Thailand Motorcycle Accident Situation

Transcription

1 Thailand Motorcycle Accident Situation หน งส อรายงานสถานการณ อ บ ต เหต ทางถนนของประเทศไทย Assoc. Prof. Kunnawee Kanitpong Thailand Accident Research Center (TARC) Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) ThaiRoads Foundation Presented at the 70 th Session of UNECE Road Safety Forum 23 March 2015

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8 Thailand Info

9 Population: 64,456,695 Registered Vehicle: 32,476,977 Driver Licenses : 40,366,962 Male: 29,483,525 Female: 10,720,913 Total Road Length : 117,386 km. National Highways: 68,098 km. Rural Highways: 49,080 km. Expressway: 208 km. VKT National Highways: 213,438 MVKT Source: ThaiRoads, 2012 GDP : 8,830,957 million-baht Fuel Consumption in Transportation : 30,214 million-litre

10 1 Fatalities and Injuries due to Road Crashes

11 Road Accident Fatalities 11,315 12,722 12,722 13,354 12,811 12,340 11,041 10,421 9,989 9,686 Road Fatalities from Different Accident Databases สตช Police MOPH MOPH (After Data Linkage) 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 12,040 11,988 11,652 13,116 14,012 13,766 12,858 12,693 12,492 11,561 13,766 14,033 14,059 13,244 10,717 10,742 9,910 7,634 6,000 4,000 2, Source: Ministry of Public Health, 2012

12 2 Road Crash Severity

13 Severity Index Fatality Index Severity Index Fatality Index Severity Index and Fatality Index from Road Crashes Severity Index Fatality Index All road network (Royal Thai Police) National Highways (DOH)

14 3 Who is at Fatal and Injured Risk?

15 Vehicle Types involved in Road Crashes per 10,000 registered vehicles รถจ กรยานยนต Motorcycle รถยนต Passenger Car Pick-up รถกระบะ รถต Van Truck รถบรรท ก Passenger Car Motorcycle Source: Department of Land Transport, Ministry of Transport

16 Injuries involved in Road Crashes per registered vehicles Classified by Vehicle Types Motorcycle รถยนต 4-wheel 4 ล อ car Truck รถบรรท ก Bus รถโดยสาร รถจ กรยานยนต Motorcycle Bus Source: Ministry of Public Health

17 4 Motorcycle Use in Thailand

18 Highest Motorcycle per Capita in 2010 Source: Global Status Report on Road Safety (2013) Rank No. Number of Motorcycle per 1,000 Population 1. Vietnam Malaysia Thailand Indonesia Uruguay Italy Republic of Dominican Greece Mauritius 123

19 Number of New Registered Motorcycle, Source: Department of Land Transport, Misnistry of Transport 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000, ,

20 Proportion of Registered Vehicles in 2012 classified by Vehicle Type Pick-up 17% Others 6% Passenger Car 18% Motorcycle 59% Source: Department of Land Transport

21 Why people choose motorcycle for their transportation mode? Source: Self-Reported Questionnaire Survey by ThaiRaods Foundation and Road Safety Watch Network (2510) Convenient and agility สะดวกรวดเร วกว ารถโดยสาร เช น ไม ต องรอ ไม ต องต อรถ ไม ต ดข ด (no need to wait and less traffic congestion) ประหย ดค าใช จ าย Low price Cannot access to public transport ไม ม รถโดยสารว งผ านละแวกบ านหร อท ทางาน Long distance to access public transport ต องเด นมาข นรถไกลหร อไม สะดวก ข บข สน ก Recreational เพล ดเพล น เป นการพ กผ อน purpose Need จาเป นต องบรรท กส งของ to carry stuff Influenced by ใช ตามคนใกล ช ด parents, relatives, เช น พ อแม ญาต พ น อง and friends เพ อนฝ ง Others อ นๆ 29% 25% 22% 24% 18% 19% 13% 11% 12% 11% 9% 10% 4% 4% Rider 84% 84% Passenger ผ ข บข ผ โดยสาร

