H-QoS & µ-shaping Bandwidth Performance Optimization
|
|
- Milton Pearson
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 White paper H-QoS & µ-shaping H-QoS & µ-shaping Bandwidth Performance Optimization With the rise of cloud computing, mobile small cell deployments and prioritized content delivery networks for web applications comes increased interconnect of performancesensitive services over large-scale service provider networks. Data center connectivity is one example, where application, database, storage and desktop hosting make low-latency, high-throughput connections between enterprises and the data center a must. Mobile backhaul is another, with increased end-points moving closer to customers with small cell deployments, Alternate Access Vendors (AAVs) providing last-mile connectivity to mobile operators are increasingly using a wide range of broadband technology where bandwidth is more constrained, and performance is not as easily assured without bandwidth optimization methods employed. Providers offering off-net services have long understood the value of traffic conditioning, shaping and flow prioritization as they strive to deliver the best possible quality of service (QoS) to end-customers over wholesale infrastructure. In these applications the goal is to make best use of finite bandwidth, optimizing latency and availability to meet service level agreements (SLAs) that often include multiple service tiers. With Hierarchical QoS (H-QoS) and high-performance traffic shaping assuring off-net services, these same operators are now deploying this technology on-net as a service differentiator. First-movers in this area have grown significant market share in the business services market by shaping customer traffic into their pipes. H-QoS optimizes the interface between their access links and the customer network to considerably outperform competitive offerings. Likewise, enterprises who take shaping into their own hands can achieve the same benefits without relying on the operator to understand their own application and performance priorities, allowing them to use any provider for connectivity with optimal results that reflect their IT and business objectives. May 2014
2 H-QoS Traffic Conditioning Hierarchical bandwidth policing (or regulation), combined with advanced µ-shaping techniques, establish and enforce per-flow QoS at the service edge. Typically employed in the uplink direction on last-mile connections, this same approach can be applied bi-directionally at network-to-network interfaces (NNI) - anywhere a change in link bandwidth is experienced and traffic needs to be right-sized into a more constricted service. Simple Bandwidth Policing: Crushing the Edge Crushing the Edge: Policing Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) Carrier Ethernet services must conform to a bandwidth profile with a Committed Information Rate (CIR, guaranteed bandwidth), and in some cases an Excess Information Rate (EIR, best effort bandwidth). These bandwidth envelopes are normally policed at the service edge using regulators: any traffic exceeding these predetermined thresholds is dropped, resulting in random packet discard that has no preference to low or high priority traffic. This crush the edge technique is effective in preventing bursts of client traffic from entering the providers network, and is easy to implement. However, this technique has serious repercussions on the client traffic, especially if customer traffic is not being prioritized into the provisioned bandwidth profile. Any mismatch between this mapping process results in excessive packet loss, accompanied by increased retransmission, latency and most importantly, inability to fill the pipe. Utilization can be constricted to 20% of usable bandwidth in many cases, and we ll explore why.
3 Hierarchical Bandwidth Optimization Hierarchical QoS, as specified in the MEF 10.3 standard, is a traffic conditioning method which respects a prioritized flow s right of way, while allowing lower-priority flows to effectively use leftover bandwidth from higher-priority flows to increase overall multi-service performance. Hierarchical Bandwidth Policing (H-BWP) is the evolution of crushing the edge ; ensuring highest priority packets transmission is assured by tiered scheduling. As a policing mechanism, this process is conducted at wire-speed without store-and-forward queuing delays. Ultra-fast µ-shaping can be applied along with H-BWP to maximize link utilization and greatly reduce packet discard without adding delay to latency-sensitive flows. By queuing and scheduling lower-priority flows into unused bandwidth with packet-bypacket granularity, service flows can approach 100% utilization of available capacity, smoothing out bursty traffic and ensuring faster end-to-end packet delivery. This cost-effective, single-ended optimization method is the most efficient approach to bandwidth performance optimization - no complex configuration is required, and flow prioritization can be easily tuned to a particular client s service mix. µ-shaping in Action The results of H-QoS and µ-shaping are dramatic. The mismatch customers often experience between provisioned bandwidth and speed test results can be eliminated with properly implemented H-QoS and µ-shaping at the service edge. Tests with and without µ-shaping on Internet connections of 15 and 30 Mbps show a startling difference. µ-shaped up-link traffic reaches full link capacity, while unconditioned traffic uses only a fraction of the available bandwidth. As we will see, the main reason for this is the nature of TCP transmission, and its relation to traffic bursts and resulting packet loss.
4 One variable that operators can adjust on their provider equipment (PE) is the Committed Burst Size (CBS) - the amount of instantaneous traffic beyond the CIR that the network element accepts before discarding packets over sub-millisecond scheduling windows. Typically CBS is set at the lowest value possible (the default for most network elements), protecting the provider network from traffic bursts. Tuning this parameter upward can increase throughput significantly, but is undesirable for two reasons: (1) allowing bursts into the provider network impacts overall aggregation and core network performance, affecting other customers traffic over shared infrastructure, and (2), this technique pushes packet loss deeper into the network, where retransmission is more expensive, resulting in longer delays and wasted provider-network bandwidth. The more network elements there are along a service transmission path, the less effective increasing CBS will be, as the lowest CBS value of any element the traffic encounters will be the limiting end-to-end determinant of whether the burst survives. Allowing traffic with CBS of 512 Kbps is ineffective if the next network element allows 64 kbps. Note that results shown in these graphs are those reported by Speedtest.net. Test accuracy is somewhat limited, which is why, in some cases, the reported bandwidth, actually exceeds the CIR of the Internet connection. Despite these limitations, this test is often what customers run to verify their service performance, and the test is a repeatable, relative performance gauge that reflects the true state of the network and service configuration.
