Development of Knowledge Management System for Broadening English Reading Skill on Mobile Phone

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1 Development of Knowledge Management System for Broadening English Reading Skill on Mobile Phone Pensri Srisawat Institute of Physical Education Suphanburi Campus, Suphanburi, Thailand Pitichoke Channongsi Institute of Physical Education Suphanburi Campus, Suphanburi, Thailand Abstract - The purposes of this study were to 1) develop a knowledge management system on mobile phone, 2) compare students learning achievement, and 3) investigate students satisfaction. This study consisted of two major stages, the development and the implementation stages. The first stage was designed to develop the knowledge management system on mobile phone by using the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The second stage was designed to implement the developed system to the students. The samples were 63 students from the Institute of Physical Education, Suphanburi Campus. They were selected by a cluster sampling method and divided into two groups, 30 students in an experimental group studying with the developed system and 33 students in a control group studying with usual instruction. The data were analyzed by using arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test, and content analysis. The research findings indicated that 1) knowledge management system on mobile phone consisted of five components: 1) user network, 2) goal, 3) contents, 4) technology which supported knowledge management, and 5) activities of knowledge sharing. The efficiency of the developed system was validated at a good level by the panel of experts. 2) The mean score of students learning achievement in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at the level of.01. 3) The students also rated their satisfactions on the developed system at the highest level. Keywords - Knowledge Management System, Knowledge Sharing, Mobile Phone, M-Learning, Mobile Learning I. INTRODUCTION In recent years, mobile learning has gained in popularity as it provides trainees with learning contents wherever they are and at any time they choose. Mobile learning is also known as M-learning which is an off-shoot of e-learning. People can use mobile learning as an important instrument for lifelong learning there by utilizing their time more efficiently. Furthermore, mobile learning could bring important benefits to schools by supporting class room teaching, assisting in the educational process and enhancing personal and group learning. This approach to learning could revolutionize the way people learn in the future [1, 2]. The mobile technology which supports mobile learning (M-learning) is a new way of learning in schools. Students can freely learn from a mobile phone s touch screen or smart phone without time and place limitation. This way requires only equipment, signal, internet, and information that they want. So, a new obligation of students, academicians, and especially whoever related to the M-learning educational production is to develop, produce, and publish the M-learning effectively [3]. Basic problems with development in new form 54

2 Pensri Srisawat and Pitichoke Channongsi of education and delivery of learning content via mobile and other advanced technologies are investigated, and possible solutions have been proposed. Application of wireless technologies which are easy to use and control mobile and other high-tech devices are very well accepted by young generation; moreover, this way education becomes attractive to the learners. Therefore, integration of mobile phone and advanced technologies in learning process is a very important part of development and implementation in advanced forms of education. Future research in this file will be a very critical issue for adaptive, flexible, and attractive education on mobile learning [4]. The researchers are interested in designing a knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill in order to use in Institute of Physical Education, Suphanburi Campus in case that students have to join any sport competition and they cannot come to class or contact with their lecturers and friends. Also, the phone has been developed as the equipment to enhance students learning achievement which is obviously considered a must. II. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES This research aimed to 1) develop a phone for broadening English reading skill; 2) compare students learning achievement between the group learning from knowledge management system on mobile phone and the group learning from usual instruction; and 3) investigate students satisfaction with phone. III. SCOPE OF STUDY A. The Population and the Sample Study The research populations for this investigation were the 1 st year students in bachelor s degree of physical education at Institute of Physical Education Suphanburi Campus, who took the English Reading Skill Course in academic year of There were 63 subjects in this study. The samples were there upon divided into two groups. In the experimental group, there were 30 subjects while in the control group there were 33 subjects. B. Variables 1) Independent variable is teaching methodology. 2) Dependent variables are students learning achievement and students satisfaction with knowledge management system on mobile phone. C. Research Instruments The research instruments comprised: 1) Learning achievement test containing 50 items and reliability (KR-20) at ) Questionnaire on satisfaction with phone. IV. RESEARCH PROCEDURES A. Develop Knowledge Management System on Mobile Phone The first stage was designed to develop the phone by using the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) in which it was validated by a panel of experts in information technology using the black box testing method. 1) System Planning Researchers analyzed technical possibilities which are internet system, wireless network system, and mobile phone for use in Institute of Physical Education Suphanburi Campus. 2) Systems Analysis For knowledge management system on mobile phone, researchers analyzed five systems divided into: 1) user network; 2) goal; 3) contents; 4) technology that supports knowledge management comprising seven components, 4.1) user management system, 4.2) course management system, 4.3) content management system, 4.4) testing management system, 4.5) reporting management system, 4.6) data management system, 4.7) Learning 55

3 Development of Knowledge Management System for Broadening English Reading Skill on Mobile Phone support system; and 5) activities of knowledge sharing which combines 3 processes, 5.1) preparation, 5.2) knowledge process, and 5.3) academic assessment. These systems in details are shown on Fig 1. 3) Systems Design Researchers planned a system according to what they had analyzed by using UML mapping which is Use Case Diagram, Use Case Text, Database, and User Interface to explain. 4) System Developing Systems are developed or acquired based on detailed design specifications. Program coding by using Python and MySQL was developed on Linux system, and mobile application was developed by using Java on Android system. 5) System Implementation Researchers installed knowledge management system on server which can be used on website and installed applications mobile on Google Pay called Knowledge Sharing to use on mobile phone. 6) System Evaluation Knowledge management system was assessed by a panel of experts in information technology using the black box testing method. It was evaluated in 5 aspects which comprised 1) functional requirement test, 2) functional test, 3) usability test, 4) performance test, and 5) security test. The result is shown in Table I. Fig 1. Knowledge Management System 56

