Universiti Teknologi MARA. ANALYSIS THE PERFORMANCE OF VIDEO CONFERENCING BASED ON QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) Nor Hayaty binti Amran

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1 Jb^O00 2^^Zf Universiti Teknologi MARA ANALYSIS THE PERFORMANCE OF VIDEO CONFERENCING BASED ON QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) Nor Hayaty binti Amran Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for BSc (Rons) Data Communication And Networking Faculty of Information Technology And Quantitative Science April 2005

2 ANALYSIS THE PERFORMANCE OF VIDEO CONFERENCING BASED ON QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) by NOR HAYATY BINTIAMRAN A PROJECT PAPER SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF REQUIREMENT BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (Hons) IN DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING FACULTY OF ESfFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND QUANTITATIVE SCIENCE MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SHAH AL AM APRIL 2005

3 ANALYSIS THE PERFORMANCE OF VIDEO CONFERENCING BASED ON QUALITY OF SERVICE (QoS) By NOR HAYATY BINTIAMRAN A project paper submitted to FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND QUANTITATIVE SCIENCES MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY In partial fulfillment of requirement for the BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (Hons.) IN DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING Major Area: Network Management Approved by the Examining Committee: En. Shamsul Jamel Bin Elias Project Supervisor Cik Faridah binti Sappar Examiner MARA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR APRIL 2005

4 DECLARATION I certify that this thesis and the research to which it refers are the product of my own work and that any ideas or quotation from the work of other people, published or otherwise are fully acknowledged in accordance with the standard referring practices of the discipline. (NOR HAYATY BINTIAMRAN)

5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I thanked Allah the Al-Mighty for I am blessed to complete this research project. I would like to express my appreciations and gratitude to my supervisor. En. Shamsul Jamel Elias, on his guidance, comments and suggestion in the completion of this research project. Not forgotten special thanks also to my project coordinator, Dr. Saadiah Yahya for her explanations and guidelines given in order to carry this research project of mine. In addition, I would like to thank the lecturers of the Faculty of Information Technology and Quantitative Science, for their contributions and encouragement towards the students since without them, most of us would be hard pressed to learn anything. To my beloved family, I would like to forward my obliged to them for their continuous support during my study period, their patience and benevolence. Lastly, I would like to thanks again to everyone who has contribute for the completion of this research project either directly or indirectly. Your kindness and cooperation in completion of this final year project paper is much appreciated. 11

6 ABSTRACT This report will explain about the analysis of the performance for video conferencing based on quality of service (QoS). This research is obtained to gain information about the best software (Yahoo Messenger, NetMeeting, MSN and PalTaik) that would be used for video conferencing by using Ethereal analyzer. Ethereal analyzer is provided on the internet. Beside that, it also provides the information for the users, especially students. They need to select the best software to conference with their lecturers outside the classroom. To investigate which video conferencing software suffers most from the list, the performance analysis has been conducted. By conducting this analysis, we can see how the performance offers by the company. From this report, we analyzed video conferencing performances such as jitter, bandwidth, packet received and throughput. We also can make comparison between the application, which can provide the best quality picture and video based on our observation. From the analysis we conducted, we hope users can have the best quality service of video conferencing. ui

7 TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURE LIST OF TABLE i ii iii iv v CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview of The Proj ect Problem Background Problem Statement Project Objective Project Scope Organization of The Research Project Significance Summary 7 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Communication Technology Video Conferencing Education Outside The Classroom Analyzing The Performance Similar project Summary 12 IV

8 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Methods of Research Gathering Information Observation Analysis Summary 14 CHAPTER 4 FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Introduction Video Conferencing Performance Analysis PHASE 1: PLANNING PHASE 2: IMPLEMENTING PHASE 3: ANALYSIS Quality of Service (QoS) Performance Distances Summary 36 CHAPTERS RECOMMENDATION 5.1 Introduction Recommendations Summary 39 CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION 6.1 Conclusion 40 REFERENCES

