HOW THE EYE WORK. Cornea = Lens Cover Iris and Pupil = Aperture of Camera Lens = Camera s Lenses Retina = Camera s Film

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1 HOW THE EYE WORK Cornea = Lens Cover Iris and Pupil = Aperture of Camera Lens = Camera s Lenses Retina = Camera s Film

2 COMMON VISIONS PROBLEMS Hyperopia Farsightedness Myopia Nearsightedness Astigmatism

3 CORRECTION OPTIONS GLASSES CONTACT LENSES RADIAL KEARATOTOMY PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY LASIK

4 BARRAQUER'S EARLY WORK 1950s, the Spanish ophthalmologist Jose Barraquer - Keratomeleusis -he would cut thin flaps in the cornea to alter its shape. Russian scientist, Svyatoslav Fyodorov ( ), who developed the Radial keratotomy (RK) in the 1970s LASER TO REFRACTIVE SURGERY In 1980, Rangaswamy Srinivasan, at the IBM Research laboratory, discovered that an ultraviolet excimer laser could cut living tissue, with precision and with no thermal damage to the surrounding area. He named the phenomenon "ablative photo-decomposition" (APD). Five years later, in 1985, Steven Trokel at the Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University in New York city, published his work using the excimer laser in radial keratotomy.

5 INTRODUCTION OF LASIK Patent On 20 June, 1989, Gholam A. Peyman was granted a US patent for LASIK (US ). Implementation in USA The U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) commenced a trial of the excimer laser in The first enterprise to receive FDA approval to use an excimer laser for photo-refractive keratectomy was Summit Technology (founder and CEO, Dr. David Muller), In 1992, under the direction of the FDA, Pallikaris introduced LASIK to ten VISX centres.

6 What is LASIK? LASIK= LASER-ASSISTED IN SITU KERATOMILEUSIS and is a procedure that permanently changes the shape of the cornea, the clear covering of the front of the eye, using an excimer laser. LASIK is the most advance form of laser vision correction that is currently available.

7 HOW LASIK IS PERFORMED Step 1. A suction ring is centered over the cornea of the eye

8 Step 2: The microkeratome creates a partial flap in the cornea of uniform thickness

9 Step 3: The corneal flap is folded back on the hinge exposing the middle portion of the cornea.

10 Step 4: The excimer laser is then used to remove tissue and reshape the center of the cornea.

11 Step 5: In the final step, the hinged flap is folded back into its original position.

12 C. H. NAGRI MUNICIPAL EYE HOSPITAL TERTIARY CARE EYE CENTRE CATER ALL EYE SUPERSPECIALITY CARE TEACHING INSTITUTE Refractive error is the most common cause of progressive loss of vision. Extensive television, radio and newspaper advertising have promoted public awareness for refractive surgeries. laser vision correction to improve cosmesis, professional reasons. approximately patients come for spectacle correction / YEAR

13 REFRACTIVE EYE SURGERY CENTRE AIM To provide basic refractive surgery facility to the citizens of Ahmedabad and nearing states at economical rate. Providing education and surgical skill to the post graduate medical students of ophthalmology (M.S.Opthal). Providing exposure and training to students of bachelor (B.optom) and masters of Optometry (M.Optom). To provide training of refractive surgery to cornea fellow at C. H. Nagri eye Hospital.

14 RESOURCES AHMEDABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION NAGRI EYE RESEARCH FOUNDATION TRUST DRASHTI EYE PROJECT- EYE SCREENING OF MUNICIPAL SCHOOL CHILDREN SAMVEDANA EYE CARE FOR DIABETES- DIABETIC EYE CARE FOR CITIZENS OF AHMEDABAD

15 EQUIPMENTS FOR REFRACTIVE SURGERY

16 ESTIMATED COST OF THE PROJECT REFRACTIVE SETUP 2,75,00,000 Rs AMC GRANT OCCULAR INSTRUMENTS 31,85,000 Rs NERFT SUPPORT O.T. EQUIPMENTS 10,20,000 Rs NERFT SUPPORT FURNITURE & FITTINGS 4,67,000 Rs AMC GRANT ELECTRIC CONSUMSION 30,000Rs / mth Pt s RECURRING EXPENSE 2000Rs * 100 Pt / mth SALARY 65000Rs / mth 18,00,000 Rs AMC GRANT 1,20,00,000 Rs NERFT SUPPORT 39,00,000 Rs NERFT SUPPORT TOTAL INVESTMENT COST = 4,98,72,000 Rs

17 RESOURCES NO RESOURCES AMOUNT REMARKS 1 AMC GRANT 2,97,67, % 2 NERFT SUPPORT 2,01,05, % TOTAL 4,98,72,000

18 SUMMARY: Refractive surgery centre at C. H. Nagri Eye Hospital is a joint venture of Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation and Nagri Eye Research Foundation Trust. First ever refractive surgery centre in Govt. / semi Govt. run hospitals providing refractive laser surgery facility to a common person at affordable rate. First refractive centre at teaching eye institute run by Gov. / Municipal Corporation. Seek approval from Nagri Eye Research Foundation Trust to establish the REFRACTIVE SURGERY CENTRE at the C. H. Nagri Municipal Eye Hospital. Require approval from Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation to allocate budget for the said project. (2,97,67,000 Rs)

19 Thank you