22 Proportion of Motorcycle Riders with No Driver License Classified by Age and Gender Source: Self-Reported Questionnaire Survey by ThaiRaods Foundation and Road Safety Watch Network (2510) 60% 60% 50% 40% 30% 45% 24% 24% 29% 34% 50% 40% 30% 30% 40% 35% 20% 20% 10% 10% 0% มากกว า Older 60 than 60 0% Male ชาย Female หญ ง Total รวม

23 5 Motorcycle Crash in Thailand

24 Proportion of Road Crashes classified by Road User Types in Motorcycle 39.2% Pick-up Truck 16.7% Passenger Car 25.0% 10-wheel Truck or more 2.6% Others 1.4% Pedestrian 3.0% 6-wheel Truck 1.8% Taxi 3.6% Bicycle 1.3% Large Bus 2.1% Van 1.8% Farm vehicle 0.2% 3-wheel MC 0.9% 3-wheel Bicycle 0.4% Source: Royal Thai Police

25 Proportion of Fatalities classified by Road User Types in 2012 Motorcycle 41% Passenger Car 12% Pickup Truck or Van 2% Pedestrian 6% Bicycle 1% Heavy Truck 1% Bus 0% 3-Wheelers 0% Others 37% Source: Ministry of Public Health

26 Proportion of Severe Injuries due to Road Crashes classified by Road User Types in 2012 Passenger Car 4% Pickup Truck or Van 4% Pedestrian 4% Motorcycle 77% Others 2% Bicycle 7% Heavy Truck 1% Bus 0% 3-Wheelers 1% Source: Ministry of Public Health

27 Number of Fatalities due to Motorcycle Crashes, Source: Ministry of Public Health and Road Accident Victims Protection Co. Ltd. (RVP) Fatalities Injuries

28 Injuries due to Motorcycle Crashes in Thailand, (Bangkok is not included) Number of Motorcycles ( 000 veh) Number of Injuries Injuries per Number of Motorcycles Source: MOPH and DOLT

29 Motorcycle Collision Pattern in Thailand, Injuries Fatalities Lost Control/Roll Over Vehicle collision More than 2-vehicle Collision Pedestrian Collision Fixed Object Collision Lost Control/Roll Over Vehicle collision More than 2-vehicle Collision Pedestrian Collision Fixed Object Collision Source: E-claim from Road Accident Victims Protection

30 Other Vehicles Involved in Motorcycle Crashes, Injuries Fatalities Bus Truck Passenger Car and Pickup Motorcycle Van Bus Truck Passenger Car and Pickup Motorcycle Van Source: E-claim from Road Accident Victims Protection

31 Types of MC crash Types of Motorcycle Crashes on National Highways, Others Run out of road on curve section Run out of road on straight section Wrong direction Animal crash Fixed object crash Overtaking crash Side Swipe Side Swipe Rear End Rear End Straight-U turn Straight_Right angle Straight-Head on Intersection-Right angle Intersection-Head on collision Pedestrain crash Source: Department of Highways. Ministry of Transport

32 Types of crash Crash Severity by Types of Motorcycle Crashes, Others Run out of road on curve section Run out of road on straight section Wrong Wrong Direction direction Animal crash Fixed object crash Overtaking crash Side Swipe Rear End Straight-U turn Straight_Right angle Straight Straight-Head Head-On on Intersection-Right angle Intersection-Head on collision Pedestrain crash % 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Fatal Crash Severe injured Crash Minor injured Crash PDO Source: Department of Highways. Ministry of Transport

33 6 Motorcycle Crash Risk Groups

34 Fatality/10,000 MC holding driver license MC Fatalities per 10,000 MC License by Age, Source: E-claim from Road Accident Victims Protection

35 Fatality/10,000 MC holding driver license Number of Motorcycle Casualties by Gender, Female Male Year Source: E-claim from Road Accident Victims Protection

36 7 Motorcycle Casualties

37 Motorcycle Fatalities by Injured Body Region More than 70% is Head Injuries Head ศ ร ษะ Lower Extremity ขำ กระด กส น หล ง แขน Spine Upper Extremity Abdominal ช องท อง Chest ทรวงอก จำนวนกำรเส ยช ว ต จำแนกตำมช วงอว ยวะ ท บำดเจ บ Source: E-claim from Road Accident Victims Protection