5 Quantifying the Benefits of µ-shaping In controlled tests with precise and accurate instruments, µ-shaping s effect on bandwidth performance optimization is even more dramatic. An improvement of up to 800% can be gained when applied to TCP traffic flows - accounting for over 98% of Internet traffic since TCP traffic will further increase over UDP in the coming years, as the most bandwidth-consuming over the top (OTT) media applications turn to TCP to avoid detection by firewalls and traffic policy enforcement devices. As an example, Skype, YouTube, Apple TV, Hulu, , peer-topeer file transfer and web browsing all transmit using the TCP protocol. UDP is predominantly used for VoIP and IPTV transmission over provider networks, where prioritization is controlled to ensure lowest possible packet loss with the benefit of the lower average latency UDP provides. Source: DongJin Lee, Brian E. Carpenter, Nevil Brownlee, 2011
6 Why the Disconnect? When a provider turns-up a service, standards-based Service Activation Testing (SAT) using the RFC-2544 or ITU Y.1564 standards is normally employed to validate configuration and performance of the service, and to provide a QoS baseline to the customer as proof of compliance with any agreed upon SLA. How is it that immediately thereafter, a client can experience such a significantly lower throughput than what was demonstrated at turn-up? How is it that immediately thereafter, a client can experience such a significantly lower throughput than what was demonstrated at turn-up? The answer lies in the nature of testing vs. actual customer traffic. The goal of turn-up testing is to validate that CIR, EIR, packet loss, delay variation and latency comply with performance objectives. The service is filled with UDP traffic, as UDP can be launched reliably at full line rate without TCP retransmission requests slowing down flows resulting from packet loss that may occur during the test. UDP doesn t care if packets are discarded, so tests can be conducted reliably and with high repeatability. But customer traffic is predominantly transmitted using TCP. The way clients negotiate their willingness to transmit and receive TCP packets is determined by the degree of packet loss in a particular session. The TCP protocol requires that every frame is accounted for, with a receipt acknowledgement required to confirm transmission success. However, if the sender waited for each individual packet to be acknowledged before the next packet was sent, throughput would be greatly impacted, especially over large area connections. TCP Windowing TCP handles this problem with transmission windows - a collection of frames sent together with the expectation that they will all arrive without loss. The size of TCP transmission windows sent adapts to the success of previous windows. If a packet is lost in a window, all packets after the lost packet are retransmitted, and the window size is reduced by roughly half. When windows are successfully received, the window length slowly increases at first, then more rapidly with continued error-free transmission. If packets are regularly lost, the window length will never increase to the size required to achieve full link utilization. The mismatch between port (media) speed and the CIR of a link ensure that this issue is ubiquitous. If a CPE connects to an access link at 1 Gbps, but the CIR of the link is limited to 200 Mbps, bursts of traffic beyond the policed 200 Mbps will result in packet loss, TCP window reduction, and greatly impacted throughput. Standard traffic shaping is unable to effectively smooth out these bursts, as many occur at a
7 millisecond time-scale (micro-bursts), and the granularity of most shapers is not sufficient to process traffic at this speed. µ-shaping - optimizing bandwidth on a perpacket basis - is able to effectively groom micro-bursts into the CIR in a lossless manner. Bandwidth Performance, Optimized Accedian s H-QoS and µ-shaping technology is recognized as the best available by leading Tier-1 operators. Implemented in a variety of Accedian network performance elements, four main technologies are combined to achieve this unrivalled performance: priority packet bypass, the BLUE queue management algorithm, H-QoS implementation, and faster-than-packet processing granularity. Priority Bypass With instant traffic classification, priority flows bypass shaper queues and are immediately transmitted. The effect is that the most latency sensitive flows are handled as though no shaping was implemented. Most network elements performing shaping require all traffic to be buffered long enough to be inspected, which adds a commonly latency to all flows, regardless of priority (store-and-forward technique). The BLUE Algorithm Developed by IBM in 1999, the BLUE queue management algorithm greatly reduces queue length and resulting latency when compared to standard Random Early Detection (RED) methods used by the majority network element shapers. By using statistical metrics to throttle upstream flows in a way that maximizes window length and reduces packet loss before traffic arrives at the flow classifier ( Packet Processing Granularity The Accedian flow performance assurance (FPA) processor operates at a 1 ppm (part per million) packet processing rate. On a GbE full-line rate flow, this means that the processor is running 5x faster than the rate at which packets are received. This allows each packet to be handled individually, resulting in the most granular smoothing available, operating at the µs level.
