The lucky country. Australian activation policies in international comparison. Peter Davidson (April 2013)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "The lucky country. Australian activation policies in international comparison. Peter Davidson (April 2013)"

Transcription

1 The lucky country Australian activation policies in international comparison Peter Davidson (April 2013)

2 THE LUCKY COUNTRY 'Australia is a lucky country, run by second-rate people who share its luck. Donald Horne (Australian historian, 1964)

3 THE RECESSION THAT DIDN T HAPPEN 10,0 8,0 6,0 Australia and OECD (GDP and unemployment) OECD (unemployment) Australia (unemployment) per cent 4,0 2,0 0,0 Australia (GDP) OECD (GDP) -2, ,0-6,0

4 DIVERGING FORTUNES 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 0, per cent Unemployment rates OECD United Kingdom Denmark Netherlands Australia

5 THE LONGER VIEW (PRE-RECESSION) Reliance on unemployment assistance (all and longterm), Australia 8,0% % of popln of working age 7,0% 6,0% 5,0% 4,0% 3,0% 2,0% 1,0% 0,0% Unemployment assistance (% popln of w.a.) Unemployment assistance >12mnths (% popln of w.a.)

6 THE LONGER VIEW (PRE-RECESSION) 6,0% Reliance on unemployment insurance and social assistance (Netherlands) % of popln of working age 5,0% 4,0% 3,0% 2,0% 1,0% Social assistance (% popln of w.a.) Social assistance >12mnths (% popln of w.a.) Unemployment insurance (% popln of w.a.) Unemployment insurance >12mnths (% popln of w.a.) 0,0%

7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. How did activation policies for long term recipients of unemployment payments (payment generosity, work incentives, activity requirements, employment assistance) vary between AUS, UK, NL & DK in 90s and 00s? 2. To what extent, and why, did they converge or diverge? 3. Specifically, what were the main influences on changes in work experience programs for LTU people, and what does this say about national approaches to activation?

8 UNEMPLOYMENT PAYMENTS Country Unemployment insurance Unemployment assistance Australia n.a. Newstart Allowance Netherlands WW Werkloosheidswet (unemployment payment) Abw/WWB - Algemene bijstandswet/ Wet Werk en Bijstand (Work and Benefits Act)

9 WORK EXPERIENCE PROGRAMS (EXAMPLES) Country Paid Unpaid Australia Netherlands Job Compact Private wage subsidies Public wage subsidies Melkert banen WIW Banen Work for the Dole Voluntary work Sociale activering

10 A FRAMEWORK FOR COMPARING EMPLOYMENT PARTICIPATION POLICES Income protection Work incentives Activation Work capacity Employment

11 A FRAMEWORK FOR COMPARING EMPLOYMENT PARTICIPATION POLICES Income protection Work incentives Activation Work capacity Employment

12 INSTITUTIONAL INHERITANCE (1990S) AUS, UK Low and mostly income tested payments (but widely available to low income households) Low investment in workforce capacity building programs for disadvantaged jobseekers, women Low corporatism, central govt. dominance Large lowskilled workforce, modest femalepartn DK, NL High and more widely available payments High investment in capacity building Key roles for municipal govt. & social partners Small low skilled workforce, high female part n (though less so in NL)

13 BENEFIT REPLACEMENT RATES Unemployment benefit replacement rates (net of tax) for single long-term unemployed, incl housing benefits (%) Australia United Kingdom OECD Netherlands Denmark

14 INVESTMENT IN EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE 2,00 1,80 1,60 1,40 1,20 1,00 0,80 0,60 0,40 0,20 0, LMP expenditure - all (% of GDP) Denmark Netherlands OECD Australia United Kingdom

15 ACTIVATION IN NL AND AUS : POLICY DIRECTIONS FROM 90S TO MID 00S Convergence 1990s: big investment in paid work experience as a stepping stone to activation Early 00s: tighter focus on employment outcomes at lower cost NPM ideas: contracting out, centralised decentralisation Evaluation findings International policy learning: OECD, EU, US As activation policies matured and unemployment fell, a challenge to assist more disadvantaged jobseekers Difference High Vs low benefits High Vs low investment in LMPs Full Vs incomplete contracting out Central Govt retreat from employment assistance in NL Policies to make work pay Different treatment of Dutch Municipal social assistance clients, elements of an income protection approach remained (e.g. social activation, 40% not activated at all by 2007)

16 ACTIVATION IN NL AND AUS : POLICY DIRECTIONS FROM 90S TO MID 00S Convergence 1990s: big investment in paid work experience as a stepping stone to activation Early 00s: tighter focus on employment outcomes at lower cost NPM ideas: contracting out, centralised decentralisation Evaluation findings International policy learning: OECD, EU, US As activation policies matured and unemployment fell, a challenge to assist more disadvantaged jobseekers Difference High Vs low benefits High Vs low investment in LMPs Full Vs incomplete contracting out Central Govt retreat from employment assistance in NL Policies to make work pay Different treatment of Dutch Municipal social assistance clients, elements of an income protection approach remained (e.g. social activation, 40% not activated at all by 2007)

17 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE IN AUSTRALIA

18 A GROWING % OF UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFIT RECIPIENTS IS UNEMPLOYED LONG-TERM 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% > 1 yr 1-2 yrs 3+yrs 20% 10% 0%

19 DUE TO LOWER UNEMPLOYMENT AND WELFARE TO WORK POLICIES, THE PROFILE OF THE JOBSEEKER POPULATION HAS CHANGED: Two in three Newstart Allowees are long-term recipients One in six has a partial work capacity One in three is 45 years old or over Two out of five have less than Year 12 qualifications One in 10 NSA recipients is of Indigenous background One in fifteen is a sole parent

