Junos OS for EX Series Ethernet Switches

Transcription

1 Junos OS for EX Series Ethernet Switches Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Release 13.2X51 Published:

2 Juniper Networks, Inc North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale, California USA Juniper Networks, Junos, Steel-Belted Radius, NetScreen, and ScreenOS are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. in the United States and other countries. The Juniper Networks Logo, the Junos logo, and JunosE are trademarks of Juniper Networks, Inc. All other trademarks, service marks, registered trademarks, or registered service marks are the property of their respective owners. Juniper Networks assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document. Juniper Networks reserves the right to change, modify, transfer, or otherwise revise this publication without notice. Junos OS for EX Series Ethernet Switches Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Release 13.2X51 All rights reserved. The information in this document is current as of the date on the title page. YEAR 2000 NOTICE Juniper Networks hardware and software products are Year 2000 compliant. Junos OS has no known time-related limitations through the year However, the NTP application is known to have some difficulty in the year END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT The Juniper Networks product that is the subject of this technical documentation consists of (or is intended for use with) Juniper Networks software. Use of such software is subject to the terms and conditions of the End User License Agreement ( EULA ) posted at By downloading, installing or using such software, you agree to the terms and conditions of that EULA. ii

3 Table of Contents About the xvii and Release Notes xvii Supported Platforms xvii Using the Examples in This Manual xvii Merging a Full Example xviii Merging a Snippet xviii Conventions xix Feedback xxi Requesting Technical Support xxi Self-Help Online Tools and Resources xxi Opening a Case with JTAC xxii Part 1 Overview Chapter 1 Real-Time Performance Monitoring Understanding Real-Time Performance Monitoring on EX Series Switches RPM Packet Collection Tests and Probe Types Hardware Timestamps Limitations of RPM on EX Series Switches Chapter 2 Port Mirroring Understanding Port Mirroring on EX Series Switches Port Mirroring Overview Port Mirroring Terminology Configuration Guidelines for Port Mirroring on the Switches Chapter 3 sflow Monitoring Technology Understanding How to Use sflow Technology for Network Monitoring on an EX Series Switch Sampling Mechanism and Architecture of sflow Technology on EX Series Switches Adaptive Sampling sflow Agent Address Assignment Chapter 4 Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management and Connectivity Fault Management Understanding Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management for an EX Series Switch Understanding Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management for an EX Series Switch iii

4 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Understanding Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements on Switches Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements Types of Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements Limitations Chapter 5 Uplink Failure Detection Understanding Uplink Failure Detection Uplink Failure Detection Overview Failure Detection Pair Part 2 Configuration Chapter 6 Configuration Examples Example: Configuring sflow Technology to Monitor Network Traffic on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Port Mirroring for Local Monitoring of Employee Resource Use on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Port Mirroring for Remote Monitoring of Employee Resource Use on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Port Mirroring to Multiple Interfaces for Remote Monitoring of Employee Resource Use on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Port Mirroring for Remote Monitoring of Employee Resource Use Through a Transit Switch on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management on EX Series Switches Example: Configuring Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management on EX Series Switches Chapter 7 Configuration Tasks Configuring SNMP (J-Web Procedure) Configuring Port Mirroring to Analyze Traffic (CLI Procedure) Configuring Port Mirroring for Local Traffic Analysis Configuring Port Mirroring for Remote Traffic Analysis Filtering the Traffic Entering an Analyzer Configuring Port Mirroring to Analyze Traffic (J-Web Procedure) Configuring sflow Technology for Network Monitoring (CLI Procedure) Configuring Real-Time Performance Monitoring (J-Web Procedure) Configuring the Interface for RPM Timestamping for Client/Server on an EX Series Switch (CLI Procedure) Configuring Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management (CLI Procedure) Creating the Maintenance Domain Configuring the Maintenance Domain MIP Half Function Creating a Maintenance Association Configuring the Continuity Check Protocol Configuring a Maintenance Association End Point Configuring a Connectivity Fault Management Action Profile Configuring the Linktrace Protocol Configuring Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management (CLI Procedure) Configuring Interfaces for Uplink Failure Detection (CLI Procedure) iv