8 This processing speed is 1,000x faster than millisecond-length micro-bursts, allowing lower-priority packets to be precisely interleaved into flows where instantaneous capacity is not fully used by higher-priority streams. The result is best-possible bandwidth capacity utilization (fill) without the packet discard associated with more lumpy, coarse shaping techniques. In addition to packet-handling granularity, Accedian elements offer granular traffic classification into as many as 18 queues per-port. This ensures that even the most complex multi-service client traffic can be precisely optimized. H-QoS Implementation When the MEF 10.3 specification for hierarchical QoS processing is implemented, a service bandwidth envelop is shared between all flow priorities. CIR is consumed hierarchically - any higher-priority flows unused CIR is passed to the next lower priority flow, and so on, until all flows have maximized the use of the total service CIR. Any remaining CIR in the envelop is added to the available EIR, and the same process is repeated. Compare this to the standard method of regulating each flow in isolation to ensure a CIR is not exceeded: for example, policing two flows to 20 Mbps to ensure a CIR of 40 Mbps is respected results in unused bandwidth that could have been shared. Bandwidth Performance Optimization: The Impact Compared to WAN-optimization techniques that require expensive appliances at each service end-point, or are subject to performance variation if virtualized, purpose built, affordable, programmable elements can optimize bandwidth performance without variation or setup complexity. Properly implemented H-QoS and µ-shaping can significantly improve bandwidth performance in a wide variety of applications over regional, national and international networks. Bandwidth performance optimization has the most impact where bandwidth is expensive, or capacity cannot be easily increased, and where uplink performance is critical to application responsiveness or overall QoS. Services affected by
9 retransmission delays, with bursty traffic, or where there is a mix of traffic priorities competing for limited bandwidth fall into this category. Examples include off-net service optimization, mobile backhaul where control plane traffic and inter-cell synchronization must be maintained under heavy traffic loads, financial networks where algorithmic trading often results in micro-bursts, and data center connectivity where greatly varying TCP traffic utilization over limited bandwidth connections affects latency and usability when compared to on-site servers. Bandwidth performance optimization benefits the provider as well as the client, with smoother traffic entering the operator s network, and full purchased-capacity delivered to the customer. When implemented properly, it s a win-win situation with clear results everyone can easily see in the resulting service performance Accedian Networks Inc. All rights reserved. Accedian Networks, the Accedian Networks logo, SkyLIGHT, Plug & Go, AntMODULE, Vision EMS, Vision Suite, VisionMETRIX, V-NID, R-FLO, Network State+, Traffic-Meter & FlowMETER are trademarks or registered trademarks of Accedian Networks Inc. All other company and product names may be trademarks of their respective companies. Accedian Networks may, from time to time, make changes to the products or specifications contained herein without notice. Some certifications may be pending final approval, please contact Accedian Networks for current certifications.
Performance Assurance, Network Applications
Solution Brief Network Applications Performance Assurance, Network Applications Solutions for Wireless Operators, Service Providers & Large Enterprises A short introduction to Accedian solutions and how
More informationUsing & Offering Wholesale Ethernet Network and Operational Considerations
White Paper Using and Offering Wholesale Ethernet Using & Offering Wholesale Ethernet Network and Operational Considerations Introduction Business services customers are continuing to migrate to Carrier
More informationvcpe Options for Delivering Business Services over DOCSIS (BSoD)
White Paper This approach is undergoing standardization at SCTE in 2016, as part of their operational best practices initiative. Cable MSO Strategy: vcpe Options for Delivering Business Services over DOCSIS
More informationImproving Quality of Service
Improving Quality of Service Using Dell PowerConnect 6024/6024F Switches Quality of service (QoS) mechanisms classify and prioritize network traffic to improve throughput. This article explains the basic
More informationRAN Sharing Solutions
White paper RAN Sharing Solutions Network Performance Monitoring Introduction 5 3 6 Radio Access Network (RAN) sharing is an increasingly popular method used by carriers to cost-effectively increase their
More informationMetro Fibre Carrier for Wholesale and Enterprise MEF Carrier Ethernet 2.0 Certified enterprise & data center connectivity solutions
Fibrenoire Type of Company: Specialty: Accedian Solutions: Metro Fibre Carrier for Wholesale and Enterprise MEF Carrier Ethernet 2.0 Certified enterprise & data center connectivity solutions Network Performance
More informationAPPLICATION NOTE 209 QUALITY OF SERVICE: KEY CONCEPTS AND TESTING NEEDS. Quality of Service Drivers. Why Test Quality of Service?
QUALITY OF SERVICE: KEY CONCEPTS AND TESTING NEEDS By Thierno Diallo, Product Specialist With the increasing demand for advanced voice and video services, the traditional best-effort delivery model is
More informationPer-Flow Queuing Allot's Approach to Bandwidth Management
White Paper Per-Flow Queuing Allot's Approach to Bandwidth Management Allot Communications, July 2006. All Rights Reserved. Table of Contents Executive Overview... 3 Understanding TCP/IP... 4 What is Bandwidth
More information1. The subnet must prevent additional packets from entering the congested region until those already present can be processed.
