Activity and Account Report 2012

Transcription

1 Activity and Account Report 2012

2 ADVID Douro Region Wine Cluster 2012 Activity and Account Report Index 1. Executive Summary Corporate Bodies Affiliates Objectives and Strategy Operating Resources Human Resources Financial resources Material Resources Research Activities and Experimental Development (R&D) Anchor Projects Climate Change Impact of Climate Change on Viticulture in the Douro Region Short-term strategies for climate change mitigation in viticulture (ClimeVINESafe) Modelling the Evolution of RDD Quality Wine Management of water and heat stress on the grapevine Eligible areas of grapevine crop potential Functional Biodiversity in Viticulture Biodivine (Demonstration of functional biodiversity at landscape wine - LIFE +) ECOVITIS Maximising ecosystem services in viticulture Assessing the oenological potential of grapes Preservation of grapevine genetic variability Sustained production in viticulture Rationalisation of the hillside vineyard Economic Observatory Skills development - Training and Dissemination Complementary R&D Projects Evaluating the effectiveness of treatments to combat Oidium in grapevines at early stages in the season Communication and Dissemination Production of informative support material Knowledge acquisition Event participation Training Knowledge Transfer ADVID page on the Internet Publicity events Touriga Franca workshop Strategies for Weed Control in Organic Viticulture" workshop "Climate Change in the Production of Wine. Overview and Assessment of the Situation in the Douro Region seminar 38 Analysis of the Evolution of Vegetative Cycle - Bud Burst workshop Open Day at the University of Porto Workshop Wine Spoilage Yeast - Brettanomyces-Dekkera XIX Annual proof of vintage Biodiversity Week Bird watching at Quinta das Carvalhas Session Workshop Valuation of Ecosystem Services in Viticulture Birds and their role in biodiversity. Example of Black Wheatear (Bird Port Wine) Bird watching session 43

3 Institutional Module: "Biodiversity - Added Value in Wine?" In Infowine.fórum "Sustainability of Wine and Grapevine Production - Wine and Olive Oil Tastings" conference Forecast Vintage Production conference The Importance of Tracking Grape Ripening workshop "The Biodivine Project" publicity Open Day at the University of Porto Installation of Hedges in Viticulture Ecosystem workshop Wine Balance workshop Papers Presented and/or Published ADVID Award Activation of Complementary Projects with Insertion into the Cluster Media Support Service for Good Agricultural Practices Services financed by shares Technical Support for Integrated Vineyard Production Support for application process preparation of agro-environmental measures Grape moth control by mating disruption Forecast potential vintage by pollen method Evaluation of grape variety and rootstock behaviour Invoiced services Viticulture Support for organic production Evaluation of water potential for irrigation needs Oenology Maturation control Portal of tannins (ADVID/AWRI) Administrative and accounting support Institutional Relations Glossary Annexes 3

4 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 2012, we continued working on the Action Plan for the period after recognising ADVID as the operator of the wine cluster from the Douro Region. We developed the anchor projects that had been identified during recognition of the cluster and developed communication and dissemination skills, strengthened networks, promoted the transfer of knowledge from the science and technology sector to wine companies and improved technical support to Members. Of all our 2012 activities, the following stand out: The seminar Climate Change in Wine Production: A Global Overview and Assessment of the Situation of the Douro Region at the Luso-American Foundation (Fundação Luso-Americana) in Lisbon, and at Porto Customhouse, on 12 and 13 April. In this seminar, findings from a study on the impact of climate change on viticulture in the RDD (Região Demarcada do Douro) were presented by Prof. Gregory Jones of the Department of Environmental Studies at Southern Oregon University (USA) in collaboration with ADVID. In addition, the effect of climate change in Portugal and Europe were presented by Prof. Pedro Miranda (Nova de Lisboa University) and Prof. João Santos (Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro University), as well as the company strategy of Sogrape Vinhos SA, which was presented by Mr. George Sandeman, and Symington Family Estates, as represented by the engineer Charles Symington. The Grapevine and Wine Institute, the Douro and Porto Wine Institute, ViniPortugal and the Luso-American Foundation joined up to support this event, in addition to the Minister of Agriculture, Sea, Environment and Spatial Planning, Prof. Assunção Cristas, who chaired the seminar opening in Lisbon. Biodiversity Week (28-31 May) included the participation of Prof. Steve Wratten (Bio-Protection Research Centre of New Zealand), Dr. Howard Thistlewood (Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre of Canada), Prof. Laura Torres and Prof. Guilhermina Marques (UTAD) and the companies Real Companhia Velha, Sogevinus Fine Wines and Duorum Vinhos, represented by Mr. Rui Soares, Mr. José Manso and Mr. José Maria Soares Franco, respectively. In addition, the "Associação Portuguesa para a Diversidade da Videira" (Portuguese Association for Grapevine Diversity) participated, as represented by Dr. António Graça. Several activities were developed as follows: Bird watching session at Quinta das Carvalhas, Pinhão "Valuation of Ecosystem Services in Viticulture" workshop, Quinta do Tedo, Tabuaço. Birds and their role in biodiversity. Example of "Black Wheatear" (Bird of the Port Wine), Quinta de Castelo Melhor, Castelo Melhor. "Biodiversity - Added Value in Wine?" institutional module in Infowine.fórum2012, Vila Real. UNESCO mission reception, as an interlocutor entity, by invitation of the Minister of Agriculture, Sea, Environment and Spatial Planning. The mission was to analyse the condition of the Douro World Heritage site and the impact of 4

