 19 8 6 4 63 3 17 University of Connecticut - Storrs 86 725 62,282 4 11 4 2 5 54 0 16 University of Delaware - Newark 53 2,470 129,686 4 6 2 1 2 31 2 10 Kansas State University - Manhattan 30 1,668 49,300 n/a 7 5 2 0 20 2 0 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 47 1,940 91,501 7 4 2 2 0 19 1 17 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 36 1,929 69,423 0 7 6 0 1 19 0 9 Average 50 1,746 80,438 4 7 4 1 2 29 1 10 Boston University 65 1,002 65,271 1 9 3 4 2 50 1 5 Average 65 1,002 65,271 1 9 3 4 2 50 1 5 COMBINED AVERAGE 78 1,600 121,669 6 12 6 4 3 46 2 13 University of Vermont 56 766 43,078 1 8 6 1 0 43 0 4 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (53) (807) (131,100) (8) (11) (2) (5) (4) (20) (3) (13) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (94%) (105%) (304%) (671%) (143%) (36%) (313%) - (47%) (721%) (327%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 6 (980) (37,360) (3) 1 2 0 (2) 14 (1) (6) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 11% (128%) (87%) (250%) 7% 36% 4% - 33% (148%) (159%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (9) (236) (22,193) 0 (1) 4 (3) (2) (7) (1) (0) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (16%) (31%) (52%) 13% (18%) 58% (187%) - (15%) (162%) (12%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (22) (834) (78,591) (5) (5) 0 (2) (3) (3) (1) (9) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (39%) (109%) (182%) (408%) (64%) 5% (157%) - (7%) (410%) (222%) Reviewing the table, the University of Wisconsin Madison has the largest College of Education based on total ASF. The physical size of the program is partially explained by having art, fine arts, dance, and kinesiology under the School of Education, all of which are laboratory intensive disciplines. Of all benchmark institutions, Penn State has the largest student enrollment, with 2,753 students, but ranks near the bottom in terms of ASF per student FTE. While Penn State has a large College of Education (20 programs in five departments), the large student numbers can be attributed to a viable distance education/on-campus hybrid program offered at other Penn State campuses. There is a wide discrepancy in the average ASF per Student FTE between and, with having more than twice the ASF/ Student FTE than the (109 vs. 50 ASF/Student FTE.) UVM, with 56 ASF/Student FTE, ranks slightly above the average. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 21

Space in the education programs is primarily in laboratories and offices. In fact, laboratory space at select institutions is as much as seven times as large as departmental classroom spaces. With the exception of Teaching and Office & Conference categories, UVM s College of Education and Social Sciences ranks in the lower one-fourth to one-half of all benchmark universities in ASF per Student FTE. At the University of Wisconsin, Teaching and the Other category includes spaces for art, dance, and kinesiology, all programs housed under their School of Education. College of Education and Social Services ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 1,080 150 162,061 151 72 51 0 21 788 2 68 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 623 122 75,989 41 37 0 37 0 472 25 48 Pennsylvania State University - State College 642 140 89,927 25 90 42 23 25 511 1 15 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 529 99 52,389 n/a 122 34 40 48 342 6 58 University of Wisconsin - Madison 3,555 138 490,526 138 983 495 303 185 1,240 158 1,036 Average 1,286 130 174,178 89 261 124 81 56 671 38 245 University of Connecticut - Storrs 1,246 50 62,282 59 163 60 36 67 787 0 237 University of Delaware - Newark 865 150 129,686 68 94 41 16 37 511 34 157 Kansas State University - Manhattan 783 63 49,300 n/a 194 143 43 8 538 43 8 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 635 144 91,501 98 54 27 26 1 250 8 225 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 964 72 69,423 12 190 153 0 37 514 4 245 Average 898 96 80,438 59 139 85 24 30 520 18 174 Boston University 907 72 65,271 14 124 36 58 30 692 13 63 Average 907 72 65,271 14 124 36 58 30 692 13 63 COMBINED AVERAGE 1,075 109 121,669 67 193 98 53 42 604 27 196 University of Vermont 490 88 43,078 10 67 54 13 0 375 3 35 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (796) (42) (131,100) (79) (194) (71) (68) (56) (295) (35) (210) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (163%) (48%) (304%) (799%) (289%) (132%) (534%) - (79%) (1,131%) (599%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (409) (8) (37,360) (49) (72) (31) (12) (30) (145) (15) (139) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (84%) (9%) (87%) (498%) (107%) (58%) (90%) - (39%) (472%) (398%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (417) 16 (22,193) (4) (57) 18 (46) (30) (317) (10) (28) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (85%) 18% (52%) (39%) (85%) 33% (358%) - (84%) (319%) (79%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (586) (21) (78,591) (57) (126) (45) (40) (42) (229) (24) (161) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (120%) (24%) (182%) (581%) (188%) (84%) (316%) - (61%) (758%) (460%) UVM s full-time faculty count of 88 is 48% lower than and 9% lower than. With the lowest Total ASF of all benchmark institutions (43,078 ASF), UVM also ranked lowest with 490 ASF per faculty. One reason for the low average was the absence of research labs in the College, which make up, on average, 46 ASF per faculty for all benchmark institutions combined. UVM was significantly below the benchmark average in Departmental Classrooms, Open Laboratories, Study and Other spaces. The 151 ASF of departmental classroom space at the University of Michigan is assigned to the School of Education and the School of Social Work based on building occupancy. However, other academic units use the space when available. The University of Michigan did not report any centralized classrooms. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 22

