Weighing in on the Benefits of a SAS 70 Audit for Third Party Data Centers

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1 Weighing in on the Benefits of a SAS 70 Audit for Third Party Data Centers With increasing oversight and growing demands for industry regulations, third party assurance has never been under a keener eye than we live in today. From insider scandals to outside threats, the protection of corporate and personal information is the corner stone of information security compliance. Obtaining a current SAS 70 audit report can be a significant differentiator within your industry and provide value to new and current customers. Statement of Auditing Standards No. 70 (SAS 70) audits have become the global de facto standard in third party information security assurance. The passage of laws like Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) has sparked other countries to re-evaluate their own forms of SOX regulations; driving companies to enter a new realm of oversight and regulations related to third party assurance. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board provided guidance with regards to companies that are required to comply with SOX and how to evaluate the risk of outsourcing services to third party vendors. Within this guidance they indicated that a company could utilize a SAS 70 Type 2 audit to evaluate their vendor s control environments, igniting the SAS 70 era for service organizations. The demand for convenient access to information has driven companies to plug anything and everything into the internet; additionally new technologies have provided organizations a level of comfort to open up their once closed networks to remote employees and third party vendors. Increased flexibility and access to information creates new risks that need to be taken into consideration; standard operating procedures are no longer good enough, organizations need to incorporate regulations and define authorizations to ensure they maintain the level of security that existed in the pre internet world. This change in the way companies data is accessed and transmitted has propelled the SAS 70 audit to the checklist of business proposals and contract renewal requirements, failure to have a current SAS 70 audit can significantly affect potential or current business relationships. SAS 70 Compliance Current and Future Trends SAS 70 has not been the single solution for service organizations; with foreign countries forming their own compliance standards, service organizations operating internationally were required to adhere to different countries laws. Due to the varying forms of service organization reports the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) felt there was a need for a common auditing standard to address the varying differences in each country s audit requirements. As a result the IAASB created and issued the International Standard on Assurance Engagements (ISAE) 3402 Assurance Report on

2 Controls at a Service Organization on December 18, ISAE 3402 is not a means to replace country specific standards (i.e. SAS 70) but provides a reporting option to address current limitations. The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants has recently updated the SAS 70 audit to more closely align the standard with ISAE 3402; the new standard is Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements No.16 (SSAE 16) Reporting on Controls at a Service Organization and will become effective in June Visit our Blog for more information SSAE 16. Even with all of the different changes to compliance standards that companies are facing today, as we move forward and align our clients with the appropriate rules and regulations whether it s called SAS 70, ISAE 3402 or SSAE 16 these auditor reports are a marketable and accepted form of qualification for service organizations that will continue to play a vital role in obtaining and retaining customers today and for years to come. SAS 70 Audit What is it? A SAS 70 audit is performed by an independent certified public accounting firm through examining the controls and processes involved in storing, handling, and transmitting data. The successful completion of an unqualified audit illustrates an organization s ongoing commitment to create and maintain suitable controls for the protection and security of its customers confidential information. Customers of service organizations can easily incorporate the SAS 70 report in their SOX compliance programs as proof that appropriate controls are in place for outsourced services. The SAS 70 audit can also help organizations to comply with other regulations, including HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act), GLBA (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999), and ISO 27001/2. SAS 70 Audit Services SAS 70 Readiness Assessment - is a review designed for organizations preparing for their first SAS 70 audit. Organizations who have not formally evaluated their internal controls often start with a SAS 70 Readiness Assessment. SAS 70 Type 1 - provides limited assurance and reports on the design of controls as of a point in time. Organizations that have policies and procedures in place but little or no history of the policies and procedures in operation start with a SAS 70 Type 1 audit prior to undergoing the SAS 70 Type 2 audit. SAS 70 Type 2 - provides the highest level of assurance for SAS 70 audits and reports on the service organization s controls and operating effectiveness over a period of time (generally at least six months). SAS 70 Type 1 and 2 Reports SAS 70 Type 1 Report is designed to provide an overview of the service organization s description of internal controls and processes relevant to their customers. The report is helpful to gain an understanding of the controls and processes that are designed and implemented at the service organization. A SAS 70 Type 1 audit report contains an opinion and a description of relevant services under review at a point in time. What does this mean? An independent auditor provides an audit opinion on the controls in place to meet the objectives of your business services under review. SAS 70 Type 2 Report also provides a description of internal controls and processes relevant to their customers however in addition, the auditor tests these controls over a period of time to verify that the internal controls and processes are actually operating as the service organization intended. Why obtain a Type 2 report? Since your auditor provides an opinion about the operating effectiveness of controls, third parties are more likely to accept a Type 2 report verses a Type 1 report.