5 the Foz-Tua dam. This involvement culminated with an opinion about the "Impact of Hydroelectric Foz-Tua on Wine Production", as requested by the mission head for UNESCO. Raising awareness in the Secretary of State for Rural Development on the issue of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma, which culminated with the drafting of the National Action Plan to Combat Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma by the Working Group formed for this purpose, with which ADVID became integrated. Meeting with the University of Porto in order to involve the scientific community of the largest Portuguese University in solving the winemaking problems of the Douro Region. This action resulted in a visit by 30 researchers from various colleges and research Centres from the UP in the Douro Region on 4 May and 8 October. Researchers covered issues relating to viticulture needs (mechanisation, erosion and landscape management) and oenological needs (maturity, harvest, grape-wine transfer quality, wine making and environmental management). As result, the first working theme was identified, namely, mechanisation. The ADVID 2012 award to Mr. Cincinnato Costa for his work "General phenological model to characterise the timing of flowering and veraison of Vitis vinifera L." as developed by Amber K. Parker and C. Van Leeuwen - Enita, Université de Bordeaux and I. G. de Cortázar-Atauri from the I. Chuine Fonctionelle du Centre d'ecologie et Evolutive in Montpellier. The ceremony took place at the General Assembly of 13 December 2013 at Quinta do Vallado and was attended by the honouree's granddaughter, Mrs. D. Maria Eduarda Costa Macedo, who presented the award to work coordinator Prof. van Leeuwen. We highlight two factors relevant to the development of the Viticulture of the Douro Region program from 2012: The publication of the book "A Climate Assessment for the Douro Wine Region: An Examination for the Past, Present and Future Conditions for Wine Production", which resulted from work developed within the anchor project called "Climate Changes". Knowledge transmission to RDD grapevine growers by workshops/conferences (18), training/classes (6), informational brochures (15), technical books, technical notes (1), newsletters (10) and lists of plant protection products (7). Knowledge produced and disclosed in talks/seminars and technical-scientific papers (28); A new, more functional website that provides all available information To satisfy the members' needs, the following services were implemented: Measurements of grapevine water relations, by assessing predawn leaf water potential and the Sarmento hydraulic potential; Technical support for organic viticulture as presented by 3 technicians with appropriate training and a workshop on "strategies for weed control." In short, we have taken another step to consolidate the position of ADVID as a platform for disseminating knowledge and examining issues among universities, research organisations and wine companies, which enhances 5

6 the competitiveness of the wine sector and encourages entrepreneurship and innovation. 2. CORPORATE BODIES ADVID Douro Region Wine Cluster 2012 Activity Report GENERAL ASSEMBLY PRESIDENT: VICE-PRESIDENT: MEMBER: Adriano Ramos Pinto Vinhos S.A. Represented by: João Rosas Nicolau de Almeida Niepoort (Vinhos), S.A. Represented by: José Teles Dias da Silva Rozès, S.A. Represented by: António Fernando da Cunha Saraiva AUDIT COMMITTEE PRESIDENT: MEMBER: MEMBER: Cª Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro Represented by: Pedro Silva Reis Churchill Graham, Lda. Represented by: John Graham Manuel Maria Gonçalves Mota BOARD PRESIDENT: MEMBER: MEMBER: MEMBER: MEMBER: Sogevinus Fine Wines SA Represented by: José Manuel Castro, Silva Meneres Manso Sogrape Vinhos SA Represented by: António da Rocha Graça W & J Graham & CO SA Represented by: Carlos Alberto Soares Caldeira Quinta do Vallado - Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. (Agricultural Society) Represented by: Francisco Spratley Ferreira Duorum Vinhos S.A* Represented by: José Luís Moreira da Silva * In a board meeting on 13 December, 2012, the inclusion of Associate Duorum Vinhos S.A. as a member of the Board, as represented by Dr. José Luís Moreira da Silva, was unanimously approved by cooptation among peers (based on paragraph 4 of Article #10 of the articles of association), to replace associate Lemos & Van Zeller.* 6