4.4.5 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MATHEMATICS Eleven of the benchmark institutions maintained colleges or schools of engineering similar in programs and structure to UVM s College of Engineering and Mathematics. The University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill was the only institution without such a college. Engineering programs are analogous across institutions, with most offering programs in aerospace, agriculture, chemical, biomedical, civil, electrical, environmental, industrial, computer, mechanical, petroleum, and nuclear engineering. The largest difference among programs concerns computer science. While some institutions had computer science as part of their engineering program, others do not. For example, Cornell has its computer science program in their College of Arts and Sciences. As a note, Oklahoma State University has a combined College of Engineering, Architecture and Technology. The University of Virginia was completing construction on Wilsdorf Hall, a 63,700 ASF building for their School of Engineering and Applied Science. Adding this to the study would increase the total ASF to 274,468 or 99 ASF per Student FTE versus 76 ASF per Student FTE. In reviewing the table, the University of Michigan had the highest student enrollment (7,304 FTE) and the most space (799,896 ASF). The University of Wisconsin, with 2,365 FTE and 707,289 ASF had the highest ASF per Student FTE at 299. Of the three categories of institutions, the had the highest average of 164 ASF/Student FTE followed the at 146 ASF/ Student FTE. In terms of ASF per Student FTE, UVM was the lowest among all 11 benchmark institutions with 50 ASF/FTE. UVM had 154% less space than Peer institutions (50 vs. 126 ASF per Student FTE.) The data confirms that engineering programs are very laboratory intensive; with almost half the space in a laboratory category (combined average of 76 ASF per Student FTE). For UVM, the areas with the largest deficits can be found in the Other and Open Laboratory categories. As a point, UVM has two ASF/ Student FTE in Open Laboratories while the average all the benchmark institutions is 11 ASF/ Student FTE, a 594% difference. College of Engineering and Mathematics ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 110 7,304 799,896 9 49 7 0 42 42 1 8 Pennsylvania State University - State College 101 6,826 690,383 2 56 9 5 42 37 0 5 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 76 2,765 210,768 n/a 39 0 10 29 30 1 5 University of Wisconsin - Madison 299 2,365 707,289 0 171 23 25 123 101 20 7 Average 146 4,815 602,084 4 79 10 10 59 53 6 6 University of Connecticut - Storrs 165 1,440 237,704 2 97 10 27 60 57 2 7 University of Delaware - Newark 140 1,648 230,698 2 81 4 8 69 41 1 16 Kansas State University - Manhattan 91 2,771 252,900 n/a 67 18 23 25 22 1 2 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 112 3,059 342,012 5 57 15 11 31 32 3 15 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 123 1,021 125,276 3 63 21 0 42 38 2 17 Average 126 1,988 237,718 3 73 13 14 45 38 2 11 Boston University 121 1,480 179,802 1 65 22 6 37 51 1 4 Cornell University - Ithaca 206 2,701 555,854 18 90 20 1 69 78 3 17 Average 164 2,091 367,828 10 78 21 3 53 64 2 10 COMBINED AVERAGE 140 3,035 393,871 5 76 14 11 52 48 3 9 University of Vermont 50 1,063 52,783 2 21 6 2 13 26 1 1 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (97) (3,752) (549,301) (2) (58) (4) (9) (46) (27) (5) (6) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (195%) (353%) (1,041%) (161%) (279%) (67%) (557%) (342%) (105%) (488%) (818%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (77) (925) (184,935) (1) (52) (7) (12) (32) (12) (1) (10) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (154%) (87%) (350%) (99%) (250%) (126%) (811%) (241%) (48%) (86%) (1,479%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (114) (1,028) (315,045) (8) (57) (15) (2) (40) (39) (1) (9) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (230%) (97%) (597%) (534%) (273%) (255%) (127%) (298%) (150%) (128%) (1,340%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (91) (1,972) (341,088) (3) (55) (8) (9) (38) (22) (2) (9) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (183%) (185%) (646%) (216%) (265%) (128%) (594%) (288%) (87%) (240%) (1,213%) The 72 full-time faculty in UVM s College of Engineering and Mathematics was about half of the combined benchmark average of 166 faculty. ASF/Faculty ranged from a high of 4,210 ASF/Faculty to a low of 733 ASF/Faculty at UVM. On average, the three benchmark groups did not differ dramatically in ASF per faculty. Overall, with 2,687 were slightly higher than the other two groups. A review of PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 23