3 Composition of SAS 70 audit reports There are 4 possible sections of a SAS 70 audit report: Section 1 Audit Opinion: An opinion is prepared for each SAS 70 audit report to clearly explain the scope of services under review and the overall conclusion of the SAS 70 report issued. The table below illustrates the components covered in the opinion letters for both of the SAS 70 audit reports. Opinion Type 1 Report Type 2 Report (1) Whether the service organization s description of its controls Included Included presents fairly, in all material respects, the relevant aspects of the service organization s controls that had been place in operation as of a specific date. (2) Whether the controls were suitably designed to achieve Included Included specified control objectives. (3) Whether the controls that were tested were operating with Not Included Included sufficient effectiveness to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the control objectives were achieved during the period specified. Section 2 Description of Services/Controls: Includes a description of the company s services under review and a detailed list of the company s policies and procedures with regards to their service offerings. This list should include enough information for your customers to understand the value of the controls in place, but limited to protect proprietary information. Section 3 Information Provided by the Service Auditor: (Type 2 Reports only) Includes the control objectives (scope of audit), relevant implemented controls, auditor s description of controls tested and results of testing. Section 4 Other Information Provided by the Service Organization: An unaudited section of the report used for informational purposes. This section is often used to describe disaster recovering planning and other regulatory compliance procedures that do not fall within the scope of a SAS 70 audit report. What s Covered The SAS 70 covers the information system used by service organizations. The information systems are not limited to just computers and software, but any form of handling user organization s information that could affect their financial reporting. The scope of a SAS 70 audit includes procedures that cover the IT General Computing Controls (GCC) supporting your primary information systems. These controls are used in delivering services and sustaining business procedures for organizations processing financial transactions like payroll companies or electronic payment processing organizations. Details of the IT GCCs and business process procedures are as follows: An examination of IT GCCs is used to evaluate the integrity of data within information systems utilized in delivering services. This portion of the SAS 70 scope is relevant to all service providers and is the core of your SAS 70 audit. The IT GCCs review will cover the physical security, environmental security, computer operations, problem and change management, logical security and data communications. An assessment of business process procedures is used to evaluate how organizations ensure the accuracy, timeliness and completeness for processing financial transactions. This assessment is relevant for organizations like payroll providers, receivable management companies, payment processors and third party administration services. This portion of the SAS 70 scope is not relevant for organizations like software as a service, application service providers or data centers. However business process controls may be integrated in the application software such as a payroll system, retail banking system, inventory system or billing system and require some manual processes like account reconciliations.

4 SAS 70 Compliance for Data Center Facilities Data Center growth has definitely been a bull market the past few years and with increased regulations like Sarbanes Oxley, a need for better disaster recovery plans and new technologies like cloud computing data centers are a focal point for SAS 70 audits. Generally, Colocation and Managed Data Center services are the two major service offerings that are evaluated for Data Center facilities. Colocation audits are designed to provide third party assurance on the company s organizational controls, physical security over customer s equipment, protection of computer systems from environmental threats, continuous power supplies and incident support handling. Managed Data Center services normally includes the items in a Colocation audit but also requires a more in-depth look at how the service organization manages the security and infrastructure of their client s environment. This would include the management and monitoring of information systems for system reliability, handling of logical security, infrastructure change management and security around protecting customers from network traffic. The scope of the SAS 70 audit is determined by the service organization; however a well scoped audit can ensure sufficient information is provided to your user organization and communicates your stringent controls over physical security, environmental security, authorized access and continuous availability of services, which clearly demonstrates your organization s quality of services. Key Benefits Obtaining SAS 70 compliance has enabled service organizations to instill confidence and integrity directly into the hands of their customers, ensuring the reliability of sound internal controls for increased third party assurance. Key benefits from SAS 70 audits are: Instant credibility with current and potential customers Third party perception Independent assessment of controls Potential to grow market share Reduction of third party self assessment questionnaires One audit report can satisfy multiple customers Confirmation that controls, procedures, and processes are in place as management intends Key Costs Key cost areas for SAS 70 audits include your company s internal personnel time, training and your audit firm s professional fees. Depending on level of defined policies and procedures internal personnel time and training can vary significantly. The professional fees cost of a SAS 70 audit varies from client to client because all SAS 70 audits are different. However some of the factors that should be considered in the price of a SAS 70 audit are the size of your organization, the complexity of the information systems under review, the type of services offered and possibly the location of your business. Lessons Learned We have found that having a clear plan and efficient execution strategies are the key ingredients to a successful SAS 70 audit. Key success factors for an efficient SAS 70 audit include but are not limited to the following: A project plan Designation of a SAS 70 project lead Scheduling of required resources (members of business units) Utilization of experience and educated auditors

5 Calculating the ROI A SAS 70 audit provides organizations with tangible and non-tangible results. Let s start with the non-tangibles. As a component of your SAS 70 audit, your audit firm provides a complete analysis on your operations writes up a report and delivers management best practice recommendations that could benefit an organization from increase efficiencies to a reduction of fraud risk. These benefits are difficult to quantify, but still valuable information. Tangible costs can be found by the number of new customers that selected your organizations because you were SAS 70 audited. Also operating on a higher level of compliance will provide your organization with more leverage with regards to pricing when renewing existing customers contracts. SAS 70 is an internationally recognized third party assurance audit designed for service organizations. It has become the most widely accepted compliance initiative that provides service organizations a benchmark to compare their internal controls and processes against industry best practices. Statement on Auditing Standards No. 70 was originally created in 1992 and over the past five to ten years become globally recognized as one of the highest forms of third party assurance. Organizations can benefit from obtaining a SAS 70 audit, from increasing third party confidence to growing market share. Authored by Ben Osbrach, CISSP, CISA, QSA Contact info: Direct Toll free [email protected]