ASTRA s 2015 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Virginia s 2015 STEM Report Card. China. Million 2005 USD PPP

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1 Virginia Virginia *STEM = Science Biology, Chemistry, Marine Biology, Physics, Science Technology Computer / Information Systems, Game Design, Developer, Web / Software Developer Engineering Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical / Electronics, Photonics, General & Mechanical Engineering Mathematics & Statistics Accounting, Auditors, Financial Specialists ASTRA s 2015 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Virginia s 2015 STEM Report Card There s bipartisan consensus: America s free market economy relies heavily upon federally-supported scientific & engineering research (R&D). R&D provides the basis for our economic and technological might. Most agree that the U.S. needs to live within its means, cut the federal deficit and do it the smart way through technology-based economic growth. A National Science Foundation (NSF) study found that 73% of the scientific papers cited in commercial patents were funded by taxpayers through the federal government, especially university research operations. 1 Virginia received $4.02 billion in federal R&D contracts in FY 2014, with approximately 10,527 transactions taking place. 2 Virginia universities and colleges received $1.29 billion in federal R&D spending, including grants, in FY , the latest year available from NSF. Key Reports and On-Line Resources The Science-Engineering-Technology Working Group (SETWG) has sponsored the annual STEM on the Hill Congressional Visits Day Program since See Science & Engineering Indicators 2014, published by the National Science Board, provides a broad base of quantitative information on the U.S. and international science and engineering enterprise. It is created biennially by the National Science Foundation s Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS) See ASTRA s Web Sites include See also store. usinnovation.org for free downloads of all ASTRA State STEM Report Cards 2015, the ASTRA 2015 National & State STEM Census, the ASTRA EdTech Revolution in Education book and all of our latest publications, videos and reports from the field. The Academy of Arts & Sciences published Restoring the Foundation: the Vital Role of Research in Preserving the Dream in September See RESTORING THE FOUNDATION The Vital Role of Research in Preserving the Dream Top 5 Contracting Agencies for Virginia s Federal 2 (Includes Multiyear Contracts) R&D Investments During FY Department of Defense $8,447,000, Department of Transportation $540,000, NASA $396,000, Department of Interior $375,000, Department of Homeland Security $316,000, ASTRA, The Alliance for Science & Technology Research in America and store.usinnovation.org for free downloads of ASTRA s State STEM & Innovation Report Cards. (TM) What s in This 2015 STEM & Innovation Report Card? A Call to Action for Virginia...p. 1 What does STEM Mean?...p. 1 U.S. R&D Spending in Virginia and Globally...p. 1 Top Federal R&D Agencies in Virginia FY p. 1 Student STEM Interest in Virginia by Ethnicity & Gender from (MyCollegeOptions )...p. 2 Virginia s Fastest Growing STEM Jobs in p. 3 Student Interest in STEM Jobs Increasing Nationwide...p. 4 Why STEM Diversity & Equity Matter (NACME)...pp. 5-6 CAUSE FOR ALARM: U.S. R&D Investment Declining China / BRIICS* Rising Rapidly & Overtaking U.S. 4 GERD Rest of the world GERD by top 10 world countries EU28 BRIICS United States Japan China Million 2005 USD PPP * BRIICS = Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia & China Declining Support: Federal R&D Outlays as Percentage of Federal Budget : Share (%) Source: OECD Main Science and Technology Indicators Database, June 2014, Eurostat and UNESCO Institute of Statistics, June Source: Budget of the U.S. Govt Historical Tables. FY 2014 is the request AAAS NSF-sponsored study, March 1997; 2 and 3. Sources: The sources of this data include a variety of federal government agencies, including the U.S. Office of Management & Budget and the National Science Foundation. * Note: R&D contract & grant amounts do not include management and administrative fees for the operation of Government-Owned, Contractor-Operated (GOCO) facilities under OMB definitions.

