Refuse and recycling storage guidance

Transcription

1 and recycling storage guidance A guide for planners and architects submitting planning applications to Hackney Council 1

2 2 Contents 1. Summary 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Submitting a planning application 1.3 Completing building work 2. How waste and recycling is collected 2.1 Household waste for buildings with eight or fewer residential units 2.2 Household waste for buildings with more than eight residential units 2.3 Commercial waste 3. Storage capacity 3.1 Residential waste 3.2 Commercial waste 3.3 Number of containers 4. Design and location of storage areas 4.1 Location 4.2 Convenience 4.3 Screening or covering 4.4 Signage 4.5 Accessibility 4.6 Access paths 4.7 Materials and finishing 4.8 Safety and anti-social behaviour 4.9 Locks 4.10 Fire safety 5. Bulky waste storage 5.1 Location 5.2 Dimensions 5.3 Vehicle access 5.4 Lighting

3 6. Alternative storage arrangements 6.1 Internal waste collection services 6.2 Basement storage 6.3 Lifts for moving waste containers 6.4 Chute systems 6.5 Skips 7. Public facilities 7.1 Public recycling sites 7.2 Litter bins 8. Composting 9. Clinical Waste 10. Vehicle access 10.1 Design of access road and residential streets 10.2 Loading 10.3 Access roads 10.4 Reversing 10.5 Turning areas 10.6 Parking obstructions 10.7 Collection vehicle dimensions: waste / recycling collection vehicle 10.8 Collection vehicle dimensions: skip vehicle 10.9 Minimum dimensions for turning areas (waste collection vehicle) 11. Specifications for waste and recycling containers 12. Useful information and reference documents 3

4 1. Summary 1.1 Introduction This guide is for architects and other people involved in designing and building developments in Hackney to ensure that they enable refuse and recycling to be stored and collected safely. All premises must have adequate provision to store refuse and recycling. Hackney Council is committed to contributing to a regional target of a 50% recycling rate across north London by To enable this, any development must allow 50% of storage space to be allocated to recycling. Space for recycling must be clearly marked on plans. The council promotes use of the Code for Sustainable Homes and BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method). They encourage developers, property owners and architects to provide separate storage facilities for recyclable material. Complying with requirements set out in this document will help developments achieve Code for Sustainable Homes and BREEAM credits. 1.2 Before submitting a planning application When a planning application is submitted, the council will expect details of the proposed storage space for waste and recyclable material to be specified and agreed. Planning permission will not be granted before this is agreed. Before submitting a planning application, you should contact the council s Waste Strategy department for advice on collection and storage arrangements: waste.management@hackney.gov.uk You must specify: estimated volumes and types of waste produced size and location of waste and recycling stores and how recyclable material and other waste will be delivered to these stores equipment used to contain waste proposed collection points and the method for transferring waste to this location. 1.3 Before building is completed At least six weeks prior to residents moving in, a member of Waste Strategy staff will meet you at the development to check there will be no issues that might negatively impact refuse and recycling collections. Six weeks prior to completion you must contact the Environmental Operations department so they can put the development on their collection schedules. It also allows enough time for any bins to be ordered (developers or landlords can also provide their own bins). wasteoperations@hackney.gov.uk

5 2. How residential waste and recycling is collected Currently residential refuse and recycling is collected from street level households weekly. Collection days may be affected by bank holidays so there must be enough space to store all the refuse and recycling produced over a minimum of eight days. Collections from homes on high streets are made twice a day seven days a week during set time bands: Household waste for buildings with six or fewer residential units Residents present their waste, dry recycling and food waste for collection at street level Recycling containers The council provides each home with single use plastic sacks for recycling. For details of this service visit Each home is given a food waste caddy (see specification 11.3) to be kept in the kitchen, a small food waste bin (see specification 11.3) to be presented for collection and compostable liners. Flats above shops are not given food waste bins containers The council does not supply domestic dustbins (see specification ). Residents can store their refuse in standard plastic dustbins off the street but wheeled bins are not normally allowed. 2.2 Household waste for buildings with more than six residential units Communal recycling and refuse facilities must be provided Recycling containers The council currently provides communal recycling containers free of charge: 660 or 1100 litre lockable steel Eurobins for dry recycling 240 or 140 litre plastic wheeled bins within a steel housing unit for food waste. 5

