Motion Sensing without Sensors: Information. Harvesting from Signal Strength Measurements
|
|
- Thomasine Richard
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Motion Sensing without Sensors: Information Harvesting from Signal Strength Measurements D. Puccinelli and M. Haenggi Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame, Indiana, USA {dpuccine, Abstract This letter shows how physical phenomena affecting radio communication can be exploited to turn any wireless network into a wireless sensor network for motion detection without any actual sensing hardware. Motion of individuals or objects in the network area produces shadowing and multipath fading effects altering the received signal strength. The ability to measure signal strength, which wireless terminals normally have, is sufficient to enable motion detection. This idea is particularly suitable for based networks, but its simplicity and the lightweight nature of its possible implementations also allow its use as a virtually free add-on feature for lower-end wireless sensor networks. Introduction: In the wireless realm, the term fading refers to deviations of the received signal strength (RSS) from its expected value [1]. Localized fluctuations are due to small-scale fading (a.k.a. multipath fading), whereas stronger variations of the signal are brought about by shadowing 1
2 and the large-scale path loss. Fading is a spatial phenomenon; temporal variations occur either because of the motion of the terminals or because of changes in the environment where the nodes are deployed. Shadowing falls somewhere in between large-scale path loss and small-scale fading and accounts for large-scale variations in the signal strength due to the interposition of obstacles between two terminals and the consequent interruption of the line-of-sight (LOS). Large obstacles create shadow zones that cause deep fades if a receiver happens to enter them. These physical phenomena modulate the RSS and thus enrich it with information that can be harvested for the detection of changing conditions in the surroundings of the network. In particular, since any such variation is due to some form of motion, the constructive exploitation of fading and shadowing for motion detection is a particularly interesting example of information harvesting and constitutes the focus of this paper. We illustrate our idea with examples obtained with IEEE b-compliant hardware and two different platforms from the Berkeley mote family: MICA2, equipped with a 433MHz narrowband radio, and MICAz, built around an IEEE compliant radio operating at 2.4GHz. Principles of RSS-based Motion Detection: The key concept is that the motion of individuals or objects between or near wireless transceivers leaves a characteristic footprint on the RSS. Given a pointto-point wireless link, the normalized receiver gain may be modeled as 2 MX S i G = exp ( j2πd i), (1) d i i=0 where M is the number of paths, d i is the length of the i th path (note that d 0 is the transmitter-receiver distance), and S i is the reflection/penetration coefficient of the i-th path. If individuals or objects move across the LOS path or a strong reflected path, the receiver gain G 2
3 is subject to significant, abrupt variations whose amplitude can be easily estimated given a particular geometry. For the following numerical example, we focus on the wavelength of MICA2 (λ = 69cm). Let us consider the scenario in Figure 1: in a room, a person or an object moves between two wireless terminals (a transmitter T and a receiver R). When the body is static in its original location away from the terminals, the signal from T propagates to R through 3 different paths: a LOS path and 2 reflected paths (M = 2). We assume a penetration coefficient S 0 = 0.2 in case the LOS is shadowed and S 0 = 1 otherwise. Further, for i > 0 we assume that S i = 0 if the i the path is interrupted, and S i = 0.8 otherwise, due to the reflection off the obstacle. When the body is in position A, it shadows path 1, and the gain at R with respect to the static conditions is about 2.4dB. At position B, the body shadows the LOS, and the gain is -9.7dB. In C, path 2 is blocked off and the gain at R is -1.8dB. This is just an example and is contingent on the particular geometry and propagation conditions described above. However, our experimental experience confirms that an RSS drop of the order of -10dB can be expected when the LOS is shadowed, as shown by Figures 2 and 3. In particular, Figure 2 shows an experiment with MICA2 in which the motes are placed by the sides of a door, and a person exits and reenters the room through that very door. Figure 3 shows a similar motion detection experiment with MICAz; here several people go back and forth in and out of the room. Motion can be easily detected from the clear footprint that it leaves on the RSS; in essence, we are exploiting the shadowing of the LOS. When other paths are blocked off, smaller fluctuations can be expected, which are indicative of motion near the nodes. Note that the shadowing effect is dependent on the distance d 0 between the transmitter and the receiver. As a rule of thumb, d 0 must be smaller than the average distance between the transceivers and the obstacles. In rich scattering environments, d 0 should be as small as possible, as long as the receiver lies in the far field 3