Congestion Control When one part of the subnet (e.g. one or more routers in an area) becomes overloaded, congestion results. Because routers are receiving packets faster than they can forward them, one
More informationNetwork Performance Assurance Controller
Summary Datasheet Network Performance Assurance Controller Solution Benefits Centralized control over performance assurance virtual network functions (VNFs) supporting hundreds of remote Performance Modules
More informationInternet Quality of Service
Internet Quality of Service Weibin Zhao zwb@cs.columbia.edu 1 Outline 1. Background 2. Basic concepts 3. Supporting mechanisms 4. Frameworks 5. Policy & resource management 6. Conclusion 2 Background:
More informationVoice Over IP Performance Assurance
Voice Over IP Performance Assurance Transforming the WAN into a voice-friendly using Exinda WAN OP 2.0 Integrated Performance Assurance Platform Document version 2.0 Voice over IP Performance Assurance
More informationUsing TrueSpeed VNF to Test TCP Throughput in a Call Center Environment
Using TrueSpeed VNF to Test TCP Throughput in a Call Center Environment TrueSpeed VNF provides network operators and enterprise users with repeatable, standards-based testing to resolve complaints about
More informationHow to Keep Video From Blowing Up Your Network
How to Keep Video From Blowing Up Your Network Terry Slattery Chesapeake Netcraftsmen Principal Consultant CCIE #1026 1 Agenda Types of Video The Impact of Video Identifying Video Handling Video Video
More informationDriving Service Delivery with SLA Performance Management
Driving Service Delivery with SLA Performance Management Providers #1 competitive advantage Service providers more and more depend on Ethernet services as the networks are evolving from traditional voice
More informationCisco Integrated Services Routers Performance Overview
Integrated Services Routers Performance Overview What You Will Learn The Integrated Services Routers Generation 2 (ISR G2) provide a robust platform for delivering WAN services, unified communications,
More informationFrame Metering in 802.1Q Version 01
Frame Metering in 802.1Q Version 01 Stephen Haddock January 15, 2013 1 Overview Frame metering introduced in 802.1ad-2005 in conjunction with the DEI bit of the S-VLAN tag. The DEI bit was introduced to
More informationBurst Testing. New mobility standards and cloud-computing network. This application note will describe how TCP creates bursty
Burst Testing Emerging high-speed protocols in mobility and access networks, combined with qualityof-service demands from business customers for services such as cloud computing, place increased performance
More informationThe FX Series Traffic Shaping Optimizes Satellite Links
Contact us for more information U.S. & Canada: +1.800.763.3423 Outside U.S. & Canada: +1.937.291.5035 The FX Series Traffic Shaping Optimizes Satellite Links February 2011 2011 Comtech EF Data Corporation
More informationCustomer White paper. SmartTester. Delivering SLA Activation and Performance Testing. November 2012 Author Luc-Yves Pagal-Vinette
SmartTester Delivering SLA Activation and Performance Testing November 2012 Author Luc-Yves Pagal-Vinette Customer White paper Table of Contents Executive Summary I- RFC-2544 is applicable for WAN and
More informationQuality of Service (QoS) on Netgear switches
Quality of Service (QoS) on Netgear switches Section 1 Principles and Practice of QoS on IP networks Introduction to QoS Why? In a typical modern IT environment, a wide variety of devices are connected
More informationIs Your Network Ready for VoIP? > White Paper
> White Paper Tough Questions, Honest Answers For many years, voice over IP (VoIP) has held the promise of enabling the next generation of voice communications within the enterprise. Unfortunately, its
More informationLecture 16: Quality of Service. CSE 123: Computer Networks Stefan Savage
Lecture 16: Quality of Service CSE 123: Computer Networks Stefan Savage Final Next week (trust Blink wrt time/location) Will cover entire class Style similar to midterm I ll post a sample (i.e. old) final
More informationHigh-Performance Automated Trading Network Architectures
High-Performance Automated Trading Network Architectures Performance Without Loss Performance When It Counts Introduction Firms in the automated trading business recognize that having a low-latency infrastructure
More informationQuality of Service (QoS)) in IP networks
Quality of Service (QoS)) in IP networks Petr Grygárek rek 1 Quality of Service (QoS( QoS) QoS is the ability of network to support applications without limiting it s s function or performance ITU-T T
More informationExperience Performance
Achieve a New Level of Excellence: Experience Performance To gain control, providers first have to see the state of their network, from end to end. To compete, service providers must combine visibility,
More informationCisco Bandwidth Quality Manager 3.1
Cisco Bandwidth Quality Manager 3.1 Product Overview Providing the required quality of service (QoS) to applications on a wide-area access network consistently and reliably is increasingly becoming a challenge.
