Kontrollrum 2014 Standardisering kring Ergonomisk design i kontrollrum

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1 Kontrollrum 2014 Standardisering kring Ergonomisk design i kontrollrum Björn Nilsson, Swedish Standards Institute - SIS bjorn.nilsson@sis.se

2 Swedish Standards Institute - SIS SIS är en medlemsägd och ideell förening Cirka medlemmar Cirka 150 anställda Utsedd som Sveriges standardiseringsorgan Cirka 340 aktiva standardiseringskommittéer inom olika områden Cirka tekniska experter Omsättning ca 200 MSEK 10% 40% 50% Statsanslag Projekt- och medlemsavgifter Försäljning av standarder 2

3 Standardisering Att frivilligt och i samförstånd ta fram gemensamma lösningar på ofta återkommande problem. Varför delta i standardisering? Öka konkurrenskraften Nätverk Påverka Få och agera på information på tidigt stadium Höj kompetensen Öka samhällsnyttan

4 Hur är standardiseringen organiserad? Globalt Nationellt Europa International Organization for Standardization Technical Committees (TC) with Working Groups (WG) SIS Tekniska kommittéer (TK) med Arbetsgrupper (AG) European Committee for Standardization Technical Committees (TC) with Working Groups (WG)

5 SIS/Tekniska kommitté 380 Ergonomi Arbetsgrupp 1 - Belastningsergonomi Arbetsgrupp 2 - Ergonomi vid människa-system interaktion Standarder inom människa-system interaktion innefattar exempelvis användarscentrerade utvecklingsprocesser, dator-/terminalarbete, programvaruergonomi, dialogprinciper, kontrollrum och multimedia. Arbetsgrupp 3 - Belysning

6 Deltagare ABB Arbetsmiljöverket Handikappförbunden IHT Institutet För Human Teknologi Karolinska Institutet Sektionen för arbetsterapi NVS Konsumentverket / KO KTH Landsorganisationen i Sverige LO Lunds Tekniska Högskola Inst f designvetenskaper Myndigheten för handikappolitisk Samordning Saab AB Sveriges Konsumenter Trafikverket Uppsala universitet

7 ISO 1 Ergonomics of human-system interaction 2 WG 1 - Fundamentals of controls and signalling methods WG 2 - Visual display requirements WG 3 - Controls, workplace and environmental requirements WG 5 - Software ergonomics and human-computer dialogues WG 6 - Human centred design processes for interactive systems WG 8 - Ergonomic design of control centres WG 9 - Tactile and haptic interactions WG 10 - Accessible design for consumer products WG 11 - Ease of operation of everyday products WG 12 - Image Safety WG 28 - Joint between ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7 and ISO/TC 159/SC4 1 ISO/Technical committee 159 Ergonomics 2 ISO/Technical committee 159 Ergonomics/Sub committee 4 Ergonomics of human-system interaction

8 ISO - Ergonomics of human-system interaction Ergonomics standardisation of the interaction between systems (often computer based) and the people who use and operate them as well as those who develop, manufacture, evaluate, install and maintain them. Areas of standardisation include hardware ergonomics (including input, display and interactive devices and associated workplaces and environments), software ergonomics (including dialogue and interaction design) and human centred design processes and methods (including usability engineering and participative design methods) as well as accessibility.

9 Standardserien för Ergonomic design of control centres samtliga är svenska standarder Beteckning Titel SS-EN ISO :2000 SS-EN ISO :2000 SS-EN ISO :1999 SS-EN ISO :2013 SS-EN ISO :2008 SS-EN ISO :2005 SS-EN ISO :2006 Part 1: Principles for the design of control centres Part 2: Principles for the arrangement of control suites Part 3: Control room layout Part 4: Layout and dimensions of workstations Part 5: Displays and controls Part 6: Environmental requirements for control centres Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of control centres

10 Part 1: Principles for the design of control centres The job of the operator can at times be very demanding. The consequences resulting from inappropriate operator action in control rooms, such as acts of omission, commission, timing, sequence and so on, can be potentially disastrous. Accordingly, this part of ISO has been prepared to set up a generic framework for applying requirements and recommendations relating to ergonomic and human factors in designing and evaluating control centres with the view to eliminating or minimizing the potential for human errors. It covers all types of control centres typically employed for process industries, transportation and logistic control systems and people deployment services. Although this part of is primarily intended for non-mobile control centres, many of the principles specified in this document could be applicable to mobile control centres, such as those found on ships and aircraft. Mer information här.

11 Part 2: Principles for the arrangement of control suites This part of covers ergonomic design principles for control centres and, more specifically, the various arrangements of rooms and spaces in a control suite. They include identifying functional areas, estimating the space provisions for each functional area, determining operational links between functional areas and developing preliminary layouts for the control suite to facilitate the transition between all the activities conducted in the control suite. The main beneficiaries of this part of ISO are the operators and other users in the control suite. It is the needs of these users that provide the ergonomic requirements used by the International Standard developers Mer information här.