6 See section 11 for specifications. Residents are given reusable bags for dry recycling and kitchen caddies with compostable liners for food waste containers Steel Eurobins can be hired from the council. Developers can also buy their own containers, but they must conform to the specifications set out in section 11. For hire information contact the council s Commercial Waste service: commercialwaste@hackney.gov.uk 3. Storage capacity Use the following tables to work out the storage capacity needed for your development. 3.1 Residential waste and dry recycling storage 50% of total capacity must be used for recycling. Size of unit Studio/one bed units Two bed units Three bed units Four bed units Five bed units Six bed units Total storage capacity required (litres) 100 litres 150 litres 200 litres 250 litres 300 litres 350 litres 6

7 3.1.2 Food waste storage Number of dwellings in development Number of communal food waste bins required 1 x 140 litre 1 x 240 litre 2 x 240 litre 3 x 240 litre 4 x 240 litre 5 x 240 litre 6 x 240 litre 7 x 240 litre 8 x 240 litre 9 x 240 litre Internal segregated recycling and refuse bins Fitted kitchen units should incorporate segregated recycling and refuse bins. They should feature: two compartments for dry recyclables and refuse of equal volume, each of which must be at least 20 litres a third compartment of at least seven litres for food waste a total minimum capacity of all compartments of 47 litres. 3.2 Commercial waste Every commercial unit should have their own independent waste and recycling store unless combined waste collections are agreed between all users and their servicing agent or landlord. Developers should contact the Waste Strategy team to discuss their requirements: waste.management@hackney.gov.uk 50% of total storage should be for recycling. Building use Offices Retail Restaurants Hotels Schools Waste storage requirements 2,600 litres per 1,000m2 of floor space 5,000 litres per 1,000m2 of floor space 1,500 litres 20 dining spaces 50 litres per bedroom 1,000 litres per 100 pupils Cooking oil Restaurants and hotels must include suitable separate storage provision for waste cooking oil. 3.3 Number of containers Every development should have enough separate containers to store the volumes of waste and refuse listed above. The recommended maximum number of containers for a storage area is no more than: ten dustbins eight Eurobins or other four wheeled bins one skip. If any of these are exceeded, a waste storage system with larger waste containers may need to be used. 7

8 4. Design and location of storage areas 4.1 Location Buildings must have an off-street collection area at ground level. Bins must not be left on the public footway as they pose a hazard for pedestrians, especially blind or partially sighted people and those who use wheelchairs or pushchairs. Storage area doors must not open over the public footway or road. Exceptions will be made only where it would require structural and visual changes that are unacceptable to the council. This particularly would apply to listed buildings or buildings in a conservation area. 4.2 Convenience Residents should not have to carry waste more than 30 metres from their home. Recycling and waste facilities should be next to each other. Waste collection crews and caretakers should not have to: carry waste sacks more than 10 metres carry bins or move wheeled bins (up to 360 litres) more than 15 metres move a Eurobin or other large wheeled bin more than 10 metres. 4.3 Screening or covering All communal storage areas should be screened. 4.4 Signage Storage areas should be clearly designated by a suitable door or wall sign and, where appropriate, with floor markings. 4.5 Accessibility Storage areas must be large enough to allow access to all containers by residents without needing to rearrange other bins within the space. There must be enough space to let residents access the long edge of each bin. This is because recycling bin lids are locked to prevent them becoming contaminated with non recyclable rubbish. Access is provided via a flap on the long edge of each bin. Storage must be designed to be accessible for disabled people, as specified in BS 8300:

9 4.6 Access paths For Eurobins or similar wheeled bins, the path between the storage area and vehicle access area should: be free of steps or kerbs (a dropped kerb may be required) have a solid foundation be rendered with a smooth continuous finish (i.e. no cobbled surfaces) be flat, or slope down from the housing or chamber with a maximum gradient of 1:12 have a minimum width of two metres. 4.7 Materials and finishing The floor and walls of bin stores must be constructed and finished in materials that are impervious and easy to clean. Darker and non-porous paving with a smooth texture are easier to clean and will help conceal stains. Where appropriate, a trapped gully and water supply should be provided to make cleaning easier. Where the area is to be enclosed in a roofed building, adequate ventilation must be provided. 4.8 Safety and anti-social behaviour Poor location and poor design can lead to communal refuse/recycling storage areas attracting anti-social behaviour or being perceived as unsafe. To avoid anti-social behaviour and fly tipping, communal waste and recycling sites should be in over-looked positions close to areas of activity. Consider combining sites with other communal facilities such as bike shelters, although this must be balanced with the need to avoid undermining overall quality of place. Internal stores must include lighting. 4.9 Locks Waste storage areas should be accessible from the street via key pad/digital lock or electronic fobs. Property managers should be advised that codes will be shared with council collection crews. 5. Bulky waste storage The council provides up to four free bulky waste collections of up to five items per collection to each household. Residents must book collections in advance. All multi-storey residential blocks of about 25 units or more must have a separate covered space to store bulky waste before it is collected. Storage must be at ground level at convenient points throughout the development. The number of stores needed depends on the number of blocks, size of homes and number of units. You must agree the number of stores needed in your discussions with the Waste Strategy team. Stores should be one storey high with a floor area of about 7.5m 2 and double doors with a clear opening of 1830mm and a height of 1830mm. Vehicle access must be provided directly to the storage compartment. See Section 11 for details. Stores must have internal lights. 9