20 EMPLOYMENT SERVICES AND UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS IN AUSTRALIA All benefits paid by a central Govt. agency (Centrelink) All benefits are social assistance (flat-rate and income tested), First country to contract out the whole of its employment services system (in 1998) Expenditure on LMPs was halved at this time In 2009, Job Network replaced by Job Services Australia A single national 3-yearly tender administered by the Employment Ministry Provider business share allocated according to performance based on star ratings

21 JOB SERVICES AUSTRALIA CONTRACT STRUCTURE Service payments (40%): Based on regular interviews and supervision of activity requirements Employment Pathway Fund or EPF (30%): Funds quarantined for approved investments in jobseekers, averaged across the caseload Outcome payments (30%): Higher for those leaving benefits for 3-6 months, and for more disadvantaged jobseekers Performance management: Star ratings (a measure of value-added) largely determine business shares

22 JSA FEE STRUCTURE

23 ACTIVATION Regular interviews (at least 2 monthly) are used to test availability for employment and compliance with requirements Regular intensive activation periods (generally 6 months per year) are used both to test availability/compliance and to improve skills and work capacity In theory, providers have: (a) requirements to keep jobseekers active (service fees) (b) incentives to invest in the most disadvantaged (outcome payments & star ratings) (c) the resources to do so (EPF)

24 THREE KEY CHANGES IN 2009 (JSA) 1. Risk-based rather than duration-based targeting of intensive assistance 3. More flexibility for providers in sequencing of intensive activation 5. Changes in the profile of investment in disadvantaged jobseekers: More support for vocational training A new wage subsidy scheme But no increase in overall funding!

25 (1) TARGETING: LTU HAVE FARED RELATIVELY POORLY

26 (2) PROVIDER FLEXIBILITY IN JSA Providers have more flexibility re timing and nature of intensive activities (than Job Network) But average employment consultant caseload is approx 114 (9 interviews per day) Low resources for investment: e.g. an average of $Aud500 (E380) in EPF for 2nd year of unemployment Most JSA funding is tied up in fee-for-service (e.g. interviews), with detailed reporting requirements Unemployed people have very limited choice of provider and activities

27 (3) INVESTMENT IN SKILLS Positive influences: More flexibility for parents to train More vocational training places available New wage subsidy scheme for VLTU people Negative influences: The search for low cost activities Lack of incentives and resources for vocational training providers to assist disadvantaged jobseekers Only 10,000 private wage subsidies available per year

28 CONCLUSIONS JSA providers have more resources and incentives to assist those at greatest risk of LTU but less for LTU than Job Network. This is reflected in employment outcomes Providers have more freedom to decide the form of intensive activation but limited resources and incentives to take advantage of this (especially if caseloads remain high and EPF remains low) There has been a shift in investment towards training (and to a lesser extent, wage subsidies) Whether this improves outcomes depends largely whether training is tailored to the needs of jobseekers or least cost activation

29 Extra slides

30 CONVERGE AND DIVERGENCE IN WELFARE POLICY 1970s and 80s: Welfare retrenchment under pressure of higher unemployment and fiscal costs But international experience varied Explanations - path dependency (Pierson), welfare regimes (Esping Andersen) 90s and 00s: Paradigm shift to activation (Weishaupt) Convergence with different paths and speeds? Problem of how to measure the stance of policy, on what dimensions, with what data? (Clasen)

31 HYPOTHESES 1. Convergence towards activation policies: - a way to cut costs without cutting payments But by different paths: 2. Enduring differences in income protection (high Vs low payments) 3. Enduring differences in priority given to strengthening work incentives Vs employment capacity building: - one reason: high benefits leave less room to improve incentives and offer bigger fiscal rewards for capacity building 5. As unemployment falls, all face challenge of activating more disadvantaged LTU populations

32 LOW SKILLED WORKERS ( ) % of working age population with less than Year 12 qualifications 50% 45% 40% 35% 30% 43% 38% 35% 38% 33% 31% 28% 32% 25% 20% 20% 18% 15% 10% 5% 0% Australia United Kingdom Netherlands Denmark OECD average

33 PAID EMPLOYMENT AMONG MOTHERS 90 % of mothers employed Australia United Kingdom Netherlands Denmark OECD

34 LABOUR MARKET POLICIES (CIRCA 2000) Labour market policies Australia United Kingdom Netherlands Denmark Minimum wages High Average Average High Employment protecoon Low Low High Low Coordinated wage bargaining Low Low High Average % of low skilled workers Average Average Low Low Generosity of income support - short term payments (b) Low Low High High - long term payments (c Average to high* Average to high** High High Employment parecipaeon policies IncenOves for fullome work (e) High Average Low Low IncenOves for part Ome work High Average Low Low Investment in labour market assistance (f) Low Low High High Strictness of requirements (g) High Low High High Frequency of reporong (h) High High Low Low

35 O Connor, 2008, Future of employment services in Australia, pp4-6 WHY WAS JOB SERVICES AUSTRALIA (JSA) INTRODUCED IN 2009? When the Job Network was introduced in 1998, the unemployment rate was 7.7 per cent. The unemployment rate is now 4.2 per cent. Although the country has experienced a significant and welcome fall in unemployment, a higher proportion of job seekers are disadvantaged and have experienced long-term unemployment. The considerable public investment in employment assistance has not been targeted to those most in need...the most disadvantaged job seekers do not receive enough help. Evaluations of Job Network have shown the value of individualised and flexible service delivery. The time-based servicing continuum is inflexible and requires all job seekers to be treated in the same way at the same time. Current contract arrangements and incentives skew employment provider behaviour towards obtaining short-term jobs rather than equipping job seekers with the skills they need.

