Grade 8. Prentice Hall. Literature, The Penguin Edition, Grade Oregon English/Language Arts Grade-Level Standards. Grade 8

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1 Grade 8 Prentice Hall Literature, The Penguin Edition, Grade C O R R E L A T E D T O Grade 8

2 Oregon English/Language Arts Grade-level Standards Grade 8 READING Decoding and Word Recognition CCG: Analyze words, recognize words, and learn to read grade-level text fluently across the subject areas. *Suggested grade-level target for reading on own: Eighth Grade, 1,000,000 words annually. Read or demonstrate progress toward reading at an independent and instructional reading level appropriate to grade level. SE/TE: For Further Reading, 199, 415, 579, 723, 905, 1055; On Your Own, 200, 416, 580, 724, 906, 1056 Listen to and Read Informational and Narrative Text Listen to, read, and understand a wide variety of informational and narrative text, including classic and contemporary literature, poetry, magazines, newspapers, reference materials, and online information. TE: Options for Independent Reading, 2b, 204b, 422b, 586b, 728b, 914b; Promote Independent Reading, 200, 416, 580, 724, 906, 1056 ; CCG: Listen to, read, and understand a wide variety of informational and narrative text across the subject areas at school and on own, * applying comprehension strategies as *Suggested d d grade-level target for reading on own: Eighth Grade, 1,000,000 words annually. SE/TE: Talk About the Forms: Fiction and Nonfiction, 2 5; Short Stories, ; Types of Nonfiction, ; Poetry, ; Drama, ; American Stories, ; Fiction: Short Story, 28, 39, 54, 174, 209, 222, 237, 252, 265, 282, 290, 310, 345, 356, 363, 380, 390, 760, 919, 1017; Mystery, 106; Graphic Novel, 724; Nonfiction: Autobiography, 61, 147, 154, 181, 462, 906; Biographical Essay, 473; Chronological Essay, 490; Cause-and-Effect Essay, 494; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, 499; Critical Essay, 535; Historical Essay, 552, 557; Historical Account, 580; Narrative Essay, 440, 453; Speech, 165, 1010; Persuasive Speech, 514; Persuasive Essay, 519; Open Letter, 1034; Reflective Essay, 1038; Poetry, 581, 593, 704, 706, 953, 972, 992, 997, 1000, 1003; 1

3 (Continued) Sound Devices, 602, 604, 605, 609, 610, 611; Figurative Language, 622, 624, 625, 629, 630, 631; Imagery, 638, 640, 642, 678, 680, 682, 689, 690, 692; Narrative Poem, 656, 666; Lyric Poem, 659, 660, 665, 671; Drama, 733, 744, 776, 836; Oral Tradition: Myth, 932, 937; Cuento, 950; Tale, 959; Ballad, 962; Tall Tale, 974, 976; Comparing Literary Works, 78, 128, 172,280, 297, 378, 401, 501, 550, 702, 758, 880, 970, 1032 ; Make connections to text, within text, and among texts across the subject areas. SE/TE: Connecting to the Literature, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014, 1033; Literature in Context: Arts Connection, 478; Culture Connection, 254, 522, 938; Geography Connection, 920; History Connection, 64, 243, 446, 748, 796, 862, 997, 1012; Language Connection, 32; Law Connection, 562; Science Connection, 126, 184, 313, 539; Social Studies Connection, 15, 294, 392, 468, 964; World events Connection, 808 TE: Connecting to Literature, 6, 12, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 105, 126, 136, 153, 164, 173, 208, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 426, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 551, 590, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 723, 743, 759, 775, 834, 881, 918, 931, 936, 949, 958, 971, 991, 996, 1009, 1016,

4 ; Demonstrate listening comprehension of more complex text through class and/or small group interpretive discussions across the subject areas. SE/TE: Organizing a Group Discussion, 751; Critical Thinking: Discuss, 70, 162, 168, 234, 246, 342, 350, 450, 456, 470, 480, 532, 540, 606, 662, 672, 738, 832, 926, 956, 966; Thinking About the Selection, 36, 48, 58, 70, 84, 92, 136, 140, 180, 216, 234, 246, 262, 272, 289, 296, 350, 360, 370, 389, 400, 434, 450, 456, 470, 480, 493, 498, 500, 516, 524, 532, 540, 564, 606, 612, 626, 632, 639, 641, 642, 662, 672, 686, 694, 705, 708, 750, 762, 886, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 971, 973, 975, 978, 1012, 1020, 1037, 1040 ; Match reading to purpose location of information, full comprehension, and personal enjoyment. SE/TE: Purpose for Reading, 988, 990, 994, 998, 1000, 1002, 1004, 1007, 1008, 1013, 1014, 1020, 1021, 1022, 1025, 1042; Build Understanding, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014,

