How To Use An Emergency Weather Station
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1 Worldwide Monitoring, Analysis and Warning Systems Seminar Master EEWRSA - Mário Gulich Institute
2 Today show
3 Today show Basic concepts What do countries do about warning systems? Analysis of Early Warning Systems available Final considerations
4 First things first...
5 First things first... What is risk?
6 First things first... What is risk? Risk is the probability that a hazard will turn into a disaster
7 First things first... People s susceptibility to What is risk? hazards Risk is the probability that a hazard will turn into a disaster Vulnerability
8 First things first... People s susceptibility to What is risk? hazards Risk is the probability that a hazard will turn into a disaster Hazard Vulnerability Floods, fires, tornados, earthquakes...
9 First things first... People s susceptibility to What is risk? hazards Risk is the probability that a hazard will turn into a disaster they become a risk Floods, fires, tornados, earthquakes...
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11 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS)
12 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response
13 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response It has to accomplish four main goals
14 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response It has to accomplish four main goals Risk Knowledge
15 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response It has to accomplish four main goals Risk Knowledge Monitoring and predicting
16 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response It has to accomplish four main goals Risk Knowledge Monitoring and predicting Communication systems
17 What is an Early Warning System? (EWS) It is a tool designed to provide timely and effective information that allows to avoid or reduce risk and prepare to response It has to accomplish four main goals Risk Knowledge Monitoring and predicting Communication systems Coordination
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19 Type I: Separated governmental agencies.
20 Type I: Separated governmental agencies. Type II: Conjunction of governmental agencies plus a civil protection agency coordinator
21 Type I: Separated governmental agencies. Type II: Conjunction of governmental agencies plus a civil protection agency coordinator Type III: One agency that monitors hazards, communicate the population at risk and coordinate response when a disaster occurs
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23 World Wide EWS
24 Latin America & Caribbean
25 Latin America & Caribbean The most widely used EWS in this region are the Type I and II
26 Latin America & Caribbean The most widely used EWS in this region are the Type Chile I and II
27 Latin America & Caribbean The most widely used EWS in this region are the Type I and II Chile Here the EWS implemented is the type II, organised by the Chilean Emergency and Public Health Office (ONEMI)
28 Latin America & Caribbean The most widely used EWS in this region are the Type I and II Chile Here the EWS implemented is the type II, organised by the Chilean Emergency and Public Health Office (ONEMI) Argentina
29 Latin America & Caribbean The most widely used EWS in this region are the Type I and II Chile Here the EWS implemented is the type II, organised by the Chilean Emergency and Public Health Office (ONEMI) Argentina Here the EWS implemented is the type I. Has the National Civil Protection Agency (SIFEM) but there are also other national agencies that can emit their own warnings.
30 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada
31 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada EWS in this region are the Type II
32 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada EWS in this region are the Type II USA
33 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada EWS in this region are the Type II USA EWS is of Type II, thefederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is the one that must coordinate the response during a disaster.
34 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada EWS in this region are the Type II USA EWS is of Type II, thefederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is the one that must coordinate the response during a disaster. Canada
35 Unite States Of America (USA) & Canada EWS in this region are the Type II USA EWS is of Type II, thefederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is the one that must coordinate the response during a disaster. Canada All EWS are nucleated in the National Defence and the Canadian Forces.
36 Europe
37 Europe Most widely used EWS in this region is the type II and III
38 Europe Most widely used EWS in this region is the type II and Italy III
39 Europe Most widely used EWS in this region is the type II and Italy III Italian EWS is of type II but currently moving to III due to a cooperative projec called Opera.
40 Europe Most widely used EWS in this region is the type II and Italy III Italian EWS is of type II but currently moving to III due to a cooperative projec called Opera. France
41 Europe Most widely used EWS in this region is the type II and Italy III Italian EWS is of type II but currently moving to III due to a cooperative projec called Opera. France The Department of Civil Defence and Emergency Preparedness (Direction de la Défense de la Sécurité Civile) nucleates all the EWSs. Tipe III.
42 Africa
43 Africa I, II, III?
44 Africa I, II, III? Republic of South Africa
45 Africa I, II, III? Republic of South Africa The National Disaster Management Centre is to promote an integrated and coordinated system of disaster management. Tipe II.
46 Africa I, II, III? Republic of South Africa The National Disaster Management Centre is to promote an integrated and coordinated system of disaster management. Tipe II. Mali
47 Africa I, II, III? Republic of South Africa The National Disaster Management Centre is to promote an integrated and coordinated system of disaster management. Tipe II. Mali The Early Warning System (SAP) this department operates since It could be considered of type III.
