Introduction to the Semantic Web

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1 Introduction to the Semantic Web Asunción Gómez-Pérez Omtological Engineering Group Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial Facultad de Informática Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo sn, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain Asunción Gómez-Pérez -1

2 The problem: Information overload on the WEb Dynamic Users Pages Static WWW URI, HTML, HTTP Asunción Gómez-Pérez -2

3 The current Web is based on HTML Árabe الاسم : الهندسة فىعلم التطو ر المو ل فون : ا سنسيون غومزبرز الس عر : $74.95 المنتج : الكتاب الاسم: الهندسة فىعلم التطو ر المو ل فون : ا سنسيون غومزبرز $74.95 الس عر: الكتاب : المنتج Japonés Noruego Skjøte: Ontological Ingeniørarbeid Forfatter: Overtakelse Gómez-Pérez... Pris: Produkt: Bok skjøte: Ontological Ingeniørarbeid forfatter: Overtakelse Gómez-Pérez... pris: produkt: Bok Inglés Title: Ontological Engineering Authors: Asunción Gómez-Pérez... Price: $74.95 Product: Book title: Ontological Engineering authors: Asunción Gómez-Pérez... price: $74.95 product: Book .- HTML is useful for browsing the information.- Content is language-dependent.- High cost for keeping the information up-to-date Asunción Gómez-Pérez -3

4 XML allows the creation of metada with meaning Árabe الاسم : الهندسة فىعلم التطو ر المو ل فون : ا سنسيون غومزبرز الس عر : $74.95 المنتج : الكتاب <الاسم />الهندسة فىعلم التطو ر <الاسم> <المو ل فون />ا سنسيون غومزبرز <المو ل فون < <الس عر/> $<الس عر> <الكتاب />المنتج <الكتاب < Inglés Title: Ontological Engineering Authors: Asunción Gómez-Pérez... Price: $74.95 Product: Book <Title>Ontological Engineering</Title> <Author>Asunción Gómez-Pérez...</Author> <Price>$74.95</Price> <Product>Book</Product> What do the tags mean for the machine? Asunción Gómez-Pérez -4

5 The problem of choosing information.- Find the information.- Extract relevant information.- Interpretation by human users.- Sinthesis Asunción Gómez-Pérez -5

6 The problem of content agregation: From Madrid to Tokyo.- Content in different languages (Spanish, English, Japanesse,...).- Find out relevant information from heterogeneous sources.- Extract.- Interpretation.- Agregation.- Consistency of the information Asunción Gómez-Pérez -6

7 What was the Web intended to be?... a goal of the Web was that, if the interaction between person and hypertext could be so intuitive that the machine-readable information space gave an accurate representation of the state of people's thoughts, interactions, and work patterns, then machine analysis could become a very powerful management tool, seeing patterns in our work and facilitating our working together through the typical problems which beset the management of large organizations. [Berners-Lee 1996] Asunción Gómez-Pérez -7

8 What is the Semantic Web? The Semantic Web is an extension of the current Web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation. It is based on the idea of having data on the Web defined and linked such that it can be used for more effective discovery, automation, integration, and reuse across various applications. Asunción Gómez-Pérez -8 Hendler, J., Berners-Lee, T., and Miller, E. Integrating Applications on the Semantic Web, 2002,

9 Why not make the computers do the work? IBXX is a flight. Its departure place is Madrid and its arrival place is Tokyo. Madrid is an european city. Tokyo is an asian city. Metadata Integration Knowledge Inference Xxx is a hotel placed in Tokyo The new national theater is a theater located in Tokyo.It has peformances every Saturday. Herzt is a rental car company with luxury cars in tokyo. Asunción Gómez-Pérez -9

10 Definition of Ontology An ontology is a formal, explicit specification of a shared conceptualization OWL RDFS RDF XML Machine-readable RDF(S) Concepts, properties relations, functions, constraints, axioms, are explicitly defined Consensual Knowledge Abstract model and simplified view of some phenomenon in the world that we want to represent Frames and FoL Living Being Animals Subclass of Subclass of Plants Ontologías Subclass of Mammals Subclass of Birds Asunción Gómez-Pérez -10