5 TE: Motivation, 7, 13, 28, 39, 54, 61, 80, 85, 106, 137, 154, 165, 174, 181, 201, 209, 222, 237, 252, 265, 282, 290, 310, 345, 356, 363, 380, 390, 417, 427, 440, 453, 462, 473, 490, 494, 499, 514, 519, 530, 535, 557, 581, 591, 602, 609, 622, 629, 638, 656, 665, 678, 689, 704, 725, 733, 744, 760, 776, 835, 882, 907, 919, 932, 937, 950, 959, 972, 974, 976, 992, 997, 1010, 1017, 1034, 1038 ; Understand and draw upon a variety of comprehension strategies as needed re-reading, self-correcting, summarizing, class and group discussions, generating and responding to essential questions, making predictions, and comparing information from several sources. SE/TE: Reading and Vocabulary Skills Preview, 24 25, , , , , , , , , , , , ; Reading and Vocabulary Skill Review, 94 95, , , , , , , , , , , ; Reading Strategy, 26, 52, 104, 152, 220, 250, 308, 354, 438, 460, 484, 512, 528, 600, 620, 654, 676, 742, 774, 946; Apply the Skills, 36, 48, 58, 70, 146, 220, 234, 246, 262, 272, 350, 360, 370,450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 532, 540, 606, 612, 626, 632, 662, 672, 686, 694, 750, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 1012, 1020 ; 4

6 Clearly identify specific words or wordings that are causing comprehension difficulties and use strategies to correct. SE/TE: Vocabulary Builder: Build Skills, 26, 52, 104, 152, 220, 250, 308, 354, 438, 460, 484, 512, 528, 600, 620, 654, 676, 742, 774, 946; Apply the Skills, 36, 48, 58, 70, 146, 220, 234, 246, 262, 272, 350, 360, 370,450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 532, 540, 606, 612, 626, 632, 662, 672, 686, 694, 750, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 1012, 1020 ; Vocabulary CCG: Increase word knowledge through systematic vocabulary development; determine the meaning of new words by applying knowledge of word origins, word relationships, and context clues; verify the meaning of new words; and use those new words accurately across the subject areas. Understand, learn, and use new vocabulary that is introduced and taught directly through informational text, literary text, and instruction across the subject areas. SE/TE: Reading and Vocabulary Skills Preview, 24 25, , , , , , , , , , , , ; Reading and Vocabulary Skill Review, 94 95, , , , , , , , , , , ; Vocabulary Builder: Build Skills, 26, 52, 104, 152, 220, 250, 308, 354, 438, 460, 484, 512, 528, 600, 620, 654, 676, 742, 774, 946; Apply the Skills, 36, 48, 58, 70, 146, 220, 234, 246, 262, 272, 350, 360, 370,450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 532, 540, 606, 612, 626, 632, 662, 672, 686, 694, 750, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 1012,