10 10 6. Alternative storage arrangements 6.1 Internal waste collection services If building managers are proposing to provide an internal waste collection service for residents rather than asking residents to bring their own waste to a ground floor store a waste storage area is required on each floor. 50% of the space should be used for storing recycling. Any internal storage areas adjacent to a fire escape route must be fitted with fire doors, automatic fire detection and a sprinkler system and comply with the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order Basement storage Waste and recycling will not be collected from basements. If it is proposed to locate storage areas in a basement, a suitable ground floor collection area must be indicated. A written statement from the managing agent must describe the proposed method for transporting the containers to ground level for collection, including parking arrangements for any vehicles. 6.3 Lifts for moving waste containers If waste containers are to be transported to ground level by a lift, it must be large enough to accommodate a person as well as at least one waste container. In large schemes it will need to be big enough for more than one container. The lift doors and adjacent corridors must be big enough for waste containers to be moved around easily. 6.4 Chute systems Contact us for advice if you are considering using chutes. Any proposal will have to accommodate recycling via multiple or split chutes. Arrangements for the management and monitoring of deposit areas (e.g. changing of bins as these are filled) must also be included with any proposals. 6.5 Skips Larger waste storage systems such as skips require access for large vehicles, which may not always be acceptable in environmentally sensitive locations such as conservation areas or near listed buildings. Design constraints mean that provision of access for such vehicles is likely to be possible only in new developments with off-street servicing. In all instances, consideration must be given to the sensitivity of location, requirements for vehicular cross-overs and headroom and turning space constraints. See Section 10 for details.. A metal floor plate is recommended to protect the floor surface from damage and a heavyduty stop barrier is required at the rear of the skip s location. 7. Public facilities Developments with public spaces may need litter bins to control waste. Any bins installed must have at least two compartments to allow separate collections of recyclable and non recyclable materials. Responsibility for servicing and maintaining bins must be agreed with the council before they are installed.

11 8. Composting Composting diverts garden and food waste from collection services and creates compost for the benefit of local residents. Developments with gardens should consider providing composting facilities. Hackney Council helps developments to manage their own food recycling through community composting schemes. The minimum space needed is about 6.5 metres by 2 metres. Contact the council s recycling team to find out more. recycling@hackney.gov.uk 9. Clinical waste Clinical waste includes anything containing bodily fluids or tissue (such as bandages, plasters, incontinence pads), discarded drugs, needles or body parts. Clinical waste must be stored separately from all other waste. Normally clinical waste is sealed inside yellow, coded bags. Sharps (such as needles) are stored in special boxes. Any development containing any sort of medical centre, dental surgery, veterinary surgery, old people s home, nursing home, or home or day centre for disabled people must have separate storage and collection arrangements for clinical and non-clinical waste. Hackney Council collects household clinical waste for a charge. hygieneservicessupport@hackney.gov.uk Vehicle access 10.1 Design of access road and residential streets Manual for Streets (DfT) (2007) provides guidance and specifications on the design and construction of new residential streets and access roads and as such should be referred to during the design stage of new developments Loading Access roads, manhole covers and gratings must be constructed to withstand a gross vehicle weight of 26 tonnes and axle loading of 11.5 tonnes. There should be dropped kerbs at all collection points Access roads Access roads should be a minimum of five metres wide, although smaller widths are acceptable where on-street parking is discouraged. Swept-path analysis should be used to assess layouts. Adequate headroom beneath trees, overhanging buildings or overhead lines must be provided Reversing Collection vehicles should not be required to reverse more than 12 metres. Longer distances will require the prior written agreement from the council. In such circumstances a raised footpath must be provided if pedestrians also use the route. 11