7 3. AFFILIATES ACTIVE MEMBERS Quinta do Sairrão, Sociedade Agrícola, S.A. Quinta do Vallado - Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. Adriano Ramos Pinto - Vinhos, S.A. Quinta dos Avidagos, Lda. C.ª Geral da Agricultura das Vinhas do Alto Douro Quinta Geração Vinhos, Lda. Churchill Graham, Lda. Quinta Nova de Nossa Senhora do Carmo, S.A. Niepoort (Vinhos), S.A. Rumo, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. Quinta do Noval - Vinhos, S.A. Sapec Agro, S.A. Rozès, S.A. Saraiva & Filhos, Lda. Sociedade Vinícola Terras de Valdigem, S.A. Silva & Cosens, Lda. Sogevinus Fine Wines, S.A. Sinergiae - Ambiente, Lda. Sogrape Vinhos, S.A. Sociedade Agrícola da Quinta do Alvito, Lda. W. & J. Graham, Ca. Sociedade Agrícola da Quinta do Vale de Malhadas, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola da Quinta do Vesúvio, Lda. COLLECTIVE MEMBERS Sociedade Agrícola de Vila Velha, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola dos Canais, Lda. A. Monteiro & Pôncio, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola José Mesquita Guimarães, Lda. Bayer CropScience Portugal, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola Quinta da Sequeira Nova, Lda. Beloxisto - Turismo Rural e Agricultura, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola Quinta da Teixeira Velha, Lda. Biosani - Agricultura Biológica e Protecção Integrada, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola Quinta do Beato, Lda. Cabanas - Sociedade Vitivinícola, Lda. Sociedade Agrícola Quinta do Todão, Lda. Casa Agrícola Horta Osório, S.A. Sociedade Agrícola Quinta Seara D'Ordens, Lda. Casa de Vilarelhos, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. Sociedade Agroturistica da Casa dos Barros, Lda. Cockburn & Ca., S.A. Sogevinus Quintas, S.A. Coimbra de Mattos, Lda. Symington Vinhos, S.A. Duorum Vinhos, S.A. Syngenta Crop Protection, Lda. E.I. Empreendimentos e Investimentos Agrícolas do Douro, S.A. VCC, Unipessoal, Lda. Esmero Sociedade de Vinhos, Lda. Veredas do Douro - Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. F. Albuquerque e Filhos - Sociedade Agrícola, S.A. Warre & Companhia, SA. F. Olazabal & Filhos, Lda. Wine & Soul, Lda. Fundação da Casa de Mateus In Vino, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. INDIVIDUALS João Brito e Cunha, Lda. João Nicolau de Almeida & Filhos, Lda. Afonso do Vale Coelho Pereira Cabral, Herdeiros José Maria Pires Qta. Vale de Locaia, Soc. Unipessoal, Lda. Alfredo Fernandes Teixeira Constantino, Cabeça de Casal da Herança de José Viseu Carvalho & Filhos, Lda. Álvaro Martinho Dias Lopes Lemos & Van Zeller, Lda. Ana Maria Lencastre Sousa Soares Freitas Montez Champalimaud, Lda. Ana Paula Moreira Filipe de Castro Néctar da Sabedoria - Vinhos e Enoturismo, Lda. Ana Rita Forjaz Teixeira Leal Fráguas Pacheco & Irmãos, Lda. André Correia Cigarro Brás Pagamo Meco, S.A. Antónia Maria Ponce Leão Bettencourt Mesquita de Araújo Prats & Symington, Lda. António Caetano Sousa Faria Girão Quinta da Carvalhosa, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. António Carlos Sobral Pinto Ribeiro Quinta da Jusã - Soc. Imobiliária e Turística, S.A. António da Cunha Carvalho Quinta da Rosa - Vinhos, S.A. António dos Santos Cigarro, Cabeça de Casal da Herança de Quinta da Foz do Pinhão - Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. António José Silva Fonseca Gonçalves Mendes Quinta do Grifo - Sociedade Agrícola, S.A. António Manuel da Costa Lima Acciaiuoli Dória Quinta da Xandica - Sociedade Unipessoal, Lda. António Manuel Rodrigues de Queiróz Quinta das Apegadas, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. António Manuel Vicente Almeida Quinta de D. Matilde - Vinhos, Lda. António Manuel Vilhena Andrêz Quinta do Crasto, S.A. António Rodrigues de Carvalho Quinta do Infantado, Vinhos do Produtor, Lda. Armando Filipe Lacerda Queirós Quinta do Osório, Lda. Arnaldo Hibon de Campos Quinta do Passadouro, Sociedade Agrícola, Lda. Artur Luís Vinhal Graça Guimarães Serôdio 7