7 TE: Vocabulary Development, 6, 8, 10, 12, 13,14,16, 18, 20, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 40, 42, 44, 46, 52, 54, 56, 62, 64, 66, 68, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112,114, 116,118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 138, 140, 148, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 166, 172, 174, 176, 178, 182, 184, 200, 208, 210, 211, 214, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 238, 240, 242, 244, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 260, 266, 268, 270, 278, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 294, 296, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 346, 348, 354, 356, 364, 366, 368, 376, 378, 380, 382, 384, 386, 390, 392, 394, 396, 398, 400, 426, 428, 430, 432, 438, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 454, 460, 462, 464, 466, 468, 474, 476, 478, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 512, 514, 518, 520, 522, 528, 530, 534, 536, 538, 546, 548, 550, 552, 554, 560, 562, 564, 582, 590, 592, 594, 600, 602, 604, 608, 610, 611, 612, 618, 620, 622, 624, 628, 630, 636, 638, 640, 642, 654, 656, 658, 660, 664, 666, 668, 670, 676, 678, 680, 682, 684, 688, 690, 692, 700, 702, 706, 708, 732, 734, 736, 742, 744, 746, 748, 756, 760, 762, 774, 776, 778, 780, 782, 784, 786, 788, 790, 792, 794, 796, 798, 800, 802, 804, 806, 808, 810, 812, 814, 816, 818, 820, 822, 824, 826, 828, 830, 834, 836, 838, 840, 842, 844, 846, 848, 850, 852, 854, 856, 858, 860, 862, 864, 866, 868, 876, 878, 880,882, 884, 886, 908, 918, 920, 922, 924, 930, 932, 946, 948, 950, 952, 954, 960, 962, 964, 970, 972, 974, 976, 978, 990, 992, 998, 1000, 1002, 1008, 1010, 1012, 1018, 1020, 1028, 1030, 1032, 1034, 1036, 1038, 1040, 1050 ; 6

8 Develop vocabulary by listening to and discussing both familiar and conceptually challenging selections read aloud across the subject areas. SE/TE: Poetry Reading, 613, 627, 663, 673; Dramatic Reading, 235, 247, 687, 695. All selections can be read aloud. See pages 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014, and ; Determine meanings of words using contextual and structural clues. SE/TE: Context Clues, 598, 600, 606, 612, 615, 619, 620, 626, 632, 635, 644, 672 ; Analyze idioms and comparisons, such as analogies, metaphors, and similes, to infer the literal and figurative meanings of phrases. SE/TE: Idioms, 916; Figurative Language, 622, 624, 625, 629, 630, 631; Imagery, 638, 640, 642, 678, 680, 682, 689, 690, 692; Figurative Description, 705, 709 ; 7

9 Verify the meaning of a word in its context, even when its meaning is not directly stated, through the use of definition, restatement, example, comparison, or contrast. Determine pronunciations, meanings, alternate word choices, parts of speech, or etymologies of words, using dictionaries and thesauruses. SE/TE: Context Clues, 598, 600, 606, 612, 615, 619, 620, 626, 632, 635, 644, 672 ; SE/TE: Glossary, R1 R5; Use a Dictionary: 103, 307, 437, 653, 929, 989, R6; Using a Thesaurus, R7 Read textbooks; biographical sketches; letters; diaries; directions; procedures; magazines; essays; primary source historical documents; editorials; news stories; periodicals; bus routes; catalogs; technical directions; consumer, workplace, and public documents. ; Read to Perform a Task CCG: Find, understand, and use specific information in a variety of texts across the subject areas to perform a task. SE/TE: Talk About the Forms: Fiction and Nonfiction, 2 5; Types of Nonfiction, ; Nonfiction: Autobiography, 61, 147, 154, 181, 462, 906; Biographical Essay, 473; Chronological Essay, 490; Cause-and-Effect Essay, 494; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, 499; Critical Essay, 535; Historical Essay, 552, 557; Historical Account, 580; Narrative Essay, 440, 453; Speech, 165, 1010; Persuasive Speech, 514; Persuasive Essay, 519; Open Letter, 1034; Reflective Essay, 1038 ; 8

10 Synthesize information found in various parts of charts, tables, diagrams, glossaries, or related grade-level text to reach supported conclusions. Understand and explain the use of a complex mechanical device by following technical directions. SE/TE: Outline, 895; Maps and Schedules: 74-77; Making a Chart, 191, 262; Graphic Organizer to Analyze, 162, 544; Venn Diagram, 218, 715; Critical Thinking: Synthesize, 168, 516, 556; Glossary, R1; Using a Dictionary, R6; Using a Thesaurus, R7 ; SE/TE: Maps and Schedules, 74, 75, 76, 77; Recipe, 616, 617, 618, 619; Instructions, 698, 699, 700, 701 Identify and/or summarize sequence of events, main ideas, facts, supporting details, and opinions in informational and practical selections. ; Informational Text: Demonstrate General Understanding CCG: Demonstrate general understanding of grade-level informational text across the subject areas. SE/TE: Main Idea, 436, 438, 442, 443, 447, 449, 450, 454, 456, 460, 463, 464, 466, 469, 470, 475, 477, 480, 483, 502; Details, 24, 36, 48, 102, 116, 220, 306, 306, 308, 314, 322, 330, 342, 350, 356, 366, 436, 450, 456, 480, 1019; Facts and Opinions, 510, 512, 515, 516, 519, 520, 522, 523, 524, 527, 528, 531, 532, 536, 538, 540, 543, 544, 566 ; 9