36 CONCERNS ABOUT THE JOB NETWORK: Support for the principle of outcomes-based purchasing But assistance was standardised, control by the purchaser was pervasive, and funding was transactional leading to a process line mentality Reliance on jobseeker compliance, not engagement

37 TARGETING INTENSIVE SERVICES: DEFINING DISADVANTAGE Job Network: Duration-based targeting Highest level of assistance = 6 months of Customised Assistance Targeted towards: Unemployed months, Unemployed months, High risk of LTU Job Services Australia: Risk based targeting (4 streams ) Highest level of assistance (for 1 year) targeted towards: Those with disability/ social barriers (Stream 4) Others at risk of LTU (Stream 3), In the first year of unemployment

38 RESOURCES WERE SHIFTED FROM LTU TO THOSE MOST AT RISK OF IT Typical Job Network and JSA fees by unemployment duration (excluding outcome payments) < 1 year 1-2 years 2-3 years 3 years + JN (not highly disadvantaged) JSA (stream 3)

39 RISK ASSESSMENT IS BROADLY ACCURATE 70 Employment outcomes from JSA, Sept 11 (%) all Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4 Work experience activity

40 FLEXIBILITY: THE JOB NETWORK CONTINUUM AND JSA COMPARED APM continuum (Job Network): A fixed set of activities at fixed times Job Search Training at 3 months, 3 months of (3 days pw) intensive activity at 12 months, then 6 months of mutual obligation every 12 months JSA continuum: No set activities in first year (except Stream 1) 6 months of intensive activation after 12 months, and every year thereafter Providers have more flexibility re timing and nature of activity, but must organise and pay for it (e.g no separate Work for the Dole funding stream)

41 (3) INVESTMENT IN DISADVANTAGED JOBSEEKERS More encouragement for training: 20% bonus for employment outcomes after training Expansion of VET funding (Productivity Places Program) More flexibility for parents to train, and new requirements for early school leavers to do so Changes to work experience programs: Work for the Dole no longer funded independently New 10,000-place wage subsidy scheme for VLTU

42 INCIDENCE OF VOCATIONAL TRAINING, WAGE SUBSIDIES, AND WORK FOR THE DOLE Program ParEcipaEon Job Network: Average investment using JSkr Acct/EPF Training 14% of Customised Assistance $350 Wage subsidies 3,000 in Wage Assist $2,590 Work for the Dole 65,000 in JSA: Training 18-21% of Streams 3&4 $300 Wage subsidies 10,000 in BAFW $2,050 Work for the Dole 28,000 in

Towards more efficient and responsive employment services: submission to APESAA

Towards more efficient and responsive employment services: submission to APESAA Towards more efficient and responsive employment services: submission to APESAA ACOSS Paper 184 January 2012 Australian Council of Social Service Locked Bag 4777, Strawberry Hills, NSW, 2012. T (02) 9310

More information

Job Services Australia Performance Management Advice

Job Services Australia Performance Management Advice Job Services Australia Performance Management Advice V 1.0 Disclaimer This guide outlines the principles of the enhanced Performance Management Framework. The content contained in this guide was accurate

More information

Management of Services Delivered by Job Services Australia

Management of Services Delivered by Job Services Australia The Auditor-General Audit Report No.37 2013 14 Performance Audit Management of Services Delivered by Job Services Australia Department of Employment Australian National Audit Office Commonwealth of Australia

More information

An Australian experiment with conditional welfare findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory

An Australian experiment with conditional welfare findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory An Australian experiment with conditional welfare findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory 1 October 2013 Rob Bray Research School of Economics ANU Introduction A brief

More information

Use of the Coat of Arms The terms under which the Coat of Arms can be used are set out on the It s an Honour website (see www.itsanhonour.gov.au).

Use of the Coat of Arms The terms under which the Coat of Arms can be used are set out on the It s an Honour website (see www.itsanhonour.gov.au). Social Services 13 May 2014 Commonwealth of Australia 2014 ISBN 978-0-642-74983-3 This publication is available for your use under a Creative Commons BY Attribution 3.0 Australia licence, with the exception

More information

Finland Population: Fertility rate: GDP per capita: Children under 6 years: Female labour force participation:

Finland Population: Fertility rate: GDP per capita: Children under 6 years: Female labour force participation: Finland Population: 5.21 m. Fertility rate: 1.7. GDP per capita: USD 26 500. Children under 6 years: 399 889. Female labour force participation: 72% of women (15-64 years) are employed, 18.2% of whom are

More information

Employment Assistance for Long-term Unemployed People: Time for a Rethink

Employment Assistance for Long-term Unemployed People: Time for a Rethink Employment Assistance for Long-term Unemployed People: Time for a Rethink Peter Davidson Australian Council of Social Service 1 Introduction In 1998, employment assistance for long-term unemployed people

More information

EMPLOYMENT PLAN 2014 AUSTRALIA

EMPLOYMENT PLAN 2014 AUSTRALIA EMPLOYMENT PLAN 2014 AUSTRALIA Employment Plan 2014 Australia 2 CONTENTS 1. Employment and labour market outlook 2. Employment challenges for Australia 3. Current policy settings and new commitments 4.

More information

Youth unemployment policies: Review of the Danish Youth Unemployment Programme and the British New Deal for Young People

Youth unemployment policies: Review of the Danish Youth Unemployment Programme and the British New Deal for Young People Youth unemployment policies: Review of the Danish Youth Unemployment Programme and the British New Deal for Young People 1 Introduction Within the Peer Review project, the joint review of good practices

More information

> plan your post-school education and training. > learn about future work opportunities. > find out where to get help and information

> plan your post-school education and training. > learn about future work opportunities. > find out where to get help and information > plan your post-school education and training > learn about future work opportunities > find out where to get help and information This is an exciting time! You have almost finished Year 12 and are about

More information

Australia's quasi-market delivery of case management

Australia's quasi-market delivery of case management International Social Security Association International Experts Workshop of the ISSA Technical Commission on Unemployment Insurance and Employment Maintenance Case management to sustainable employment?

