How To Improve Cloud Infrastructure
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1 Report on the public consultation for H2020 work programme : Cloud Computing, Software and Services Rapporteur: David Griffin Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
2 Consultation process Consultation on research priorities in the Cloud Computing, Software and Services sector for H2020 Consultation process opened early 2013 EC discussion document based on research priorities defined by: ISTAG, July 2012 Cloud Computing Expert Group, December 2012 NESSI ETP position papers Cloud Select Industry Group Open invitation for input from interested sector actors/stakeholders (industry, academia, research institutes, SMEs, user communities ) 43 written contributions Post-consultation workshop held on 17 April 2013 Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
3 Contributions by organisation type Research Institute Industry University Pan-European (ETP, fora) SME Consultant Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
4 Contributions by country Spain France United Kingdom Belgium Luxembourg Austria Italy Netherlands Germany Switzerland Finland Denmark Portugal Ireland Lithuania Romania Slovenia Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
5 Post-consultation workshop 26 contributions selected for presentation and discussion: General Research Challenges in Cloud Infrastructures and Services (6 presentations) Software Engineering Tools and Methods (7 presentations) Cloud Architectures, Interoperability and Usability (6 presentations) Cloud Networks, Localisation and Performance Issues (5 presentations) Security and Trust in Cloud Computing (2 presentations) 72 participants Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
6 Workshop participants (by organisation type) Industry Research Institute University European Commission Consultant SME Other (fora, individuals) Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
7 External workshop participants (by country) Spain United Kingdom Switzerland Italy Slovenia Ireland Austria Greece Norway Romania Belgium Germany France Luxembourg Denmark Netherlands Finland Israel Portugal Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
8 Topics emerging from consultation Increased cloud performance (scalability, reliability, latency, etc.) In general and for challenging new applications for big data Performance for data uploaded/downloaded from the cloud Increase cloud networking performance Including use of SDN for greater control of inter-data-centre networking Quality/performance monitoring and independent performance verification Decentralised (and infrastructure-less) clouds Processing capabilities and data positioned closer to users Migration of servers to follow mobile users Access to advanced resources/specialised hardware, including GPUs, sensors, etc. Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
9 Topics emerging from consultation (II) Hybrid private/public clouds EC should foster hybrid clouds, promote federated private clouds, expand public research and scientific clouds Management/monitoring of large scale DCs/clouds (millions of CPUs) Improved interworking/interoperability/openness for services, apps and data Standards, measurement metrics, migration techniques to avoid lock-in Dynamic configuration/automated provisioning/orchestration Considering performance targets/constraints Offloading from clients/hosts to cloud At design and run time Including mobile users/apps Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
10 Topics emerging from consultation (III) Reduced energy footprint Data-intensive cloud-based applications Considering data migration issues and avoiding lock-in Increase confidence/trust and security for private and sensitive data Counter-espionage methods Formal methods to improve trust/security Measurable/auditable security metrics Simple to understand metrics Common SLAs, with agreed terms New (and/or efficient/integrated) value chains/ecosystems/business models for cloud-based software and systems Including new programming and licensing models Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
11 Topics emerging from consultation (IV) Software complexity issues Use of composition to avoid building large and complex systems Data-driven software, abstractions for distributed data management/sharing, better integration between software development and data management Software tools: For cloud and data-centric programming models To simulate and test data-driven software/services UI testing in heterogeneous/federated environments Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
12 Topics emerging from consultation (V) Software architectures for cloud-computing Architectures are more important than tools Software scalability Currently limited to certain software architectures (load balancer and N instances) Instance placement/localisation issues (close to users for example) Improved software lifecycle and management of change Change/flexibility at the heart of software Evolution to be planned/built in Narrower line between development and maintenance Software for critical systems Secure, commercially-sensitive, etc. High reliability software under evolution/change Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
13 Topics emerging from consultation (VI) More applications deployed in the cloud Tools for migration of legacy software Modernisation of legacy, especially large software systems for public infrastructures and large corporations New services supporting a rapidly changing business world B2B and not just end-user apps/social networks Support real business services and involve all stakeholders, including SMEs Involve application-domain stakeholders (from infrastructure to software/services) Less emphasis on infrastructure-research, more on software and services in the cloud Involve and encourage cloud-orientated ecosystems Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
14 Discussion topics (I) Infrastructure, services, clouds are a reality now Private, managed and public clouds currently offered commercially Don t underestimate the amount of industry investment in this sector Need to leapfrog, need new challenges Need more challenging research objectives E.g. real-time data stream management, algorithms for machine learning, real-time presentation of data to end users More ideas are sought To be explicitly mentioned in the workprogramme text? Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
15 Discussion topics (II) Need less ambition and a more realistic approach otherwise we spent too much on new technology and the market will have moved on SaaS is where money is shift from infrastructure research to more commercially-focussed application-centric topics Support for new business opportunities Rapid/agile development lifecycle (3 months) is incompatible with research funding cycle Lots of support for alternative instruments to assist rapid application and service development and commercial roll-out Cloud computing is a tool to serve other areas If we are not making products, what will be the legacy of the research? Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
16 Discussion topics (III) Are SLAs and performance metric definitions a suitable topic for research projects or is this the role of standards? Open source Some controversy Open source can increase trust Model for collaborative development but how can EU instruments contribute or dent current initiatives? Use open source and standards to commoditise areas where EU is behind, to allow innovation on top Security challenges: Data outside of host organisations Cloud storage proves resilience for data back-ups, etc. but potentially makes confidential data more accessible Trust is the main issue preventing more widespread adoption of cloudbased applications (for banks, etc.) Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
17 Possible re-emphasis of objectives (I) Objective 3: Advanced Cloud Infrastructures and Services, including innovation oriented initiatives High performance heterogeneous cloud infrastructures More emphasis on high performance and QoS, heterogeneity, large quantities of data, dynamic environments, SLAs/monitoring Federated cloud networking Openness/interoperability for interworking and migration, hybrid public-private clouds, distributed clouds, software-defined DC and cloud networking to improve performance Cloud security Increased trust and security transparency, security metrics and auditing, overcome issues of sensitive data in 3 rd party resources Automated service composition More emphasis on heterogeneity and distributed environments, include performance concerns, offloading of client/host processing to the cloud (incl. mobile), support realistic business process/applications Mobile Cloud service development environments could be dropped as a separate subobjective Little support from consultation, mobility to be mentioned in other sub-objectives Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
18 Possible re-emphasis of objectives (II) Objective 4: Innovative tools and methods for software development Tools and methods for complex software and data-intensive systems Increased robustness/reliability in software development lifecycle, critical systems, closer link between development and maintenance, composition as a means to manage complexity, management of emergent complexity, data-driven software (architectures and data abstractions) Software architectures and methods for system deployment in distributed environments Possible new sub-objective to reflect emphasis on software for clouds rather than software in general Architectures for scalability/elasticity, adapting to hardware resources in heterogeneous environments, managing data locality in distributed elastic systems, migration of legacy software to cloud infrastructures, open abstractions/schemas for large-scale data-driven cloudbased systems Flexible and scalable tools for collaborative software development Little support from consultation Explicit mention of open source raised some controversy in discussions Identity of stand-alone objective on software is an issue Presentation to EC DG CONNECT, E.2, Software & Services, Cloud, Brussels, 17 May
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