More informationBandwidth Profiles for Ethernet Services Ralph Santitoro
Ralph Santitoro Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive technical overview of bandwidth profiles for Ethernet services, based on the work of the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) Technical Committee. The
More informationQuality of Service (QoS) for Enterprise Networks. Learn How to Configure QoS on Cisco Routers. Share:
Quality of Service (QoS) for Enterprise Networks Learn How to Configure QoS on Cisco Routers Share: Quality of Service (QoS) Overview Networks today are required to deliver secure, measurable and guaranteed
More informationHX System Quality of Service
HX System Quality of Service Designed and optimized for carrier-grade satellite IP broadband networking, the HX System is the ideal choice for service providers seeking to deliver a diverse range of high
More informationRFC 6349 Testing with TrueSpeed from JDSU Experience Your Network as Your Customers Do
RFC 6349 Testing with TrueSpeed from JDSU Experience Your Network as Your Customers Do RFC 6349 is the new transmission control protocol (TCP) throughput test methodology that JDSU co-authored along with
More informationRequirements of Voice in an IP Internetwork
Requirements of Voice in an IP Internetwork Real-Time Voice in a Best-Effort IP Internetwork This topic lists problems associated with implementation of real-time voice traffic in a best-effort IP internetwork.
More informationPer-Flow Queuing Allot s Approach to Bandwidth Management
Allot s Approach to Bandwidth Management February 2002 Table of Contents Introduction...3 An Overview of TCP/IP...3 What is Bandwidth Management?...4 Allot s Per-Flow Queuing...5 How It Works... 5 Per-Flow
More informationSK Telecom CUSTOMER CASE STUDY CUSTOMER CASE STUDY
SK Telecom Type of Company: Mobile Network Operator Subscriber Base: 28 Million: Largest South Korean Operator Accedian Solutions: SkyLIGHT Performance Platform and Nano Smart SFP Modules The End-to-End
More informationSkyLIGHT VCX Controller
Module & VNF Controller Introduction & Application Overview SkyLIGHT VCX Controller TM Full test set functionality in the smallest possible form factor. Leading the Virtual Instrumentation Revolution SkyLIGHT
More informationAchieving High Quality Voiceover-IP Across WANs With Talari Networks APN Technology
Achieving High Quality Voiceover-IP Across WANs With Talari Networks APN Technology A Talari Networks Application Note 2012 Talari Networks / www.talari.com Enterprise-class Voice-over-IP Challenges In
More informationof Network Access ASC Broadband Services Access Platform The New Edge Advanced Switching Communications
Broadband Services Access Platform The New Edge of Network Access Advanced Switching Communications Market Situation The explosion of the Internet and customer demand for bandwidth is revolutionizing service
More informationAnalysis of IP Network for different Quality of Service
2009 International Symposium on Computing, Communication, and Control (ISCCC 2009) Proc.of CSIT vol.1 (2011) (2011) IACSIT Press, Singapore Analysis of IP Network for different Quality of Service Ajith
More informationCongestion Control Review. 15-441 Computer Networking. Resource Management Approaches. Traffic and Resource Management. What is congestion control?
Congestion Control Review What is congestion control? 15-441 Computer Networking What is the principle of TCP? Lecture 22 Queue Management and QoS 2 Traffic and Resource Management Resource Management
More informationBlind SDN vs. Insightful SDN in a Mobile Backhaul Environment Extending SDN with Network State+
White Paper Network State+ - Driving Visibility for Performance Assurance and SDN Blind SDN vs. Insightful SDN in a Mobile Backhaul Environment Extending SDN with Network State+ Introduction While the
More informationAllocating Network Bandwidth to Match Business Priorities
Allocating Network Bandwidth to Match Business Priorities Speaker Peter Sichel Chief Engineer Sustainable Softworks psichel@sustworks.com MacWorld San Francisco 2006 Session M225 12-Jan-2006 10:30 AM -
More informationDriving Service Delivery with SLA Performance Monitoring
Driving Service Delivery with SLA Performance Monitoring 1. PROVIDERS #1 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE Service providers more and more depend on Ethernet services as the networks are evolving from traditional
More informationVoice, Video and Data Convergence > A best-practice approach for transitioning your network infrastructure. White Paper
> A best-practice approach for transitioning your network infrastructure White Paper The business benefits of network convergence are clear: fast, dependable, real-time communication, unprecedented information
More informationQuality of Service versus Fairness. Inelastic Applications. QoS Analogy: Surface Mail. How to Provide QoS?
18-345: Introduction to Telecommunication Networks Lectures 20: Quality of Service Peter Steenkiste Spring 2015 www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/nets-ece Overview What is QoS? Queuing discipline and scheduling Traffic
More informationTechnology Overview. Class of Service Overview. Published: 2014-01-10. Copyright 2014, Juniper Networks, Inc.
Technology Overview Class of Service Overview Published: 2014-01-10 Juniper Networks, Inc. 1194 North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale, California 94089 USA 408-745-2000 www.juniper.net Juniper Networks, Junos,
More informationCHAPTER 1 ATM TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 1 ATM TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT Webster s New World Dictionary defines congestion as filled to excess, or overcrowded; for example, highway congestion. Although, the best solution of congestion is to
More informationBandwidth Profiles for Ethernet Services Ralph Santitoro
Ralph Santitoro Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive technical overview of bandwidth profiles for Ethernet services, based on the work (as of October 2003) of the Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) Technical
More information5. DEPLOYMENT ISSUES Having described the fundamentals of VoIP and underlying IP infrastructure, let s address deployment issues.