More information

Impact of the recession

Impact of the recession Regional Trends 43 21/11 Impact of the recession By Cecilia Campos, Alistair Dent, Robert Fry and Alice Reid, Office for National Statistics Abstract This report looks at the impact that the most recent

More information

New Forms of Security needed for Australia s Open Economy

New Forms of Security needed for Australia s Open Economy New Forms of Security needed for Australia s Open Economy Dr Richard Curtain Public policy consultant Curtain Consulting, Melbourne www.curtain consulting.net.au 14 February 2005 Refereed paper presented

More information

Appendices: Background information. Appendix 1: Gaps in the social safety net. Improving access to disability services

Appendices: Background information. Appendix 1: Gaps in the social safety net. Improving access to disability services Appendices: Background information Appendix 1: Gaps in the social safety net Improving access to disability services The lack of adequate, appropriate, affordable and universal services for people with

More information

Australian Vocational Education and Training Responses in the New Global Economic Context Christine Dacey

Australian Vocational Education and Training Responses in the New Global Economic Context Christine Dacey Australian Vocational Education and Training Responses in the New Global Economic Context Christine Dacey Branch Manager, Industry Engagement Branch Australian Department of Education, Employment and Workplace

More information

2 Social security and welfare expenses

2 Social security and welfare expenses 2 Social security and welfare expenses Total spending on social security and welfare was $131.9 billion in 2012-13, or around one third of total government spending. The composition of this spending is

More information

PES Network contribution to the consultation regarding a COM proposal for a Council Recommendation on Job Integration for the Long-term Unemployed

PES Network contribution to the consultation regarding a COM proposal for a Council Recommendation on Job Integration for the Long-term Unemployed PES Network contribution to the consultation regarding a COM proposal for a Council Recommendation on Job Integration for the Long-term Unemployed 1 Background The PES network Board agreed at its December

More information

Douglas J. Besharov. Normand and Florence Brody Professor School of Public Policy University of Maryland. and. Senior Fellow The Atlantic Council

Douglas J. Besharov. Normand and Florence Brody Professor School of Public Policy University of Maryland. and. Senior Fellow The Atlantic Council Douglas J. Besharov Normand and Florence Brody Professor School of Public Policy University of Maryland and Senior Fellow The Atlantic Council (301)405-6341 besharov@umd.edu Testimony Subcommittee on Human

More information

Dutch Work First model European Solution in times of crisis and recession!?

Dutch Work First model European Solution in times of crisis and recession!? Dutch Work First model European Solution in times of crisis and recession!? *Mr. P.G.J.C. van Schie MA St. Dutch Foundation of Innovation Welfare 2 Work Up till early 2013 The Netherlands and Australia

More information

LATVIA. The national Youth Guarantee Implementation Plan 2014-2018 (YGIP)

LATVIA. The national Youth Guarantee Implementation Plan 2014-2018 (YGIP) LATVIA The national Youth Guarantee Implementation Plan 2014-2018 (YGIP) 1. Context/Rationale (see SWD section 1.2 and 1.5) Description of youth unemployment in Latvia. The overall youth unemployment rate

More information

OECD THEMATIC FOLLOW-UP REVIEW OF POLICIES TO IMPROVE LABOUR MARKET PROSPECTS FOR OLDER WORKERS. DENMARK (situation mid-2012)

OECD THEMATIC FOLLOW-UP REVIEW OF POLICIES TO IMPROVE LABOUR MARKET PROSPECTS FOR OLDER WORKERS. DENMARK (situation mid-2012) OECD THEMATIC FOLLOW-UP REVIEW OF POLICIES TO IMPROVE LABOUR MARKET PROSPECTS FOR OLDER WORKERS DENMARK (situation mid-2012) MACROBUTTON NUMBERING (SITUATION In 2011, the employment rate for the population

More information

Welfare Reform Submission SCOA submission:

Welfare Reform Submission SCOA submission: Welfare Reform Submission SCOA submission: The Settlement Council of Australia (SCOA) appreciates the opportunity to make a submission on the Interim Report of the Reference Group on Welfare Reform. SCOA

More information

G20 Labour and Employment Ministers Declaration Moscow, 18-19 July 2013

G20 Labour and Employment Ministers Declaration Moscow, 18-19 July 2013 G20 Labour and Employment Ministers Declaration Moscow, 18-19 July 2013 1. We, the Ministers of Labour and Employment from G20 countries met in Moscow on July 18-19, 2013 to discuss the global labour market

More information

UK Country Report. Marek Naczyk Martin Seeleib-Kaiser

UK Country Report. Marek Naczyk Martin Seeleib-Kaiser Marek Naczyk Martin Seeleib-Kaiser UK context UK welfare state = archetype of liberal welfare regime: State welfare provision kept to a minimum (with exception of universal healthcare cf. NHS) Workers

More information

The active welfare state and the transformation of public service organisations

The active welfare state and the transformation of public service organisations The active welfare state and the transformation of public service organisations Paper for the CARMA 25 th anniversary conference, Workshop 4. Changing labour markets Changing governance of employment policies,

More information

DECENT WORK Ministry of Social Development ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTION LEAD CSF 1 ALLOCATION

DECENT WORK Ministry of Social Development ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTION LEAD CSF 1 ALLOCATION DECENT WORK Ministry of Social Development ACTIVITIES DESCRIPTION LEAD CSF 1 ALLOCATION Monitoring reports to A series of monitoring reports produced to analyse Ministry of Social Development 17, 18 estimate

More information

ANNEX E. Czech Republic

ANNEX E. Czech Republic Czech Republic Population: 10.24 m. Fertility rate: 1.18. GDP per capita: USD 15 100. Children under 6years: 540 000. Female labour force participation: Female labour force participation rate for women

More information

Recent Developments in Labor Activation in Denmark

Recent Developments in Labor Activation in Denmark Labor Activation_Denmark_13_1205.wpd Recent Developments in Labor Activation in Denmark Douglas J. Besharov Douglas M. Call Even before the 2007/2008 Financial Crisis and the national recessions that followed,

More information

Australia. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long- Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013.