5 Table of Contents Configuring MEP Interfaces on Switches to Support Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements (CLI Procedure) Configuring One-Way Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements on Switches (CLI Procedure) Configuring an Iterator Profile on a Switch (CLI Procedure) Triggering an Ethernet Frame Delay Measurement Session on a Switch Configuring Two-Way Ethernet Frame Delay Measurements on Switches (CLI Procedure) Chapter 8 Configuration Statements: SNMP [edit snmp] Configuration Statement Hierarchy on EX Series Switches Supported Statements in the [edit snmp] Hierarchy Unsupported Statements in the [edit snmp] Hierarchy address (SNMP) address-mask agent-address alarm (SNMP RMON) authorization bucket-size categories client-list client-list-name clients commit-delay community (SNMP) community (SNMP RMON) community-name (SNMP) contact (SNMP) description (SNMP) description (SNMP RMON) destination-port engine-id (SNMP) event (SNMP) falling-event-index falling-threshold falling-threshold falling-threshold-interval filter-duplicates filter-interfaces group (Configuring Access Privileges) group (Associating a Security Name) health-monitor history interface (SNMP RMON History) interface (SNMP) interval interval (SNMP Health Monitor) interval (SNMP RMON) location (SNMP) v

6 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches logical-system (SNMP message-processing-model name nonvolatile notify notify-filter (Applying to the Management Target) notify-filter (Configuring the Profile Name) notify-view oid (SNMP) oid owner parameters port (SNMP) read-view request-type rising-event-index rising-threshold (SNMP Health Monitor) rising-threshold (SNMP RMON) rmon rmon routing-instance (SNMP) routing-instance (SNMPv3) sample-type security-level (Defining Access Privileges) security-level (Generating SNMP Notifications) security-model (Access Privileges) security-model (Group) security-model (SNMP Notifications) security-name (Security Group) security-name (Community String) security-name (SNMP Notifications) security-to-group snmp snmp snmp-community source-address (SNMP) startup-alarm syslog-subtag tag (SNMPv3) tag-list target-address target-parameters targets traceoptions (SNMP) trap-group trap-options type (SNMP RMON) type (SNMPv3) v vi

7 Table of Contents vacm variable version (SNMP) view (Associating a MIB View with a Community) view (Configuring a MIB View) write-view Chapter 9 Configuration Statements: Port Mirroring [edit ethernet-switching-options] Configuration Statement Hierarchy on EX Series Switches Supported Statements in the [edit ethernet-switching-options] Hierarchy Unsupported Statements in the [edit ethernet-switching-options] Hierarchy analyzer egress egress (Interface or VLAN) ethernet-switching-options ingress (vlans) ingress (Interface or VLAN) input (Port Mirroring) interface loss-priority (Port Mirroring) no-tag output (Port Mirroring) ratio vlan (Port Mirroring) Chapter 10 Configuration Statements: sflow Technology [edit protocols] Configuration Statement Hierarchy on EX Series Switches agent-id collector disable (sflow Monitoring Technology) interfaces (sflow Monitoring Technology) polling-interval sample-rate sflow source-ip udp-port Chapter 11 Configuration Statements: Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management action-profile (Applying to OAM CFM, for EX Series Switch Only) age (EX Series Switch Only) auto-discovery (EX Series Switch Only) calculation-weight connectivity-fault-management (EX Series Switch Only) continuity-check (EX Series Switch Only) cycle-time data-tlv-size vii