5. DEPLOYMENT ISSUES Having described the fundamentals of VoIP and underlying IP infrastructure, let s address deployment issues. 5.1 LEGACY INTEGRATION In most cases, enterprises own legacy PBX systems,
More informationThe need for bandwidth management and QoS control when using public or shared networks for disaster relief work
International Telecommunication Union The need for bandwidth management and QoS control when using public or shared networks for disaster relief work Stephen Fazio Chief, Global Telecommunications Officer
More informationQOS over MPLS the Complete Story
QOS over MPLS the Complete Story John Bartlett and Rebecca Wetzel BCR Volume 36, Number 2 February 2006 As service providers entice growing numbers of enterprises to MPLS-based service offerings, customers
More informationQoS & Traffic Management
QoS & Traffic Management Advanced Features for Managing Application Performance and Achieving End-to-End Quality of Service in Data Center and Cloud Computing Environments using Chelsio T4 Adapters Chelsio
More informationJDSU Ethernet Testing
Key Benefits of Probe/Instrument Integration Unique Test Capabilities The following sections detail how various test applications benefit from the interoperability of QT-600 probes and T-BERD/MTS instruments.
More informationCIR (down/up) 256k/64k 320k/96k 384k/128k. Throughput allowance 2 GB 4 GB 6 GB. (down/up) in unexpectedly high fees.
Broadband Satellite: Enterprise Class or Cookie Cutter? There are a wide range of broadband satellite services available from a wide variety of network operators. What are the differences between them?
More informationTransport for Enterprise VoIP Services
Transport for Enterprise VoIP Services Introduction Many carriers are looking to advanced packet services as an opportunity to generate new revenue or lower costs. These services, which include VoIP, IP
More informationBest Practices for Testing Ethernet and Network Synchronization at the Cell Site
Best Practices for Testing Ethernet and Network Synchronization at the Cell Site The explosive growth in the number of 4G mobile subscribers and ever-increasing mobile data usage is driving mobile operators
More informationVMWARE WHITE PAPER 1
1 VMWARE WHITE PAPER Introduction This paper outlines the considerations that affect network throughput. The paper examines the applications deployed on top of a virtual infrastructure and discusses the
More informationGetting the Most Out of Your Existing Network A Practical Guide to Traffic Shaping
Getting the Most Out of Your Existing Network A Practical Guide to Traffic Shaping Getting the Most Out of Your Existing Network A Practical Guide to Traffic Shaping Executive Summary As organizations
More informationImproving Effective WAN Throughput for Large Data Flows By Peter Sevcik and Rebecca Wetzel November 2008
Improving Effective WAN Throughput for Large Data Flows By Peter Sevcik and Rebecca Wetzel November 2008 When you buy a broadband Wide Area Network (WAN) you want to put the entire bandwidth capacity to
More informationCorporate Network Services of Tomorrow Business-Aware VPNs
Corporate Network Services of Tomorrow Business-Aware VPNs Authors: Daniel Kofman, CTO and Yuri Gittik, CSO Content Content...1 Introduction...2 Serving Business Customers: New VPN Requirements... 2 Evolution
More informationCarrier Ethernet 2.0 Service Delivery Case Study: Telstra s Ethernet Services Powered by MRV
White Paper Carrier Ethernet 2.0 Service Delivery Case Study: Telstra s Ethernet Services Powered by MRV Prepared by Heavy Reading www.heavyreading.com on behalf of www.mrv.com March 2014 Introduction
More informationHigh Bandwidth and Service Velocity Combine to Win the Service Speed Race by: M. Vijay Raman OSP Magazine
1 of 6 8/10/2012 11:22 AM Published on OSP Magazine (http://www.ospmag.com) Home > Bridging the Ethernet-Over-Fiber Gap High Bandwidth and Service Velocity Combine to Win the Service Speed Race by: M.
More informationBuilding Access Networks that Support Carrier Ethernet 2.0 Services and SDN
In cooperation with Building Access Networks that Support Carrier Ethernet 2.0 Services and SDN COMMTECH Show Toronto, April 15-16 Mississauga Center by Pasquale Tagliarini Senior Solutions Engineer Agenda
More informationQuality of Service Analysis of site to site for IPSec VPNs for realtime multimedia traffic.