12 Part 3: Control room layout This part of establishes ergonomic principles for the layout of control rooms. It includes requirements, recommendations and guidelines on control room layouts, workstation arrangements, the use of off-workstation visual displays and control room maintenance. User requirements are a central theme of this part of ISO and the processes described are designed to take account of needs of users at all stages. It covers all types of control centres, including those for the process industry, transport and dispatching systems in the emergency services. Although this part of is primarily intended for non-mobile control centres, many of the principles could be relevant/applicable to mobile centres, such as those found on ships and aircraft. Mer information här.

13 Part 4: Layout and dimensions of workstations This part of specifies ergonomic principles, recommendations and requirements for the design of workstations found in control centres. It covers control workstation design with particular emphasis on layout and dimensions. It is applicable primarily to seated, visual-display-based workstations, although control workstations at which operators stand are also addressed. These different types of control workstation are to be found in applications such as transportation control, process control and security installations. Most of these workstations now incorporate flat-display screens for the presentation of information. Mer information här.

14 Part 5: Displays and controls This part of ISO presents principles and processes to be adopted when designing the human-system interface of a control centre. These interface considerations are relevant for operators, supervisors and maintainers of systems. It is intended for use by individuals such as project managers, purchasers, systems designers, specifiers and those developing operator interfaces. The purpose of this part of ISO is to maximize the safe, reliable, efficient and comfortable use of displays and controls in control centre applications. To this end, rules and recommendations based upon ergonomic findings are established for: selecting the appropriate display and control types, structuring and presenting information on screens and shared off-workstation displays, and establishing control and dialogue procedures. Mer information här.

15 Part 6: Environmental requirements for control centres The environmental aspects associated with the design of man machine systems need to be addressed, since poor environments can seriously affect operator performance. In control rooms, these environmental factors include lighting, humidity, temperature, vibration and noise. These factors also need to take account of shift work, real-time operations under time pressure and the specialized equipment used in control rooms. In this part of ISO 11064, environmental requirements are presented which optimize work conditions in such a way that safety is ensured, health is not impaired and the efficiency of control room operators is promoted. Mer information här.

16 Part 7: Principles for the evaluation of control centres This part of establishes ergonomic principles for the evaluation of control centres. It gives requirements, recommendations and guidelines on evaluation of the different elements of the control centre, i.e. control suite, control room, workstations, displays and controls, and work environment. It covers all types of control centres, including those for the process industry, transport systems and dispatching rooms in the emergency services. Although this part of is primarily intended for non-mobile control centres, many of the principles could be relevant/applicable to mobile centres, such as those found on ships and aircraft. Mer information här.

17 Standardiseringen kring Användbarhet och Tillgänglighet Areas of standardisation include and human centred design processes and methods (including usability engineering and participative design methods) as well as accessibility. Åke Walldius ska nu berätta om hur standardiseringen kring människasysteminteraktion arbetar med just Användbarhet och Tillgänglighet

18 Mer information Hemsida

19 Användbarhet och Tillgänglighet standards och några exempel på tillämpningar ISO 9241-serien Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals ISO Guidance on usability ISO Human-centred design for interactive systems FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS ISO Processes for enabling, executing and assessing human-centred design within organizations FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS Operatörens användarhistoria

20 ISO 9241 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 1: General introduction - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements - Part 3: Visual display requirements - Part 4: Keyboard requirements - Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements - Part 6: Guidance on the work environment - Part 9: Requirements for non-keyboard input devices - Part 11: Guidance on usability - Part 12: Presentation of information - Part 13: User guidance - Part 14: Menu dialogues - Part 15: Command dialogues - Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues - Part 17: Form filling dialogues

21 ISO 9241 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 110: Dialogue principles - Part 210: Human-centred design for interactive systems - Part 303: Requirements for electronic visual displays - Part 304: User performance test methods for electronic visual displays - Part 305: Optical laboratory test methods for electronic visual displays - Part 306: Field assessment methods for electronic visual - Part 410: Design criteria for physical input devices - Part 420: Selection procedures for physical input devices - Part 910: Framework for tactile and haptic interaction - Part 920: Guidance on tactile and haptic interactions

22 ISO Guidance on usability 1 (2) ISO defines usability and explains how to identify the information which is necessary to take into account when specifying or evaluating usability of a visual display terminal in terms of measures of user performance and satisfaction. Guidance is given on how to describe the context of use of the product (hardware, software or service) and the relevant measures of usability in an explicit way. The guidance is given in the form of general principles and techniques, rather than in the form of requirements to use specific methods. The guidance in ISO can be used in procurement, design, development, evaluation, and communication of information about usability.