12 10.5 Turning areas Due consideration must be given to the provision of turning areas for collection vehicles within a development by means of hammerheads etc. Generous allowances of at least one metre should be included when considering the width of access roads and gateways. Additional allowances will be needed if vehicles are required to approach from an angle Parking obstructions Appropriate measures must be incorporated into any scheme to control unauthorised parking of vehicles that would prevent access by the collection vehicle and employees Collection vehicle dimensions: waste / recycling collection vehicle Three axle tonnes gross vehicle weight Dimensions (metres) Width (W1) 2.65 Overall length 11 Height, incl. high level exhaust (H1) 3.6 Swept Circle (diameter) 23 Any part of a building through which a waste collection vehicle passes must have a minimum clear height of 4.5 metres to allow for overhead fixtures and fittings Collection vehicle dimensions: skip vehicle Two axle tonnes gross vehicle weight Dimensions (metres) Width Overall length vehicle Working length vehicle and skip Height travelling (with skip) working Kerb turning circle Swept circle Axle weights front rear 2.6 metres 7.1 metres 11.0 metres 3.7 metres 4.45 (min height required 4.9) metres 14.4 metres diameter 17.0 metres diameter 7.0 tonnes 11.0 tonnes 12

13 Any part of a building through which a skip vehicle passes must have a minimum clear height of 4.5 metres, to allow for overhead fixtures and fittings. This must increase to 4.9 metres in the service area containing the skip. The proposed service bay should be excluded from having ceiling mounted services such as ductwork, sprinklers and pipes Minimum dimensions for turning areas (waste collection vehicle) 13

14 11. Specifications for waste and recycling containers The Environmental Protection Act 1990 imposes a duty of care on any person who produces, imports, carries, keeps, treats or disposes of controlled waste. Breach of the duty of care is an offence with a penalty of an unlimited fine. Waste containers left for collection outside premises, whether on the public highway or private land, need to be secured or sealed. They should be strong and secure enough to resist wind, rain and animal disturbance, especially if they contain food waste Dustbins Size These should conform to British Standard BS 4998:1985, be of a nominal capacity of 90 litres, made of plastic and have handles. Height (mm) Maximum external diameter (mm) 700mm 640mm (including handles) Uses Residential properties: Houses and flats in low rise developments of six or fewer units. Collections will take place from the ground floor only. Commercial use: Dustbins can be used at businesses that generate small amounts of waste Installation requirements Dustbins should stand on a hard, impervious surface in external chambers at ground level. If sited at the front of the property they should be appropriately screened from the public footpath or enclosed in a well-ventilated cupboard. The height of any compartment must allow for the lid of the bin to be opened or removed without needing to remove the bin. Any access door must be without locks. It must be possible to remove the bins horizontally Wheeled bins Size These are plastic bins with two wheels and should conform to British Standard BS EN 840: Capacity 140L 240L Width 500mm 585mm Length 560mm 740mm Height 1075mm 1100mm 14

15 Uses Residential properties: The council does not collect domestic refuse from wheeled bins apart from in two areas within Stamford Hill and Shoreditch. Commercial use: This type of container is the most common employed by trade and commercial premises producing medium quantities of refuse each week Food waste containers These are plastic containers with lids and handles. The current supplier is Straight: 7L Indoor (Kitchen) 23L Outdoor Size Capacity (litres) 7L 23L Width (mm) 252mm 320mm Length (mm) 229mm 400mm Height (mm) 234mm 405mm Uses Almost all homes are given a seven litre caddy to store food waste in the kitchen. Street level properties are given a 23 litre container to present their food waste for collection outside their home Communal food waste bin housing units 15

16 Size Metal bin housing units that accommodate a 240 litres or 140 litres capacity plastic wheeled bin. The current preferred bin housing unit is produced by Mattussi Ecologia: Capacity 240L 140L Width 720mm 620mm Depth 850mm 675mm Height 1298mm 1298mm Uses All developments with more than six residential units. The council currently empties communal food waste bins once a week Eurobins These are four wheeled metal bins which should conform to British Standard BS EN 840: They have a fixed lid, which can be supplied with a lock if required, and are suitable for residential and mixed developments and also offices of up to 2,500m2 in size Size The council s preferred supplier is Taylors: Capacity (litres) Width (mm) Depth (mm) Height (mm) Uses Residential properties: Developments of more than six units should have communal Eurobins and are normally stored in an external housing or chamber at ground floor level. In high-rise developments Eurobins are normally housed in chambers within the building and fed via chutes, with hoppers at each floor level. Commercial use: This type of container is the most common employed by trade and commercial premises producing large quantities of refuse each week Installation requirements Chutes, hoppers and chambers should conform to applicable building regulations and the appropriate British Standard. Where it is necessary for more than one container to serve a chute, termination should be by bifurcated baffle plate or by swivel chute end. Where Eurobins are installed inside chambers an additional one metre is required above the bin to allow space for the lid to be opened. 16