8 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches delay delay-variation direction (EX Series Switch Only) hold-interval (OAM CFM, for EX Series Switch Only) interface (OAM CFM, for EX Series Switch Only) interval (EX Series Switch Only) iteration-count iteration-period level (EX Series Switch Only) linktrace (EX Series Switch Only) loss-threshold (EX Series Switch Only) maintenance-association (EX Series Switch Only) maintenance-domain (EX Series Switch Only) measurement-type (OAM LFM) mep (EX Series Switch Only) mip-half-function (EX Series Switch Only) name-format (EX Series Switch Only) path-database-size (EX Series Switch Only) performance-monitoring (OAM LFM) priority (Protocols OAM) priority (OAM Connectivity-Fault Management) remote-mep (EX Series Switch Only) short-name-format sla-iterator-profile sla-iterator-profiles (OAM LFM) traceoptions (OAM CFM, for EX Series Switch Only) Chapter 12 Configuration Statements: Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management action (OAM LFM) action-profile allow-remote-loopback ethernet (OAM LFM) event (OAM LFM) event-thresholds frame-error frame-period frame-period-summary interface (OAM LFM) link-adjacency-loss link-discovery link-down link-event-rate link-fault-management negotiation-options no-allow-link-events oam pdu-interval pdu-threshold remote-loopback viii

9 Table of Contents symbol-period syslog (OAM LFM) traceoptions (OAM LFM, for EX Series Switch Only) Chapter 13 Configuration Statements: RPM data-fill data-size destination-port dscp-code-point hardware-timestamp history-size moving-average-size one-way-hardware-timestamp port (RPM) probe probe-count probe-interval probe-limit probe-server probe-type routing-instance routing-instances rpm source-address tcp test test-interval thresholds traps udp Chapter 14 Configuration Statements: Uplink Failure Detection action (Uplink Failure Detection) group (Uplink Failure Detection) link-to-disable link-to-monitor traceoptions (Uplink Failure Detection) uplink-failure-detection Part 3 Administration Chapter 15 Routine Monitoring Monitoring Hosts Using the J-Web Ping Host Tool Monitoring Network Traffic Using Traceroute Verifying Input and Output for Port Mirroring Analyzers on EX Series Switches Viewing Real-Time Performance Monitoring Information Verifying That Uplink Failure Detection Is Working Correctly ix

10 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Chapter 16 Operational Commands: General monitor traffic ping show pfe statistics bridge traceroute Chapter 17 Operational Commands: RPM show services rpm active-servers show services rpm history-results show services rpm probe-results Chapter 18 Operational Commands: SNMP clear snmp rmon history clear snmp statistics request snmp spoof-trap show snmp health-monitor show snmp inform-statistics show snmp mib show snmp rmon show snmp rmon history show snmp statistics show snmp v Chapter 19 Operational Commands: Port Mirroring show analyzer Chapter 20 Operational Commands: sflow show sflow show sflow interface show sflow collector clear sflow collectors statistics Chapter 21 Operational Commands: Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management clear oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management delay-statistics clear oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management sla-iterator-statistics clear oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management statistics monitor ethernet delay-measurement show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management delay-statistics show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management forwarding-state show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management interfaces show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management path-database show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management mep-database show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management mip show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management sla-iterator-statistics Chapter 22 Operational Commands: Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management show oam ethernet link-fault-management Chapter 23 Operational Commands: Uplink Failure Detection show uplink-failure-detection x

11 Table of Contents Part 4 Troubleshooting Chapter 24 Troubleshooting Procedures and Commands Troubleshooting Port Mirroring Configuration Error Messages An Analyzer Configuration Returns a Multiple interfaces cannot be configured as a member of Analyzer output VLAN Error Message Troubleshooting sflow on Management Interface show pfe statistics bridge xi