9 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: One-to-one video conferencing communication way. Figure 2.1 : Video conferencing over the internet. Figure 4.1 : The first step (Welcome page) when installed the WinPCap 3.1 beta4. Figure 4.2 : The second step (License Agreement) when installed the WinPCap 3.1 beta4. Figure 4.3 : The next step (Computer Restart) when installed the WinPCap 3.1 beta4. Figure 4.4 : The final step (Installation complete) when installed the WinPCap 3.1 beta4. Figure 4.5 : The first step on installing Ethereal Analyzer. Figure 4.6 : The second step on installing Ethereal Analyzer, accept the license agreement phase. Figure 4.7 : The next step on installing Ethereal Analyzer, choose the components phase. Figure 4.8 : The second step on installing Ethereal Analyzer, choose location to install this analyzer. Figure 4.9 : The next step on installing Ethereal Analyzer, installation process phase. Figure 4.10 : The final step on installing Ethereal Analyzer, completing the ethereal setup wizard phase. Figure 4.11: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on the same network. Figure 4.12: The TCP protocol packets that were captured on the different network. Figure 4.13: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on NetMeeting. Figure 4.14: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on Yahoo Messenger. Figure 4.15: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on MSN. Figure 4.16: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on PalTalk. Figure 4.17: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on NetMeeting. VI

10 Figure 4.18: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on Yahoo Messenger. Figure 4.19: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on PalTalk. Figure 4.20: The UDP protocol packets that were captured on MSN. Figure 4.21: The TCP protocol packets that were captured on NetMeeting. Figure 4.22: The TCP protocol packets that were captured on Yahoo Messenger. Figure 4.23: The TCP protocol packets that were captured on PalTalk. Figure 4.24: The TCP protocol packets that were captured on MSN. LIST OF TABLE Table 1.1 : Comparison between the applications. vu

11 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT Video conferencing in its most basic form is the transmission of image (video) and speech (audio) back and forth between two or more physically separate locations. This is accomplished through the use of cameras (to capture and send video from remote endpoints), microphones (to capture and send audio from local endpoint), and speakers (to play audio received from remote endpoints). Video conferencing systems have the task of making people feeling like they are all sharing the same space and communicating as they were in the same room. The video conferencing technology is the ability to hold face-to-face meetings over distance without the need to travel and normally use by the people around to communicate and share information. Today, there are many company develop software for video conferencing. One of the services is by developed software based on video conferencing. From the development, it may give problem to the problem to the people to decide which software provides better performance to them.

12 PC Video ConfbreiiclimSystein PC Video Confbrenclnc System Video Conferencing Oeneral TJses: One - to - One IVIeetlng Figure 1.1 : One-to-one video conferencing communication way. 1.2 PROBLEM BACKGROUND The rapid growth of the telecommunications terminology nowadays has caused a lot of service are introduced. The communicating process has become the most important aspect in life especially in business and study environment. The user should know how to choose which service provides better performance for them. So, that cause many company produced and introduced software for video conferencing to help the user in conversation process. In this case, video conferencing allows application sharing where it enables face-to-face access in real-time, rather than incurring the time to travel. From that, the users need to determine which video conferencing software provides better services to them especially on the performance side.

13 1.3 PROBLEM STATEMENT Many methods are used to talk with the other people at different location. One of the methods that people can be used is via video conferencing which is the newest in communication technology. By using video conferencing, people not only can see and hear each other at the same time, but can also see their expressions, their body language and their reactions. Video conferencing also involve the transmission process of image and audio send back and forth between two more separate locations. There are many type of video conferencing software on the market today and people especially student do not know what the best type of video conferencing software that they would be used. People do not know about the performance of video conferencing software and which one is the best to be use. People also do not know the advantages and the disadvantages each of the software. They do not know how to measure the performance and quality of the software based on the certain factors such as respond time, delay, packet and the quality of the picture and audio. In this research, we will explain several of software that will provides the better performance in video conferencing such as packet receive, jitter, bandwidth and throughput to the student and lecturer for their conversation outside the classroom.

14 1.4 PROJECT OBJECTIVE This research project is done regarding the main objectives. It is important to state the objectives of research clearly; it is to ensure the research is kept on the track. We had decided to limit the objective into two approaches. The first objective is to implement video conferencing for education purposes outside the classroom. We will configure and setup all the things needed for making video conferencing. The second objective is to analyze the performance for video conferencing. In this report, we focused more on Yahoo Messenger, NetMeeting, MSN Messenger and PalTalk. 1.5 PROJECT SCOPE This video conferencing will be use for educational environment. We will use the requirement such as video camera, CODEC software, network interface card, monitor, speaker, microphone, and Ethereal analyzer to complete this research. By using Ethereal analyzer, we will analyze the software application performance based on the packet receive, jitter, bandwidth and throughput. Under this objective, we will identify which software is the best software that we can advice the student and lecturer to be use based on their performance. This is user-friendly system, anybody can use it but in this research, we will focus more on students and student or student with their lecturer for conversation process outside the classroom by using the most efficient and reliable software.