combined ASF per faculty averages across the room use codes illuminates UVM s space deficits and the ASF per faculty needed to reach or averages. College of Engineering and Mathematics ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 2,395 334 799,896 202 1,076 151 0 925 922 19 176 Pennsylvania State University - State College 1,897 364 690,383 39 1,053 175 88 790 697 5 103 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 1,285 164 210,768 n/a 667 5 177 485 505 22 91 University of Wisconsin - Madison 4,210 168 707,289 6 2,405 324 356 1,725 1,424 277 98 Average 2,447 258 602,084 82 1,300 164 155 981 887 81 117 University of Connecticut - Storrs 2,584 92 237,704 30 1,516 155 423 938 894 33 110 University of Delaware - Newark 2,714 85 230,698 38 1,575 68 161 1,346 786 14 302 Kansas State University - Manhattan 1,960 129 252,900 n/a 1,433 390 503 540 466 29 33 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 2,515 136 342,012 119 1,279 336 252 691 730 57 330 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 1,957 64 125,276 45 999 329 4 666 614 32 269 Average 2,346 101 237,718 58 1,360 256 268 836 698 33 209 Boston University 2,948 61 179,802 32 1,571 542 135 894 1,234 19 91 Cornell University - Ithaca 2,427 229 555,854 209 1,067 234 17 816 916 41 195 Average 2,687 145 367,828 120 1,319 388 76 855 1,075 30 143 COMBINED AVERAGE 2,445 166 393,871 80 1,330 246 192 892 835 50 163 University of Vermont 733 72 52,783 22 308 88 23 197 380 14 10 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (1,714) (186) (549,301) (60) (992) (76) (133) (785) (507) (67) (106) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (234%) (258%) (1,041%) (272%) (322%) (87%) (583%) (399%) (134%) (482%) (1,023%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (1,613) (29) (184,935) (36) (1,052) (168) (246) (639) (318) (19) (198) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (220%) (41%) (350%) (161%) (342%) (192%) (1,081%) (325%) (84%) (138%) (1,906%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (1,954) (73) (315,045) (98) (1,011) (300) (53) (658) (695) (16) (133) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (267%) (101%) (597%) (443%) (328%) (343%) (234%) (335%) (183%) (117%) (1,275%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (1,712) (94) (341,088) (58) (1,022) (159) (170) (696) (456) (36) (153) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (233%) (131%) (646%) (261%) (332%) (181%) (746%) (354%) (120%) (259%) (1,470%) 4.4.6 COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, EXCLUDING MATHEMATICS The consultant investigated specific programs within each of the eleven colleges or schools of engineering and discovered that only the University of Vermont had mathematics as part of their engineering program. While the inclusion of mathematics in the College makes the program unique, it complicates the benchmarking analysis and the ability to compare results directly. Most of the other institutions housed mathematics as part of the arts and sciences or in a separate college of sciences. As a result, the consultant conducted an analysis of the College of Engineering excluding the Mathematics and Statistics department. The consultant justified this separate analysis based on inherent differences between mathematics and engineering programs. Like most other general education courses, lower level mathematics courses are part of a general core and generate large amounts of FTE for an institution. Mathematics departments tend to have a larger faculty base to cover the multiple sections and wide diversity of courses. From a facilities perspective, most mathematics disciplines rely heavily on general purpose classrooms. Dedicated spaces may include a tutoring and/or computing labs. On the other hand, engineering programs tend to have smaller class section sizes and are more faculty intensive for the amount of FTE that is generated. Engineering programs are also more laboratory based than classroom based, requiring dedicated space for sponsored research and specialized equipment. For this analysis, the consultant isolated mathematics and statistics courses taught during the Fall 2004 semester and removed the equivalent FTE from the College of Engineering and Mathematics. Full-time Mathematics and Statistics Space Category ASF Classrooms 1,002 Office 10,587 Study 271 Total 11,860 faculty in the Mathematics and Statistics department as well as space assigned to the Mathematics and Statistics department, as contained in the facilities inventory, was also removed. The result of this exercise was the ability to directly compare the University of Vermont s College of Engineering, excluding Mathematics, directly with other aspirant and peer colleges and schools of engineering. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 24

The analysis is illustrated in the table below. A total of 374 FTE and 40,932 ASF were calculated within the engineering programs. The 109 ASF per student FTE is 15% less than the average and 34% below average. When compared to all eleven institutions, the UVM engineering program was above the combined average in teaching labs but below combined averages in all other categories. The exclusion of mathematics from the College resulted in a 59 ASF/FTE difference between the 109 ASF/ Student FTE in this section and the 50 ASF/FTE reported in the last section (College of Engineering and Mathematics) of the report, aligning the College more closely with other similar engineering colleges in the analysis. College of Engineering, Excluding Mathematics ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 110 7,304 799,896 9 49 7 0 42 42 1 8 Pennsylvania State University - State College 101 6,826 690,383 2 56 9 5 42 37 0 5 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 76 2,765 210,768 n/a 40 0 10 29 30 1 5 University of Wisconsin - Madison 299 2,365 707,289 0 171 23 25 123 101 20 7 Average 146 4,815 602,084 4 79 10 10 59 53 6 6 University of Connecticut - Storrs 165 1,440 237,704 2 97 10 27 60 57 2 7 University of Delaware - Newark 140 1,648 230,698 2 81 4 8 69 41 1 16 Kansas State University - Manhattan 91 2,771 252,900 n/a 67 18 23 25 22 1 2 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 112 3,059 342,012 5 57 15 11 31 32 3 15 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 123 1,021 125,276 3 63 21 0 42 38 2 17 Average 126 1,988 237,718 3 73 13 14 45 38 2 11 Boston University 121 1,480 179,802 1 65 22 6 37 51 1 4 Cornell University - Ithaca 206 2,701 555,854 18 90 20 1 69 78 3 17 Average 164 2,091 367,828 10 78 21 3 53 64 2 10 COMBINED AVERAGE 140 3,035 393,871 5 76 14 11 52 48 3 9 University of Vermont 109 374 40,923 2 59 17 4 38 45 2 2 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (37) (4,441) (561,161) (2) (20) 7 (6) (21) (8) (4) (4) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (34%) (1,187%) (1,371%) (147%) (34%) 41% (131%) (56%) (17%) (184%) (223%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (17) (1,614) (196,795) (1) (14) 3 (10) (8) 7 0 (9) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (15%) (431%) (481%) (89%) (23%) 20% (221%) (20%) 15% 10% (456%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (54) (1,717) (326,905) (8) (18) (4) 1 (15) (19) (0) (8) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (50%) (459%) (799%) (500%) (31%) (25%) 20% (40%) (43%) (10%) (407%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (31) (2,661) (352,948) (3) (17) 3 (6) (14) (3) (1) (7) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (28%) (711%) (862%) (199%) (28%) 20% (144%) (37%) (7%) (64%) (362%) With respect to ASF per faculty, the exclusion of mathematics resulted in 952 ASF/faculty, 219 ASF/Faculty higher then the analysis of the College of Engineering and Mathematics combined (see previous section). The higher ASF/Faculty is the result of a greater reduction of faculty than space, once the Mathematics and Statistics department is excluded from the analysis. Even with the exclusion of mathematics, UVM s engineering programs are 157% below aspirants and 147% below averages in terms of ASF/Faculty. UVM s engineering programs have less ASF/Faculty in each of the space categories. However, the deficits are less than the results if Mathematics was included in the analysis. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 25