12 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches xii

13 List of Figures Part 1 Overview Chapter 1 Real-Time Performance Monitoring Figure 1: RPM Timestamps Chapter 4 Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management and Connectivity Fault Management Figure 2: Relationship Among MEPs, MIPs, and Maintenance Domain s Chapter 5 Uplink Failure Detection Figure 3: Uplink Failure Detection Configuration on Switches Part 2 Configuration Chapter 6 Configuration Examples Figure 4: sflow Technology Monitoring System Figure 5: Network Topology for Local Port Mirroring Example Figure 6: Remote Port Mirroring Example Network Topology Figure 7: Remote Port Mirroring Example Network Topology Using Multiple VLAN Member Interfaces Figure 8: Remote Port Mirroring Example Through a Transit Switch Network Topology xiii

14 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches xiv

15 List of Tables About the xvii Table 1: Notice Icons xix Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions xix Part 1 Overview Chapter 2 Port Mirroring Table 3: Port Mirroring Terminology Table 4: Configuration Guidelines for Port Mirroring Part 2 Configuration Chapter 7 Configuration Tasks Table 5: SNMP Configuration Page Table 6: Port Mirroring Configuration Settings Table 7: RPM Probe Owner, Concurrent Probes, and Probe Servers Configuration Fields Table 8: Performance Probe Tests Configuration Fields Chapter 8 Configuration Statements: SNMP Table 9: Unsupported [edit snmp] Configuration Statements on EX Series Switches Part 3 Administration Chapter 15 Routine Monitoring Table 10: J-Web Ping Host Field Summary Table 11: Traceroute field summary Chapter 16 Operational Commands: General Table 12: Match Conditions for the monitor traffic Command Table 13: Logical Operators for the monitor traffic Command Table 14: Arithmetic and Relational Operators for the monitor traffic Command Table 15: show pfe statistics bridge Output Fields Table 16: traceroute Output Fields Chapter 17 Operational Commands: RPM Table 17: show services rpm active-servers Output Fields Table 18: show services rpm history-results Output Fields Table 19: show services rpm probe-results Output Fields Chapter 18 Operational Commands: SNMP xv

16 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Table 20: show snmp health-monitor Output Fields Table 21: show snmp inform-statistics Output Fields Table 22: show snmp mib Output Fields Table 23: show snmp rmon Output Fields Table 24: show smp rmon history Output Fields Table 25: show snmp statistics Output Fields Table 26: show snmp v3 Output Fields Chapter 19 Operational Commands: Port Mirroring Table 27: show analyzer Output Fields Chapter 20 Operational Commands: sflow Table 28: show sflow Output Fields Table 29: show sflow interface Output Fields Table 30: show sflow collector Output Fields Chapter 21 Operational Commands: Ethernet OAM Connectivity Fault Management Table 31: monitor ethernet delay-measurement one-way Output Fields Table 32: monitor ethernet delay-measurement two-way Output Fields Table 33: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management delay-statistics and mep-statistics Output Fields Table 34: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management forwarding-state Output Fields Table 35: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management interfaces Output Fields Table 36: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management linktrace path-database Output Fields Table 37: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management mep-database Output Fields Table 38: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management mip Output Fields Table 39: show oam ethernet connectivity-fault-management sla-iterator-statistics Output Fields Chapter 22 Operational Commands: Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management Table 40: show oam ethernet link-fault-management Output Fields Chapter 23 Operational Commands: Uplink Failure Detection Table 41: show uplink-failure-detection Output Fields Part 4 Troubleshooting Chapter 24 Troubleshooting Procedures and Commands Table 42: show pfe statistics bridge Output Fields xvi

17 About the and Release Notes and Release Notes on page xvii Supported Platforms on page xvii Using the Examples in This Manual on page xvii Conventions on page xix Feedback on page xxi Requesting Technical Support on page xxi Supported Platforms To obtain the most current version of all Juniper Networks technical documentation, see the product documentation page on the Juniper Networks website at If the information in the latest release notes differs from the information in the documentation, follow the product Release Notes. Juniper Networks Books publishes books by Juniper Networks engineers and subject matter experts. These books go beyond the technical documentation to explore the nuances of network architecture, deployment, and administration. The current list can be viewed at For the features described in this document, the following platforms are supported: EX Series Using the Examples in This Manual If you want to use the examples in this manual, you can use the load merge or the load merge relative command. These commands cause the software to merge the incoming configuration into the current candidate configuration. The example does not become active until you commit the candidate configuration. If the example configuration contains the top level of the hierarchy (or multiple hierarchies), the example is a full example. In this case, use the load merge command. xvii