48 Africa I, II, III? In Africa there is also the Permanent Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS)
49 Asia and Pacific
50 Asia and Pacific I, II, III?
51 Asia and Pacific I, II, III? Sri Lanka
52 Asia and Pacific I, II, III? Sri Lanka Ministry of Disaster Management (MDM) its mission to facilitate harmony and the prosperity and dignity of human life. Tipe III?
53 Asia and Pacific I, II, III? Sri Lanka Ministry of Disaster Management (MDM) its mission to facilitate harmony and the prosperity and dignity of human life. Tipe III? Australia
54 Asia and Pacific I, II, III? Sri Lanka Ministry of Disaster Management (MDM) its mission to facilitate harmony and the prosperity and dignity of human life. Tipe III? Australia The Australian Emergency Management and local Emergency Management agencies generate warnings, education for preparedness and response during an Emergency. Type II.
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56 Copernicus
57 Copernicus Copernicus is a European Union Agency
58 Copernicus Copernicus is a European Union Agency Is a union of systems which collects data from multiple sources
59 Copernicus Copernicus is a European Union Agency Is a union of systems which collects data from multiple sources Processes data and provides users with reliable and updated information
60 Copernicus Emergency Management Service
61 Copernicus Emergency Management Service provides timely and accurate geo-spatial information derived from satellite remote sensing and completed by available in situ or open data sources.
62 Copernicus Emergency Management Service provides timely and accurate geo-spatial information derived from satellite remote sensing and completed by available in situ or open data sources. The system operates in two modes:
63 Copernicus Emergency Management Service provides timely and accurate geo-spatial information derived from satellite remote sensing and completed by available in situ or open data sources. The system operates in two modes: Rush Mode
64 Copernicus Emergency Management Service provides timely and accurate geo-spatial information derived from satellite remote sensing and completed by available in situ or open data sources. The system operates in two modes: Rush Mode Non-rush Mode
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71 Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS)
72 Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) It is cooperation framework generated in the United Nations.
73 Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) It is cooperation framework generated in the United Nations. Provides alerts and impact estimations after major disasters through a multi-hazard disaster impact assessment service
74 Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) It is cooperation framework generated in the United Nations. Provides alerts and impact estimations after major disasters through a multi-hazard disaster impact assessment service Real-time coordination platform VirtualOSOCC to disaster managers worldwide.
75 Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System (GDACS) It is cooperation framework generated in the United Nations. Provides alerts and impact estimations after major disasters through a multi-hazard disaster impact assessment service Real-time coordination platform VirtualOSOCC to disaster managers worldwide. Satellite Mapping Coordination System, it allows to see which images are collected where and who is working on the analysis.
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77 Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS)
78 Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) Network which includes 115 governments, 61 Non- Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and numerous trade, research and media organisations.
79 Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) Network which includes 115 governments, 61 Non- Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and numerous trade, research and media organisations. Provides regular bulletins on food crop production and markets at the global level and situation reports on a regional and country-by-country basis.
80 Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) Network which includes 115 governments, 61 Non- Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and numerous trade, research and media organisations. Provides regular bulletins on food crop production and markets at the global level and situation reports on a regional and country-by-country basis. Reacts to man-made or natural disasters by sending rapid evaluation missions to the countries affected and issuing alerts that are quickly disseminated.
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83 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET)
84 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) USAID-funded
85 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) USAID-funded Focuses its efforts on strengthening early warning and food security networks
86 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) USAID-funded Focuses its efforts on strengthening early warning and food security networks Communications and decision support products are generated and sent to decision makers to help their actions to mitigate food insecurity.