17 11.6 Non-compression skips Sizes Skips are available in two sizes: 10.5m3 skip Roll on roll off 27 m3 skip Container Service bay* Container Service bay* Width 1.8m 4.5m 2.5m 5.0m Length 3.7m 5.8m 6.2m 8.2m Height 2.34m 4.9m 2.8m 6.0m Minimum width of entrance to service bay is 4m Uses In developments where the service bay opens directly on to the street, the distance from the entrance to the rear of the service bay should be a minimum of: i) 12.0m for a 10.5m3 skip ii) 19.0m for a 27m3 skip This is to prevent the vehicle encroaching on to the footway when loading or unloading the skip. Residential properties: Where the number of flats to a chute would require a number of Eurobins or paladin containers a non-compression skip may be more appropriate. The skip would be loaded via a chute feeding into the top. All chutes must have the appropriate cut-off plate. Commercial use: This type of skip is also employed at trade or business premises producing large quantities of refuse. It is usually sited in the open and loaded via apertures in the side of the skip Installation requirements Stores: Any chamber to contain the skip must have internal dimensions of 5.6 metres, front to back, by 3.8 metres wide, by 3.2 metres high. An appropriate heavy-duty stop barrier is required at the rear of the allocated location for a skip. Access: The vehicle servicing the skip must be able to reverse into the chamber. The area immediately outside the chamber (or, if outdoors, providing access to the skip) must be level for at least 10 metres, with clear headroom of 5.3 metres Compactors Compactors reduce the amount of space required for waste storage. The council only permits compaction of household waste at a 2:1 ratio. Compaction of recyclable materials is not allowed. The council does not accept any responsibility for maintenance or damage to compactors. 17

18 Residential: Compactors for residential developments only tend to be effective if these sites have a managed waste system operated by a facilities management organisation Offices: Compactors are recommended for all office developments larger than 2,500m 2. For offices over 10,000m 2 a rotary compactor is recommended. For those in excess of 15,000m 2 a portable skip compactor is recommended Light industrial: Retail: For units of 1,500m 2 or more, or units where the gross floor space exceeds 1,500m 2 a small sack compactor is recommended. For units of 1,500m 2 or more a small sack compactor is appropriate. This may also be used for small units where the gross combined floor space exceeds 1,500m 2. For major retail developments of over 5,000m 2 a rotary compactor is recommended. Those over 10,000m 2 should be provided with a portable skip compactor or a larger static compactor Restaurants and fast-food outlets: Compactors are recommended for fast food outlets and other restaurants. A small sack compactor or a wheeled bin compactor is suitable for most applications, although the rotary compactor is preferable for restaurants with potentially high output Hotels: For hotels of up to 250 bedrooms the most appropriate type of compactor is a small bag or wheeled bin compactor. For larger hotels a rotary compactor, portable skip compactor or a static compactor is recommended, particularly for those with banqueting facilities. 18

19 12 Useful information and reference documents BREEAM (Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) a) An Environmental Assessment For New Offices b) An Environmental Assessment For New Homes c) Household waste: storage provision and recycling British Standards Institution Codes and Standards BS 1703:2005 Specification for Chutes and Hoppers BS 4998:1985 Moulded Plastic Dustbins BS 5906:2005 Waste Management in Buildings. Code of Practice BS :2000 Stairs, ladders and walkways BS EN 840:2004 Mobile waste containers BS EN 13592:2003 Plastic Sacks for Household Waste Collection BS 8300:2009 Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people. Code of Practice Building Regulations 2000 (as amended by SI 2001/3335), requirement H6, Solid waste storage. Building Regulations 2000, requirement K1, Stairs, ladders and ramps. Chartered Institution of Wastes Management. Publication No.3 Advice on Storage and On-Site Treatment of Household, Commercial and Industrial Wastes Department of Transport Design Bulletin 32, Residential Roads and Footpaths Designing for Deliveries, Freight Transport Association Environmental Protection Act 1990 Household Waste Recycling Act 2005 Making Space for Waste: Designing Waste Management in New Developments, ADEPT Rethinking Rubbish in London The Mayor s Draft Municipal Waste Management Strategy Oct 2010 Unitary Development Plan adopted January 2007 Waste Strategy for England

20 20 Produced by Hackney Design, Communications & Print August 2014 PJ56575