4 of the transmitting antenna. Application in based networks: An RSS-based motion detection scheme is particularly appealing if implemented in the form of an overlay to regular network operation. In networks where wireless terminals routinely exchange packets, motion detection capabilities may be added as long as the radios are able to measure RSS. This enables motion detection at no additional cost: there is no need for sensors or additional hardware of any kind. For instance, any based wireless network can be used to log the signal strength in a particular environment. Users can simply leave their wireless network on and later refer to the signal strength log to extract motion-related information betraying a particular kind of activity. As shown in Figure 4, it is sufficient to look at the variations in the RSS to conclude whether or not people are active inside the room where a point-to-point motion detection system is located. A very simple signal processing algorithm can automatically recognize RSS variations. One possibility is comparing a moving average over time windows of different sizes; a difference between ±2dB and ±5dB would be indicative of activity near the terminals, whereas a variation of about 10dB would most likely signal a shadowing effect due to motion between them. The choice of the window sizes obviously depends on the characteristics of the motion events one wishes to detect. For ordinary motion patterns (i.e., people walking into a room), it makes sense to compare a moving average over a window of 10s to a moving average over a window of 1s. The links between an compliant terminal and wireless access points of known location can also be exploited. Conclusions: We have introduced the exploitation of signal strength variations for sensorless motion detection in wireless networks. We interpret the information contained in the fluctuations of the RF signal strength in order to detect activity and motion in point-to-point settings, 4
5 and we illustrate this with examples obtained with simple experimental setups. This form of motion detection is particularly appealing as an added feature to existing wireless networks. It provides a minimal overhead (due to its simplicity), and has a large number of interesting applications, especially in surveillance and monitoring. This idea is not necessarily an alternative, but rather a complement to conventional sensing: our sensorless approach can be used in conjunction with traditional motion sensors for increased robustness and reduction of false alarm rates. Last but not least, another benefit of RSS-based activity detection lies in its educational value. In a classroom setting, RSS-based motion detection can be easily used to impressively demonstrate the causes and the effects of fading. References 1. GOLDSMITH, A. : Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, USA, 2005 Authors affiliations: D. Puccinelli and M. Haenggi (Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States) dpuccine@nd.edu Figure captions: Fig. 1 Layout for our motion detection experiment. Fig. 2 Motion detection experiment: two MICA2 transceivers are placed by the sides of a door, and a person walks out and back in the room through the door, leaving a clear footprint on the RSS. 5
6 Fig. 3 A motion detection experiment with MICAz hardware: people walk in and out of the room, each time leaving an unmistakable footprint on signal strength. Fig.4 Motion detection with an b link. 6
7 path 2 3m C Moving Body T B R path 1 A 2m 2.5m Figure 1: 56 Received Signal Strength [dbm] Time [s] Figure 2: 7
8 RSS [dbm] Time [s] Figure 3: 8
9 75 80 RSS [dbm] Motion near the nodes Motion between nodes Time [s] Figure 4: 9
You will need the following pieces of equipment to complete this experiment:
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering ECE422H1S: RADIO AND MICROWAVE WIRELESS SYSTEMS EXPERIMENT 3:
More informationcommunication over wireless link handling mobile user who changes point of attachment to network
Wireless Networks Background: # wireless (mobile) phone subscribers now exceeds # wired phone subscribers! computer nets: laptops, palmtops, PDAs, Internet-enabled phone promise anytime untethered Internet
More informationI. Wireless Channel Modeling
I. Wireless Channel Modeling April 29, 2008 Qinghai Yang School of Telecom. Engineering qhyang@xidian.edu.cn Qinghai Yang Wireless Communication Series 1 Contents Free space signal propagation Pass-Loss
More informationExploiting Radio Irregularity in the Internet of Things for Automated People Counting
Exploiting Radio Irregularity in the Internet of Things for Automated People Counting Wei-chuan Lin Winston K.G. Seah Wei Li School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University of Wellington,
More informationMultipath fading in wireless sensor mote
Multipath fading in wireless sensor mote Vaishali M.Tech (VLSI), IMSEC, Ghaziabad/MTU, Noida Abstract: In this paper we study about the new technology as to transfer the data with the help of smart device,
More informationFOOTPRINT MODELING AND CONNECTIVITY ANALYSIS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS. A Thesis Presented. Changfei Chen. The University of Vermont.