8 Quinta do Pessegueiro - Sociedade Agrícola e Comercial, Lda. Quinta do Querindelo, Lda. INDIVIDUALS (continuation) Carlos Alberto Sousa Sampaio Magalhães César Augusto Correia de Sequeira Charles Andrew Nunes Symington Domingos Guilhermino dos Reis Alves de Sousa Eduardo Francisco Bessa da Costa Seixas Eunice Luís Silva Fonseca Gonçalves Mendes Fernando de Sousa Botelho Albuquerque Francisco Júlio Marinho Oliveira Passos Inês Sofia Gomes de Sousa Botelho Albuquerque Isabel Maria da Costa Fevereiro João Baptista de Castro Girão de Azeredo Leme João Henrique Pereira da Silva e Sousa Pessanha Martins Moreira João Manuel Araújo dos Santos João Pereira Rebelo Joaquim Norberto Campos Rodrigues dos Santos John Andrew Douglas Symington Jorge Bernardo Lacerda de Queirós Jorge Botelho Elias Jorge Rosas Vinhos Unipessoal, Lda. José Agostinho Fernandes Lacerda José Alberto Pinto de Azevedo José António Teixeira Martins José Arnaldo Coutinho José Carlos de Morais Calheiros Cruz, Herdeiros José Correia Barrigas de Azevedo José Luís Matos Rodrigues de Figueiredo José Manuel Morais Barata José Maria Ramos, Herdeiros José Ramos da Fonseca Laura Maria Osório de Meneses Braga Coutinho Albuquerque Nápoles Laura Maria Valente Barreto Nogueira Regueiro Luís Baptista Pinto de Figueiredo, Cabeça de Casal Macário de Castro da Fonseca Pereira Coutinho Manuel Cândido Pinto de Oliveira Manuel da Costa Pinto Hespanhol Manuel Fernandes Lebres Manuel Joaquim Freire D'Almeida Gouveia Manuel Mouzinho de Albuquerque de Mascarenhas Gaivão Maria Adelaide Pinto dos Santos Maria Alcina Fortes de Carvalho Maria Amélia Branco Xavier de Araújo Maria Amélia Cyrne Correia Pacheco Lobato Faria Maria Antónia de Nazaret Bernardo Azevedo Narciso Maria Beirão Costa Pinto Almeida Silva Maria Celina Gomes Parente do Patrocínio Maria da Graça Almeida Ferreira de Sousa Pizarro Maria da Graça Lacerda de Queirós Maria de Fátima Pimentel Teixeira Correia Tavares de Figueiroa Rego Maria Emília Miranda de Sousa Leite Lobo D'Ávila Maria Etelvina Ferreira Trigo Pereira Carneiro Maria Henriqueta Janeiro Pinto da Silva Maria Isabel Junqueiro Sarmento Gomes Mota Bernardo Maria Freire Albuquerque Nápoles de Carvalho Bertilde Botelho Elias Maria Luísa da Graça Paulo Ferreira da Rocha Maria Manuela Matos Silva Fonseca Maria Manuela Pizarro Montenegro Seixas Fego Maria Manuela Vasques Osório de Amorim Maria Natália Lameirão Monteiro de González Maria Paula Carmona de Abreu de Azeredo Malheiro Girão Maria Virgínia Borges Gonçalves Costa Mendes Mário Joaquim da Rocha Braga, Herdeiros Natália Neusa Correia Cigarro Miranda Brás Paul Douglas Symington Pedro Pinto da Cunha Rola Peter Ronald Symington Pompeu Barros Viseu Pôncio Martins Ribeiro Tomás Guedes de Almeida Holtreman Roquette Vicent Bouchard HONORARY MEMBERS Acácio Manuel Poças Maia Alexandre José Pina de Carvalho António Rocha Pinto António de Vasconcelos Maia António J. Albuquerque de Oliveira Quinta António J.S. de Oliveira Bessa António Jorge Ferreira Filipe Charles Andrew Nunes Symington Christian Seely Cristiano José Seabra Van Zeller Fernando Bianchi de Aguiar Fernando Luís Van Zeller Francisco Barata Tovar George T.D. Sandeman João Manuel M. de Almeida Barros João Pedro Larangeiro Ramalho John Gordon Guimarães José Alfredo Pinto Gaspar José Manuel Froés Burguete de Sousa Soares José Maria d Orey Soares Franco Manuel Ângelo Oliveira de Almeida Barros Miguel Côrte-Real da Silva Gomes Nuno d Orey Cancela de Abreu Nuno Pizarro Magalhães Pedro Miguel Cunha de Sá Peter Ronald Symington 8

9 4. OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGY The three-year-old wine cluster of the Douro Region has the mission of streamlining and consolidating the wine production in the Douro region through a technological and sustainable strategy applied to their stakeholders, whose vision points to an "environmental, economic and socially sustainable sector, excited by a culture of network cooperation to reduce threats and optimise opportunities". To pursue the mission, Cluster Wines of RDD presents the following strategic objectives: Increase the number of associates and, consequently, the resources to develop and boost the Cluster; Promote and increase investment in R&D and company innovation through action projects to add value to grapevine-wine activities; Increase the level of technical and economical skills for the sector as a competitive advantage for the companies in Portugal and worldwide; Optimise, increase and transmit knowledge within the region as a way to improve viticultural practices, increasing the value of local human capital; Development of methods to favour the operating efficiency of grapevine-wine production; Raising public and private funding for the Region; Establish platforms of scientific knowledge and support initiatives for economic agents to innovate processes and products; Creation of services to support companies. To meet these goals, a set of initiatives was defined and integrated into an action plan focusing on the innovation, qualification and modernisation of companies in the sector, which will encourage the emergence of agglomeration economies through cooperation and networking. The action plan has a mobilising nature that potentially generates positive externalities for the cluster agents and the wine and grapevine goals include: Anchor Projects and Strategic Lines of Development, with a high degree of partner participation, both from the consortia and groups with common interests; Complementary Projects, intended for individual actions or companies in cooperation, for which incentive lines are available with positive outcomes for integrated actions within the cluster objectives; Webcasts of meetings and workshops with cluster partners and counterparts. Encouragement of Communication and Transmission of Knowledge through the production of support material, training, workshops, seminars, colloquia and participation in events to promote the works. 9