15 1.6 ORGANIZATION OF THE RESEARCH This is the detailed about the thesis organization to make it more efficient and a guide to do the project research. Through this stage, we should obtain clear view of overall of the thesis and problems about this project. Chapter 1: Introduction In this chapter, we had been discussed about the overall of the research in general. It contains the overviews of the problem, objectives, scope and significance of the total project. Chapter 2: Literature Reviews This chapter will discuss about literature reviews that related to the research. Studied from the previous project and the similarity with others, it helps and gives us an idea to start and how to organize the project. Chapter 3: Methodology This chapter will discuss about the approaches and methodologies employed to the project. The discussion is consisting of all methodfiromthe beginning until the end of the project. Chapter 4: Finding and Discussion This chapter will be focus about the finding for what we have got from the methodologies from the previous chapter 3. Based on the approaches, all findings

16 will be analyze and capture from the result of the project. This will be present in the proper manner through this chapter. Chapter 5: Recommendation This chapter is about recommendation to suggest for new project to others in fixture. Chapter 6: Conclusion This chapter is the last topic or the overall of the research that has been done. It will be svmimarize to provide the conclusion of the project. 1.7 PROJECT SIGNIFICANT From the result of this project, we can communicate through video conferencing using the internet broadband. Besides that, we also can choose which is the best software to use based on it packet receive, bandwidth, jitter and throughput as the performance. People will know advantages and disadvantages of the various software products in depth and make decision which one is the best for them to communicate between each other.

17 1.8 SUMMARY As the conclusion, we hope, at the end of this project, the people will use this new technology in their daily life. We also hope this technology will give more convenient and comfortable to the people to contact each other's. By looking for their effectiveness and efficiency, we hope this technology will help the people improve their communication skills. From this analysis, they will know which is the software product provide the better performance to them in, their live communication conversation and they can make a good choice. We also hope by making this analysis, we can help the software companies improve their productivity.

18 CHAPTER! LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY For a very long time, telecommunication was about sending the equivalent of voice messages and alphanumeric characters over long distances. This initially required a physical medium, a conductor that could carry an electric current connecting the two points between which telecommimication were required. The Morse code, one of the earliest attempts at efficient transmission of alphanumeric characters, found wide usage in telegraphy. The development of electronics and communication theory led to technologies that were able to transmit several signals on the same wire simultaneously. 2.2 VIDEO CONFERENCING The essence of video conferencing is communication. It is defined as the live connection of two or more people using some combination of video, audio and data for the purpose of communication. Video conferencing technology is not new. It has been around since 1964 when AT&T introduced the first videophone in the World's Fair (Wemmett, 1997). However the concept never took off. The four main hurdles multimedia conferencing must overcome are cost, reliability, ease of use, and cultural acceptance. Good video conferencing equipment is priced still beyond the reach of the average consumer. Unfortunately, the equipment sold on the consumer market is still unreliable and does not meet the quality of service most consumers would expect. In addition, traditional multimedia conferencing

19 equipment has been cumbersome and difficult to use. Finally, the most difficult barrier to overcome is culture. The technology is not accepted for everyday use by our culture. Many fear the technology and perhaps the evasion of privacy into their homes. Despite these drawbacks, video conferencing is gaining wide appeal in government, business, education, and medicine. The appeal of multimedia technology to these sectors is cost savings from less travel, acceleration in time to market, and increased group collaboration. TT S6K DSL 1.' - «-^1 : ;....:.:. rnfemet V - -'. / if-: ' -i Any-Bandwidth^" TfeChnology Figure 2.1 : Video conferencing over the internet. 2.3 EDUCATION OUTSIDE THE CLASSROOM Students are often motivated by those things they can actually watch in practice or touch for themselves. The fact that the notes that an instructor would have normally written on the chalkboard are now placed on a computer and projected to a classroom does not necessarily generate interest in a topic. In college courses, it is common to see a professor present a summary of the results of reseeirch