FOOTPRINT MODELING AND CONNECTIVITY ANALYSIS FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS A Thesis Presented by Changfei Chen to The Faculty of the Graduate College of The University of Vermont In Partial Fulfillment
More informationT-79.7001 Postgraduate Course in Theoretical Computer Science T-79.5401 Special Course in Mobility Management: Ad hoc networks (2-10 cr) P V
T-79.7001 Postgraduate Course in Theoretical Computer Science T-79.5401 Special Course in Mobility Management: Ad hoc networks (2-10 cr) P V professor Hannu H. Kari Laboratory for Theoretical Computer
More informationSecure and Reliable Wireless Communications for Geological Repositories and Nuclear Facilities
Session S14: Safeguards Needs at Geological Repositories and Encapsulation Facilities Secure and Reliable Wireless Communications for Geological Repositories and Nuclear Facilities Richard E. Twogood Dirac
More informationExperiment Measurements for Packet Reception Rate in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol, No., November 009 Experiment Measurements for Packet Reception Rate in Wireless Underground Sensor Networks Adel Ali Ahmed 1, Norsheila Fisal
More informationUnderstanding Range for RF Devices
Understanding Range for RF Devices October 2012 White Paper Understanding how environmental factors can affect range is one of the key aspects to deploying a radio frequency (RF) solution. This paper will
More informationAS MORE WIRELESS and sensor networks are deployed,
2418 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, VOL. 59, NO. 5, JUNE 2010 Detecting and Localizing Identity-Based Attacks in Wireless and Sensor Networks Yingying Chen, Member, IEEE, Jie Yang, Student
More informationEE4367 Telecom. Switching & Transmission. Prof. Murat Torlak
Path Loss Radio Wave Propagation The wireless radio channel puts fundamental limitations to the performance of wireless communications systems Radio channels are extremely random, and are not easily analyzed
More informationOutdoor Propagation Prediction in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN)
Outdoor Propagation Prediction in Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) Akpado K.A 1, Oguejiofor O.S 1, Abe Adewale 2, Femijemilohun O.J 2 1 Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe
More informationNew Insights into WiFi-based Device-free Localization
New Insights into WiFi-based Device-free Localization Heba Aly Dept. of Computer and Systems Engineering Alexandria University, Egypt heba.aly@alexu.edu.eg Moustafa Youssef Wireless Research Center Egypt-Japan
More informationis the power reference: Specifically, power in db is represented by the following equation, where P0 P db = 10 log 10
RF Basics - Part 1 This is the first article in the multi-part series on RF Basics. We start the series by reviewing some basic RF concepts: Decibels (db), Antenna Gain, Free-space RF Propagation, RF Attenuation,
More informationSmartDiagnostics Application Note Wireless Interference
SmartDiagnostics Application Note Wireless Interference Publication Date: May 27, 2015 KCF Technologies, Inc. Background The SmartDiagnostics wireless network is an easy to install, end-to-end machine
More informationLocation management Need Frequency Location updating
Lecture-16 Mobility Management Location management Need Frequency Location updating Fig 3.10 Location management in cellular network Mobility Management Paging messages Different paging schemes Transmission
More informationPART 5D TECHNICAL AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICES RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1188
Rec. ITU-R M.1188 1 PART 5D TECHNICAL AND OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS OF MOBILE-SATELLITE SERVICES Rec. ITU-R M.1188 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.1188 IMPACT OF PROPAGATION ON THE DESIGN OF NON-GSO MOBILE-SATELLITE
More informationNEW WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIMITED. 2 nd Trial Test Report on 3.5GHz Broadband Wireless Access Technology
NEW WORLD TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIMITED 2 nd Trial Test Report on 3.5GHz Broadband Wireless Access Technology Issue Number: 01 Issue Date: 20 April 2006 New World Telecommunications Ltd Page 1 of 9 Issue
More informationAttenuation (amplitude of the wave loses strength thereby the signal power) Refraction Reflection Shadowing Scattering Diffraction
Wireless Physical Layer Q1. Is it possible to transmit a digital signal, e.g., coded as square wave as used inside a computer, using radio transmission without any loss? Why? It is not possible to transmit
More informationZigBee Propagation for Smart Metering Networks
ZigBee Propagation for Smart Metering Networks The UK government requires energy suppliers to take all reasonable steps to deploy smart meters in customer residences in Great Britain by 2019, with the
More informationPointers on using the 5GHz WiFi bands
Pointers on using the 5GHz WiFi bands Legalities In the UK, there are two main types of radio devices that use the 5GHz frequency bands. The most common are those devices that conform to the 11a standard.