10 To monitor and evaluate the achievement of objectives, targets and indicators were defined, and the 2012 results are shown in the tables below. Table 1 Indicators and respective targets defined for 2012 Result indicators Unit Expected Achieved Variation in the number of affiliates % Training actions and promotion events Number Dissemination of technical information and publications available to public domain Number Hours spent on technical training Number Technical services provided by the Association Number 10 7 Reference parcels on ADVID network Number New production processes developed Number 8 7 Preservation of grape genetic variability grape varieties Funded R&D performed Number Projects with intervention of SCT entities Number 15 9 Increased spending on R&D by the cluster % 20 - Increased number of ADVID researchers and main partners Number 5 4 Participation in international R&D programs Number of projects 3 4 Projects approved with public funding Number Impact indicators Unit Expected Achieved Environmental awareness actions Number Increase RDD attractiveness Number of visitors % 5 - Increased RDD exports % Change in income (increased turnover) % Reduction of production costs % 5 - Production units subject to modernisation Number 500 >500 Creating skilled jobs - Level IV or higher Number 10 4 Variation in workforce skill levels % Number of companies that changed from SMEs to large companies Number - - Demonstration sessions and dissemination of results Number Technical information disseminated and publications placed in the public domain Number Projects with dissemination at national-international levels Number 6 11 For some indicators, the targets achieved at the end of three CEE Cluster Wines of the Douro Region years fell short compared to the forecasts, namely: Variation in the number of affiliates Technical services provided by the Association 10

11 New production processes developed Funded R&D performed Projects with SCT entity intervention Participation in international R&D programs Projects approved with public funding Creating skilled jobs - Level IV or higher Variation in workforce skill levels With respect to the negative variation in the number of affiliates, the reason is essentially related to a reduction in the number of individual members. However, there was an increase in the value generated by quotas due to a significant increase in the number of collective members, as shown in graph I Individual members Collective members Effective members Fixed shares ( 000) 106,44 123,84 128,52 111,48 113,76 104,16 102,60 105,24 107,46 118,34 113,22 Variable shares ( 000) 202,77 219,18 237,76 234,23 206,61 174,57 140,14 108,02 118,43 124,41 116,97 Total shares ( 000) 309,21 343,02 366,28 345,71 320,37 278,73 242,74 213,26 225,89 242,75 230,19 Graph 1 Evolution of Affiliation Structure 2012 With respect to other indicators, deviation occurred as a consequence of the current situation and lack of tender for public financing for the Strategic Lines of Development (anchor projects), which has implications for the various planned activities. We choose not to consider the indicators Increased spending on R&D in the Cluster, Increase the RDD attractiveness Number of visitors, Reduction of production costs or Number of companies that changed from SMEs to large companies because of the difficulty in obtaining accurate figures to measure these indicators and 11

12 also because of the current situation. 5. OPERATING RESOURCES 5.1. Human Resources The ADVID team is made up of one General Director, one Technical Director, 6 technicians and one manager. Two IEFP trainees were hired in addition to one technician in order to support the projects, and one trainee was hired by the Maximising Ecosystem Services and Biodivine projects, respectively Financial Resources Effective members Collective members Individual members Fixed shares ('000 ) Variable shares ('000 ) Total shares ('000 ) Material Resources Material Number Laptops 10 Desktops 3 Notebooks 1 GPS 1 Multifunction Printer / Fax 2 Colour Ink Jet Printer 1 Multifunction Copier 1 Multimedia Projector 1 Camera 3 Cars 5 Spectral Radiometer 1 Pressure chamber 4 Centrifuge 1 Titrator 1 Blender 2 Potentiometer 1 UV / Vis spectrophotometer 1 Glass washer 1 Benchtop refractometer 1 Pocket refractometer (portable) 1 Deionizer 1 12