38 Motorcycle Casualties by Occupation, Injury Injury Not Available Others Maid Children (<6 yrs old) Convict Housewife Craftsman Driver Fishery Sector Artist Lawyer Priest Student Agriculture Sector Trader/Merchant Labour Private Sector Employee State Enterprise Employee Police/Military Other Civil Servant Unemployed Fatality Student Labour Not Available Others Maid Children (<6 yrs old) Convict Housewife Craftsman Fatality Driver Fishery Sector Artist Lawyer Priest Student Agriculture Sector Trader/Merchant Labour Private Sector Employee State Enterprise Employee Police/Military Other Civil Servant Unemployed Source: Injury Surveillance Student Labour

39 Motorcycle Casualties by Alcohol Influence, No Alcohol Injury Alcohol No Alcohol Fatality Alcohol % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% No No Yes Yes Injury Fatality Source: Injury Surveillance

40 Motorcycle Casualties by Helmet Use, No Helmet Injury Helmet No Helmet Fatality Helmet % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Injury No Yes % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Fatality No Yes Source: Injury Surveillance System (IS)

41 8 Helmet Use Rate

42 Helmet Use Rate of Motorcycle Users in Thailand* Rider 53% 54% 52% Passenger 19% 24% 20% Total 44% 46% 43% 51% 19% 43% * Sample Size 1,484,669 MC Users in ,502,949 MC Users in ,244,140 MC Users in ,956 MC Users in 2010

43 Urban Suburban Rural Rider and Passenger 72% 46% 29% Rider 83% 56% 34% Passenger 37% 19% 12%

44 Helmet Use Rate of Motorcycle Users by Age Group 52% 53% 49% 49% 32% 34% 28% 23% % 8% 7% 7% 2556 Adult Young Kids Rider and Passenger Rider and Passenger Passenger Only

45 Land Traffic Act, B.E (1979) Not specific for motorcycle. Only for some sections such as: Section 35: The driver of truck, passenger car, motorcycle, vehicle of low speed or travelling at lower speed than those of other vehicles moving in the same direction shall keep to the curb side of the roadway as close as possible (Penalty $12-30) Section 121: The rider of motorcycle shall sit on the saddle, provided for motorcycle rider. If the competent officer specifies in the registration to be able to carry passengers, the passenger shall ride at the back seat provided for the passenger, or in the side-car. (Penalty not more than $15) Section 122: The rider and passenger of motorcycle shall wear a motorcycle helmet. (Penalty not more than $15)

46 Ministerial Regulations, and Motor Vehicle Act, B.E (1979) (๓) ส าหร บรถยนต อ นนอกจากท ระบ ไว ใน (๑) หร อ (๒) หร อรถจ กรยานยนต ให ข บใน เขตกร งเทพมหานคร เขตเม องพ ทยา หร อเขตเทศบาลไม เก นช วโมงละ ๘๐ ก โลเมตร หร อนอกเขต ด งกล าวให ข บไม เก นช วโมงละ ๙๐ ก โลเมตร Speed Limit for motorcycle in urban area is not more than 80 km/hr, and outside urban area is not more than 90 km/hr. (Penalty not more than $30) ผ ท ต องการขอม ใบอน ญาตข บข รถจ กรยานยนต ต องเป นบ คคลท ม อาย 15 ป บร บ รณ ข นไป และใบอน ญาตข บข รถจ กรยานยนต จะม อาย 5 ป น บต งแต ว นออกใบอน ญาต ข บรถ โดยจะได ร บหล งจากม ใบอน ญาตข บรถจ กรยานยนต ส วนบ คคลช วคราว มา เป นเวลา 1 ป Motorcycle driving license: Age > 15 years

47 Research Agenda on Motorcycle Safety Design Standard and Safety Considerations for Exclusive Motorcycle lane Child Safety for Motorcycle Usage Behavioral Influence Model for Promoting Helmet Use for Young Riders Speed Management of Motorcycle in Urban Area

48 Thank you..