More informationAN INTRODUCTION TO TELEMETRY PART 1: TELEMETRY BASICS
AN INTRODUCTION TO TELEMETRY PART 1: TELEMETRY BASICS Telemetry is defined as the sensing and measuring of information at some remote location and then transmitting that information to a central or host
More informationA Routing Algorithm Designed for Wireless Sensor Networks: Balanced Load-Latency Convergecast Tree with Dynamic Modification
A Routing Algorithm Designed for Wireless Sensor Networks: Balanced Load-Latency Convergecast Tree with Dynamic Modification Sheng-Cong Hu r00631036@ntu.edu.tw Jen-Hou Liu r99631038@ntu.edu.tw Min-Sheng
More informationDynamic Reconfiguration & Efficient Resource Allocation for Indoor Broadband Wireless Networks
Dynamic Reconfiguration & Efficient Resource Allocation for Indoor Broadband Wireless Networks Tim Farnham, Brian Foxon* Home Communications Department HP Laboratories Bristol HPL-98-123 June, 1998 broadband,
More informationRadio Physics for Wireless Devices and Networking. The Radio Physics of WiFi. By Ron Vigneri
Radio Physics for Wireless Devices and Networking By Ron Vigneri The Radio Physics of WiFi The standard for wireless LANs (WLANs) was completed in 1997 with the release of the IEEE 802.11 specification
More informationBluetooth voice and data performance in 802.11 DS WLAN environment
1 (1) Bluetooth voice and data performance in 802.11 DS WLAN environment Abstract In this document, the impact of a 20dBm 802.11 Direct-Sequence WLAN system on a 0dBm Bluetooth link is studied. A typical
More informationA SIMULATION STUDY ON SPACE-TIME EQUALIZATION FOR MOBILE BROADBAND COMMUNICATION IN AN INDUSTRIAL INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
A SIMULATION STUDY ON SPACE-TIME EQUALIZATION FOR MOBILE BROADBAND COMMUNICATION IN AN INDUSTRIAL INDOOR ENVIRONMENT U. Trautwein, G. Sommerkorn, R. S. Thomä FG EMT, Ilmenau University of Technology P.O.B.
More informationCharacterization of Ultra Wideband Channel in Data Centers
Characterization of Ultra Wideband Channel in Data Centers N. Udar 1,K.Kant 2,R.Viswanathan 1, and D. Cheung 2 1 Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 2 Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR Abstract.
More informationWhite Paper: Microcells A Solution to the Data Traffic Growth in 3G Networks?
White Paper: Microcells A Solution to the Data Traffic Growth in 3G Networks? By Peter Gould, Consulting Services Director, Multiple Access Communications Limited www.macltd.com May 2010 Microcells were
More informationCDMA Performance under Fading Channel
CDMA Performance under Fading Channel Ashwini Dyahadray 05307901 Under the guidance of: Prof Girish P Saraph Department of Electrical Engineering Overview Wireless channel fading characteristics Large
More informationProtocolo IEEE 802.15.4. Sergio Scaglia SASE 2012 - Agosto 2012
Protocolo IEEE 802.15.4 SASE 2012 - Agosto 2012 IEEE 802.15.4 standard Agenda Physical Layer for Wireless Overview MAC Layer for Wireless - Overview IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol Overview Hardware implementation
More informationEstimation of Position and Orientation of Mobile Systems in a Wireless LAN
Proceedings of the 46th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control New Orleans, LA, USA, Dec. 12-14, 2007 Estimation of Position and Orientation of Mobile Systems in a Wireless LAN Christof Röhrig and Frank
More informationCharacterizing Wireless Network Performance
Characterizing Wireless Network Performance Ruckus Wireless Black Paper Accurate performance testing for wireless networks requires understanding how to test for worst case scenarios As expensive and inconvenient
More informationMIMO Antenna Systems in WinProp
MIMO Antenna Systems in WinProp AWE Communications GmbH Otto-Lilienthal-Str. 36 D-71034 Böblingen mail@awe-communications.com Issue Date Changes V1.0 Nov. 2010 First version of document V2.0 Feb. 2011
More informationAccuracy of a Commercial UWB 3D Location/Tracking System and its Impact on LT Application Scenarios
2 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband Paper # 168962182 Accuracy of a Commercial UWB 3D Location/Tracking System and its Impact on LT Application Scenarios Volker Schwarz, Alex Huber, and Michael
