Robotics in Public Administration

Transcription

1 Robotics in Public Administration Living, learning, leading in the connected city Hamburg, Germany, 10 th June 2015 Dr.-Ing. Tobias Meisen IMA/ZLW & IfU Faculty of Mechanical Engineering RWTH Aachen University

2 Outline 2 I. Robotics in general About robotics, multiple scenarios, facts and numbers II. Robotics in public administration The vision of a smart city, III. leading to robotics in different scenarios Solutions A way to go open questions and issues to solve IV. Summary and a look ahead

3 Robotics in general About robotics: machine or robot? 3? Machine or robot: What are the differences? Machine Robot [2] [1]! A robot differs from a machine by regulating itself. It gathers and receives information from outside and utilizes it to adjust and consider it in further situations.

4 Robotics in general About robotics: Advancing towards modern machinery 4 Communication technology bandwidth and computational power Embedded systems miniaturization Semantic technologies Integration and analysis machines to relief hard, physical work Mechanical production systematically using the power of water, steam and later electricity [3] semi-automation in production processes Digital computing and communication technology, enhancing systems intelligence [4] fully-automated, self optimizing systems Everybody and everything is networked networked information as a huge brain [5]

5 Robotics in general About robotics: Humans as example 5 Human model: Systems that perceive, think, and act Perceive [6] Recognize the environment Act Do something Think Decide what to do next

6 Robotics in general About robotics: Humans as example 6 Technical systems that perceive, think, and act = robots Sensing Object Recognition Perceive Reasoning Feedback and Control Act Think Decision Making

7 Robotics in general Multiple scenarios: Household, industry, military, and medicine 7 Household Industry [7] [8] [9] [10] Military Medicine

8 Robotics in general Facts and numbers 8! Figures are climbing up as investments and markets grow [The Robot Report 2015] Dyson sponsored a robotics centre at Imperial College London for 5 million $125 million investments within the European Commissions Horizon 2020 $500 million investments in the next 5 years trying to catch up with China and Japan Google spent $643 million in a single acquisition buying Deepmind Prime Minister estimates a national $22 billion market in 2020 Overtook Japan to become the biggest robot market of the world, sold 38,000 robots in 2013! Summary: Robots are already used in multiple scenarios and use cases. The technology is available and high investments are already in place the race has already begun.

9 Outline 9 I. Robotics in General About robotics, multiple scenarios, facts and numbers II. Robotics in public administration The vision of a smart city, III. leading to robotics in different scenarios Solutions A way to go open questions and issues to solve IV. Summary and a look ahead

10 Robotics in public administration The vision of a smart city 10! Smart Cities: A place where Services and Robotics meet R,S S R,S S S R,S R,S [11]

11 Robotics in public administration leading to robotics for logistics tasks 11 Flexible concept for logistics Perceive: Position (GPS), speed, weather, task Think: Attitude and flight characteristics, safety Act: Set motor speed, drop packet Future of package delivery DHL [12] Resulting in Internet access down from the skies New delivery services First aid support Amazon Primary care (Emergency) [13] but also, new ways of crime TU Delft [10]

12 Robotics in public administration leading to robotics in garden maintenance and cleaning 12 New ways to handle cleaning and garbage collection! Street-cleaning! Park-cleaning! Garbage collection [14] [15] [16] as well as garden maintenance Plant care like watering, manuring, cutting, and sowing, planting, [17]

13 Outline 13 I. Robotics in general About robotics, multiple scenarios, facts and numbers II. Robotics in public administration The vision of a smart city, III. leading to robotics in different scenarios Solutions A way to go open questions and issues to solve IV. Summary and a look ahead

14 Solutions A way to go: The conditions have already been set 14 Healthcare / Home Automation, assistance Transportation Highly automated driving Manufacturing Self-optimizing plants, human-robot-collaboration Customer demands Software Trends AI mature for real-world applications Big Data Internet of Things Cloud-enabled robotics IT players stepping in Google Logistics Amazon (KIVA), DHL New players Start-ups Market Socio-economic Hardware Trends Sensors everywhere Highly integrated mechatronics On-demand components through additive manufacturing Trends Extending automations towards humanlike capabilities [Wichert, Dr.-Ing. Georg (2015): Die Zukunft der Robotik in der industriellen Fertigung, 2015]

15 Solutions A way to go: Solutions are in place 15 Percieve: Object recognition Think: Decisions in complex domains [18]!! Sensors getting cheaper (Google uses a $ laser scanner), low-cost version available for 8000$ Recognition of environment and representation in a world model! Handling uncertainty (POMDP)! Robust planning! Autonomous car from Stanford: optimal action selection, lane shifts, speed control, [19]

16 Solutions A way to go: Solutions are in place 16 Act: Complex robot kinematics! Inspired by nature: Rough-terrain robots that capture the mobility, autonomy and speed of living creatures [20] But, there is still work to be done Engineering Bringing things together Computer Science (Artificial Intelligence) Perception still an issue Decisions in partially observable environments Multi-robot and human-robot collaboration

17 Outline 17 I. Robotics in General About robotics, multiple scenarios, facts and numbers II. Robotics in public administration The vision of a smart city, III. leading to robotics in different scenarios Solutions A way to go open questions and issues to solve IV. Summary and a look ahead

18 Summary and a look ahead Robotics in public administration towards a Smart City 18 Pro use of robotics in public administration Security Robotics can preserve humans from dangerous work situations like military operations Caring professions Robotics can help to ensure medical and professional care especially in demographic change Workload reduction Robotics can help to reduce physical demands on workplaces. Moreover they can take on redundant, structured tasks Gain in time household assistance Fully-automated vacuum cleaners or lawnmowers cause a precious gain in time for everyday - life Contra use of robotics in public administration Manipulation Robotics can be manipulated. Moreover its programming can contain errors with serious consequences Human dignity Robotics currently do not meet human social needs. Caring Professions by robotics is a contempt on human dignity. Threat of workplaces Robotics, especially in industry, do not only support workers but also threat their workplaces by replacing them Human dependence on robotics People unlearn basic activities and get into dependence of robotics

19 Summary and a look ahead Hollywood is already there 19 Automated medical procedures! In the movie Elysium highly advanced "Med-Bays" are available. They autonomously scan for and treat illnesses. [21] Robots@Home! The Fifth Element features a whole array of home appliance robots. Some contemporary robotic vacuum cleaners already get pretty close. [22]

20 20 Thank you very much! Dr.-Ing. Tobias Meisen Managing director IMA phone: / tobias.meisen@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Co-authored by: Philipp Ennen M. Sc. Research Group Technical Cybernetics phone: / philipp.ennen@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de Univ.-Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Sabina Jeschke Head of Institute Cluster IMA/ZLW & IfU phone: sabina.jeschke@ima-zlw-ifu.rwth-aachen.de