13 Material Number Surveillance cameras 9 Soil moisture probes 2 RAC 1 Server 1 Data loggers 4 Climate control 5 Binocular magnifying lens 2 Magnifying lens 1 Stove 1 Microvinification vats 10 Minipress 1 6. RESEARCH AND EXPERIMENTAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES (R&D) 6.1. Anchor Projects Climate Changes The development of this anchor project was based on three complementary actions: Evaluation of the climate of the Douro Region by analysing the past, present and future climate behaviour to produce wine as well as by using the definitions of efficient adaptation and by forecasting strategy influences on wine quality. These actions, which were promoted and sponsored by the Douro Region Wine Cluster, have integrated various important players from the ClimeVineSafe projects, who had the task of developing short-term measures to mitigate the effects of climate change and support the Evolution Modelling of Wine Quality in the RDD project Impact of Climate Change on Viticulture in the Douro Region To carry out this anchor project component dedicated to understanding the climate in the Douro Region, the ADVID collaborated with prestigious American scientist Professor. Dr. Gregory Jones (Southern Oregon University), an expert on the effects of climate change on viticulture. The work consisted in the analysis, stabilisation and credibility of existing climate databases and structuring new approaches to interpret the regional climate, contributing to a better understanding, which is an essential condition for projecting future scenarios. The main 2012 results of this collaboration were the following activities: Conclusion of tasks contracted in collaboration with Professor Gregory Jones (Southern Oregon University, Oregon USA), relative to the component "Climate Assessment in the Douro Region" as well as the support for complementary studies on atmospheric circulation effects in the development of grapevine and local production, support for the development and calibration of a reference index (benchmark) to the vintage quality, product development to improve the spatial resolution of climate data for the region and the 13

14 development and calibration of a zoning model for local production variability and phenology mapping of the Douro Region. Project result publication in the book "A Climate Assessment for the Douro Wine Region: An Examination for the Past, Present and Future Conditions for Wine Production", ADVID, 98 pages. Presentation of the main results in the seminar "Alterações Climáticas na Produção de Vinho. Visão global e avaliação da situação na Região do Douro [Climate Change in Wine Production. Global Overview and assessment of the situation of the Douro Region]" at the Luso-American Foundation in Lisbon, and at Porto Customhouse, on 12 and 13 April. Publication of the work "Impacts of Climate Change on Wine Production: A Global Overview and Regional Assessment in the Douro Valley of Portugal" in the International Journal on Global Warming (IJGW). Gregory V. Jones and Fernando Alves, Vol. 4, No. 3/4, Participation in the IX Congrés International Terroirs Vitivinicoles, on 25 and 29 June at Dijon (Burgundy) and Reims (Champagne), with analysis and characterisation of climate conditions on Portuguese vines presented in "Spatial analysis of climate in wine grape growing regions in Portugal". Compilation and structure of phenological information to develop phenological mapping of the main RDD grapes and climate influence on the definition of different vegetative cycle phases Short-term strategies for climate change mitigation in viticulture (ClimeVINE Safe) Preparation of field tests, choice of plots and procedures to deploy in order to investigate the behaviour both in pots and in commercial grapevine situations. Launch and selection process for a FCT scholarship to support experimental trials and data collection for the project. Conducting field tests in plots at Touriga Nacional and Touriga Franca, Quinta do Vallado. Preparing scenarios for the RDD together with earlier simulations of climate change by using high-resolution Ensemble downscaling. As a result of this work, the following study was concluded: "Ensemble projections for wine production in the Douro Valley of Portugal". J. A. Santos & S. D. Grätsch & M. K. Karremann & G. V. Jones & J. G. Pinto. Journal Climatic Change. Online Publication on 13 July In addition to project development, the following work was prepared and submitted for publication in the journal Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment: "Very high resolution bioclimatic zoning of Portuguese wine regions: present and future scenarios" Fraga, H.; Malheiro, A. C.; Moutinho-Pereira, J.; Jones, G. V.; Alves, F.; Pinto, J. G. 4,5; Santos, J. A. 14

15 Modelling the Evolution of RDD Wine Quality Supporting benchmark development to assess the quality of the harvest was achieved with the participation of Professor Gregory Jones by following the collaboration agreement with ADVID. Following the activity in question, the following work was prepared: Progress report of the PhD project (FEUP): "Modelação da qualidade do vinho na Região do Douro [Modelling the quality of the wine in the Douro Region]". A new method to obtain a consensus ranking of a region s vintages' quality. José Borges, António C. Real, J. Sarsfield Cabral and Gregory V. Jones. Published in the Journal of Wine Economics, Volume 7, Issue 01, May The XIX Prova Anual de Vinhos de Vindima (XIX Annual Vintage Wine Tasting) on 15, 18, 22 and 23 May 2012, at the Escola Superior de Biotecnologia (ESB) (School of Biotechnology), Porto. Sixty-six wines were tasted, 31 were "generous" and 35 fit in the Douro region. 15