College of Engineering, Excluding Mathematics ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 2,395 334 799,896 202 1,076 151 0 925 922 19 176 Pennsylvania State University - State College 1,897 364 690,383 39 1,053 175 88 790 697 5 103 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 1,285 164 210,768 n/a 667 5 177 485 505 22 91 University of Wisconsin - Madison 4,210 168 707,289 6 2,405 324 356 1,725 1,424 277 98 Average 2,447 258 602,084 82 1,300 164 155 981 887 81 117 University of Connecticut - Storrs 2,584 92 237,704 30 1,516 155 423 938 894 33 110 University of Delaware - Newark 2,714 85 230,698 38 1,574 68 161 1,346 786 14 302 Kansas State University - Manhattan 1,960 129 252,900 n/a 1,433 390 503 540 466 29 33 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 2,515 136 342,012 119 1,279 336 252 691 730 57 330 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 1,957 64 125,276 45 999 329 4 666 614 32 269 Average 2,346 101 237,718 58 1,360 256 268 836 698 33 209 Boston University 2,948 61 179,802 32 1,572 542 135 894 1,234 19 91 Cornell University - Ithaca 2,427 229 555,854 209 1,066 234 17 816 916 41 195 Average 2,687 145 367,828 120 1,319 388 76 855 1,075 30 143 COMBINED AVERAGE 2,445 166 393,871 80 1,331 246 192 892 835 50 163 University of Vermont 952 43 40,923 14 514 147 38 329 390 17 17 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (1,495) (215) (561,161) (69) (786) (17) (117) (652) (497) (64) (99) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (157%) (499%) (1,371%) (497%) (153%) (12%) (308%) (198%) (128%) (377%) (571%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (1,394) (58) (196,795) (44) (846) (109) (230) (507) (308) (16) (191) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (147%) (135%) (481%) (320%) (165%) (74%) (605%) (154%) (79%) (95%) (1,098%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (1,736) (102) (326,905) (107) (805) (241) (38) (526) (686) (13) (126) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (182%) (237%) (799%) (773%) (157%) (165%) (99%) (160%) (176%) (78%) (721%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (1,493) (123) (352,948) (66) (817) (100) (154) (563) (446) (33) (146) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (157%) (286%) (862%) (479%) (159%) (68%) (405%) (171%) (114%) (194%) (838%) It should be noted that while faculty, FTE and space for the Department of Mathematics and Statistics was removed from the analysis in this section, it was not added to the analysis of the other Schools and Colleges. Using only the analysis of engineering, it eliminates the Department of Mathematics and Statistics without changing the overall UVM benchmarking data and results. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 26

4.4.7 COLLEGE OF MEDICINE While eight of the 12 benchmark institutions contained a medical school or college, only five were used in the analysis. For Cornell University, University of Connecticut, and Pennsylvania State University, the medical schools/colleges were located in separate medical/health science centers at a distance from the main campus. Boston University was included in the analysis since their School of Medicine is less than two miles from the main Charles River campus. Programs and departments within the medical schools and colleges varied, but all offered degrees leading to the M.D. and/or Ph.D. were deemed similar to those offered at UVM. In reviewing Student FTE and total ASF, the table delineates that the University of Michigan had the highest FTE enrollments (1,748 students) and the largest amount of space (1,053,369 ASF.) UVM, with 402 students, had the lowest enrollment of the benchmark institutions. In terms of ASF per Student FTE, UVM compared favorably, with 5% less space than the group. The analysis did not take into consideration the new Medical Education Center, under construction during the writing of this report. Reviewing room use categories, UVM s College of Medicine was above combined benchmark averages in Teaching, Open, and Research Laboratories. The largest deficit was noted in Study space were UVM had one ASF per Student FTE, which included two departmental reading rooms. The College of Medicine s Dana Library was demolished and a new library is being constructed in the Medical Education Center. The total ASF of the new Dana Medical library is 21,930 ASF and is included in this study under the Library analysis. College of Medicine ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 603 1,748 1,053,369 19 312 21 0 291 177 7 87 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 629 1,317 829,041 10 283 43 2 238 234 3 99 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 923 912 841,443 31 401 18 0 383 366 33 90 University of Wisconsin - Madison 708 1,327 938,856 8 273 27 8 238 294 47 85 Average 716 1,326 915,677 17 317 27 2 288 268 23 90 Boston University 745 922 686,765 30 302 26 28 248 301 31 80 Average 745 922 686,765 30 302 26 28 248 301 31 80 COMBINED AVERAGE 721 1,245 869,895 20 315 27 8 280 275 24 88 University of Vermont 681 402 273,656 18 392 35 8 350 223 1 47 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (35) (924) (642,021) 1 74 7 5 62 (45) (21) (44) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (5%) (230%) (235%) 5% 19% 21% 68% 18% (20%) (1,547%) (93%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (64) (520) (413,109) (12) 90 8 (21) 101 (78) (30) (33) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (9%) (129%) (151%) (69%) 23% 23% (271%) 29% (35%) (2,161%) (70%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (41) (843) (596,239) (2) 77 7 0 70 (52) (23) (41) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (6%) (210%) (218%) (10%) 20% 21% 1% 20% (23%) (1,670%) (89%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 27

Full-time faculty headcounts ranged from a low of 783 at the University of Michigan to a high of 1,151 at the University of Wisconsin. UVM s College of Medicine was the smallest at 383 faculty. For colleges of medicine, the number of full time faculty includes those in instructional, clinical and research positions. Since institutions had different way of reporting faculty data, the consultant verified information using the institution s website or direct contact via email. In some instances, faculty data were changed to reflect comparability among the institutions. UVM s College of Medicine 715 ASF per full-time faculty was 37% lower than the Aspirant s average at 979 ASF/Faculty but comparable to Boston University, which had 762 ASF/Faculty. With the exception of Teaching and Open, UVM was below benchmark combined averages in each of the room use categories. College of Medicine ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 1,345 783 1,053,369 42 697 47 0 650 396 16 194 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 732 1,133 829,041 12 330 51 2 277 272 3 115 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 1,022 823 841,443 35 445 20 0 425 406 37 100 University of Wisconsin - Madison 816 1,151 938,856 9 315 31 9 275 339 54 98 Average 979 973 915,677 24 447 37 3 407 353 28 127 Boston University 762 901 686,765 31 310 27 29 254 308 32 82 Average 762 901 686,765 31 310 27 29 254 308 32 82 COMBINED AVERAGE 935 958 869,895 26 419 35 8 376 344 28 118 University of Vermont 715 383 273,656 19 411 36 8 367 234 1 49 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (264) (590) (642,021) (6) (36) (1) 5 (40) (120) (26) (78) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (37%) (154%) (235%) (30%) (9%) (2%) 65% (11%) (51%) (1,822%) (158%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (48) (518) (413,109) (12) 101 9 (21) 113 (74) (30) (32) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (7%) (135%) (151%) (64%) 25% 25% (261%) 31% (32%) (2,104%) (66%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (221) (575) (596,239) (7) (8) 1 (0) (9) (110) (27) (69) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (31%) (150%) (218%) (37%) (2%) 3% (0%) (2%) (47%) (1,879%) (140%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 28

