FTTn/VDSL2 Broadband Networks
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1 FTTn/VDSL2 Broadband Networks Capabilities and Economics Richard N. Clarke Assistant Vice President AT&T - Public Policy rnclarke@att.com Fibre Investment and Policy Challenges OECD Workshop Stavanger, Norway 10-April AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
2 Overview of presentation What is AT&T s fiber strategy? What is FTTn/VDSL2 network architecture? What are its capabilities? What are its economics? Why is it a good broadband strategy? The FTTn/VDSL2 technologies, architectures, services and costs described in this presentation are generic unless explicitly identified to be those of AT&T U-verse Page 2
3 Competitive NGN environment in the USA Wireline deployments ADSL2+ (Covad/Embarq) FTTn/VDSL2 (AT&T) FTTH/PON (Verizon/Surewest) FTTH/point-to-point (Utopia) HFC DOCSIS 3.0 (Comcast) BPL (Current/Duke) Wireless (terrestrial) HSPDA/HSUPA/HSPA+ (AT&T) EV-DO Rev.A/B (Verizon/Sprint) Wi-Fi (Earthlink/T-Mobile) WiMAX (Clearwire/Sprint) LTE (AT&T/Verizon) Satellite (HughesNet/WildBlue) Satellites Powerline Fiber Copper Coax Wireless carriers These services currently offer throughputs up to 50 Mbps and at prices as low as $15/month Page 3
4 AT&T s fiber strategy Reach more customers in less time Invest efficiently Deploy quickly to compete sooner in the marketplace Deliver a pure IPTV solution Build a converged broadband platform for the future AT&T U-verse FTTn/VDSL2 platform Pass 30 million living units over 5 years ( ) Cost per home passed in the low-us$300 range Page 4
5 What is FTTn/VDSL2 network architecture? 2007 AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
6 FTTn/VDSL2 schematic FTTn/PON (Greenfield) WWW ISP Backhaul / Backbone Central Office NID STB GW PC STB FTTn/VDSL2 PC VDSL2 fiber node Copper-pair cable Fiber cable Page 6
7 Video distribution technologies Broadcast RF video Video Service Video Provider Service Provider Network must support all content simultaneously from head end to customer Content limited by total bandwidth VDSL2: switched IP video Video Service Provider Video switch Switched multicast IP distribution of content Network delivers to home only the customer s chosen content Shared platform with VoIP and HSIA Page 7
8 What are FTTn/VDSL2 s capabilities? 2007 AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
9 Evolving service capabilities Service Profile Future? HDTV streams HDTV HDTV HDTV HDTV HDTV HDTV streams Internet HSIA ( 6 Mbps) HSIA ( 10 Mbps) HSIA ( 10 Mbps) VoIP lines VoIP line VoIP line VoIP line VoIP line VoIP line VoIP line Target throughput 25 Mbps 25 Mbps Mbps Service capabilities improve as bandwidth expands and/or video encoding/compression becomes more efficient Page 9
10 Service requirements Standard definition IPTV () MPEG2 coding: ~3 Mbps MPEG4 AVC/H.264 coding: generally at Mbps High definition IPTV (HDTV) MPEG2 coding: ~16 Mbps MPEG4 AVC/H.264 coding Currently: 8-9 Mbps Future: 6 Mbps High speed Internet access (HSIA) Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Figures are industry approximations and not an indication of AT&T s actual encoding rates Compression industry estimates Mbps 2H04 1H05 2H05 1H06 2H06 1H07 HIGH DEFINITION STANDARD DEFINITION MPEG2 MPEG4 AVC MPEG4 AVC: better picture at half the bit rate of MPEG2 Page 10
11 Transmission innovations: capped VBR Constant bit rate 25 Mbps HSIA 25 Mbps Capped variable bit rate HSIA bursts into video bandwidth HDTV HDTV Hybrid between CBR and VBR Variable bit rate video encoding enables HSIA to use bandwidth not being currently used by video streams VDSL2 QoS service segmentation protects quality of VoIP and video while allowing HSIA data to burst into video bandwidth Figures are industry approximations and not an indication of AT&T s actual encoding rates Page 11
12 VDSL2 bandwidth capability Mbit/sec VDSL2 Bandwidth vs. Copper Loop Length 37 Mbit/sec 25 Mbit/sec Single pair Feet 2 bonded pair Design specification examples: 25 Mbit/sec Single pair 3000 foot maximum copper distance 37 Mbit/sec Single pair foot max copper distance 2 bonded pair 2000 to 3000 foot max copper distance Figures are from ATIS and are illustrative only, they not intended to depict AT&T s particular experience. Actual throughputs will depend on the specific characteristics of the loop plant and network equipment deployed. Page 12
