TerraSAR-X Interferometry. Michael Eineder, Nico Adam Remote Sensing Technology Institute

Transcription

1 TerraSAR-X Interferometry Michael Eineder, Nico Adam Remote Sensing Technology Institute

2 TerraSAR-X Contribution to Commissioning Phase: verify phase and geometric stability of instrument and SAR processor validate new high resolution InSAR processing algorithms Folie 2

3 Stripmap Mode: Salar de Uyuni & Mt. Tunupa, Bolivia 50 km azimuth 30 km range Folie 3

4 ERS Coregistration Coregistration error caused by uncompensated topography is less than 1/10 sample compensated shift Folie 4

5 TerraSAR-X Coregistration Coregistration error caused by uncompensated topography can be one sample compensated shift Folie 5

6 TerraSAR-X Coregistration Example Height difference bottom-peak: 1300 m 76 fringes (ca. 17 m/cycle) 1.18 m slant range parallax 1.3 pixel misregistration if not compensated Folie 6

7 10 km Azimuth Spectrum t RAW t SSC tssc = traw + f DC ( t ) FM RAW 5-10 km Folie 7

8 Common Band Filtering Folie 8

9 TerraSAR-X Spotlight Products Spotlight RBW=150 MHz Dimension: 10 km x 10 km Resolution: 2 m x 1.1 m High Resolution Spotlight RBW=300 MHz (experimental) Dimension: 5 km x 10 km Resolution: 1 m x 0.55 m rg 10 km 10 km 10 km 1 m 5 km 2 m 0.55 m az 1.1 m Folie 9

10 First TerraSAR-X Spotlight Interferogram Times: 26/6-7/7/2007 Mode: Spotlight Size: ~ 8 km x 10 km Baseline: 309 m Bandwidth: 150 MHz Incidence angle: 59 (out of full performance!) Image resolution: 2 m azimuth, 1 m range Location: 36 N, 116 W (near Las Vegas) Folie 10

11 Spotlight Interferogram (Intensity) 59 out of full performance range, low signal & many shadows Folie 11

12 First Spotlight DEM: Google Earth Overlay 5 m DEM grid ~ 5 m vert. accuracy Folie 12

13 Stripmap Interferometry in Urban Areas (Zoom) Las Vegas TS-X SM, θ=19, 31 m/2π intensity Oberpfaffenhofen TS-X SM θ=46, 89 m/2π coherence h=150 m all major buildings and traffic networks are stable scatterers for TerraSAR-X Folie 13 Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum Remote bzw. Sensing Technology Institute

14 Tokyo High Resolution Spotlight Mean Intensity with 5 Temporal Looks Folie 14

15 Tokyo High Resolution Spotlight Expected SCR: PS Candidates Folie 15

16 St. Luke's Tower 05 Oct MHz Resolution 1m x 0.55m 221 meters 51 floors Folie 16

17 St. Luke's Tower 16 Oct MHz Resolution 1m x 0.55m 221 meters 51 floors Folie 17

18 St. Luke's Tower 27 Oct MHz Resolution 1m x 0.55m 221 meters 51 floors Folie 18

19 St. Luke's Tower 02 Sep MHz Resolution 1m x 0.55m 221 meters 51 floors Folie 19

20 St. Luke's Tower SCR change in 11 days SCR change in 11 and 22 days white: scatterer available in all acquisitions Folie 20

21 St. Luke's Tower 150 MHz 300 MHz Folie 21

22 300 MHz 05 Oct Sep 2007 B eff = 31 m (231m/cycle) _ Folie 22

23 300 MHz 05 Oct Oct 2007 B eff = 67 m (108 m/cycle) work_ _ Folie 23

24 05 Oct Oct 2007 Beff= 158 m ( 44 m/cycle) 300 MHz _ Folie 24 Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum Remote bzw. Sensing Technology Institute

25 05 Oct Sep 2007 Beff=186 m ( 36 m/cycle) 300 MHz _ cycles 126 m Folie 25 Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum Remote bzw. Sensing Technology Institute

26 Las Vegas Mean amplitude 8 temporal looks Std. coherence Folie 26

27 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 1 : -766 m/cycle Δt 1 : 11 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 27

28 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 2 : -65 m/cycle Δt 2 : 22 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 28

29 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 3 : 62 m/cycle Δt 3 : 33 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 29

30 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 4 : 20 m/cycle Δt 4 : 44 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 30

31 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 5 : -37 m/cycle Δt 5 : 88 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 31

32 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 6 : 628 m/cycle Δt 6 : 99 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 32

33 Las Vegas Spotlight interferogram B 7 : -94 m/cycle Δt 7 : 110 days Interferometric processing by Nestor Yagüe Folie 33

34 Las Vegas Building Deformation 628 m or 1.55 cm LOS displacement 1.55 cm LOS displacement ϕ + 2 ϕ 3 Folie 34

35 Las Vegas Building Deformation 3 ϕ 4 ϕ3 3 ϕ4 + ϕ2 Folie 35 Institut für Methodik der Fernerkundung Deutsches Fernerkundungsdatenzentrum Remote bzw. Sensing Technology Institute

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40 Las Vegas 11 days 06 JUL JUL JUL AUG AUG OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 40

41 Las Vegas 06 JUL days 17 JUL JUL AUG AUG OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 41

42 Las Vegas 06 JUL JUL days 28 JUL AUG AUG OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 42

43 Las Vegas 06 JUL JUL JUL days 08 AUG AUG OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 43

44 Las Vegas 06 JUL JUL JUL AUG AUG days 02 OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 44

45 Las Vegas 06 JUL JUL JUL AUG AUG days 02 OCT OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 45

46 Las Vegas 06 JUL JUL JUL AUG AUG OCT days 13 OCT OCT LOS [mm] +8 Folie 46

47 Wide Bandwidth Interferometry ϕ = 4 π C f 1 ΔR 4 π Δf C R 2 ΔR f 2 = R 1 R 2 f + Δf = 1 Split band interferometry versus absolute ranging with wideband SAR systems Bamler R, Eineder M, IGARSS 2004, pp vol.2 Folie 47

48 TerraSAR-X Traffic Monitoring 86 km/h Folie 48

49 Conclusion New Challenges of InSAR with TerraSAR-X High resolution and short wavelength: High PS density (SCR) High sensitivity (1.5 cm/cycle) Coherent rough surfaces (roads, buildings) Radargrammetry and InSAR complement each other Short repeat cycle of 11 days Fast stack build-up Mitigation of PU problems Spotlight InSAR requires modifications Coregistration Azimuth spectral shift filtering 1.55 cm LOS displacement Folie 49