More informationEffects of natural propagation environments on wireless sensor network coverage area
Effects of natural propagation environments on wireless sensor network coverage area Ms. Abiola Fanimokun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tennessee Tech University Cookeville, TN 38505,
More informationWireless Power for Remote Monitoring Applications
Remote Monitoring and Control 2011 Eliminating Wires and Batteries: Wireless Power for Remote Monitoring Applications Harry Ostaffe VP, Marketing & Business Development Powercast Corporation 1 Wireless
More informationΠ8: Indoor Positioning System using WLAN Received Signal Strength Measurements Preface
Π8: Indoor Positioning System using WLAN Received Signal Strength Measurements Preface In this deliverable we provide the details of building an indoor positioning system using WLAN Received Signal Strength
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.1546-1. Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3 000 MHz
Rec. ITU-R P.546- RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.546- Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in the frequency range 30 MHz to 3 000 MHz (200-2003) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering
More informationRapid Prototyping of a Frequency Hopping Ad Hoc Network System
Rapid Prototyping of a Frequency Hopping Ad Hoc Network System Martin Braun, Nico Otterbach, Jens Elsner, and Friedrich K. Jondral Communications Engineering Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT),
More informationOmni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna
Omni Antenna vs. Directional Antenna Document ID: 82068 Contents Introduction Prerequisites Requirements Components Used Conventions Basic Definitions and Antenna Concepts Indoor Effects Omni Antenna Pros
More informationRF Communication System. EE 172 Systems Group Presentation
RF Communication System EE 172 Systems Group Presentation RF System Outline Transmitter Components Receiver Components Noise Figure Link Budget Test Equipment System Success Design Remedy Transmitter Components
More informationTri-Band RF Transceivers for Dynamic Spectrum Access. By Nishant Kumar and Yu-Dong Yao
Tri-Band RF Transceivers for Dynamic Spectrum Access By Nishant Kumar and Yu-Dong Yao Presentation outline Introduction to WISELAB Active work at WISELAB Tri-band test bed Elements of the test bed Experimentation
More informationVoice services over Adaptive Multi-user Orthogonal Sub channels An Insight
TEC Voice services over Adaptive Multi-user Orthogonal Sub channels An Insight HP 4/15/2013 A powerful software upgrade leverages quaternary modulation and MIMO techniques to improve network efficiency
More informationBasics of Radio Wave Propagation
Basics of Radio Wave Propagation Iulian Rosu, YO3DAC / VA3IUL, http://www.qsl.net/va3iul/ Propagation Modes Ground-wave propagation o Follows contour of the earth o Can Propagate considerable distances
More information1 Lecture Notes 1 Interference Limited System, Cellular. Systems Introduction, Power and Path Loss
ECE 5325/6325: Wireless Communication Systems Lecture Notes, Spring 2015 1 Lecture Notes 1 Interference Limited System, Cellular Systems Introduction, Power and Path Loss Reading: Mol 1, 2, 3.3, Patwari
More informationDT3: RF On/Off Remote Control Technology. Rodney Singleton Joe Larsen Luis Garcia Rafael Ocampo Mike Moulton Eric Hatch
DT3: RF On/Off Remote Control Technology Rodney Singleton Joe Larsen Luis Garcia Rafael Ocampo Mike Moulton Eric Hatch Agenda Radio Frequency Overview Frequency Selection Signals Methods Modulation Methods
More informationPropsim enabled Aerospace, Satellite and Airborne Radio System Testing
www.anite.com Propsim enabled Aerospace, Satellite and Airborne Radio System Testing Anite is now part of Keysight Technologies Realistic and repeatable real-time radio channel emulation solutions for
More informationUsing Received Signal Strength Variation for Surveillance In Residential Areas
Using Received Signal Strength Variation for Surveillance In Residential Areas Sajid Hussain, Richard Peters, and Daniel L. Silver Jodrey School of Computer Science, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada.
