E learning Case of study: University of Ngozi

Transcription

1 E learning Case of study: University of Ngozi Jesús Martínez Mateo Technology for Development and Cooperation (TEDECO) group Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) 2010

2 Outline Introduction Implementation Architecture: Infrastructure: Hardware, Software and Communication Adapting Contents Suitable scenarios Conclusions Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 2

3 A call for help! Dr. Hermida, I suppose? UPM is required for help! First approach: March, 2006 Destination: Universitè de Ngozi (UNG) Initial purpose: teaching and prospecting Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 3

4 Burundi Background History (last 15 years) 1962 Independence 1991 Constitution 1993 President assassinated Civil war 1994 Elected president died in a plane shot down Rwandan genocide 2001 Power sharing government 2005 New elected president Peace! Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 4

5 TEDECO(I) November 6 th, 2006 TEchnology for DEvelopment and the COoperation Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 5

6 TEDECO (II) In 2 years: 27 members directly involved! (20 of them are students) TEDECO guidelines: Look forward sustainable development ICT cooperation oriented projects Free software development Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 6

7 ICT in Developing Countries Main areas: Education (e learning) Financing Infrastructure Contents Health (e health) Governance (e governance) Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 7

8 Computer Literacy Computer literacy is not negotiable for any professional in an increasingly computerized environment Educational institutions should be equipped to provide this new basic training for modern life Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 8

9 Thin Client History Ancient History 1950s mainframes Really expensive Multitask operating systems (OS) and batch processing Serial terminals 1980s personal computer (PC), self processing Terminal emulation software New network approach Modern History 1990s graphical user interface, new OS generation (e.g. Windows) Desktop Terminal becomes Thin Client 199?s virtual network computing (VNC) the first remote desktop approach After that RDP, XDMCP,... Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 9

10 Network Architecture, Services and Protocols IMPLEMENTATION ARCHITECTURE Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 10

11 Technological Chaos Thin client technology is related to almost every fundamental of computing: hardware architecture, networks and protocols, operating systems, programming languages, (except artificial intelligent?). Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 11

12 Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 12

13 There not exist high bandwidth solutions! A Satellite Connection should be used Main problems (limitations): Bandwidth vs. Price What about sustainability? > cyber Latency Connection depends on external factors (e.g. weather) Communication Infrastructure Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 13

14 Adapting Contents Direct communication: Is it essential? Alternatives: Teleconference Is it enough? Video conference High bandwidth required! Problems with asynchronous communications Off line courses Specially interesting where there is a significant time difference Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 14

15 Remote Desktop Thin client technology is based on remote desktops. Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 15

16 Thin Client Basics: Architecture There exist two ways for setting up a computer network Distributed PCs optionally connected to a server Centralized Thin clients depending on a workstation Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 16

17 Thin Client Basics: Hardware Components A thin client includes fewer hardware components, i.e. it should be cheaper than a common PC. Thin client and terminal are usually synonymous. It is possible to use specific hardware for thin clients, common PCs, out ofdate computers, or mobile devices. In a thin client solution a server must be replaced by a workstation (it is required a graphics card in order to manage a desktop). Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 17

18 Thin Client Benefits Easy to manage and maintain Centralised set up and support: It simplifies troubleshooting, network management, monitoring Easy to secure Easy on the budget Low cost in terms of hardware, software, set up and maintenance D. Romm (2006). It pays to be thin. Library Journal, vol. 131, no. 2, pp Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 18

19 Thin Client Benefits: Cost Discount of n 0.5% per unit, where n is the number of units The use of thin clients is an interesting point from 5 workstation. Note that it is not always true, there are some preconditions A local network Price (in EUR) per unit depending on the number of PCs/thin clients PC Component Thin Client Server Price/U EUR EUR 1, EUR Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 19

20 Thin Client Benefits: Maintenance A thin client solution can be interpreted with a constant p e (only server fails) It is partially increased by the number of terminals (e.g. desktop missconfiguration) Number of hours of maintenance per week depending on the number of PCs or thin clients Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 20

21 Computer Labs For anyone leaving school computer literacy is not negotiable. Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 21

22 Adapting Contents Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 22

23 Deliberately Withheld CONCLUSIONS Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 23

24 Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Technology for Development and Cooperation (TEDECO) group Questions? THANK YOU! Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 24

25 References 1. J. Martinez Mateo, S. Munoz Hernandez, D. Perez Rey (2009), c&d learning Implementation Architecture: Adapting e learning to Developing Countries, in International Conference on Computer Supported Education (CSEDU 2009), Lisbon, Portugal, March 23 26, vol. 2, pp J. Martinez Mateo, D. Perez Rey, S. Munoz Hernandez (2010), Student Motivation and Cross Curricular Development through e Learning applied to Cooperation, in 2010 IEEE Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), Madrid, Spain, April 14 16, pp J. Martinez Mateo, S. Munoz Hernandez, D. Perez Rey (2010), A Discussion of Thin Client Technology for Computer Labs, in International Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (ICTEL 2010), Athens, Greece, July 29 31, pp Jesús Martínez Mateo Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 25