Quality of Service Analysis of site to site for IPSec VPNs for realtime multimedia traffic. A Network and Data Link Layer infrastructure Design to Improve QoS in Voice and video Traffic Jesús Arturo Pérez,
More informationTraffic Shaping. FortiOS Handbook v3 for FortiOS 4.0 MR3
Traffic Shaping FortiOS Handbook v3 for FortiOS 4.0 MR3 FortiOS Handbook Traffic Shaping v3 12 December 2011 01-433-120097-20111212 Copyright 2011 Fortinet, Inc. All rights reserved. Contents and terms
More informationFrequently Asked Questions
Frequently Asked Questions 1. Q: What is the Network Data Tunnel? A: Network Data Tunnel (NDT) is a software-based solution that accelerates data transfer in point-to-point or point-to-multipoint network
More informationTechnote. SmartNode Quality of Service for VoIP on the Internet Access Link
Technote SmartNode Quality of Service for VoIP on the Internet Access Link Applies to the following products SmartNode 1000 Series SmartNode 2000 Series SmartNode 4520 Series Overview Initially designed
More informationOptimizing Carrier Ethernet Latency & Bandwidth Efficiency
White Paper Optimizing Carrier Ethernet Latency & Bandwidth Efficiency Executive Summary Keeping latency in check is critical for quality of service (QoS) of demanding Ethernet wireless backhaul, wholesale
More informationCentral Office Testing of Network Services
Central Office Testing of Network Services Rev 4 Application Note Ethernet is rapidly becoming the predominant method for deploying new commercial services and for expanding backhaul capacity. Carriers
More informationNetwork Considerations for IP Video
Network Considerations for IP Video H.323 is an ITU standard for transmitting voice and video using Internet Protocol (IP). It differs from many other typical IP based applications in that it is a real-time
More informationDistributed Systems 3. Network Quality of Service (QoS)
Distributed Systems 3. Network Quality of Service (QoS) Paul Krzyzanowski pxk@cs.rutgers.edu 1 What factors matter for network performance? Bandwidth (bit rate) Average number of bits per second through
More informationPC-over-IP Protocol Virtual Desktop Network Design Checklist. TER1105004 Issue 2
PC-over-IP Protocol Virtual Desktop Network Design Checklist TER1105004 Issue 2 Teradici Corporation #101-4621 Canada Way, Burnaby, BC V5G 4X8 Canada p +1 604 451 5800 f +1 604 451 5818 www.teradici.com
More informationEncapsulating Voice in IP Packets
Encapsulating Voice in IP Packets Major VoIP Protocols This topic defines the major VoIP protocols and matches them with the seven layers of the OSI model. Major VoIP Protocols 15 The major VoIP protocols
More informationIMPLEMENTING CISCO QUALITY OF SERVICE V2.5 (QOS)
IMPLEMENTING CISCO QUALITY OF SERVICE V2.5 (QOS) COURSE OVERVIEW: Implementing Cisco Quality of Service (QOS) v2.5 provides learners with in-depth knowledge of QoS requirements, conceptual models such
More informationData Center Connectivity
White paper Enterprise to Data Center Connectivity Executive Summary In recent years, the enterprise-to-data center connectivity landscape has dramatically transformed, from mostly private site-to-site
More informationThe Evolution of the Central Office
The Gateway to Learning an All IP Network The Evolution of the Central Office -Where did all the DS-1s go? Presented by: Steven Senne, P.E. APRIL 27-30, 2014 ACE/RUS SCHOOL AND SYMPOSIUM 1 The New Central
More informationQoS in PAN-OS. Tech Note PAN-OS 4.1. Revision A 2011, Palo Alto Networks, Inc.
QoS in PAN-OS Tech Note PAN-OS 4.1 Revision A Contents Overview... 3 Why QoS... 3 Learn about Applications in your Network... 3 Terms and Concepts... 3 Classification... 3 Priority Queues... 4 Limiting
More informationInvestigation and Comparison of MPLS QoS Solution and Differentiated Services QoS Solutions
Investigation and Comparison of MPLS QoS Solution and Differentiated Services QoS Solutions Steve Gennaoui, Jianhua Yin, Samuel Swinton, and * Vasil Hnatyshin Department of Computer Science Rowan University
More informationThe Benefits of Purpose Built Super Efficient Video Servers
Whitepaper Deploying Future Proof On Demand TV and Video Services: The Benefits of Purpose Built Super Efficient Video Servers The Edgeware Storage System / Whitepaper / Edgeware AB 2010 / Version1 A4
More informationImplementing Cisco Quality of Service QOS v2.5; 5 days, Instructor-led
Implementing Cisco Quality of Service QOS v2.5; 5 days, Instructor-led Course Description Implementing Cisco Quality of Service (QOS) v2.5 provides learners with in-depth knowledge of QoS requirements,
More informationOptimizing Network and Client Performance Through Dynamic Airtime Scheduling. white paper
Optimizing Network and Client Performance Through Dynamic Airtime Scheduling white paper Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Mixed Data Rates in Traditional Wireless LANs... 3 Aerohive QoS... 7 Dynamic
More informationApplication Note. Pre-Deployment and Network Readiness Assessment Is Essential. Types of VoIP Performance Problems. Contents
Title Six Steps To Getting Your Network Ready For Voice Over IP Date January 2005 Overview This provides enterprise network managers with a six step methodology, including predeployment testing and network
More informationVOIP QOS. Thomas Mangin. ITSPA - Autumn Seminar 11th October 2012 LEEDS. Technical Director IXLeeds AND THE IXP THE CORE THE EDGE
VOIP QOS ITSPA - Autumn Seminar 11th October 2012 LEEDS THE EDGE THE CORE AND THE IXP Thomas Mangin Technical Director IXLeeds AGENDA NO AGENDA Agenda are good to let you known when to doze off There is
