Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization. Chen Ma Group Meeting August, 28, 2015

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1 Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization Chen Ma Group Meeting August, 28, 2015

2 Outlines 1 Review of Post-Disaster Technologies 2 (Open Problem 1) Multiple Traveling Repairmen Problem with Reprovisioning 3 (Open Problem 2) Virtual Network Degradation Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 2

Reprovisioning 3 (Open Problem 2) Virtual Network

3 References 1. N. M. Mosharaf Kabir Chowdhurry, and Raouf Boutaba, Network Virtualization: State of the Art and Research Challenges, Communication Magazine, Kenichi Mase, How to Deliver Your Message from/to a Disaster Area, Communication Magazine, S. S. Savas, et al., Network Adaptability to Disaster Disruptions by Exploiting Degraded-Service Tolerance, Communication Magazine, N. H. Bao, et al., Global Versus Essential Post-Disaster Re-Provisioning in Telecom Mesh Networks, JOCN, A. Basta, I. B. Barla, M. Hoffmann, G. Carles, and D. A. Schupke, Failure Coverage in Optimal Virtual Networks, OFC, C. C. Meixner, et al. Cloud-Network Disaster Recovery Against Cascading Failures, Globecom Kenichi Mase, How to Deliver Your Message from/to a Disaster Area, Communication Magazine, Mahsa Pourvali, Kaile Liang, Feng Gu, Hao Bai, Khaled Shaban, Samee Khan, Nasir Ghani, Progressive Recovery For Network Virtualization After Large-Scale Disasters, ICNC 2016 (reviewed) Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 3

Kenichi Mase, How to Deliver Your Message from/to a Disaster Area, Communication Magazine, 2011. 5. S. S. Savas, et al.

4 Background In recently years, the concept of network virtualization has attracted significant attention in both industry and academia [1]. Network virtualization is defined by decoupling the roles of the traditional Internet service providers (ISPs) into two independent entities: infrastructure providers (InPs), who manage the physical infrastructure, and service providers (SPs), who create virtual networks (VNs) by aggregating resources from multiple InPs and offer end-to-end services [1]. In the USA, Crown Castle and American Tower Corporation are the largest infrastructure providers for telecommunication. AT&T sold 9,700 wireless towers to Crown Castle in 2013, which means AT&T focus on providing service to end users [2]. In China, China Tower Corporation was established in And China Mobile, China Union, China Telecom separate their towers and basic infrastructures to China Tower [3]. Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 4

infrastructure, and service providers (SPs), who create virtual networks (VNs) by aggregating resources from multiple InPs and offer end-to-end services [1].

5 Business Model Infrastructure provider (InP): InPs deploy and actually manage the underlying physical network resources. They offer their resources through programmable interfaces to different SPs. Service provider (SP): SPs lease resources from multiple InPs to create and deploy VNs by programming allocated network resources to offer end-to-end services to end users. An SP can also provide network services to other SPs. End user: End users in the network virtualization are similar to those of the existing Internet. Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 5

Service provider (SP): SPs lease resources from multiple InPs to create and deploy VNs by programming allocated network resources to offer

6 Survivability of Network Virtualization Virtual Node Virtual Link Virtual Network Capacity of computing, storing, transportation, et.al. It may be out of work after the disaster. Transportation capacity. It may be disconnected after the disaster. It is composed of virtual links and nodes. And it may be disconnected after the disaster. End to end connection Affect to a connection path. Node cannot be replaced Virtual networks 1. Affect to virtual links/nodes. 2. Affect to virtual networks. Virtual node can be replaced. Such as virtual node migration. Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 6

And it may be disconnected after the disaster. End to end connection Affect to a connection path. Node cannot be replaced Virtual networks 1.

7 Post-Disaster Technologies Protection [7] Reprovisioning [5,6,8] Emergence Communication [9] Repair [10] ms, preconfigured before disaster Temporary Traffic Engenerring minutes~hours, after disaster Temporary Traffic Engineering hours~days, after disaster Temporary Network Engineering Change the physical topology. hours~weeks, after disaster Permanent Network Engineering Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 7

Engineering hours~days, after disaster Temporary Network Engineering Change the physical topology.