4 Pensri Srisawat and Pitichoke Channongsi TABLE I MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION AND QUALITY EVALUATION ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Evaluation Lists M S.D Meaning 1. Functional Excellent requirement test 2. Functional test Excellent 3. Usability test Good 4. Performance test Good 5. Security test Good Total Good From table I, knowledge management system on mobile phone was found at a good level as a whole. As separated aspects, functional requirement test and functional test were found at an excellent level while usability test, performance test, and security test were found at a good level. B. Data Collection 1) The experimental group was introduced how to use the knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill. 2) The control group was introduced how to learn from usual instruction. 3) The experimental group learned the contents of five chapters from the knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill for five weeks and took a 10-item chapter quiz at the end of each week. After that, they took a posttest or a learning achievement test. On the other hand, the control group learned the contents of five chapters from usual instruction for five weeks before they took a post-test or a learning achievement test. 4) The experimental group answered questionnaire regarding to their satisfaction and comments with knowledge management system on mobile phone. C. Data Analysis 1) The effectiveness of knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill was found out by using formula E1/E2 and met the efficiency at 83.20/84.06 level of criteria standard, which was higher than set standard at 80/80. 2) The students learning achievement between the pre-test and the post-test was compared by mean score and dependent t-test. 3) The learning achievement between the group learning from knowledge management system on mobile phone and the group learning from usual instruction was compared by mean score and independent t-test. 4) The satisfaction with knowledge management system on mobile phone was found out by mean score and standard deviation. V. RESULTS The students learning achievement resulting from using knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill was shown as the following: TABLE II COMPARISON OF LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT RESULTING FROM KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON MOBILE PHONE Experiment X S.D t Sig. Pre-test Post-test **Level of significance **.00 The table II showed that the learning achievement mean score of the pre-test was while the mean score of the posttest was The mean scores were statistically different at level.01 of significance. The mean score of post-test was higher than that of the pre-test. The learning achievement comparison result between the group learning from knowledge management system on mobile phone for broadening English reading skill and the group learning from usual instruction was below: TABLE III COMPARISON OF LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT Experiment X S.D t Sig. Control group **.00 Experimental group **Level of significance.01 57

5 Development of Knowledge Management System for Broadening English Reading Skill on Mobile Phone The table III showed that the learning achievement mean score of the control group was while the mean score of the experimental group was The mean scores were statistically different at level.01 of significance. The mean score of experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Satisfaction results of students who used phone were in Table IV: TABLE IV DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS OF STUDENTS SATISFACTION Evaluation Topics 1. Group process M 4.68 S.D.26 Meaning highest 2. Learning Activities highest 3. Technology supporting learning highest 4. Sharing learning benefit highest Total highest The table IV showed that student s satisfaction on knowledge management system on mobile phone was found at a highest level. VI. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION That knowledge management system on mobile phone was found at a good level may result from the system development which followed SDLC principle and the efficiency using Black Box Technique which was accessed by experts. Researchers had solved and improved the system in order that it can be run perfectly for mobile learning. The system supported message, photo, sound, animation, and mixed media such as , web board, and social network [5, 6]. Researchers found that learning achievement of the students using knowledge management system on mobile phone was higher than that of the group using usual instruction. This is because researchers categorized data on mobile into core material and additional data. Researchers also added additional data which can be downloaded at any time and connected to websites related to the material. Moreover, there are lots of activities that students can learn and share attitude with their friends, so the lecturer and the students can contact with each other at any time. Also, it can support students to do activities simultaneously without time and place limitation. It can be stated that learning via phones can enhance academic achievement [6]. Students are centralized; they can control learning which can increase learning efficiency. The highest level of students satisfaction with knowledge management system on mobile phones showed that they can learn at anywhere and anytime. This system also supports self-learning, free thinking and searching in order to share comments and information. In conclusion, students can develop their learning efficiently [6]. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researchers gratefully acknowledge the financial support given by the Institute of Physical Education Thank you for the kindness of research committee who sponsored the study until it was complete successfully. REFERENCES (Arranged in the order of citation in the same fashion as the case of Footnotes.) [1] Ally, M. Mobile learning: Transforming the delivery of education and training. AU Press: Athabasca University, [2] Koole, M., McQuilkin, J. L., & Ally, M. Mobile Learning in Distance Education: Utility or Futility?. Journal of Distance Education (Revue de l Education a Distance), vol. 24, pp , [3] Palanantana P. An Analysis of Feasibility of Instruction Management by Using Mobile Learning Technology in Higher Education Institutions. Chulalongkorn University,

6 Pensri Srisawat and Pitichoke Channongsi [4] Yordanova K. Mobile learning and integration of advanced technologies in education, in Proc ACM,.International Conference on Computer System and Technologies, p 23. [5] Kongeid, M. A Study Status, Requirements for Using and the Mobile Learning Network Model (M-learning) for the Students of Silapakron University. Silapakron University, [6] Samaka, M. and Ismail, L. M-learning Solution for Training English. National e-learning Conference Open Education En Route to Conceptual Society, pp , Jan ,