4.4.8 RUBENSTEIN SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES The Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources at UVM is a distinctive entity. Originally the School of Natural Resources, the name was changed in 2003 to reflect the contributions from the Rubenstein s of New Jersey. Majors in the School include Environmental Science and Studies, Forestry, Natural Resources, Recreation Management, and Wildlife and Fisheries Biology. As noted under the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences analysis, five of the benchmark institutions had their natural resources programs combined with their College of Agriculture. The University of Michigan, with the School of Natural Resources & Environment was the only benchmark institution with a program directly comparable UVM s. At the University of Rhode Island, the College of Environment and Life Sciences offered 18 undergraduate and 11 graduate majors. While encompassing life sciences, there were enough similarities to UVM to include them in the college level analysis. At Oklahoma State University, the College of Human Environmental Sciences was comprised of Design, Housing, and Merchandising, Nutritional Sciences, Family Science, and Hotel and Restaurant Management. It traces it roots to Home Economics at OSU. Due to the disparity of programs with UVM s School, the consultant excluded them from the analysis. School of Environmental and Natural Resources ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 174 431 75,141 10 31 12 0 19 56 8 70 Average 174 431 75,141 10 31 12 0 19 56 8 70 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 223 936 208,389 3 92 15 10 67 46 2 79 Average 223 936 208,389 3 92 15 10 67 46 2 79 COMBINED AVERAGE 198 684 141,765 7 62 14 5 43 51 5 74 University of Vermont 86 445 38,299 0 32 7 0 25 32 2 20 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (88) 14 (36,842) (10) 1 (5) 0 6 (24) (6) (50) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (103%) 3% (96%) - 5% (70%) - 25% (75%) (296%) (248%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (137) (491) (170,090) (3) (60) (8) (10) (42) (14) 0 (59) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (159%) (110%) (444%) - (185%) (118%) - (166%) (45%) 3% (296%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (112) (239) (103,466) (7) (29) (7) (5) (18) (19) (3) (54) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (131%) (54%) (270%) - (90%) (94%) - (70%) (60%) (146%) (272%) Since there are only two benchmark institutions in this study, results must be interpreted with caution. The table illustrates that while UVM s Student FTE is similar to the University of Michigan s program (445 vs. 431 FTE), UVM has half of the space in terms of ASF per Student FTE (86 vs.174 ASF/Student FTE). The University of Rhode Island had both the highest enrollment and the largest total ASF, much of which can be attributed to the life sciences component. A quick glance at ASF per Student FTE across the room use categories illustrates deficiencies in several areas as compared to combined benchmark averages. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 29

School of Environmental and Natural Resources ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 611 123 75,141 37 108 42 0 66 195 27 244 Average 611 123 75,141 37 108 42 0 66 195 27 244 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 2,742 76 208,389 43 1,136 190 118 828 567 23 972 Average 2,742 76 208,389 43 1,136 190 118 828 567 23 972 COMBINED AVERAGE 1,676 100 141,765 40 622 116 59 447 381 25 608 University of Vermont 1,418 27 38,299 0 534 117 0 417 523 32 329 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 808 (96) (36,842) (37) 425 74 0 351 328 5 85 UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 57% (356%) (96%) - 80% 64% - 84% 63% 16% 26% UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (1,323) (49) (170,090) (43) (603) (74) (118) (411) (44) 9 (643) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (93%) (181%) (444%) - (113%) (63%) - (99%) (8%) 28% (196%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (258) (73) (103,466) (40) (89) 0 (59) (30) 142 7 (279) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (18%) (269%) (270%) - (17%) 0% - (7%) 27% 22% (85%) Given the two institutions in this analysis, the results are self-explanatory. While UVM had only 27 full-time faculty, the ASF/Faculty was 57% above that of the University of Michigan but about half the amount at the University of Rhode Island. These differences are also reflected in several of the room use categories. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 30