23 ISO Guidance on usability 2 (2) 3.1 usability: Extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use. 3.2 effectiveness: Accuracy and completeness with which users achieve specified goals. 3.3 efficiency: Resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve goals. 3.4 satisfaction: Freedom from discomfort, and positive attitudes towards the use of the product. 3.5 context of use: Users, tasks, equipment (hardware, software and materials), and the physical and social environments in which a product is used.

24 ISO : Human-centred design for interactive systems 1 (3) Human-centred design is an approach to interactive systems development that aims to make systems usable and useful by focusing on the users, their needs and requirements, and by applying human factors/ergonomics, and usability knowledge and techniques. This approach enhances effectiveness and efficiency, improves human well-being, user satisfaction, accessibility and sustainability; and counteracts possible adverse effects of use on human health, safety and performance. The information (..) is intended for use by those responsible for planning and managing projects that design and develop interactive systems. (..) It also provides a framework for human factors and usability professionals involved in human-centred design.

25 ISO : Human-centred design for interactive systems 2 (3) accessibility interactive systems usability of a product, service, environment or facility by people with the widest range of capabilities. [ISO ] human-centred design approach to systems design and development that aims to make interactive systems more usable by focusing on the use of the system and applying human factors/ergonomics and usability knowledge and techniques NOTE 1 The term human-centred design is used rather than usercentred design in order to emphasize that this part of ISO 9241 also addresses impacts on a number of stakeholders, not just those typically considered as users. However, in practice, these terms are often used synonymously. NOTE 2 Usable systems can provide a number of benefits, including improved productivity, enhanced user well-being, avoidance of stress, increased accessibility and reduced risk of harm.

26 ISO : Human-centred design for interactive systems 3 (3)

27 FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS, 1 (4) K Groth, O Frykholm, M Nilsson, Å Walldius, A Lantz (KTH); J Permert, J Larson, R Segersvärd m fl (KS); , VINNOVA

28 FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS, 2 (4) K Groth, O Frykholm, M Nilsson, Å Walldius, A Lantz (KTH); J Permert, J Larson, R Segersvärd m fl (KS); , VINNOVA

29 FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS, 3 (4) Å Walldius, A Lantz; Exploring the use of design pattern maps for aligning new technical support to new clinical teem meeting routines, BIT 2011; FunkIS: K Groth, O Frykholm, M Nilsson, (KTH); J Permert, J Larson, R Segersvärd m fl (KS); , VINNOVA

30 FunkIS-projektet, GastroCentrum, KS, 4 (4) Å Walldius, A Lantz; Exploring the use of design pattern maps for aligning new technical support to new clinical teem meeting routines, BIT 2011; FunkIS: K Groth, O Frykholm, M Nilsson, (KTH); J Permert, J Larson, R Segersvärd m fl (KS); , VINNOVA

31 ISO : Processes for enabling, executing and assessing human-centred design within organizations 1 (5) The arguments for, purposes and principles of a humancentred approach and descriptions of the activities necessary to be human-centred in design are explained in ISO whereas this part of ISO 9241 describes the processes to be performed and the work products to be used accordingly. The description of work products from processes that implement the human centred approach are being documented in a series of International Standards for the Common industry format for usability-related information. ISO applies these work products and maps them to the appropriate processes. The medium used for the work products is not defined since, for example in agile development, communication is more important than documentation.

32 ISO : Processes for enabling, executing and assessing human-centred design within organizations 2 (5) The set of processes are described from the viewpoint of those responsible for the analysis, design and evaluation of the human use of interactive systems. (..) This viewpoint supports the communication with other roles in projects including product management and development by identifying the necessary efforts for ensuring that an interactive system meets those requirements related to its quality for human use (value in use). This viewpoint covers top management support for humancentred design, process management of human-centred design and the lifecycle activities necessary to achieve and sustain usable systems.

33 ISO : Processes for enabling, executing and assessing human-centred design within organizations 3 (5)

36 Common specs for each map unit (Nils-Göran Olve, UsersAward project 2009)

37 Values - Effects - Work & Software patterns - example unit specified (Funk-IS, ) Indirect stakeholders values Citizen health Direct stakeholders values Patient health Process effects multi-disciplinary participation decision quality New work patterns New software patterns Link to scientific evidence Annotate across professional borders Use shared annotation Target June 2011: 20% more scientific references in patient journals than in 2010 link to scientific evidence shared annotation devices Walldius & Lantz, Exploring the use of design pattern maps.., BIT 2011.

38 Avrundning: snabbskiss av operatörens mest angelägna användarhistoria Som kontrollrumsoperatör /... vill jag under... kunna navigera / indikera / markera temporärt / markera permanent / sudda /... med penna / fingret / mus /... på mobil / graphic tablet /... utan att behöva vänta på att andra navigerar/indikerar/markerar samtidigt / med bara kort väntetid på andras navigerande etc. /... i flera lager /... med samma precision som radiologen / med minst halva precisionen /... för att... så att...