8 Outlines 1 Review of Post-Disaster Technologies 2 (Open Problem 1) Multiple Traveling Repairmen Problem with Reprovisioning 3 (Open Problem 2) Virtual Network Degradation Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 8

9 Problem Statement Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 9

10 Recovery without Reprovisioning Number of FVL r 1 r 2 r b 1 b 2 f 14 f 7 f 2 f 1 f 10 b 3 f 11 f 8 f 5 f 4 f 15 D FVL =5.76*8+7.29*6 f 2 -i 2 k 3 -l 3 t 3 t 4 t 7 t 10 t (h) Repair Time f f 9 f 12 f 13 n 4 -k 4 f 4 -n 4 i 2 -k 2 t 12 t 13 t 14 f 3 q 3 -o 3 h 1 -m 1 h 4 -n *4+1.63*2 = Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 10

29*6 f 2 -i 2 k 3 -l 3 t 3 t 4 t 7 t 10 t 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17(h) Repair Time f 6 6.

11 Recovery with Reprovisioning Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 11

12 Recovery with Reprovisioning Number of FVL r 1 r 2 r b 1 b 2 b 3 f 14 f 7 f 2 f 11 h 1 -m 1 k 2 -m 2 m 2 -q 2 k 3 -m 3 m 3 -q 3 f 1 f 10 f 8 f 5 f 4 t 3 t 4 t 7 t 10 t (h) Repair Time f f 9 f 12 f 13 n 4 -k 4 f 4 -n 4 h 4 -n 4 t 12 t 13 t 14 f 15 f 3 D FVL =4.32*8+8.73*3 =60.75 Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 12

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17(h) Repair Time f 6 6.

13 Two Problems of MTRPR How to find a repair schedule? How to figure out the damage of a schedule? Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 13

14 How to figure out the damage of a schedule. Given: A repair schedule. Output: Damage caused by the FVL and DVN in the schedule. Recovery with Reprovisioning Begin Recovery without Reprovisioning Begin All FPLs are repaired? End Yes No Reprovisioning Repair All FPLs are repaired? End Yes No Repair Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 14

Recovery with Reprovisioning Begin Recovery without Reprovisioning Begin All FPLs are

15 How to find a repair schedule. Genetic Algorithm Repair Schedule Multiple Chromosomes Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 15

16 Genetic Operators Internal-route operator External-route operator Internal-route inversion Internal-route transposition External-route transposition Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 16

Internal-route transposition External-route

17 Process of GA Operate to a new new with C new Begin If new is accepted Yes new Initialize set of schedule S=null No If continuous K new are not accepted No Initialize schedule with damage C Yes Find the with minimum damage C in S End Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 17

accepted No Initialize schedule with damage C Yes Find the with minimum

18 Outlines 1 Review of Post-Disaster Technologies 2 (Open Problem 1) Multiple Traveling Repairmen Problem with Reprovisioning 3 (Open Problem 2) Virtual Network Degradation Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 18

19 Virtual Network Degradation (VND) After a disaster occurs, which virtual network should be degraded? what we can do to degrade the virtual networks? which is different with the degradation in end to end connection? May be the answer: In the schedule, network operators can select minimum the number of degraded virtual networks as the objective. (1) Degrade the capacity of virtual links. (2) Delete several virtual links of a degraded virtual network. Network operators should consider the connectivity of virtual networks. Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 19

May be the answer: In the schedule, network operators can select minimum the number of degraded virtual networks as the objective.

20 Thanks! Biswanath Mukherjee Charles U Martel Massimo Tornatore Everyone! 谢谢! Post-Disaster Technologies in Network Virtualization, Chen Ma Page 20

INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION

1 INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK VIRTUALIZATION Wednesday, May 14, 2008 Mosharaf Chowdhury Member, envy Project What is Virtualization? 2 Transparent abstraction of computing platform and resources Multiple logical