HttpUnit Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

Transcription

1 HttpUnit Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

2 Introduction HttpUnit, available from is an open source Java library for programmatically interacting with HTTP servers. HttpUnit provides an API for parsing HTML, submitting forms, following hyperlinks, setting cookies, and performing many other tasks normally associated with web browsers. HttpUnit is not a testing tool.

3 Installing HttpUnit Add httpunit.jar and Tidy.jar, both included with HttpUnit, to your classpath. Also ensure that an XML parser is installed. httpunit.jar contains the class files for the HttpUnit application Tidy.jar is an open source tool for checking the syntax of HTML.

4 Agenda The recipes are presented in order as portions of a simple web application developed using a test-first approach. If the web application were complete, it would allow users to subscribe and unsubscribe from a newsletter. It would also allow administrators to view the complete list of newsletter subscribers, but only after providing a username and password.

5 Preparing for Test-First Development Problem: You want to configure your development environment to support test-first development with HttpUnit, JUnit, Tomcat, and Ant. Solution: Create an Ant buildfile to automatically build and deploy your web application. The buildfile allows you to quickly redeploy and test after each change to your code.

6 Configuring Tomcat TOMCAT_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml

7 Configuring Ant In order to test using Ant's junit task, you should copy servlet.jar, httpunit.jar, junit.jar, and Tidy.jar to Ant's lib directory. This makes it easy to ensure that all of the required JAR files are loaded using the same Java ClassLoader when you are running your tests.

8 Classpath e compile targets Define a classpath: Compile the code:

9 Web Application archive target Generate the WAR file: index.html index.html \--- \---WEB-INF web.xml web.xml classes lib lib

10 Tomcat deploy Use Tomcat s manager application: Or create a deploy target:

11 Tomcat undeploy Use Tomcat s manager application: Or create an undeploy target:

12 JUnit target Define a target that executes your unit tests:

13 Checking a Static Web Page Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

14 Following Hyperlinks Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

15 Following Hyperlinks (2) Run the faulty test first, then write the servlet to generate a minimal subscribtion page (TDD approach):

16 Writing testable HTML Problem: You want to use HttpUnit to test your web application, but it can't parse your HTML. Solution: Write well-formed HTML, ensuring the tags are properly nested and attributes are quoted. For best results, write XHTML. If you are encountering problems, call this method to turn on HTML Tidy warnings: This causes HTML Tidy to print warning messages to the console, letting you know which lines of your HTML pages are incorrect.

17 Testing HTML tables Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

18 Testing HTML tables (2) Simple table testing:

19 Testing HTML tables (3) HTML for table using identifiers:

20 Testing HTML tables (4) Testing a table with identifier:

21 Extending the servlet behavior The following form has to be returned:

22 Testing a Form Tag and Refactoring Your Test Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

23 Testing a Form Tag and Refactoring Your Test (2) Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

24 Refactoring the Servlet Servlet that dispachtes to a JSP:

25 A JSP for subscription Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

26 Testing Elements on HTML Forms (1) Check existence of buttons: Add the two buttons:

27 Testing Elements on HTML Forms (2) Check existence of input fields: Add the two input fields

28 JSP containing the HTML form Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

29 Newsletter Subscription page Note: the HttpUnit tests are not verifying every aspect of page layout.

30 Submitting Form Data Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

31 Servlet with validation logic (1) Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

32 Servlet with validation logic (2) Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

33 Revised JSP with some dynamic display Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

34 Testing through a firewall Set the proxyset, proxyhost, and proxyport system properties. HttpUnit uses java.net.httpurlconnection, which checks the proxyset system property to determine if it should operate through a proxy server. You can set these properties in your unit test method using this code:

35 Testing cookies Cookies are little pieces of information that web applications store on the client browser's machine. Cookies allow web sites to maintain state information as you view different web pages. Use WebConversation's addcookie( ) method to create new cookies, and its getcookievalue( ) method to retrieve cookie values.

36 A JSP that generates and displays cookies Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

37 A unit test that uses cookies Laboratorio di Sistemi Software - A.A. 2003/2004

38 Testing secure pages You want to test a page that requires a username and password for login. Simulate HTTP BASIC authentication using WebConversation's setauthorization( ) method.

39 Bibliography Eric M. Burke & Brian M. Coyner Java Extreme Programming Cookbook O Reilly Chapter 5