More informationQuality of Service. Traditional Nonconverged Network. Traditional data traffic characteristics:
Quality of Service 1 Traditional Nonconverged Network Traditional data traffic characteristics: Bursty data flow FIFO access Not overly time-sensitive; delays OK Brief outages are survivable 2 1 Converged
More informationSafeNet Network Encryption Solutions Safenet High-Speed Network Encryptors Combine the Highest Performance With the Easiest Integration and
SafeNet Network Encryption Solutions Safenet High-Speed Network Encryptors Combine the Highest Performance With the Easiest Integration and Management SafeNet Network Encryption and Isolation Solution
More informationMPLS and NetEnforcer Synergy. Enhancing the control of MPLS-based, enterprise managed services with Allot's NetEnforcer
Solution Brief MPLS and NetEnforcer Synergy Enhancing the control of MPLS-based, enterprise managed services with Allot's NetEnforcer 2007 Allot Communications Ltd. Allot Communications, NetEnforcer and
More informationCS640: Introduction to Computer Networks. Why a New Service Model? Utility curve Elastic traffic. Aditya Akella. Lecture 20 QoS
CS640: Introduction to Computer Networks Aditya Akella Lecture 20 QoS Why a New Service Model? Best effort clearly insufficient Some applications need more assurances from the network What is the basic
More informationFive Hosted VoIP Features
Five Hosted VoIP Features WHITEPAPER: voice SERVICES quality of service and technology www.megapath.com overview MegaPath offers everything you need for a complete, unified Hosted Voice system that supports
More informationWhite Paper. Optimizing Video Performance Across the Distributed Enterprise >
White Paper Optimizing Video Performance Across the Distributed Enterprise > High-Quality Videoconferencing to Any User, On Any Network, Anywhere Do more with less: that s the message echoing through corporate
More informationIP videoconferencing solution with ProCurve switches and Tandberg terminals
An HP ProCurve Networking Application Note IP videoconferencing solution with ProCurve switches and Tandberg terminals Contents 1. Introduction... 3 2. Architecture... 3 3. Videoconferencing traffic and
More information"Charting the Course... ... to Your Success!" QOS - Implementing Cisco Quality of Service 2.5 Course Summary
Course Summary Description Implementing Cisco Quality of Service (QOS) v2.5 provides learners with in-depth knowledge of QoS requirements, conceptual models such as best effort, IntServ, and DiffServ,
More informationCISCO IOS IP SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS: ASSURE THE DELIVERY OF IP SERVICES AND APPLICATIONS
CISCO IOS IP SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS: ASSURE THE DELIVERY OF IP SERVICES AND APPLICATIONS INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES DIVISION JANUARY 2005 1 Cisco IOS IP Service Level Agreements Presentation Agenda Overview
More informationMOBILITY AND MOBILE NETWORK OPTIMIZATION
MOBILITY AND MOBILE NETWORK OPTIMIZATION netmotionwireless.com Executive Summary Wireless networks exhibit uneven and unpredictable performance characteristics which, if not correctly managed, can turn
More informationIVCi s IntelliNet SM Network
IVCi s IntelliNet SM Network Technical White Paper Introduction...2 Overview...2 A True ATM Solution End to End...2 The Power of a Switched Network...2 Data Throughput:...3 Improved Security:...3 Class
More informationDOCSIS 1.1 Cable Modem Termination Systems
DOCSIS 1.1 Cable Modem Termination Systems Chris Bridge cbridge@motorola.com DOCSIS 1.1 Features QoS management Dynamic QoS management Dynamic QoS addition Dynamic QoS change Dynamic QoS deletion Policy-based
More informationSaisei FlowCommand FLOW COMMAND IN ACTION. No Flow Left Behind. No other networking vendor can make this claim
Saisei FlowCommand The Saisei FlowCommand family of network performance enforcement (NPE) solutions offers a new paradigm for real-time user- and application-policy enforcement and visibility made possible
More informationSwiftBroadband and IP data connections
SwiftBroadband and IP data connections Version 01 30.01.08 inmarsat.com/swiftbroadband Whilst the information has been prepared by Inmarsat in good faith, and all reasonable efforts have been made to ensure
More informationSPEAKEASY QUALITY OF SERVICE: VQ TECHNOLOGY
SPEAKEASY QUALITY OF SERVICE: VQ TECHNOLOGY August 2005 Formoreinformation,contactSpeakeasyPartnerITS at630.420.2550orvisitwww.teamits.com. www.speakeasy.net 800-556-5829 1201 Western Ave Seattle, WA 98101
More informationPrivate Cloud Solutions Virtual Onsite Data Center
ZEROOUTAGES WHITE PAPER Private Cloud Solutions Virtual Onsite Data Center ZEROOUTAGES - WHITE PAPER Single Side / Balancing The ZeroOutages solution makes for a perfect link bonding/balancing device for
More informationCarrier Ethernet SLAs Technology Advancements to Differentiate and Improve Operational Efficiency
Carrier Ethernet SLAs Technology Advancements to Differentiate and Improve Operational Efficiency May 2011 ABSTRACT High-capacity, low-latency connectivity is important for the new generation of Ethernet-based
More informationSaisei and Intel Maximizing WAN Bandwidth
Intel Network Builders Saisei Solution Brief Intel Xeon Processors Saisei and Intel Maximizing WAN Bandwidth Introduction Despite the increased capacity available on WAN links1, service providers and enterprises
More information