2 Shaping the Future: Virginia Students Interest in STEM JObs 2015 Virginia Virginia s STEM Profile Virginia High School Students Interest in STEM Careers: Class of 2016 by Gender & Ethnicity Keeping STEM students from dropping out of the STEM Talent Pipeline is essential in meeting U.S. STEM Job demands for the future. The Charts 7 on this page represent Virginia s portion of an in-depth nationwide look at more than 6 million high school students in the MyCollegeOptions program in Overall, U.S. students college major/career aspirations were used to determine their interest in STEM-related fields. The survey reveals that nationwide, nearly more than 1.6 million students would like to pursue STEM careers in their futures. See how Virginia compares below. 7. Source: MyCollegeOptions.org for more information shapingthefuture@mycollegeoptions.org Grad Male Female Grad Indian Asian Hispanic White % 16.5% % 17.1% % 17.0% % 17.1% % 17.4% % 17.2% % 16.1% % 16.9% % 16.5% % 15.5% % 36.2% 24.6% 27.7% 29.4% % 34.5% 24.3% 25.3% 28.5% % 33.0% 23.3% 25.1% 27.5% % 34.6% 24.2% 26.2% 27.6% % 32.6% 23.8% 26.2% 27.7% % 33.7% 24.0% 25.7% 29.0% % 34.4% 22.8% 26.6% 29.2% % 34.5% 23.2% 26.4% 29.8% % 39.4% 24.1% 29.1% 30.7% % 35.4% 24.7% 28.3% 32.5% 50% Virginia STEM Interest by Gender 45% Virginia STEM Interest by Self-Identified Ethnicity 45% 40% % Students 40% 35% 20% % Students 35% 20% 15% 15% 10% 10% 5% 5% 0% Male Female 0% Indian Asian- - Hispanic White

3 Virginia Virginia s Future: Top 40 STEM Jobs in Rank 8 SOC* Description Virginia s STEM Profile *SOC = Standard Occupational Classification 2015 Jobs 2024 Jobs Change % Change 2013 Avg. Hr. Earnings Total All Virginia STEM Jobs 439, ,764 60,067 14% $ Accountants and Auditors 51,270 57,181 5,911 12% $ Managers, All Other 47,367 52,523 5,156 11% $ Postsecondary Teachers 40,702 49,407 8,705 21% $ Business Operations Specialists, All Other 34,343 38,578 4,235 12% $ Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 24,959 29,309 4,350 17% $ First-Line Supervisors of Food Prep. & Serving Workers 25,716 29,152 3,436 13% $ Computer and Information Systems Managers 16,636 19,959 3,323 20% $ Construction Managers 12,411 12,254 (157) (1%) $ Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria 10,017 12,165 2,148 21% $ Graphic Designers 10,631 12,099 1,468 14% $ Civil Engineers 9,133 10,995 1,862 20% $ Cost Estimators 8,657 10,652 1,995 23% $ Mechanical Engineers 8,926 9,994 1,068 12% $ Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists 8,049 9,482 1,433 18% $ Compliance Officers 7,706 8, % $ Electrical Engineers 6,675 7, % $ Financial Specialists, All Other 6,133 7, % $ Operations Research Analysts 5,203 6,411 1,208 23% $ Engineers, All Other 5,720 6, % $ Electronics Engineers, Except Computer 5,135 5, % $ Architectural and Engineering Managers 4,980 5, % $ Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians 4,867 5, % $ Industrial Engineers 4,154 4, % $ Architects, Except Landscape and Naval 4,180 4, % $ Environmental Scientists & Specialists, Including Health 3,641 4, % $ Aerospace Engineers 3,456 3, % $ Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians 3,378 3, % $ Social Scientists and Related Workers, All Other 3,330 3, % $ Engineering Technicians, Except Drafters, All Other 3,136 3, % $ Industrial Production Managers 2,547 2, % $ Environmental Engineers 2,222 2, % $ Civil Engineering Technicians 2,335 2, % $ Dietitians and Nutritionists 2,009 2, % $ Computer Hardware Engineers 1,857 2, % $ Nuclear Engineers 2,185 2, % $ Architectural and Civil Drafters 2,052 2, % $ Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other 1,958 2, % $ Food Batchmakers 2,083 2, % $ Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists 1,550 1, % $ Chemists 1,728 1, % $ Source: ASTRA s Global STEM & Innovation Data Project and EMSI occupation employment data are based on final EMSI industry data and final EMSI staffing patterns 2/01/15.