More informationUsing Received Signal Strength Indicator to Detect Node Replacement and Replication Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks
Using Received Signal Strength Indicator to Detect Node Replacement and Replication Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks Sajid Hussain* and Md Shafayat Rahman Jodrey School of Computer Science, Acadia University
More informationChannel Models for Broadband Wireless Access
Channel Models for Broadband Wireless Access Document Number:802.16.3p-00/47 Date Submitted: 2000-11/07 Source: Vinko Erceg Voice: 408-232-7551 Iospan Wireless (formerly Gigabit Wireless Fax: 408-577-0700
More informationOutdoor Localization System Using RSSI Measurement of Wireless Sensor Network
International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 78-3075, Volume-, Issue-, January 013 Outdoor Localization System Using RSSI Measurement of Wireless Sensor Network
More informationAn Algorithm for Automatic Base Station Placement in Cellular Network Deployment
An Algorithm for Automatic Base Station Placement in Cellular Network Deployment István Törős and Péter Fazekas High Speed Networks Laboratory Dept. of Telecommunications, Budapest University of Technology
More informationPropsim enabled Mobile Ad-hoc Network Testing
www.anite.com Propsim enabled Mobile Ad-hoc Network Testing Anite is now part of Keysight Technologies Lab-based, end-to-end performance testing of systems using Propsim MANET channel emulation A Mobile
More informationThe Vertical Handoff Algorithm using Fuzzy Decisions in Cellular Phone Networks
International Journal of Electronics Engineering, 2(), 200, pp. 29-34 The Vertical Handoff Algorithm using Fuzzy Decisions in Cellular Phone Networks Chandrashekhar G.Patil & R.D.Kharadkar 2 Department
More informationAntennas & Propagation. CS 6710 Spring 2010 Rajmohan Rajaraman
Antennas & Propagation CS 6710 Spring 2010 Rajmohan Rajaraman Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors o Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space o Reception
More informationAn Introduction to Microwave Radio Link Design
An Introduction to Microwave Radio Link Design Table of Contents 1 Introduction... 3 2 Radio Link Engineering main steps... 3 2.1 Make Path profile... 3 2.2 Calculate Free Space Loss (FSL)... 4 2.3 Calculate
More informationIndoor Location Tracking using Received Signal Strength Indicator
Indoor Location Tracking using Received Signal Strength Indicator 9 11 X Indoor Location Tracking using Received Signal Strength Indicator Chuan-Chin Pu 1, Chuan-Hsian Pu, and Hoon-Jae Lee 3 1 Sunway University
More informationWIRELESS NETWORK VISUALIZATION USING RADIO PROPAGATION MODELLING. Johanna Janse van Rensburg and Barry Irwin
WIRELESS NETWORK VISUALIZATION USING RADIO PROPAGATION MODELLING Johanna Janse van Rensburg and Barry Irwin g01j2027@campus.ru.ac.za, b.irwin@ru.ac.za ABSTRACT Wireless technologies have had an enormous
More informationProgress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 27, 179 189, 2012
Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 27, 179 189, 2012 COMPARISON OF TWO MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES FOR UWB OFF-BODY RADIO CHANNEL CHARACTER- ISATION Mohammad M. Khan 1, 2, Qammer H. Abbasi 1, 3,
More informationWIRELESS INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY
BS&B WIRELESS, L.L.C. BS&B WIRELESS, L.L.C. WIRELESS INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY Printed February 2004 BS&B WIRELESS, L.L.C. 7422-B East 46th Place, Tulsa, OK74145 Phone: 918-622-5950 Fax: 918-665-3904
More informationThis Antenna Basics reference guide includes basic information about antenna types, how antennas work, gain, and some installation examples.
Antenna Basics This Antenna Basics reference guide includes basic information about antenna types, how antennas work, gain, and some installation examples. What Do Antennas Do? Antennas transmit radio
More informationDigital Radar for Collision Avoidance and Automatic Cruise Control in Transportation
Digital Radar for Collision Avoidance and Automatic Cruise Control in Transportation Rabindranath Bera, Sourav Dhar, Debdatta Kandar Sikkim Manipal Institte of Technology, Sikkim Manipal University, majitar,
More informationWharf T&T Limited Report of Wireless LAN Technology Trial Version: 1.0 Date: 26 Jan 2004. Wharf T&T Limited. Version: 1.0 Date: 26 January 2004
Wharf T&T Limited Version: 1.0 Date: 26 January 2004 This document is the property of Wharf T&T Limited who owns the copyright therein. Without the written consent of Wharf T&T Limited given by contract
More informationRF Coverage Validation and Prediction with GPS Technology