16 Fig. 1 - Distribution of the tasted samples, by type of wine and grape variety. (QM - Mean quality; QR - Representative Quality; TR Tinta Roriz, TN Touriga Nacional, TF Touriga Franca, TA Tinta Amarela, SO Sousão, TC Tinto Cão Management of grapevine water and heat stress This project aimed to explore the effects of different water regimes on the viticultural and oenological behaviour of the Touriga Nacional grape variety. This project started in 2012, and the Quinta dos Aciprestes, Quinta do Noval and Quintas da Canameira e Grifo were used as reference plots in the high Douro region. With the extension of the spatial monitoring of grapevine water status for the high Douro region, we sought to assess the basis for services development for members, which started in Three farms have acceded to this process (see Point 8 - Services). In brief, the objectives and work performed were completed in the Quinta dos Aciprestes (Soutelo do Douro). In this experiment, the vine water status had been monitored since 2002 and was subject to three drop-by-drop irrigation depths (0%, 30% and 60% of ETc - Corrected Potential Evapotranspiration). Predawn leaf water potential follow-up was made between June and the end of September. We observed the maturation evolution through the analysis and summary of the phenolic components. The productive parameter behaviour of the different modalities was observed in grapevines. This project included the work "Influence of climate and deficit irrigation on grapevine physiology, yield and quality attributes of the cv Touriga Nacional at Douro Region" presented at the IX Congrés International Terroirs Vitivinicoles (Dijon/Reims, France). Predawn leaf water potentialѱ pd (MPa) 15/6 22/6 29/6 6/7 13/7 20/7 27/7 3/8 10/8 17/8 24/8 31/8 7/9 14/9 21/9 0,0-0,2-0,4-0,6-0,8-1,0-1,2-1, Fig. 2 Evolution of the predawn leaf water potential values ( ) in the reference plot at Soutelo do Douro (T. Nacional x ), values of non-watered repetitions (n = 24) 16

17 Quinta do Noval (Pinhão) In this test plot, which was installed in a vineyard organised into micro levels in rows, two modes (0% and 30% of the ETc) with three replications were investigated. The irrigation amount was lower than those of the other test sites because there was a smaller need for watering as identified by monitoring and the observation of predawn leaf water potential. We evaluated productive and qualitative parameters, and prepared a report on the results of the study at Quinta do Noval. Quinta da Canameira / Grifo (Barca d Alva) To investigate the response of the Touriga Nacional and Touriga Franca varieties in an environment with more water-stress, new observation plots were defined in 2011 in the high Douro for monitoring the predawn leaf water potential, maturation and production. In 2012, we continued observing the evolution of predawn water potential and the response of productive and qualitative parameters in terms of water stress in a study predefined by ETPc and monitored by the predawn water potential. Result reports were made and discussed with the Rozès Vinhos SA Eligible areas of grapevine crop potential The preparation and development of contacts and meetings with partners and companies with expertise in the area of remote sensing were carried out to support zoning processes and precision viticulture. The mapping of spatial analysis for physiographic parameters of the region were developed to classify the plots. Preparatory work for the implementation of a web mapping platform (transfer of information) was done to support the quality potential management of the vineyards Functional Biodiversity in Viticulture Increasing functional biodiversity in vineyards (value creation) was accomplished, which valued the establishment of ecological corridors and reduced pesticide inputs. The anchor project "Functional Biodiversity in Viticulture" is supported by three projects sponsored by different financing sources, namely "The green infrastructure in conservation biological protection against pests in the vineyard - IEE", "ECOVITIS - Maximising ecosystem services in the grapevine business," and "BioDiVine - Demonstration of functional biodiversity in the landscape". We will summarise the main 2012 achievements. These actions converge to one main goal as follows: to promote the maintenance of productive agricultural system sustainability and create value through ecosystem services. Today, the actions expected for the IEE project are part of the ECOVITIS project. 17

18 BIODIVINE (Demonstration of functional biodiversity in landscape wine - LIFE +) Monitoring Actions Monitoring arthropods The sampling location was changed; during the first year, it was located in five distinct habitats, and in the second year, it was a grapevine habitat assessment according to the composition of the landscape. For this study, the 25 sampling points were located at a distance of 1 km to permit the analysis of a buffer per sampling point of 500 m, for a total of 2000 hectares for an analysis of the landscape composition associated with the sampling point. Similar to the experiments from 2011, arthropods were monitored by using combination traps (to catch flying arthropods) and pitfall traps (for capturing terrestrial arthropods) from 25 plots located in the Cima Corgo sub region (RDD). The captured material was classified by RBA method, recorded, photographed (to create a photo library) and saved. This work was performed by the Master's student Nathan Pigeon and resulted in the preparation of his thesis, which was disclosed to members. Monitoring flora Organisation of the flora monitoring protocol and training of the Master's student, who was responsible for surveys intended for all European partners. In each of the 25 sites, flora surveys were conducted during the month of March by a Master's student who was hired for the project and developed a thesis called "Characterisation of the flora from six vineyards of Europe" on the basis of a vegetation cover comparison observed at six project demonstration sites, which includes the Douro. This work was performed by the MSc student Miren Pédehontaa, resulting in the preparation of her thesis, which was also disclosed to members. Monitoring bird life During the month of October, bird monitoring was conducted in each of the 25 plots under observation by the Laboratory of Applied Ecology team of UTAD, which was hired by ADVID for this purpose. This monitoring included visual observations and listening to the birds present in the vineyard ecosystem for approximately 10 minutes per site. Forty species of birds were observed in the vineyards, among which we highlight the following in order of decreasing abundance: the European robin, the blackbird, the warbler, the European serin, the great tit, the starling, the redstart and finches. Monitoring invertebrate biodiversity in soil 18