4.4.9 COLLEGE OF NURSING AND HEALTH SCIENCES While seven of the benchmark institutions had a school or college of nursing, only one, the University of Delaware s College of Health and Nursing Sciences, offered similar health related programs to UVM. The total ASF, as noted in the table for UVM, does not include the dental hygiene program which is now under the Vermont Technical College administration. While the University of Michigan had the greatest amount of space (64,652 ASF), the University of Delaware had the largest student enrollment at 1,413 FTE. UVM, with enrollment of 302 FTE, tied with the University of Wisconsin - Madison for the lowest enrollment. With respect to ASF per Student FTE, UVM s 84 ASF/Student FTE was 59% higher than the at 35 ASF per Student FTE, but 23% lower than the at 103 ASF per Student FTE. On average, had three times as much space per student as the. A review of ASF per Student FTE across the room use categories reveals that UVM is below the benchmark combined average in Open, Office & Conference spaces and the Other categories. Unlike many other UVM schools and colleges, Research ASF per Student FTE was above and averages. College of Nursing and Health Sciences ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Student Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 79 815 64,652 6 6 3 0 3 60 2 4 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 88 473 41,695 8 13 4 0 9 56 4 8 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 72 448 32,081 n/a 8 6 2 0 46 2 16 University of Wisconsin - Madison 173 302 52,395 30 30 11 8 11 82 5 25 Average 103 510 47,706 15 14 6 3 6 61 3 13 University of Connecticut - Storrs 40 413 16,665 6 8 0 8 0 21 1 4 University of Delaware - Newark 15 1,413 21,157 3 2 0 2 0 9 0 1 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 48 446 21,619 2 16 16 0 0 19 0 11 Average 35 757 19,814 4 9 5 4 0 16 0 5 COMBINED AVERAGE 74 616 35,752 9 12 6 3 3 42 2 10 University of Vermont 84 302 25,233 0 37 23 2 11 35 3 8 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (20) (208) (22,473) (15) 23 17 (0) 5 (26) 1 (5) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (23%) (69%) (89%) - 62% 74% (17%) 48% (75%) 16% (57%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 49 (455) 5,419 (4) 28 18 (1) 11 19 3 3 UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 59% (151%) 21% - 76% 77% (62%) 100% 53% 91% 37% UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 10 (314) (10,519) (9) 25 18 (1) 8 (7) 2 (1) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 12% (104%) (42%) - 68% 75% (36%) 70% (20%) 48% (17%) Full-time faculty count averages differed slightly between and (47 vs. 42 faculty). UVM s College of Nursing and Health Sciences, with 37 faculty, ranked fifth among the benchmark institutions. Reviewing the average ASF per faculty, the had twice as much ASF/Faculty as (1,353 vs. 611 ASF/Faculty). UVM, with 682 ASF per faculty, was 10% above. UVM had more space per faculty than benchmark institutions in Teaching and Research, and Study spaces. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 31

College of Nursing and Health Sciences ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF Dept. Classrooms Total Teaching ASF per Faculty Open Research Office & Conf. Study Other University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 1,376 47 64,652 112 116 59 0 57 1,048 28 72 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 535 78 41,695 51 76 23 0 53 339 21 47 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 746 43 32,081 n/a 78 60 18 0 484 18 166 University of Wisconsin - Madison 2,758 19 52,395 482 489 177 133 179 1,307 75 403 Average 1,353 47 47,706 215 190 80 38 72 795 36 172 University of Connecticut - Storrs 833 20 16,665 117 174 0 174 0 435 17 90 University of Delaware - Newark 278 76 21,157 58 46 4 39 3 163 2 10 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 721 30 21,619 37 233 233 0 0 284 0 167 Average 611 42 19,814 70 151 79 71 1 294 6 89 COMBINED AVERAGE 1,035 45 35,752 143 173 79 52 42 580 23 136 University of Vermont 682 37 25,233 0 300 190 18 92 286 28 69 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (671) (10) (22,473) (215) 110 110 (20) 19 (509) (7) (103) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (98%) (26%) (89%) - 37% 58% (114%) 21% (178%) (26%) (148%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 71 (5) 5,419 (70) 149 111 (53) 91 (8) 22 (20) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 10% (14%) 21% - 50% 58% (302%) 99% (3%) 77% (29%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (353) (8) (10,519) (143) 127 110 (34) 50 (294) 5 (67) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (52%) (21%) (42%) - 42% 58% (194%) 54% (103%) 18% (97%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 32

4.5 RELATED BENCHMARKING FINDINGS CAMPUSWIDE SPACES The following spaces were collected from benchmark institutions as part of the electronic questionnaire. 4.5.1 CLASSROOMS Some institutions had either minimal or no space categorized for centralized classrooms. For purposes of this analysis, consultants combined such space with the classroom space assigned to specific colleges or schools. Although the University of Michigan had the most classroom space (544,719 ASF), Cornell University had the highest ratio of classroom space to student enrollment at 17 ASF/ Student FTE, which is not reflected among the other benchmark institutions or UVM. Closer observation reveals that UVM, with 12 ASF per Student FTE, was equal to the and slightly above the average (12 and 11 ASF per Student FTE) however, below the average of 15 ASF per Student FTE. UVM is also in line with the combined benchmark average. The 1% number on the combined average is due to rounding. Departmental & Centralized Classroom Institution Total ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 15 36,990 544,719 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 13 22,659 292,587 Pennsylvania State University - State College 10 39,246 391,130 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 12 19,891 236,720 University of Wisconsin - Madison 12 35,123 437,839 Average 12 30,782 380,599 University of Connecticut - Storrs 10 17,116 167,500 University of Delaware - Newark 14 17,843 248,387 Kansas State University - Manhattan 6 18,911 122,238 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 13 17,979 227,782 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 10 11,867 123,147 Average 11 16,743 177,811 Boston University 13 23,390 311,959 Cornell University - Ithaca 17 19,518 330,904 Average 15 21,454 321,432 COMBINED AVERAGE 12 23,378 245,164 University of Vermont 12 9,647 116,256 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (0) (21,135) (264,343) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (3%) (219%) (227%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 1 (7,096) (61,555) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 12% (74%) (53%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (3) (11,807) (205,176) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (26%) (122%) (176%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (0) (13,730) (128,908) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (1%) (142%) (111%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 33