Australia. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long- Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long- Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013. Australia expenditure on long-term care as a share of GDP is relatively small (0.04%)

More information

SICKNESS, DISABILITY AND WORK Improving opportunities in Norway, Poland and Switzerland

SICKNESS, DISABILITY AND WORK Improving opportunities in Norway, Poland and Switzerland Seminar, 7 June 6, Warszawa SICKNESS, DISABILITY AND WORK Improving opportunities in Norway, Poland and Switzerland P. Andersson, M. Förster, M. Pearson, Ch. Prinz OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour

More information

Multi-level governance and employment policy

Multi-level governance and employment policy Multi-level governance and employment policy Background paper for the session on employment policy at the Multilevel Governance Conference - 2 December 2010 - Liège Ludo Struyven (HIVA, Leuven University)

More information

Adult Learning Australia

Adult Learning Australia Adult Learning Australia The Rudd Labor Government commends the work of Adult Learning Australia and we are proud to be working with your organisation through the Department of Education, Employment and

More information

Submission to the Tax White Paper Taskforce review of Australia s retirement income system

Submission to the Tax White Paper Taskforce review of Australia s retirement income system 24 July 2015 Submission to the Tax White Paper Taskforce review of Australia s retirement income system About the NWRN The NWRN is the peak body for community legal services which provide legal advice

More information

Registered unemployed people include people registered with UWV Werkbedrijf (formerly CWI or employment agency) aged 16-64 years who:

Registered unemployed people include people registered with UWV Werkbedrijf (formerly CWI or employment agency) aged 16-64 years who: Unemployment in The Netherlands National level 2010 2011 Total Female Male Total Female Male Unemployment rate 5,4% 4,9% 5,9% 5,4% 4,5% 6,3% Immigrants 10,2% 9,7% 10,7% 13,1% 12,2% 14,0% Persons up to

More information

ANTICIPATING POPULATION AGEING CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES. Peter Whiteford Social Policy Division, OECD www.oecd.org www.oecd.

ANTICIPATING POPULATION AGEING CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES. Peter Whiteford Social Policy Division, OECD www.oecd.org www.oecd. ANTICIPATING POPULATION AGEING CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES Peter Whiteford Social Policy Division, OECD www.oecd.org www.oecd.org/els Outline z z z What is the OECD and what does it do? Anticipating the challenges

More information

International Women's Day PwC Women in Work Index

International Women's Day PwC Women in Work Index www.pwc.co.uk International Women's Day Women in Work Index Women in Work Index UK rises four places to 14 th position within the OECD, returning to its position in 2000. The third annual update of the

More information

Equality Impact Assessment: Changes to National Insurance Contribution Conditions. For Employment and Support Allowance and Jobseeker s Allowance

Equality Impact Assessment: Changes to National Insurance Contribution Conditions. For Employment and Support Allowance and Jobseeker s Allowance Equality Impact Assessment: Changes to National Insurance Contribution Conditions For Employment and Support Allowance and Jobseeker s Allowance Equality impact assessment for changes to National Insurance

More information

Building Australia s Future Workforce: trained up and ready for work

Building Australia s Future Workforce: trained up and ready for work Building Australia s Future Workforce: trained up and ready for work May 211 Building Australia s Future Workforce: trained up and ready for work May 211 Commonwealth of Australia 211 ISBN 978--642-74693-1

More information

STATEMENT FROM THE NATIONAL REFORM SUMMIT

STATEMENT FROM THE NATIONAL REFORM SUMMIT STATEMENT FROM THE NATIONAL REFORM SUMMIT Australia is a wealthy country that can have an even more prosperous future shared by everyone. We believe in sustainable economic growth and the creation of high-quality

More information

Jobs and Training Compact Evaluation Report

Jobs and Training Compact Evaluation Report Jobs and Training Compact Evaluation Report June 2013 employment.gov.au ISBN 978-1-76028-044-4 [PDF] 978-1-76028-045-1 [DOCX] With the exception of the Commonwealth Coat of Arms, the Department s logo,

More information

ACOSS Paper 163 April 2010 OUT OF THE MAZE: A BETTER SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE OF WORKING AGE

ACOSS Paper 163 April 2010 OUT OF THE MAZE: A BETTER SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE OF WORKING AGE ACOSS Paper 163 April 2010 OUT OF THE MAZE: A BETTER SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM FOR PEOPLE OF WORKING AGE This paper was prepared by Peter Davidson, Senior Policy Officer, with the benefit of advice from the

More information

Job Services Australia - Roadmap for the Future

Job Services Australia - Roadmap for the Future Employment Services in Australia ROADMAP FOR THE FUTURE (DETAILED PROPOSALS) 2 CEO Introduction We are pleased with the reception that Employment Services in Australia Roadmap for the Future (2015 and

More information

WHAT ROLE FOR PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES ON THE LABOUR MARKET?

WHAT ROLE FOR PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES ON THE LABOUR MARKET? CIETT World Employment Conference 28 th May 2015, Rome WHAT ROLE FOR PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICES ON THE LABOUR MARKET? Stefano Scarpetta Director of Employment, Labour and Social Affairs OECD KEY CHALLENGES

More information

Central Land Council s Submission to the Australian Government Review of Indigenous Training and Employment Programs.