4 MyCollegeOptions National STEM Student Survey 2015 Excerpts from ASTRA s U.S. STEM Census Sourcebook Good News: Student Interest in STEM Careers Increasing The Charts 7 on this page represent an in-depth nationwide look at the STEM Interests of more than 6 million high school students in the MyCollegeOptions program in 2015 and comparisons with past years. Students college major / career aspirations were used to determine their interest in STEM-related fields. Nearly more than 1.6 million students say they would like to pursue STEM in their futures. Keeping such students from dropping out of the STEM Talent Pipeline is essential in meeting U.S. STEM workforce demands for the future. Do our schools and teachers have the capacities to do this? 7. Source: MyCollegeOptions.org for more information shapingthefuture@mycollegeoptions.org STEM Interest by Graduation... STEM Interest by Gender... STEM Interest by Self-Identified Ethnicity... Grad. National Average Grad. Male Female Grad. Indian Asian Hispanic White % % % % % % % % % % 16.1% % 15.7% % 15.9% % 15.6% % 15.7% % 16.3% % 15.6% % 13.6% % 13.4% % 36.2% 28.8% 28.0% 29.6% % 33.6% 27.4% 30.2% 28.1% % 31.8% 28.1% 28.7% 27.9% % 33.8% 27.1% 27.0% 27.5% % 32.2% 26.4% 26.2% 28.2% % 33.6% 27.3% 28.3% 29.6% % 35.2% 27.7% 30.3% 29.5% % 33.7% 24.2% 27.0% 29.0% % 34.6% 25.1% 29.3% 30.0% National Student Interest in STEM Careers Increasing : 29% 28% 27% % Students 26% 24% 23% 22% 21% National Average

5 Why STEM Diversity, Ethnicity & Gender Matter Increasing the number of Underrepresented Minorities (URMs) in the U.S. STEM workforce would solve many of the skills gaps that confront our economy. Ethnic and gender disparities in STEM academic achievement carry over into lower participation by many URMs in high-paying STEM jobs. Selected data provided by the National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering, Inc. (NACME) help illustrate the challenge. For more information on URMs in engineering education and engineering careers, visit Figure 1: Changing Demographics of the U.S % 2.0% 5.2% 0.8% 4.2% 7.3% 12.4% 12.8% 48.2% 17.5% 62.2% 26.8% Figure 2: Percentage of Public and Private High School Graduates Taking Calculus Courses in High School, 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 17.5% 42.2% % 6.1% 8.6% 6.3% Non-Latino White Latino Indian/Alaska Native Asian/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander Two or more races 0.0% Latino Indian/ Alaska Native White Asian/Pacific Islander Figure 3: Percentage of Students Meeting ACT College 3 Figure 4: Engineering Bachelor s Degrees Earned, Readiness Benchmark Scores, % 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 20% 10% 15% 7% 36% 22% 5% 31% 49% 24% 44% 36% 35% 16% 13% 15% 11% 54% 38% 77% 76% 72% 62% 62% 32% 47% 46% 42% 31% 67% 52% Mathematics Science English Reading All Four Subjects 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 7,907 3,505 0% Latino Indian/ Alaska Native White Asian All Students 1, Indian / Alaska Native Latino Endnotes 1. NACME analysis of National Population Projections from U.S. Census Bureau, National Center for Education Statistics, Digest of Education Statistics, ACT Profile Report, National (Graduating Class 2014). Accessed online at 4. National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, IPEDS Completions Survey by Race, , Integrated Science and Engineer Resources Data System (WebCASPAR) ( [01/15/15].

6 NACME s Focus on Diversity & Gender in Engineering The U.S. population is becoming more diverse each year. By 2050, URMs will represent more than 40 percent of the population, and there will be no majority race. The demand for qualified STEM professionals is high, but the supply of STEM workers to fill these positions is at risk if underrepresented groups are not engaged in these fields. The figures below show that s, Latinos, Indians, Alaska Natives, and women are underrepresented in all levels of engineering education and in the engineering workforce. Figure 5: s in Engineering Figure 6: Indian/Alaska Natives in Engineering 2.5% 0.2% 3.6% 0.3% 4.0% 0.4% 13.4% 0.8% U.S. College-Aged Population (18-24 Olds), 2012 (4) 14.8% U.S. College-Aged Population (18-24 Olds), 2012 (4) 0.9% 12.3% 0.7% 0.0% 4.0% 8.0% 12.0% 16.0% 20.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.6% 0.8% 1.0% Figure 7: Latinos in Engineering Figure 8: Women in Engineering 3.7% 13.9% 6.3% 12.7% 8.1% 18.8% 13.8% 57.0% U.S. College-Aged Population (18-24 Olds), 2012 (4) 20.7% U.S. College-Aged Population (18-24 Olds), 2012 (4) 48.8% 17.0% 50.8% 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 0% 10% 20% 40% 50% 60% Endnotes 1. Society for Engineering Education, Engineering by the Numbers, Finamore, J., Foley, D.J., Lan, F., Milan, L.M., Proudfoot, S.L., Rivers, E.B., & Selfa, L. (2013). Employment and Educational Characteristics of Scientists and Engineers. National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, NSF National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, IPEDS Completions Survey by Race, , Integrated Science and Engineer Resources Data System (WebCASPAR) ( [01/15/15]. 4. NACME analysis of population projections from U.S. Census, 2012.