18 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Merging a Full Example If the example configuration does not start at the top level of the hierarchy, the example is a snippet. In this case, use the load merge relative command. These procedures are described in the following sections. To merge a full example, follow these steps: 1. From the HTML or PDF version of the manual, copy a configuration example into a text file, save the file with a name, and copy the file to a directory on your routing platform. For example, copy the following configuration to a file and name the file ex-script.conf. Copy the ex-script.conf file to the /var/tmp directory on your routing platform. system { scripts { commit { file ex-script.xsl; interfaces { fxp0 { disable; unit 0 { family inet { address /24; 2. Merge the contents of the file into your routing platform configuration by issuing the load merge configuration mode command: [edit] user@host# load merge /var/tmp/ex-script.conf load complete Merging a Snippet To merge a snippet, follow these steps: 1. From the HTML or PDF version of the manual, copy a configuration snippet into a text file, save the file with a name, and copy the file to a directory on your routing platform. For example, copy the following snippet to a file and name the file ex-script-snippet.conf. Copy the ex-script-snippet.conf file to the /var/tmp directory on your routing platform. commit { file ex-script-snippet.xsl; 2. Move to the hierarchy level that is relevant for this snippet by issuing the following configuration mode command: xviii

19 About the [edit] edit system scripts [edit system scripts] 3. Merge the contents of the file into your routing platform configuration by issuing the load merge relative configuration mode command: [edit system scripts] load merge relative /var/tmp/ex-script-snippet.conf load complete Conventions For more information about the load command, see the CLI User Guide. Table 1: Notice Icons Table 1 on page xix defines notice icons used in this guide. Icon Meaning Informational note Indicates important features or instructions. Caution Indicates a situation that might result in loss of data or hardware damage. Warning Alerts you to the risk of personal injury or death. Laser warning Alerts you to the risk of personal injury from a laser. Tip Indicates helpful information. Best practice Alerts you to a recommended use or implementation. Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions Table 2 on page xix defines the text and syntax conventions used in this guide. Convention Examples Bold text like this Represents text that you type. To enter configuration mode, type the configure command: user@host> configure xix

20 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions (continued) Convention Examples Fixed-width text like this Italic text like this Represents output that appears on the terminal screen. Introduces or emphasizes important new terms. Identifies guide names. Identifies RFC and Internet draft titles. show chassis alarms No alarms currently active A policy term is a named structure that defines match conditions and actions. Junos OS CLI User Guide RFC 1997, BGP Communities Attribute Italic text like this Text like this Represents variables (options for which you substitute a value) in commands or configuration statements. Represents names of configuration statements, commands, files, and directories; configuration hierarchy levels; or labels on routing platform components. Configure the machine s domain name: [edit] root@# set system domain-name domain-name To configure a stub area, include the stub statement at the [edit protocols ospf area area-id] hierarchy level. The console port is labeled CONSOLE. < > (angle brackets) Encloses optional keywords or variables. stub <default-metric metric>; (pipe symbol) Indicates a choice between the mutually exclusive keywords or variables on either side of the symbol. The set of choices is often enclosed in parentheses for clarity. broadcast multicast (string1 string2 string3) # (pound sign) Indicates a comment specified on the same line as the configuration statement to which it applies. rsvp { # Required for dynamic MPLS only [ ] (square brackets) Encloses a variable for which you can substitute one or more values. community name members [ community-ids ] Indention and braces ( { ) ; (semicolon) Identifies a level in the configuration hierarchy. Identifies a leaf statement at a configuration hierarchy level. [edit] routing-options { static { route default { nexthop address; retain; GUI Conventions Bold text like this Represents graphical user interface (GUI) items you click or select. In the Logical Interfaces box, select All Interfaces. To cancel the configuration, click Cancel. xx