Central Land Council s Submission to the Australian Government Review of Indigenous Training and Employment Programs. Central Land Council s Submission to the Australian Government Review of Indigenous Training and Employment Programs 1. Introduction December 2013 The Central Land Council (CLC) is a statutory authority

More information

Job Services Australia: design and implementation lessons for the British context

Job Services Australia: design and implementation lessons for the British context Research report Job Services Australia: design and implementation lessons for the British context by Dan Finn Department for Work and Pensions Research Report No 752 Job Services Australia: design and

More information

DEWR s oversight of Job Network services to job seekers

DEWR s oversight of Job Network services to job seekers The Auditor-General Audit Report No.51 2004 05 Performance Audit Department of Employment and Workplace Relations Centrelink Australian National Audit Office Commonwealth of Australia 2005 ISSN 1036 7632

More information

How To Understand Medical Service Regulation In Japanese

How To Understand Medical Service Regulation In Japanese Overview of Medical Service Regime in Japan 75 years or older 10% copayment (Those with income comparable to current workforce have a copayment of 30%) 70 to 74 years old 20% copayment* (Those with income

More information

Foreword. Jack Dusseldorp CHAIR DUSSELDORP SKILLS FORUM

Foreword. Jack Dusseldorp CHAIR DUSSELDORP SKILLS FORUM Foreword Mutual obligation is now the centrepiece of Australia's approach to social policy. The provision of public income support for individuals and families has become increasingly dependent on recipients

More information

National Disability Employment Framework Issues Paper. Key Employment (DES, Head Office Coffs Harbour, NSW) Response

National Disability Employment Framework Issues Paper. Key Employment (DES, Head Office Coffs Harbour, NSW) Response National Disability Employment Framework Issues Paper Key Employment (DES, Head Office Coffs Harbour, NSW) Response The philosophy that underpins the suggested changes to the Disability Employment Services

More information

Sustainable Safety Nets Australia s Experience

Sustainable Safety Nets Australia s Experience Sustainable Safety Nets Australia s Experience Multi-Pillar Systems of Social Safety Net Seoul 6 December 2006 Dehne Taylor Social Welfare Design Redistribute income through the taxation and social security

More information

Poverty and its Causes

Poverty and its Causes Poverty and its Causes Introduction This report updates ACOSS Poverty Report, last published in October 2010. While the total measurement of poverty in Australia has not been brought up to date since 2006,

More information

Contents. Introduction. Introduction 1. Top five Budget proposals 2. Taxation 7. Social security and aged care 10.

Contents. Introduction. Introduction 1. Top five Budget proposals 2. Taxation 7. Social security and aged care 10. Contents Introduction 1 Top five Budget proposals 2 Taxation 7 Social security and aged care 10 Other measures 15 Introduction After weeks of speculation, the Federal Treasurer Joe Hockey handed down the

More information

National Disability Employment Framework - Issues Paper. May 2015

National Disability Employment Framework - Issues Paper. May 2015 National Disability Employment Framework - Issues Paper May 2015 Purpose of this paper The Australian Government is committed to improving the employment outcomes for people with disability. The Government

More information

UNITED NATIONS INDEPENDENT EXPERT ON THE QUESTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND EXTREME POVERTY

UNITED NATIONS INDEPENDENT EXPERT ON THE QUESTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND EXTREME POVERTY UNITED NATIONS INDEPENDENT EXPERT ON THE QUESTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND EXTREME POVERTY Questionnaire JAN/2011 Post-crisis adjustment and fiscal consolidation processes (2010 onwards) 1. Has your country

More information

Submission A New System for Better Employment and Social Outcomes Interim Report

Submission A New System for Better Employment and Social Outcomes Interim Report 04/08/2014 Via email: WelfareReview@dss.gov.au Submission A New System for Better Employment and Social Outcomes Interim Report The Illawarra Forum is the peak body working for community services and organisations

More information

Some findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory. Rob Bray Research School of Economics ANU

Some findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory. Rob Bray Research School of Economics ANU Some findings from the evaluation of Income Management in the Northern Territory Rob Bray Research School of Economics ANU 2 Structure The evaluation of income management What income management is What

More information

Productivity Commission Draft Research Report Vocational Education and Training Workforce

Productivity Commission Draft Research Report Vocational Education and Training Workforce Productivity Commission Draft Research Report Vocational Education and Training Workforce Submission by the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations March, 2011 1 The Department of Education,

More information

Ankara 14 18 March, 2011 Mr. Kari Pitkanen

Ankara 14 18 March, 2011 Mr. Kari Pitkanen 1.2.3 Policy Value and Analysis and Evaluation Day 1 Education Sector Ankara 14 18 March, 2011 Mr. Kari Pitkanen Program of the Week Monday: Elements and indicators of national education systems and policies

More information

English Summary. Chapter I: Economic outlook. Denmark USA Euro area

English Summary. Chapter I: Economic outlook. Denmark USA Euro area English Summary The report contains three chapters: Chapter I gives an economic outlook for the Danish economy, Chapter II contains a long term projection for the Danish economy focusing on the development

More information

Chapter 2. Key issues

Chapter 2. Key issues Chapter 2 Key issues 2.1 Most submissions did not support the extension of compulsory income management and associated measures outlined in schedule 1. 1 Submissions expressed particular concerns about

More information

Pre-Budget Submission (Federal)

Pre-Budget Submission (Federal) Creating Futures Pre-Budget Submission (Federal) January 2010 www.acpet.edu.au The Australian Council for Private Education and Training (ACPET) is the peak, national industry association for independent

More information

Age, Demographics and Employment

Age, Demographics and Employment Key Facts Age, Demographics and Employment This document summarises key facts about demographic change, age, employment, training, retirement, pensions and savings. 1 Demographic change The population

More information

PF1.5: Child Support

PF1.5: Child Support Definition and methodology PF1.5: Child All who are not living in the same household as their children are legally obliged to make child support towards their financial expense. Most OECD countries have

More information

Getting On: Universal Credit and older workers Giselle Cory May 2013 Resolution Foundation 2013

Getting On: Universal Credit and older workers Giselle Cory May 2013 Resolution Foundation 2013 Briefing Getting On: Universal Credit and older workers Giselle Cory May 2013 Resolution Foundation 2013 E: info@resolutionfoundation.org T: 020 3372 2960 F: 020 3372 2999 Contents Executive Summary...

