R search c h O b O jectives s & & A c A hi h evem e en e t n s

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1 Class Based P-Persistent Persistent Scheme for Smart Grid Load Balancing Sami S. Al-Wakeel, Hesham A. Altwaijry & Muhammad Ammad-uddin College of Computer & Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2 Outline Research Objectives & Achievements Introduction to Smart Grid pricing models & Load Balancing System. Network Architecture Model Class Based P- persistent Scheme Scheme Simulation Study Performance Results 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 2

3 Research Achievements Proposed an improved Dynamic Class Based P- persistent Scheme for load balancing of the electricity demand. Built a simulation model using OMNET++ network simulator Software to evaluate the Smart Grid load balancing performance Analyzed the scheme s performance and its diverse implementation options. 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 3

4 Introduction Goal of load balancing of Smart Grid Decrease the power grid peak load Increase the average load of power grid to save energy, reduce costs, increase reliability, allow better transparency and more manageability of the grid Home appliances/factory processes loads are scheduled to Manage Demand Response (DR) Reduce demand at peak hours. Price Models are a dynamic pricing set for load consumption Goal is to change the consumption patterns of end-users. Smart grid Smart meters Intelligent home appliances 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 4

5 Smart Grid pricing models Various models have been proposed to allow SG load balance. Flat Pricing Peak load pricing Day-Ahead pricing Time-of-use pricing Critical-peak pricing Adaptive pricing Real-time pricing 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 5

6 Load Balancing System Architecture To achieve load balancing the system architecture integrates intelligent home appliances, smart meters remote controllers 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 6

7 Concept of Class Based P-Persistent Persistent Scheme The Proposed system N power consumption partitions. An extra shared partition for peak load consumption. Four parameters are used to characterize consumer load request Appliance Power Duration of use Start time Deadline 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 7

8 Concept of Class Based P-Persistent Persistent Scheme (Cont) Load admission to each partition is probabilistic with value p set according to current user and system loads. A threshold is defined for load occupancy at the shared partition. A three-level price model is assumed (C1<C2<C3) for user billing according to user load volume and time 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 8

9 Simulation Simulation Software was developed to: Implement the proposed load balancing scheme. To evaluate the Scheme s performance To analyze the various performance measures for the scheme. To determine the optimum setting for the options of scheme implementation Software is developed using OMNET++ Platform 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 9

10 Scheme s Algorithm When a power request arrives. If power is available in its partition Then turn on device Else if Power in its partition is consumed by another partition then» Turn on using another partition and charge lowest cost» Else Check other partitions with probability p. If space is available in other partitions turn on charge higher rate.» Otherwise postpone until capacity arrives or deadline occurs and charge the corresponding rate. 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 10

11 Simulation Parameters Simulate a smart grid of 50 houses. Peak load Per House 100 Amperes Average power consumption of home appliances 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 11

12 Performance Results 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 12

13 Performance Results Performance of proposed system under different Threshold values 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 13

14 Conclusion Class Based P-Persistent Persistent Scheme improves the load balancing for smart grid Based on the simulation study, the technique will balance the electricity demand in real time, and significantly reduce the peak/average load demand ratio 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 14

15 THANK YOU 11/8/2012 EPEC '12 15