ENERGINO: Hardware and Software Solution for Energy Consumption Monitoring Karina Gomez, Roberto Riggio, Tinku Rasheed, Daniele Miorandi, Fabrizio Granelli CREATE-NET Research, Trento, Italy Email: first.secondname@create-net.org University of Trento, Trento, Italy Email: fabrizio.granelli@disi.unitn.it This work was partially funded by the Research Project GREENET (PITNGA2010264759).
Outline 1 Introduction & Motivations 2 ENERGINO power meter 3 Experiments & Observation 4 Power Consumption Models 5 Conclusions
Outline 1 Introduction & Motivations 2 ENERGINO power meter 3 Experiments & Observation 4 Power Consumption Models 5 Conclusions
Green Wireless Networking Some key questions: Where is the power used in Wireless Network? How is the power consumed in Wireless Network? How much of the power is wasted? What are the critical aspects of wireless technologies with respect to power consumption? What is the relation between traffic load and power consumption in Wireless Network?
In Search of Energy-Efficient Wireless Networking
Approaches to power consumption monitoring Features Resolution Plug-load meters Low Oscilloscopes Very High Sampling Rate Low Very High Price Ease of deployment Average Ease Very High Hard
Approaches to power consumption monitoring Features Resolution Plug-load meters Low Oscilloscopes Very High Sampling Rate Low Very High Price Ease of deployment Average Ease Very High Hard
Outline 1 Introduction & Motivations 2 ENERGINO power meter 3 Experiments & Observation 4 Power Consumption Models 5 Conclusions
Energino: Hardware and Software Solution for Energy Consumption Monitoring Resolution Very High (10mW) Sampling Rate Very High (1ms) Plug load power meter designed to monitor the energy consumption of DC devices Hardware and software components both based on the Arduino platform. Price/ Power Low(~40euro)/ ~0.1-1W Ease of deployment Very ease
Energino: Hardware and Software Solution for Energy Consumption Monitoring Voltage Current Managment Connectivity 0-55V 0-5A On/Off Ethernet/wireless /USB
Outline 1 Introduction & Motivations 2 ENERGINO power meter 3 Experiments & Observation 4 Power Consumption Models 5 Conclusions
Experimental Setups IEEE 802.11 Access Point (AP). The AP is part of the Berlin Open Wireless Lab (BOWL)1 testbed deployed at Deutsche Telekom Laboratories in Berlin, Germany. Traffic Client is a PC Indoor office environment ~3 meters between client and AP Auto-modulation and the transmission power has been left to its default value equal to 17dBm (50.12 mw) 1 Available at: http://www.bowl.tu-berlin.de/
Methodology Traffic is injected at the AP or the client and is modeled as a single UDP flow. Statistic: Packets loss, Bandwidth and Power Consumption Each run was performed for 200 seconds (4 total runs) The results will be reported only in terms of average values with the respective 95% confidence interval. Power consumption measurements always refer to the Access Point The following experiments have been considered: 1. Constant Bitrate, variable packet length 2. Variable Bitrate, fixed packet length 3. Variable Bitrate, fixed modulation type Modulation Type Data Rate [Mb/s] Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) 6/9 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) 12/18 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16-QAM) 24/36 64-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (64-QAM) 48/54
Experimental Results (Tx/Rx power consumption vs. packet generation rate with packet length of 1000 bytes) The power consumption behavior of the AP acting as transmitter and receiver is similar. Receiver mode is significantly more power efficient than transmitter mode. The power consumption is monotonically increasing with the traffic load until it reaches a saturation point. Saturation point: the offered traffic rate is higher than the physical link data rate.
Experimental Results (Tx/Rx power consumption vs. packet length for 10Mb/s) The AP consumes significantly more energy to transmit short packets (MAC layer protocol overheads). When the packet size is larger the Maximum Transmission Unit of the link the bandwidth utilization decreases and the power consumption increases: (a) packet fragmentation and packet reassembling, (b) buffering and (c) MAC layer overhead.
Outline 1 Introduction & Motivations 2 ENERGINO power meter 3 Experiments & Observation 4 Power Consumption Models 5 Conclusions
Power Consumption Model as a funtion of Traffic Power Consumption in the saturation Power Consumption in any midpoint -> slope of the curve Power Consumption in idle
Power Consumption Model as a funtion of Packet Length Power Consumption with the null packet length, i.e. no payload Power Consumption in any midpoint (smaller packet length) -> slope of the curve Power Consumption for X Mbps with optimal packet length
Conclusions Energino an hardware and software solution for real time energy consumption monitoring in wireless networks. We evaluated the distinctive features of energino power meter in a real testbed. We presented a simple and realistic power consumption model for wireless access gateways.
Future work We are investigating the power consumption of wireless access gateways with multiple users and real traffic (outdoor testbed in Berlin and indoor testbed in Trento). We are planning to combine the rate based and the packet length based models into a single model capable of taking into account both aspects. We are planning to use energino for modeling the power consumption of cellular base station
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Hardware schematics and software are released with a permissive license (BSD) (http://www.wing-project.org/doku.php?id=energino) FREE DOWNLOAD