More information

National Report on Social Protection for the Unemployed: Australia

National Report on Social Protection for the Unemployed: Australia National Report on Social Protection for the Unemployed: Australia A Constitutional and Legal Framework 1. Within Australia s federal structure, legislative power is divided between the Commonwealth and

More information

A RESPONSE TO SHAPING OUR FUTURE A DISCUSSION STARTER FOR THE NEXT NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING 2004-2010

A RESPONSE TO SHAPING OUR FUTURE A DISCUSSION STARTER FOR THE NEXT NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING 2004-2010 A RESPONSE TO SHAPING OUR FUTURE A DISCUSSION STARTER FOR THE NEXT NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING 2004-2010 March 2003 1 This response to Australian National Training Authority

More information

10. STUDENT LOANS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW 1

10. STUDENT LOANS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW 1 90 10. STUDENT LOANS IN EUROPE: AN OVERVIEW 1 Marianne Guille Education is expensive. In 1995 the average global effort in favour of education represented 6.7% of GDP in OECD countries, and this effort

More information

Stability in sickness and disability insurance

Stability in sickness and disability insurance ISF Report 2012:15 Stability in sickness and disability insurance Swedish Social Insurance Inspectorate Stockholm 2012 Inspektionen för socialförsäkringen 1 Summary The Swedish Social Insurance Inspectorate

More information

Chapter 4: Ageing pressures and spending

Chapter 4: Ageing pressures and spending Chapter : Ageing pressures and spending Overview Ageing of the Australian population will contribute to substantial pressure on government spending over the next years. Total spending is projected to increase

More information

Japan. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long-Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013.

Japan. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long-Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013. Highlights from A Good Life in Old Age? Monitoring and Improving Quality in Long-Term Care, OECD Publishing, 2013. Japan has the highest projected share of the population aged over 80 years in the world

More information

AUSTRALIAN GREENS DISSENTING REPORT

AUSTRALIAN GREENS DISSENTING REPORT AUSTRALIAN GREENS DISSENTING REPORT Introduction 1.1 This program is an ill-conceived response to the enormous environmental damage our community faces and does not adequately address the most important

More information

Employing Military Spouses

Employing Military Spouses Employing Military Spouses A guide for employers Incorporating: 1. Introduction The UK has approximately 100,000 military spouses 1 with the important job of supporting a partner in the armed forces, which

More information

Employment policy in Hungary with special regards to the problems of. unemployment

Employment policy in Hungary with special regards to the problems of. unemployment Budapest, 28th of April, 1999 Dr János Hoós professor of economics Budapest University of Economic Sciences. Hungary Employment policy in Hungary with special regards to the problems of The main features

More information

Submission to the Taxation Review Panel. Adequate, fair, sustainable, and simple: Retirement incomes reform. ACOSS, February 2009

Submission to the Taxation Review Panel. Adequate, fair, sustainable, and simple: Retirement incomes reform. ACOSS, February 2009 ACOSS Submission February 2009 Submission to the Taxation Review Panel Adequate, fair, sustainable, and simple: ACOSS, February 2009 Table of Contents Summary... 1 Directions for reform... 2 1. Adequate...

More information

Carers Australia. 2014/15 Federal Budget Summary

Carers Australia. 2014/15 Federal Budget Summary Carers Australia 2014/15 Federal Budget Summary Overview This document lists the major 2014/15 Federal Budget changes which are either carer-specific or are likely to more generally impact on carers. Among

More information

CEPA. Center for Economic Policy Analysis. Flexibility, Employment Development and Active Labour Market Policy in Denmark and Sweden in the 1990s

CEPA. Center for Economic Policy Analysis. Flexibility, Employment Development and Active Labour Market Policy in Denmark and Sweden in the 1990s CEPA Center for Economic Policy Analysis Flexibility, Employment Development and Active Labour Market Policy in Denmark and Sweden in the 1990s Peter Plougmann (Oxford Insight) and Per Kongshøj Madsen

More information

EUROPE 2020 TARGET: TERTIARY EDUCATION ATTAINMENT

EUROPE 2020 TARGET: TERTIARY EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EUROPE 2020 TARGET: TERTIARY EDUCATION ATTAINMENT Low tertiary or equivalent education attainment levels create skills bottlenecks in knowledgeintensive economic sectors and hamper productivity, innovation

More information

Position Statement #37 POLICY ON MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES

Position Statement #37 POLICY ON MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES THE ROYAL AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS Position Statement #37 POLICY ON MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Mental disorder is a major cause of distress in the community. It is one of the remaining

More information

HealthCast 2020: Lessons for Australia

HealthCast 2020: Lessons for Australia HealthCast 2020: Lessons for Australia Presentation to AHIA 2007 Conference of the Australian Health Insurance Association Daniel Tess Partner Health Advisory & Actuarial The HealthCast Series Add image

More information

RESOLUTION TIME TO ACT: MORE QUALITY EMPLOYMENT! COUNCIL OF MEMBERS/ EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL ASSEMBLY BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, 17-18 APRIL 2015

RESOLUTION TIME TO ACT: MORE QUALITY EMPLOYMENT! COUNCIL OF MEMBERS/ EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL ASSEMBLY BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, 17-18 APRIL 2015 RESOLUTION TIME TO ACT: MORE QUALITY EMPLOYMENT! COUNCIL OF MEMBERS/ EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL ASSEMBLY BRUSSELS, BELGIUM, 17-18 APRIL 2015 1 The economic and financial crisis has had a significant negative

More information

Social Security. Social Security Payments and the Taxation System. Technical Series Number One

Social Security. Social Security Payments and the Taxation System. Technical Series Number One Social Security Social Security Payments and the Taxation System Technical Series Number One Social Security Payments and the Taxation System Technical Series No.1 Josh Polette (revised by Kate Chan) Social

More information

NATIONAL AGREEMENT FOR SKILLS AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT

NATIONAL AGREEMENT FOR SKILLS AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL AGREEMENT FOR SKILLS AND WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT Council of Australian Governments An agreement between the Commonwealth of Australia and the States and Territories, being: The State of New South

More information

PAPER 1 THE SCHOOL COUNSELLING WORKFORCE IN NSW GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS

PAPER 1 THE SCHOOL COUNSELLING WORKFORCE IN NSW GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS PAPER 1 THE SCHOOL COUNSELLING WORKFORCE IN NSW GOVERNMENT SCHOOLS Introduction This paper describes the current school counselling service within the Department of Education and Communities (the Department)

More information

Contact us. Hoa Bui T: + 61 (02) 9335 8938 E: hbui@kpmg.com.au. Briallen Cummings T: + 61 (02) 9335 7940 E: bcummings01@kpmg.com.au. www.kpmg.com.