RF Coverage Validation and Prediction with GPS Technology By: Jin Yu Berkeley Varitronics Systems, Inc. 255 Liberty Street Metuchen, NJ 08840 It has taken many years for wireless engineers to tame wireless
More informationWi-Fi Backscatter: Battery-free Internet Connectivity to Empower the Internet of Things. Ubiquitous Computing Seminar FS2015 Bjarni Benediktsson
Wi-Fi Backscatter: Battery-free Internet Connectivity to Empower the Internet of Things Ubiquitous Computing Seminar FS2015 Bjarni Benediktsson Internet of Things The Internet of Things (IoT) is a computing
More informationHIPAA Security Considerations for Broadband Fixed Wireless Access Systems White Paper
HIPAA Security Considerations for Broadband Fixed Wireless Access Systems White Paper Rev 1.0 HIPAA Security Considerations for Broadband Fixed Wireless Access Systems This white paper will investigate
More informationA Performance Study of Wireless Broadband Access (WiMAX)
A Performance Study of Wireless Broadband Access (WiMAX) Maan A. S. Al-Adwany Department of Computer & Information Engineering, College of Electronics Engineering University of Mosul Mosul, Iraq maanaladwany@yahoo.com
More informationFrequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) vs. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) in Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) and Wireless LAN (WLAN)
FHSS vs. DSSS page 1 of 16 Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) vs. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) in Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) and Wireless LAN (WLAN) by Sorin M. SCHWARTZ Scope In 1997
More informationAnalysis of a Device-free Passive Tracking System in Typical Wireless Environments
Analysis of a Device-free Passive Tracking System in Typical Wireless Environments Ahmed E. Kosba, Ahmed Abdelkader Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Egypt
More informationENSC 427: Communication Networks. Analysis of Voice over IP performance on Wi-Fi networks
ENSC 427: Communication Networks Spring 2010 OPNET Final Project Analysis of Voice over IP performance on Wi-Fi networks Group 14 members: Farzad Abasi (faa6@sfu.ca) Ehsan Arman (eaa14@sfu.ca) http://www.sfu.ca/~faa6
More informationMaximizing Throughput and Coverage for Wi Fi and Cellular
Maximizing Throughput and Coverage for Wi Fi and Cellular A White Paper Prepared by Sebastian Rowson, Ph.D. Chief Scientist, Ethertronics, Inc. www.ethertronics.com March 2012 Introduction Ask consumers
More informationDesign, implementation and characterization of a radio link in ISM band at 2.4Ghz
Design, implementation and characterization of a radio link in ISM band at 2.4Ghz By Juan Santaella Hernández Supervisor: Francisco Jiménez Molinos Design, implementation and characterization of a radio
More informationCellular Wireless Antennas
Cellular Wireless Antennas A Technical Brief GarrettCom Inc., November 2010 Overview The Cellular Wireless Antenna Technical brief is provided to assist with the design and deployment of the DX940 Cellular
More informationThe Application of Land Use/ Land Cover (Clutter) Data to Wireless Communication System Design
Technology White Paper The Application of Land Use/ Land Cover (Clutter) Data to Wireless Communication System Design The Power of Planning 1 Harry Anderson, Ted Hicks, Jody Kirtner EDX Wireless, LLC Eugene,
More informationAntenna Diversity in Wireless Local Area Network Devices
Antenna Diversity in Wireless Local Area Network Devices Frank M. Caimi, Ph.D. Kerry L. Greer Jason M. Hendler January 2002 Introduction Antenna diversity has been used in wireless communication systems
More informationMobile Phone Tracking & Positioning Techniques
Mobile Phone Tracking & Positioning Techniques Laxmana Siridhara Arigela #1, Putta Aditya Veerendra *2, Simhadri Anvesh *2, Kolisetty Sandeep Satya Hanuman #3 1 Assistant Professor, Department of ECE,
More informationUSB 3.0* Radio Frequency Interference Impact on 2.4 GHz Wireless Devices
USB 3.0* Radio Frequency Interference Impact on 2.4 GHz Wireless Devices White Paper April 2012 Document: 327216-001 INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL PRODUCTS. NO LICENSE,
More informationRT-QoS for Wireless ad-hoc Networks of Embedded Systems
RT-QoS for Wireless ad-hoc Networks of Embedded Systems Marco accamo University of Illinois Urbana-hampaign 1 Outline Wireless RT-QoS: important MA attributes and faced challenges Some new ideas and results
More informationOn the Performance of Wireless Indoor Localization Using Received Signal Strength
Contents 12 On the Performance of Wireless Indoor Localization Using Received Signal Strength 1 12.1 Introduction................................... 1 12.2 RSS-based Localization Algorithms......................