87 Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) USAID-funded Focuses its efforts on strengthening early warning and food security networks Communications and decision support products are generated and sent to decision makers to help their actions to mitigate food insecurity. Monthly food security updates for several countries
88 ETHIOPIA Food Security Alert February 22, 2013 Following a below average Meher harvest, food access is poor in East and West Hararghe East and West Hararghe Zones have deteriorated into Crisis (IPC Phase 3) following two consecutive, poorly-distributed rainy seasons and a well below average Meher harvest in October/November Food security outcomes are unlikely to signifcantly improve until June 2013 when consumption of green Belg crops begins. To prevent any further deterioration of food security, the scaling up of humanitarian assistance is necessary. Normally, households in East and West Hararghe plant short-cycle Belg crops in March which are harvested in July. Long-cycle maize and sorghum are planted in March/April and additional short-cycle crops are planted in May/June; both types of crops are harvested in October/November. In 2012, a four to five week delay in the onset of the February to May Belg rains was followed by a significant June dry spell. As a result, short-cycle crops wilted and long-cycle maize and sorghum were not sown until June/July. The June to September Kiremt rains then withdrew in late August and early September, up to a month earlier than usual. The impact of late planting and early cessation of the rains reduced yields. The total Meher harvest of cereals and pulses was estimated to be 30 to 40 percent below the five-year average in these zones, but for some households, the harvest has been reported to be as low as 20 percent of average. Poor household food stocks and income from crop sales are therefore less than usual. Reduced rainfall increased distances to water points both for human and livestock consumption. In some lowland areas, households sent their livestock to nearby river valleys as early as November and December, one to two months earlier than is typical. This unusual livestock migration from within the zones and from nearby pastoral areas has led to resource-based conflicts between Somali pastoralists and Oromo agropastoralists. Conflict has intensified over the last month primarily in Kumbi, Meyumuluke, Gursum, and Chinakssen Woredas in East Hararghe Zone. Figure 1. Gathering water in Fedis Woreda, East Hararghe, February 2013 Source: FEWS NET Ethiopia Figure 2. Location of East and West Hararghe Zones, Oromia Region Source: FEWS NET As a result of poor production, most households are more market-dependent than usual. Households are increasingly relying on livestock sales to fund food purchases, but the number of small ruminants in the market exceeds the quantity demanded by buyers. Chat, a major cash crop, is being sold at prices higher than in recent years due to continued demand, but rainfed chat yields are low due to the poorly distributed rains, and the low volume of chat has reduced the income from sales. Casual labor income has also declined as less labor was necessary for harvesting and other local, agricultural tasks. In January, over 400,000 residents in 26 woredas received an eighth round of emergency food distribution. Nutrition response and safety net programs are ongoing. Households have some food from assistance and other sources right now, but these will quickly be exhausted. With the forecast for the February to May Belg season still unclear and limited income from other sources, households will remain unable to purchase adequate quantitites of food. Increased humanitarian assistance is necessary to prevent further loss of assets, facilitate the planting of crops in March/April, and prevent additional deterioration of food security in East and West Hararghe Zones. FEWS NET issues alerts to prompt decision-maker action to prevent or mitigate potential or actual food insecurity. The content of this report does not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. FAMINE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS NETWORK
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90 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ).
91 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Early Warning software developed by the Brazilian Space Agency.
92 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Early Warning software developed by the Brazilian Space Agency. Provides the technological infrastructure required to develop operational systems for environmental risks monitoring and warning.
93 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Early Warning software developed by the Brazilian Space Agency. Provides the technological infrastructure required to develop operational systems for environmental risks monitoring and warning. Gather updated data through internet and to add it to the warning system database
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95 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ).
96 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Services to manipulate/analyze new data in real time and check if a risk situation exists by comparing with risk maps or a defined model
97 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Services to manipulate/analyze new data in real time and check if a risk situation exists by comparing with risk maps or a defined model Services to execute/edit/create new risk and warning models
98 Monitoring, Analysis and Alert Terra (TerraMA 2 ). Services to manipulate/analyze new data in real time and check if a risk situation exists by comparing with risk maps or a defined model Services to execute/edit/create new risk and warning models Services to create and notify warnings to system users
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100 Copernicus GDACS GIEWS FEWS TerraMA 2 Is the information generated of public access? Some Some Some Some Yes Is it a single software tool or a service? Service Service Service Service Tool Is it a free software? Yes Minimum products emission Time? Min 24 Hs - Immediate Monthly Immediate Works in prevention? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Works during the event? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Works post-event? Yes No Yes Yes Yes Does it always need an activation process? Yes No No No Automated Anyone can activate it? Only AU Only AU Is it of easy access? Yes No Yes No Yes Works in Fast, Slow development hazards or both? Fas Fast Both Slow Both
101 Only TerraMA 2 can be adjusted to the ongoing goals of any country/community or civil protection This feature make it an evolving system that can be adapted to the resources and the operative capacity of the organisation. Also as it is a web based program it is possible to add as input, data provided by some of the other EW services.
102 Final considerations Only TerraMA 2 can be adjusted to the ongoing goals of any country/community or civil protection This feature make it an evolving system that can be adapted to the resources and the operative capacity of the organisation. Also as it is a web based program it is possible to add as input, data provided by some of the other EW services.
103 Final considerations Several of them have at request services making it a very valuable tool. Only TerraMA 2 can be adjusted to the ongoing goals of any country/community or civil protection This feature make it an evolving system that can be adapted to the resources and the operative capacity of the organisation. Also as it is a web based program it is possible to add as input, data provided by some of the other EW services.
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105 Thank you.
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