21 About the Table 2: Text and Syntax Conventions (continued) Convention Examples > (bold right angle bracket) Separates levels in a hierarchy of menu selections. In the configuration editor hierarchy, select Protocols>Ospf. Feedback We encourage you to provide feedback, comments, and suggestions so that we can improve the documentation. You can send your comments to techpubs-comments@juniper.net, or fill out the documentation feedback form at If you are using , be sure to include the following information with your comments: Document or topic name URL or page number Software release version (if applicable) Requesting Technical Support Technical product support is available through the Juniper Networks Technical Assistance Center (JTAC). If you are a customer with an active J-Care or JNASC support contract, or are covered under warranty, and need post-sales technical support, you can access our tools and resources online or open a case with JTAC. JTAC policies For a complete understanding of our JTAC procedures and policies, review the JTAC User Guide located at Product warranties For product warranty information, visit JTAC hours of operation The JTAC centers have resources available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. Self-Help Online Tools and Resources For quick and easy problem resolution, Juniper Networks has designed an online self-service portal called the Customer Support Center (CSC) that provides you with the following features: Find CSC offerings: Search for known bugs: Find product documentation: Find solutions and answer questions using our Knowledge Base: Download the latest versions of software and review release notes: xxi

22 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches Search technical bulletins for relevant hardware and software notifications: Join and participate in the Juniper Networks Community Forum: Open a case online in the CSC Case Management tool: To verify service entitlement by product serial number, use our Serial Number Entitlement (SNE) Tool: Opening a Case with JTAC You can open a case with JTAC on the Web or by telephone. Use the Case Management tool in the CSC at Call JTAC ( toll-free in the USA, Canada, and Mexico). For international or direct-dial options in countries without toll-free numbers, see xxii

23 PART 1 Overview Real-Time Performance Monitoring on page 3 Port Mirroring on page 9 sflow Monitoring Technology on page 17 Ethernet OAM Link Fault Management and Connectivity Fault Management on page 21 Uplink Failure Detection on page 27 1

24 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches 2

25 CHAPTER 1 Real-Time Performance Monitoring Understanding Real-Time Performance Monitoring on EX Series Switches on page 3 Understanding Real-Time Performance Monitoring on EX Series Switches Real-time performance monitoring (RPM) enables you to configure active probes to track and monitor traffic across the network and to investigate network problems. You can use RPM with Juniper Networks EX Series Ethernet Switches. The ways in which you can use RPM include: Monitor time delays between devices. Monitor time delays at the protocol level. Set thresholds to trigger SNMP traps when values are exceeded. You can configure thresholds for round-trip time, ingress or egress delay, standard deviation, jitter, successive lost probes, and total lost probes per test. (SNMP trap results are stored in pingresultstable, jnxpingresultstable, jnxpingprobehistorytable, and pingprobehistorytable.) Determine automatically whether a path exists between a host router or switch and its configured BGP neighbors. You can view the results of the discovery using an SNMP client. Use the history of the most recent 50 probes to analyze trends in your network and predict future needs. RPM provides MIB support with extensions for RFC 2925, Definitions of Managed Objects for Remote Ping, Traceroute, and Lookup Operations. This topic includes: RPM Packet Collection on page 4 Tests and Probe Types on page 4 Hardware Timestamps on page 4 Limitations of RPM on EX Series Switches on page 6 3