20 conducted by scientists in that field. However, it might be more advantageous to have the expert in that classroom to explain the purpose of their research and to describe the process they used to reach their conclusions. Students could ask questions and learn more about the topic rather than the minor details an instructor could provide during lecture. However, by using a tool now found in many classrooms (computer), the expert could talk to students anywhere in the world using web camera and videoconferencing software. Students could then use the microphones in their computers to talk back to the expert and have a serious dialogue about their research. Video conferencing could be applied to a wide range of subjects. High school students could use this technology to communicate with students in other countries in order to learn and practice the languages of those countries and explore their culture. Video conferencing is just one technology that could better motivate students and educate them in a hands-on manner. Participants at each site can see and hear the instructor, and be seen and heard when called upon. Virtual reality could also be employed to allow students to enter a simulated environment and observe what is happening and how their actions affect the outcome of the simulation. The students attend classes from their local adult education centre, communicating with their instructor by talking during the videoconference and by receiving or sending images from a document camera. 2.4 ANALYZING THE PERFORMANCE Analysis the performance means that, make a research and study about performance on detail. Beside that, by doing analysis we also can measure the performance. Measuring performance in an application involves instrumenting the application. At very basic level, instrumenting means keeping track of how long a transfer takes and computing bandwidth from that. 10

21 2.5 SIMILAR PROJECTS Some projects and white paper studied in order to get the correct and depth view of performance in quality of service for video conferencing. The projects studied have the similarity on the analysis in the performance where they are used the same way to analyze the data. i) Performance Measurement Methodologies and Quality of Service Evaluation in (VoIP) and Desktop Video Conferencing Networks, by Henry Tobiet and Pascal Lorenz. The paper related to performance and quality of service evaluation for VoIP and desktop video conferencing services in IP networks. Simulation based performance measurements consist in the generation of performance statistics obtained by measurements realized by simulation on the subscriber interface. They include detailed measurement of call quality, call set-up quality and availability. ii) Measuring Perceived Quality of Speech and Video in Multimedia Conferencing Applications, by Anna Watson This report was currently much discussion of Quality of Service (QoS) measurements at the network level of real-time multimedia services, but it was the subjective quality perceived by the user that will determine whether the applications were adopted. Researchers, network providers and application developers have a requirement to understand and measure the perceived quality of real-time muhimedia communication from the end user's point of view. 11

22 2.6 SUMMARY Video conferencing was one example of a synchronous conferencing system that was one that takes place in real time between individuals or groups who were usually separated geographically. It actually encompasses a range of technologies used in a wide range situation, often it was not just video and audio that was transmitted but also data allowing collaborative working though shared applications. The performance was important for this technology because it will affect the way that conversation occurs and give uncomfortable feel for the people to communicate. Delay, bandwidth, respond time, throughput and jitter are the factors that always occur when conversation begin. Those things carmot diminish but on this report we will help people to make a choice in choosing the best of video conferencing software. 12

23 CHAPTERS METHODOLOGY 3.1 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses on the steps taken during analysis the performance of video conferencing. All the methods used are based on the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). There are five phase on SDLC but we use three main phase only such as planning, implementing and analysis on conducting the analysis the performance of video conferencing environments. All the information will be described in details on this chapter. 3.2 METHODS OF RESEARCH For this research, we used SDLC method to complete our analysis. Only certain of SDLC method we used and there were planning, implementing and analysis Phase 1: Planning This Phase of the SDLC is required to determine the feasibility of a particular project proceeding, or not. This Phase will produce a high-level overview document of the proposed project. It will contain information relating to the 13

24 project's requirements and will enable the formalization and definition of the scope of the project. On planning phase, we divide it into two sub task (data collection and software or hardware requirement). The data will collected on all type of resources like magazines, surfing, books and journals and the hardware and software that are use will list Phase 2: Implementing On this phase, we will implement the project and make testing. The installation and configuration of software product or hardware devices will start at this level Phase 3: Analysis The performance will be analyzed after finish implements the research. From the data collect also we can analyze and identify the conclusion. 3.4 SUMMARY In conclusion, in this chapter we discuss on detail about SDLC Method and what we want to do in accomplishing our project. The methods used in this research project are gathering information, observation and analysis. Gathering information method used to gathered important information for analysis the performance of video conferencing. Observation method is done over the data that were gathered. Analysis method used to analyze the data gathered from the analyzing the video conferencing software. 14