19 Ground cover plays an important role in soil protection (e.g., through the reduction of erosion, promotion of organic matter and filtration of water resources), and it provides other ecosystem services such as the biological control of pests and diseases, soil aeration and soil nutrient recycling. To monitor the biological activity of soil (presence of invertebrates), two portions were delimited at the top, one with and one without cover crops located in proximity to one another at Quinta do Seixo. For the monitoring, we used the easy "bait-blades" tool, which was made from a plastic stick with 16 holes containing cellulose powder plus bran and activated charcoal flakes, which, when eaten by soil invertebrates, provided an indication of biological activity in the soil. Within a given time interval, the more holes that were empty, the more bio-active the soil was. The soil analysis (routine and microbial biomass) has not yet been completed for result interpretation. Monitoring mammals The BioDivine project aims to monitor mammals in the grapevine ecosystem by using infrared (IR) cameras located along the border area in three habitats of the study (1 - riparian gallery, 2 woods, 3 - olive/vineyards with cover crops). The impact of the presence of such infrastructure in the vineyard proximity was evaluated. At the end of the first 12 weeks of monitoring, between December 2012 and February 2013, a brief assessment of collected material was done with short films recorded when mammals crossed the area by using IR cameras. In descending order of frequency records, we highlight the presence of the following mammals: 1 st rabbit (164 records), 2 nd fox (68 records), 3 rd boar (29 records), 4 th mouse (20 records), 5 th ferret (6 records) and 6 th hedgehog (4 records). We found that all three habitats located in the monitored vineyards captured a large number of videos. The highest frequency of records was observed in one of the olive tree orchards with ground cover, most likely because this orchard is connected to a large wooded area. Implementation of conservation actions Demonstration actions were prepared (in relation to ground cover, redefinition of headlands, hedge installation and mating disruption for grape moths). In December 2012, ADVID launched a bid for its members to take advantage of funding (50%) to implement 5 conservation actions for the promotion of ecosystem services: C1-ground cover, C2-installation of hedges, C3- promoting biodiversity, C4-use of non-chemical control methods (pheromones for mating disruption), C5- reorganisation of headlands. Three of these five actions were adopted to a greater extent by members, namely the C1-ground cover (expected 12.5 hectares of green cover), C2-installation of hedges (planned to install 2600 metres of hedgerows) and C4-use of non-chemical control methods (planned to install 22 hectares of pheromones). Two of these actions are to be implemented in the spring of 2013 (C2 and C4). 19

20 Dissemination of actions Development of the project webpage available at At the Conference OILB "Landscape management for functional biodiversity" held on 7 and 10 May 2012 in Lleida (Spain), the paper Monitoring arthropod diversity in Douro wine region vineyards was presented. Measures to disseminate the preliminary results on 3 September and 25 October for ADVID members. Workshop "Instalação de sebes no ecossistema vitícola" (Installation of hedgerows in the grapevine ecosystem), 29 October, Pinhão. Management and monitoring meeting in Villafranca de Penedes (Catalonia - Spain) on 10 and 11 May. Follow-up and project management meeting in Limoux (France) on 17 and 18 October EcoVitis - Maximising ecosystem services in viticulture Monitoring the impact of ecological infrastructures with chromotropic traps To assess the impact of woods on the presence of arthropods in the vineyard and thereby explain its importance in the infrastructure of the project, we placed yellow sticky traps in two plots of Quinta das Carvalhas and in one plot of Quinta de Arnozelo in early May. In the Quinta das Carvalhas plots, there were three modes, each of which had four replicates (i.e., traps), according to how distant they were from the woods: 0, 25 m and 50 m. In the Quinta do Arnozelo, the same distances were used although only one trap was set at 0 m as a consequence of logistical issues. Three traps were set at each of the other two distances. The traps were observed weekly for a total of 24 weeks to record the captured arthropods. These arthropods totalled 13,286 individuals, which were distributed along the different distances/replicates that were screened to identify their order or, when possible, their family. We also separated them by trophic groups, i.e., parasitoids, predators, phytophagous and unknown, as we proceeded with the material sampled in Impact assessment of ecological infrastructure in the presence of grape moth parasitoids At two different time intervals (May-June and September-October), which represents the 1 st and 3 rd generations of the grape moth, and in various locations of the farms that comprise the project, caterpillars were collected to be grown under lab conditions in order to obtain parasitoids and evaluate their importance. Collection was not made during the 2 nd generation because of their low incidence during that year of analysis. In total, 743 moth specimens were collected, of which 41.7% were parasitised. A total of 91.4% of the parasitoids were Elachertus affinis. The remaining specimens were sent to the Natural History Museum of Paris to be identified by entomologist Dr. Claire 20