26 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches RPM Packet Collection Probes collect packets per destination and per application, including ping Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets, User Datagram Protocol and Transmission Control Protocol (UDP/TCP) packets with user-configured ports, user-configured Differentiated Services code point (DSCP) type-of-service (ToS) packets, and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) packets. Tests and Probe Types A test can contain multiple probes. The probe type specifies the packet and protocol contents of the probe. EX Series switches support the following tests and probe types: Ping tests: ICMP echo probe ICMP timestamp probe HTTP tests: HTTP get probe (not available for BGP RPM services) HTTP get metadata probe UDP and TCP tests with user-configured ports: UDP echo probe TCP connection probe UDP timestamp probe Hardware Timestamps To account for latency or jitter in the communication of probe messages, you can enable timestamping of the probe packets (hardware timestamps). If hardware timestamps are not configured, then timers are generated at the software level and are less accurate than they would have been with hardware timestamps. NOTE: EX Series switches support hardware timestamps for UDP and ICMP probes. EX Series switches do not support hardware timestamps for HTTP or TCP probes. You can timestamp the following RPM probes to improve the measurement of latency or jitter: ICMP ping ICMP ping timestamp 4

27 Chapter 1: Real-Time Performance Monitoring UDP ping UDP ping timestamp You should configure the requester (the RPM client) with hardware timestamps (see Figure 1 on page 5) to get more meaningful results than you would get without the timestamps.the responder (the RPM server) does not need to be configured to support hardware timestamps. If the responder supports hardware timestamps, it timestamps the RPM probes. If the responder does not support hardware timestamps, RPM can only report round-trip measurements that include the processing time on the responder. NOTE: Hardware timestamps are supported on all EX Series switches. Figure 1 on page 5 shows the timestamps: Figure 1: RPM Timestamps T1 is the time the packet leaves the requester port. T2 is the time the responder receives the packet. T3 is the time the responder sends the response. T4 is the time the requester receives the response. The round-trip time is (T2 T1) + (T4 T3). If the responder does not support hardware timestamps, then the round-trip time is (T4 T1) / 2, and thus includes the processing time of the responder. You can use RPM probes to find the following time measurements: Minimum round-trip time Maximum round-trip time Average round-trip time Standard deviation of the round-trip time Jitter of the round-trip time Difference between the minimum and maximum round-trip time 5

28 Network Management and Monitoring on EX Series Switches NOTE: See Configuring the Interface for RPM Timestamping for Client/Server on an EX Series Switch (CLI Procedure) on page 92 for information on how to configure hardware timestamps on the requester. The RPM feature provides a configuration option to set one-way hardware timestamps. Use one-way timestamps when you want information about one-way time, rather than round-trip times, for packets to traverse the network between the requester and the responder. As shown in Figure 1 on page 5, one-way timestamps represent the time T2 T1 and the time from T4 T3. Use one-way timestamps when you want to gather information about delay in each direction and to find egress and ingress jitter values. NOTE: For correct one-way measurement, the clocks of the requester and responder must be synchronized. If the clocks are not synchronized, one-way jitter measurements and calculations can include significant variations, in some cases orders of magnitude greater than the round-trip times. When you enable one-way timestamps in a probe, the following one-way measurements are reported: Minimum, maximum, standard deviation, and jitter measurements for egress and ingress times Number of probes sent Number of probe responses received Percentage of lost probes Limitations of RPM on EX Series Switches Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP) is not supported on EX Series switches. EX Series switches do not support user-configured class-of-service (CoS) classifiers or prioritization of RPM packets over regular data packets received on an input interface. Timestamps: If the responder does not support hardware timestamps, RPM can only report the round-trip measurements and cannot calculate round-trip jitter. EX Series switches do not support hardware timestamps for HTTP and TCP probes. Timestamps apply only to IPv4 traffic. For further details about RPM, see Junos OS Services Interfaces Configuration Guide Configuring the Interface for RPM Timestamping for Client/Server on an EX Series Switch (CLI Procedure) on page 92 Configuring Real-Time Performance Monitoring (J-Web Procedure) on page 85 6