4.5.2 UNIVERSITY LIBRARY The University Library category includes all spaces under the library (i.e., offices, open labs, classrooms) which report to the library and branches which are part of the library system. Department and program library spaces not under the library system or its branches were listed with their academic units. At UVM, the Main Library was comprised of spaces in the Bailey/Howe Library, 280 East Avenue, and the Library Research Annex. The Dana Medical Library is included in this analysis because it is part of the UVM Library System. A new medical library is under construction. Library spaces range from less than one-quarter million square feet to more than one half million square feet, with the combined average of 366,784 ASF. On average, UVM s library, at 18 ASF per student FTE, contained 11% more ASF/Student FTE than all benchmark institutions combined. UVM was slightly above average of 17 ASF per Student FTE and 19% higher than the average of 15 ASF/Student FTE. Library Institution Total ASF per Student Student FTE TOTAL ASF University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 16 36,990 586,713 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 20 22,659 462,861 Pennsylvania State University - State College 11 39,246 435,812 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 20 19,891 402,179 University of Wisconsin - Madison 18 35,123 621,704 Average 17 30,782 501,854 University of Connecticut - Storrs 18 17,116 311,854 University of Delaware - Newark 13 17,843 227,908 Kansas State University - Manhattan 14 18,911 259,200 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 11 17,979 196,924 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 18 11,867 208,207 Average 15 16,743 240,819 Boston University 7 23,390 174,827 Cornell University - Ithaca 26 19,518 513,220 Average 17 21,454 344,024 COMBINED AVERAGE 16 23,378 366,784 University of Vermont 18 9,647 173,950 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 1 (21,135) (327,904) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE 5% (219%) (189%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 3 (7,096) (66,869) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE 19% (74%) (38%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE 1 (11,807) (170,074) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE 6% (122%) (98%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 2 (13,730) (192,834) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE 11% (142%) (111%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 34

When total ASF for university library spaces are standardized by full-time faculty headcount, a slightly different picture emerges. Unlike the previous library analysis, large student FTE enrollment numbers were lowering the ASF per Student FTE, allowing UVM to have comparable outcomes. With faculty, UVM s 177 ASF/Faculty is 17% less than (average of 207 ASF/Faculty) and 44% lower than, which averaged 255 ASF/Faculty. When compared to all 12 benchmark institutions, UVM had 49 ASF less library space per full-time faculty, a difference of 27%. Library Institution Total ASF per Faculty FT Faculty TOTAL ASF University of Michigan - Ann Arbor 199 2,944 586,713 University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill 171 2,701 462,861 Pennsylvania State University - State College 150 2,911 435,812 University of Virginia - Charlottesville 213 1,891 402,179 University of Wisconsin - Madison 302 2,060 621,704 Average 207 2,501 501,854 University of Connecticut - Storrs 368 848 311,854 University of Delaware - Newark 213 1,068 227,908 Kansas State University - Manhattan 225 1,154 259,200 Oklahoma State University - Stillwater 164 1,201 196,924 University of Rhode Island - Kingston 308 677 208,207 Average 255 990 240,819 Boston University 70 2,495 174,827 Cornell University - Ithaca 328 1,564 513,220 Average 199 2,030 344,024 COMBINED AVERAGE 226 1,793 366,784 University of Vermont 177 981 173,950 UVM COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (30) (1,520) (327,904) UVM % COMPARED TO ASPIRANTS AVERAGE (17%) (155%) (189%) UVM COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (78) (9) (66,869) UVM % COMPARED TO PEERS AVERAGE (44%) (1%) (38%) UVM COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (22) (1,049) (170,074) UVM % COMPARED TO PRIVATE UNIV. AVERAGE (12%) (107%) (98%) UVM COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (49) (812) (192,834) UVM % COMPARED TO COMBINED AVERAGE (27%) (83%) (111%) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 35

APPENDICES PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 36

APPENDIX A COVER LETTER TO BENCHMARK INSTITUTIONS, QUESTIONNAIRE, AND INSTRUCTIONS PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 37

Greetings; Paulien & Associates Inc., a national planning consulting firm, was recently commissioned by the University of Vermont to assist in the revision of their master plan. One of the tasks involves conducting a facilities peer analysis, benchmarking the University of Vermont with other campuses considered peer or aspiration institutions. For this task, The University of Vermont wants to look at physical space per full-time faculty and per full-time equivalent (FTE) student for each college or division. Such comparisons provide insightful information during master planning and/or capital planning processes. The University of Vermont has identified 12 institutions to which it wants comparisons. These include, in alphabetical order: Boston University, University of Connecticut Storrs, Cornell University, University of Delaware Newark, Kansas State University, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, University of Michigan- Ann Arbor, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Pennsylvania State University-University Park, University of Rhode Island, and the University of Virginia. In each case, the main campus is the focus of this comparison to the University of Vermont Burlington. To conduct this study we are requesting that a representative from your institution provide the following information. 1) Recent facilities space data in assignable square feet (ASF) for the library, athletics, and each college or program of study, preferably by major classifications in the Postsecondary Educational Facilities Inventory and Classification Manual. A formatted shell table has been provided in Excel to assist with this task. 2) Recent fall student FTE data for the main campus and each college or division. 3) Recent full-time faculty headcounts for the campus and each college or division. The University of Vermont has agreed to allow the comparative information we gather and analyze for this task to be shared among the participants at the end of the study. More specifically, you will be able to compare classroom, teaching and research laboratories, offices, and other types of spaces for each of your schools and colleges. In past studies, participants informed us that the peer information was a valuable component in their facilities and capital planning processes. It would be tremendous help to know within the next couple of days whether your institution will be able to participate and provide information for this study. Definitions, timelines, and contact information are contained with the Instructions document attached to this email. If you feel that you are not the key representative for this study, we ask you to provide the name of the person who can determine your institution's participation. Thank you,