13 VDSL2 future Available bandwidth is increasing Improvements in signal processing/crosstalk reduction Pair bonding Loop-shortening Service-specific bandwidth requirements are falling Compression technologies continue to improve Transmission technologies allow increased utilization efficiency Future of technical platform is bright Page 13
14 What are FTTn/VDSL2 s economics? 2007 AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
15 Telecom network cost rules The closer equipment is to the customer s home, the greater its share of total network cost Drops and loops are the most expensive on a per-home basis Shared facilities further back in the network are less expensive on a per-home basis The cheapest network equipment is the equipment that is already in place Page 15
16 VDSL2 economics Video service-specific infrastructure deployed out to Video Hub Offices Fiber extended into neighborhoods until customers are within ~3000 feet (1 km) of a VDSL2 fiber node Network linking fiber nodes is made highly resilient VDSL2 reuse of embedded copper loops and drops the most expensive network components Minimal disturbance of neighborhood rights-of-way Does not disturb customers lawns and driveways Only required work is on the side of the customer s house and possibly on the in-home wiring Page 16
17 VDSL2 economics Costs of the AT&T U-verse buildout have been reasonable Cost to extend fiber into neighborhoods and install video multicast-capable nodes has been in the low US$300 range Success-based costs (NID, STB, install) in US$600-$700 range Customer reaction has been strong Growing market share This response occurs in the face of highly-entrenched facilities-based competition from: Cable television/modem networks (DOCSIS-HFC) Direct broadcast satellite systems (DBS) Share of Addressable Market U-verse penetration 7.3% 9.5% 11.4% 13.4% 3 to to to Months Page 17
18 Why is FTTn/VDSL2 a good broadband strategy? 2007 AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
19 FTTn/VDSL2 advantages Absolute cost Cost per subscriber is about half PON FTTH cost of ~US$2000 Cost structure FTTn/VDSL2 costs are predominantly success-based FTTH costs are more heavily fixed Time to market Deployment is much faster than FTTH Real options Capabilities of VDSL2 are expanding Costs of fiber deployments are dropping High real options cost of deploying FTTH immediately Page 19
20 Bandwidth debate: What is important to the customer? Arguments for FTTH have focused on position that more is better Without IPTV, video capacity is limited Inability of current network middle to accommodate ultrahigh bandwidth access Inadequate business case for delivery of ultrahigh bandwidth non-video applications Extremely expensive may not be broadly viable Requires very high market share for financial success But what matters to customers is available content, end-to-end performance and good value Limitless carriage of IP video content Consistent with evolving middle of the network capacities and costs Sound business case based on demonstrated large-scale residential demand Cheaper and more accessible to larger population Accommodates facilities-based competition Page 20
21 Conclusions Both FTTH and FTTN/VDSL2 are: Exceptionally capable technologies Able to offer customers vastly expanded services of all types Require very significant capital investments It is not obvious that one technology is a better choice than another from either a technical or economic point-of-view It likely will take at least 5-10 years to resolve fully the relative economics and capabilities We should be pleased that private companies are undertaking the investments today to deploy both of these advanced broadband networks Page 21
22 Thanks for your attention AT&T Knowledge Ventures. All rights reserved. AT&T and the AT&T logo are trademarks of AT&T Knowledge Ventures.
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