11 Ontology in RDF(S) RDFS rdfs:literal rdfs:range rdfs:class rdfs:class rdf:id="travel"> <rdfs:comment>a journey from place to place</rdfs:comment> </rdfs:class> <rdf:property rdf:id="arrivaldate"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#travel"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&xsd;date"/> </rdf:property> <rdf:property rdf:id="departuredate"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#travel"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&xsd;date"/> </rdf:property> Company-name rdfs:domain rdfs:domai n singlefare rdfs:range Travel rdfs:domain rdfs:domai n departuredate arrivaldate rdfs:range rdfs:range units:currencyquantity xsd:date RDF rdf:property Asunción Gómez-Pérez -11

12 Metadata in RDF Iberia Company-name IB-4321 arrivaldate singlefare departuredate 500 euros 10/11/2005 <RS-travel:Travel rdf:id= IB-4321"> <RS-travel:Company-name>Iberia</RS-travel:Company-name> <RS-travel:singleFare>500 Euros</singleFare> <RS-travel:departureDate rdf:datatype="&xsd;date"> </RS-travel:departureDate> <RS-travel:arrivalDate rdf:datatype="&xsd;date"> </RS-travel:arrivalDate> <RS-travel:arrivalPlace rdf:resource="#paris"/> </RS-travel:Travel> Asunción Gómez-Pérez -12

13 RDFS rdfs:literal rdfs:class rdfs:range rdfs:domain rdfs:domain Travel rdfs:domain rdfs:domain departuredate arrivaldate Company-name singlefare rdfs:range rdfs:range rdfs:range units:currencyquantity time:date RDF Company-name rdf:property Iberia IB-4321 arrivaldate 500 euros singlefare departuredate 10/11/2005 Asunción Gómez-Pérez -13

14 Travel.rdfs rdfs:class rdf:id="travel"> <rdfs:comment>a journey from place to place</rdfs:comment> </rdfs:class> Iberia_Travels.rdf <rdf:property rdf:id="arrivaldate"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#travel"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&xsd;date"/> </rdf:property> <rdf:property rdf:id="departuredate"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#travel"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&xsd;date"/> </rdf:property>... <RS-travel:Travel rdf:id= IB-4321"> <RS-travel:Company-name>Iberia</RS-travel:Company-name> <RS-travel:singleFare>500 Euros</singleFare> <RS-travel:departureDate rdf:datatype="&xsd;date"> </RS-travel:departureDate> <RS-travel:arrivalDate rdf:datatype="&xsd;date"> </RS-travel:arrivalDate> <RS-travel:arrivalPlace rdf:resource="#paris"/> </RS-travel:Travel>... Asunción Gómez-Pérez -14

15 Language independent Protégé-Frames WebODE OntoEdit KAON1 IODT (IBM) Language Dependent NeOn Toolkit (new)!! Protégé-OWL y Protégé 4 SWOOP Ontolingua OntoSaurus WebOnto OilEd Asunción Gómez-Pérez -15

16 Creating metadata for processing satelite information Asunción Gómez-Pérez -16

17 Creating Metadata for Fraud detection in cars Asunción Gómez-Pérez -17

18 Web services Control flow description Service registries Terminological problems Service access interface Communication protocol Dynamic Web Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Static WWW URI, HTML, HTTP Semantic Web RDF, RDFS, OWL Semantic Asunción Gómez-Pérez -18

19 Semantic Web Services Web services are described using Ontologies and are expressed in Semantic web service language Dynamic Web Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Servicios Web Semánticos DAML-S, OWL-S WSMO Static WWW URI, HTML, HTTP Semantic Web RDF, RDFS, OWL Semantic Asunción Gómez-Pérez -19

20 Semantic Web Scenario Real world Users Companies Intelligent agents Agent Agent Agente Agent Intelligent Agents Semantic Web Services P2P system Repositories /tools Metadata RDF(S) DAML+OIL OWL Current Web applications Web services Documents s Static Web pages Online DB (Unknown schema) Restricted Webs Dynamic Web pages Asunción Gómez-Pérez -20

21 Ontological Engineering for the Semantic Web Applications Build Ontologies Methodologies and methods Tools Reasoners Lenguages Asunción Gómez-Pérez -21

22 Introduction to the Semantic Web Asunción Gómez-Pérez Omtological Engineering Group Laboratorio de Inteligencia Artificial Facultad de Informática Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo sn, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain Asunción Gómez-Pérez -22

Evaluation experiment for the editor of the WebODE ontology workbench

Evaluation experiment for the editor of the WebODE ontology workbench Óscar Corcho, Mariano Fernández-López, Asunción Gómez-Pérez Facultad de Informática. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Campus de Montegancedo,