Brief Instructions Peer Benchmarking Study for the University of Vermont Paulien & Associates, Inc. Scope of Study Facilities, student, and faculty data limited to programs contained on the institutions flagship or main campus and collected recently. Include medical schools/colleges but not teaching hospitals. Colleges data from Fall 2003 is preferred. 1) An Excel template has been provided to assist in the data gathering task. We prefer that the file contain room use code categories based on the Postsecondary Education Facilities Inventory and Classification Manual as published by the National Center for Education statistics. A Glossary of Terms follows these instructions. 2) Please add any unlisted programs or academic space not dedicated to a school or college to the other category. 3) Enter assignable square feet (ASF) data by college/program and classification categories. If it is difficult to classify colleges/program by these categories or if your institution uses a different classifications system, complete the Total ASF section only. The Total ASF number should not contain any residential space. a. Pooled/Centralized Classrooms (110) and classroom services spaces (115) are spaces that are not assigned to any particular program or college within the institution. b. The University Library category includes all spaces under the library (i.e., offices, open labs, classrooms) which report to the library and branches which are part of the library system. Department and program library spaces not under the library system or its branches should be listed with their academic units. c. Athletics includes all spaces for athletic programs (gyms, seating areas, locker rooms, etc.). d. Physical Education/recreation spaces should be listed separately. Please note if physical education spaces/recreation are listed within a college or program of study. 4) There is a section on the spreadsheet to include buildings that are under construction or being renovated. If information is available to fill in the space amounts for these facilities, please provide it. If only total ASF is known, that will help as well. 5) Provide Fall 2003 student FTE data for each college/program of study. Student FTE includes both full and part-time students enrolled in the college bearing academic credit. If FTE is not available, student headcount can be substituted in this column. 6) Provide instructional faculty headcount data for Fall 2003 by college, division, or program of study. Fulltime faculty includes both tenured and non-tenured faculty as well as full-time lecturers/instructors whose primary activity is teaching and/or research on the main campus. 7) Questions or comments should be addressed to Frank Markley, Ph.D. at fmarkley@paulien.com or by phone at (303) 832-3272. Completed spreadsheets can be submitted electronically. Thank you for your time in completing this request.

PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. PLANNING CONSULTANTS 2004 University of Vermont Peer Benchmarking Study Institution Name: Add University Title Assignable Square Footage TOTAL ASF without Residential Classrooms (100's) Instructional Open (200s) (220-235) Research (250-255) Office & Conf (300's) Study (400's) Special Use (500's) General Use (600's) Support (700's) Health Care (800's) Other (500-600) Fall Term Student FTE FT Faculty Headcount* MAIN CAMPUS TOTAL ASF (Excluding Residential) Total Fall 2004 Student FTE FT Faculty Headcount Totals Pooled/Centralized Classrooms ------------------------ University Library Athletics Physical Education/Recreation* Total Residential Space Information Submitted by: Name: Thank you for your assistance in completing this survey. I assure you that your time is greatly appreciated. We need to Title: have your response by November 12, 2004 in order to meet our deadline. We will make the results of this Peer Department: Analysis available to all participants after the study is complete. Institution: Address: Address: City/State/Zip: If you would like to receive the results of this study, Telephone: please check this box. E-mail address: * Is the Physical Education/Recreation space included in any of the above listed units? YES (circle one) PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 40

APPENDIX B GLOSSARY OF TERMS PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 41

GLOSSARY OF TERMS Classrooms Classrooms are rooms used for instruction or lecture classes that are not specific to a subject area or discipline by the equipment found in the room or the configuration of the room. Classrooms are identified by the room use codes 110 and 115. Teaching Laboratories Rooms used for formally or regularly scheduled classes that require special equipment or a special room configuration for discipline-specific program delivery. Teaching Laboratories are identified by the room use codes 210 and 215. Open Laboratories Rooms that are not regularly scheduled, are informally scheduled, or open for student use for individual or group study, or for laboratory experimentation. Open Laboratories are identified by the room use codes 220 and 225. Research Laboratories Rooms used primarily for laboratory experimentation, research or training in research methods, professional research and observation, or structured creative activity within a specific program. Research Laboratories are identified by the room use codes 250 and 255. Office and Conference Administrative faculty, staff, and student space for office needs and conference rooms are included in this category. Also included is office service space that may or may not consist of offices or conference rooms, such as work rooms, break rooms, storage rooms, waiting/reception, or other space that directly serve office functions. Office spaces are identified by the room use codes 310, 315, 350, and 355. Library Library/study space is classified into five categories: study room, stack, open-stack study room, processing room, and study service. Library space is identified by the room use codes 410 through 455. Assembly/Exhibit Assembly spaces are those rooms designed and equipped for the assembly of many persons for dramatic, musical, or other events. These spaces include theaters, concert halls, and arenas. Spaces used primarily for instruction or practice are typically coded separately as laboratory space. Exhibit spaces are rooms used for the exhibition of materials, works of art, or artifacts and are intended for general use by faculty, students, staff, and the public. Displays that are intended for instructional purposes and not for general exhibition, such as departmental instructional displays of anthropological, botanical, or geological specimens should be classified as laboratory space. Assembly space is identified by the room use codes 610 and 615. Exhibit space is identified by the room use codes 620 and 625. Athletics/Physical Education/Recreation Indoor spaces for recreational, athletic, or physical education activities. These spaces include fitness centers, weight rooms, gymnasiums, and swimming pools, as well as the locker rooms and spectator seating areas associated with these spaces. Athletics/Physical Education/Recreation space is identified by room use codes 520, 523, and 525. Student Union Spaces in a student union or student center used for student activities including lounges, merchandising, food service, recreation rooms, meeting rooms, student government, and student organizations. Student Union spaces are identified by room use codes 630 through 685. Residence Life Spaces for housing students including dormitory rooms, suites, and apartments and the support spaces for these such as laundry rooms, lounges, and dining services. Residence life spaces are identified by room use codes 910 through 955. Other Space Spaces allocated to a specific college that do not fit into any of the other categories. These spaces include but are not limited to such areas as media production, meeting rooms, central storage, study rooms, etc. This type of space varies by college and assumptions of other space by college are made on an individual basis. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 42

Assignable Square Feet (ASF) The space within each room. Assignable square feet include spaces that are assigned to a particular user and does not include general building space such as janitorial closets, various circulation areas, and mechanical rooms that cannot be occupied by the users. Student Credit Hours The total student enrollment multiplied by the credit hours of courses delivered. We are requesting these for the Fall 2004 term. Full-Time Faculty Full-time faculty that includes tenured, tenure-track, and non-tenure track professors and instructors who have a full-time appointment. This category does not include part-time adjunct instructors. PAULIEN & ASSOCIATES, INC. Page 43