More informationExperiences in positioning and sensor network applications with Ultra Wide Band technology
Experiences in positioning and sensor network applications with Ultra Wide Band technology WAMS LANGATTOMUUDESTA UUTTA BISNESTÄ Timo Lehikoinen VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 10/14/2013 2 Contents
More informationAn Investigation on the Use of ITU-R P.1411-7 in IEEE 802.11N Path Loss Modelling
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 50, 91 98, 2014 An Investigation on the Use of ITU-R P.1411-7 in IEEE 802.11N Path Loss Modelling Thiagarajah Siva Priya, Shamini P. N. Pillay *, Manogaran
More informationHow performance metrics depend on the traffic demand in large cellular networks
How performance metrics depend on the traffic demand in large cellular networks B. B laszczyszyn (Inria/ENS) and M. K. Karray (Orange) Based on joint works [1, 2, 3] with M. Jovanovic (Orange) Presented
More informationLog-Likelihood Ratio-based Relay Selection Algorithm in Wireless Network
Recent Advances in Electrical Engineering and Electronic Devices Log-Likelihood Ratio-based Relay Selection Algorithm in Wireless Network Ahmed El-Mahdy and Ahmed Walid Faculty of Information Engineering
More informationWireless Technologies in Industrial Markets
SOLUTION PAPER Wireless Technologies in Industrial Markets An Examination of Mesh Technologies in Mining Executive Summary Consumers and enterprises around the globe use standards-based 802.11a/b/g/n WiFi
More informationISSN: 2277-3754 ISO 9001:2008 Certified International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 3, Issue 9, March 2014
Multiple Spoofing Attackers Detection and Localization in Wireless Networks R.Tamilarasi (Assistant professor, CSE Department, MVJCE, Bangalore) Jaharlal Sarkar (PG- Student, CSE Department, MVJCE, Bangalore)
More informationIndoor Radio WLAN Performance Part II: Range Performance in a Dense Office Environment
Indoor Radio WLAN Performance Part II: Range Performance in a Dense Office Environment John C. Stein Harris Semiconductor, 2401 Palm Bay, Florida 32905 Abstract - This paper discusses indoor WLAN DSSS
More informationIEEE 802.11ac in Service Provider Wi-Fi Deployments: Consider More Than Speed
White Paper IEEE 802.11ac in Service Provider Wi-Fi Deployments: Consider More Than Speed 2015 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public Information. Page 1 of 6 Contents
More informationHigh Speed Train Communications Systems Using Free Space Optics
High Speed Train Communications Systems Using Free Space Optics R. Paudel, H. Le-Minh, Z. Ghassemlooy, M. Ijaz and S. Rajbhandari Optical Communications Research Group, NCRLab School of Computing, Engineering
More informationLecture 1. Introduction to Wireless Communications 1
896960 Introduction to Algorithmic Wireless Communications Lecture 1. Introduction to Wireless Communications 1 David Amzallag 2 May 25, 2008 Introduction to cellular telephone systems. How a cellular
More informationCase Study Competition 2013. Be an engineer of the future! Innovating cars using the latest instrumentation!
Case Study Competition 2013 Be an engineer of the future! Innovating cars using the latest instrumentation! The scenario You are engineers working on a project team that is tasked with the development
More informationAPPLICATION NOTE. RF System Architecture Considerations ATAN0014. Description
APPLICATION NOTE RF System Architecture Considerations ATAN0014 Description Highly integrated and advanced radio designs available today, such as the Atmel ATA5830 transceiver and Atmel ATA5780 receiver,
More informationOn the Effectiveness of Secret Key Extraction from Wireless Signal Strength in Real Environments
On the Effectiveness of Secret Key Extraction from Wireless Signal Strength in Real Environments Suman Jana Sriram Nandha Premnath Mike Clark Sneha K. Kasera Neal Patwari Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy School
More informationAntenna Properties and their impact on Wireless System Performance. Dr. Steven R. Best. Cushcraft Corporation 48 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03013
Antenna Properties and their impact on Wireless System Performance Dr. Steven R. Best Cushcraft Corporation 48 Perimeter Road Manchester, NH 03013 Phone (603) 627-7877 FAX: (603) 627-1764 Email: sbest@cushcraft.com
More informationIEEE 802.11n Enterprise Class Wireless LAN?
Introduction Over the last decade Wi-Fi has advanced from a technology offering a maximum 2Mbps over-theair data rate, to 11Mbps and now to 54Mbps. The technology has been improved to include additions
More informationIndoor Positioning Systems WLAN Positioning
Praktikum Mobile und Verteilte Systeme Indoor Positioning Systems WLAN Positioning Prof. Dr. Claudia Linnhoff-Popien Michael Beck, André Ebert http://www.mobile.ifi.lmu.de Wintersemester 2015/16 WLAN Positioning
More informationOUTLOOK. Considerations in the Choice of Suitable Spectrum for Mobile Communications. Visions and research directions for the Wireless World
OUTLOOK Visions and research directions for the Wireless World November 2008, No 2 Considerations in the Choice of Suitable Spectrum for Mobile Communications WG8 White Paper Considerations in the Choice
More informationEnergy Efficiency Metrics for Low-Power Near Ground Level Wireless Sensors
Energy Efficiency Metrics for Low-Power Near Ground Level Wireless Sensors Jalawi Alshudukhi 1, Shumao Ou 1, Peter Ball 1, Liqiang Zhao 2, Guogang Zhao 2 1. Department of Computing and Communication Technologies,
More informationThe Ultimate Solution For Metro and Rural Wi-Fi. Wavion White Paper April 2008
For Metro and Rural Wi-Fi Executive summary The current generation of conventional Wi-Fi metro access points use commoditized chipsets originally designed specifically for indoor environments. When brought
More information