Contact us. Hoa Bui T: + 61 (02) 9335 8938 E: hbui@kpmg.com.au. Briallen Cummings T: + 61 (02) 9335 7940 E: bcummings01@kpmg.com.au. www.kpmg.com. Contact us Hoa Bui T: + 61 (02) 9335 8938 E: hbui@kpmg.com.au Briallen Cummings T: + 61 (02) 9335 7940 E: bcummings01@kpmg.com.au www.kpmg.com.au No reliance This report should not be regarded as suitable

More information

Statistical appendix. A.1 Introduction

Statistical appendix. A.1 Introduction A Statistical appendix A.1 Introduction This appendix contains contextual information to assist the interpretation of the performance indicators presented in the Report. The following four key factors

More information

State of Working Britain

State of Working Britain State of Working Britain Aim is to Gives an up to date assessment of the performance of UK labour market, to highlight recent important developments seeks to describe and understand the major long-term

More information

Taking control of employment support

Taking control of employment support Taking control of employment support October 2013 2 This paper was written by Neil Crowther and Liz Sayce. We are interested in stimulating debate and welcome feedback and discussion on the proposals October

More information

Social Citizenship Rights and Gender/Family Policies. Walter Korpi Swedish Institute for Social Research

Social Citizenship Rights and Gender/Family Policies. Walter Korpi Swedish Institute for Social Research Social Citizenship Rights and Gender/Family Policies Walter Korpi Swedish Institute for Social Research The Logic of Industrialism Industrialism and Industrial Man. A Study of Labor Problems in Economic

More information

SECTION I: Current Michigan Policies on Postsecondary Education for Low-income Parents Receiving Public Assistance

SECTION I: Current Michigan Policies on Postsecondary Education for Low-income Parents Receiving Public Assistance SECTION I: Current Michigan Policies on Postsecondary Education for Low-income Parents Receiving Public Assistance 10 Current Michigan Policies The survey and this report focus on the policies and practices

More information

Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI)

Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI) Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI) Stockholm University WORKING PAPER 6/2002 ESTIMATING POST-TAX SOCIAL INSURANCE BENEFITS: Validity Problems in Comparative Analyses of Net Income Components

More information

Access to meaningful, rewarding and safe employment is available to all.

Access to meaningful, rewarding and safe employment is available to all. Home Previous Reports Links Downloads Contacts The Social Report 2002 te purongo oranga tangata 2002 Introduction Health Knowledge and Skills Safety and Security Paid Work Human Rights Culture and Identity

More information

The Working Environment in UK

The Working Environment in UK Jobcentre Plus Offer - Customer Journey West Yorkshire Delivering Differently to meet the challenges of 2011 and beyond. West Yorkshire Customer Journey Doing what is right for the customer at each contact

More information

Replacement migration in ageing Europe: challenges and perspectives for CEE countries

Replacement migration in ageing Europe: challenges and perspectives for CEE countries Replacement migration in ageing Europe: challenges and perspectives for CEE countries Zsolt Gál Alissa Tolstokorova Effects of Immigration: Host countries, countries of origin, migrants Economic, demographic,

More information

FINANCING AND DELIVERING ORAL HEALTH CARE:

FINANCING AND DELIVERING ORAL HEALTH CARE: FINANCING AND DELIVERING ORAL HEALTH CARE: WHAT CAN WE LEARN FROM OTHER JURISDICTIONS? Stephen Birch, D. Phil. 1,2 Rob Anderson, Ph.D. 2 1. Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University,

More information

Careers of doctorate holders (CDH) 2009 Publicationdate CBS-website: 19-12-2011

Careers of doctorate holders (CDH) 2009 Publicationdate CBS-website: 19-12-2011 Careers of doctorate holders (CDH) 2009 11 0 Publicationdate CBS-website: 19-12-2011 The Hague/Heerlen Explanation of symbols. = data not available * = provisional figure ** = revised provisional figure

More information

SUB-CONTRACTING IN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES

SUB-CONTRACTING IN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES The European Commission Mutual Learning Programme for Public Employment Services DG Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion SUB-CONTRACTING IN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES Review of research findings and

More information

DEMOGRAPHICS AND MACROECONOMICS

DEMOGRAPHICS AND MACROECONOMICS 1 UNITED KINGDOM DEMOGRAPHICS AND MACROECONOMICS Data from 2008 or latest available year. 1. Ratio of over 65-year-olds the labour force. Source: OECD, various sources. COUNTRY PENSION DESIGN STRUCTURE

More information

Private Health Insurance Options in Egypt Discussion with EISA Chairman and senior staff

Private Health Insurance Options in Egypt Discussion with EISA Chairman and senior staff Private Health Insurance Options in Egypt Discussion with EISA Chairman and senior staff Ibrahim Shehata April 27, 2006 Background Health expenditure is dominated by household direct out-ofpocket payments

More information

Dealing with unemployment: What should be the role of labour market programs?

Dealing with unemployment: What should be the role of labour market programs? Dealing with unemployment: What should be the role of labour market programs? Jeff Borland Department of Economics University of Melbourne Author contact: jib@unimelb.edu.au Abstract This review presents

More information