11 Clarify understanding of informational texts by creating detailed outlines, graphic organizers, diagrams, logical notes, or summaries. SE/TE: Outline, 895; Maps and Schedules: 74-77; Making a Chart, 191, 262; Graphic Organizer to Analyze, 162, 544; Venn Diagram, 218, 715 Informational Text: Develop an Interpretation Predict probable future outcomes supported by the text, including foreshadowing clues. ; CCG: Develop an interpretation of grade-level informational text across the subject areas. SE/TE: Predicting, 24, 29, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 55, 56, 58, 62, 65, 69, 73, 94 ; Determine an author s implicit and explicit assumptions and beliefs about a subject based on evidence in the selection. SE/TE: Author's Influences, 1014, 1022; Author's Style, 152, 162, 166, 167, 168; Author's Purpose, 102, 104, 107, 109, 110, 113, 115, 118, 119, 123, 127, 129, 133, 134, 138, 140, 142, 145, 151, 152, 155, 160, 162, 165, 167, 168, 171, 186; Meet the Author, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014,

12 ; Infer the main idea when it is not explicitly stated, and support with evidence from the text. SE/TE: Main Idea, 436, 438, 442, 443, 447, 449, 450, 454, 456, 460, 463, 464, 466, 469, 470, 475, 477, 480, 483, 502 Informational Text: Examine Content and Structure Determine the author s purpose and perspective and relate them to specific details in the text. ; CCG: Examine content and structure of grade-level informational text across the subject areas. SE/TE: Author's Influences, 1014, 1022; Author's Style, 152, 162, 166, 167, 168; Author's Purpose, 102, 104, 107, 109, 110, 113, 115, 118, 119, 123, 127, 129, 133, 134, 138, 140, 142, 145, 151, 152, 155, 160, 162, 165, 167, 168, 171, 186; Meet the Author, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014, 1033 ; 11

13 Note and analyze instances of unsupported inferences, deceptive reasoning, persuasion, and propaganda in text. SE/TE: Evaluating Media Messages, 722; Critical Essay, 535; Speech, 165, 1010; Persuasive Speech, 514; Persuasive Essay, 519 ; Compare and contrast information on the same topic after reading several passages or articles. SE/TE: Comparing Literary Works, 78, 128, 172, 280, 297, 378, 401, 501, 550, 702, 758, 880, 970, 1032; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, 499; Critical Essay, 535; Historical Essay, 552, 557; ; Identify and analyze text that uses proposition (statement of argument) and support patterns (e.g., editorials). SE/TE: Critical Essay, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540; Speech, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 1009, 1010, 1011, 1012, 1013, 1014; Persuasive Speech, 514; Persuasive Essay, 519 ; Find similarities and differences between texts in the treatment, amount and depth of coverage, or organization of ideas on a particular subject. SE/TE: Comparing Literary Works, 78, 128, 172, 280, 297, 378, 401, 501, 550, 702, 758, 880, 970,

14 ; Synthesize and use information from a variety of consumer and public documents to explain a situation or decision and to solve a problem. SE/TE: Reading Information Materials, 75 79, , , , , , , , , Listen to text and read text to make connections and respond to historically or culturally significant works of literature that enhance the study of other subjects. ; LITERATURE Listen to and Read Literary Text CCG: Listen to text and read text to make connections and respond to a wide variety of literature of varying complexity. SE/TE: Cultural Context, 988, 990, 993, 994, 998, 1001, 1002, 1004; Historical Setting, 12; Oral Tradition: Myth, 932, 937; Cuento, 950; Tale, 959; Ballad, 962; Tall Tale, 974, 976; Meet the Author, 27, 38, 53, 60, 79, 129, 173, 221, 236, 251, 264, 281, 309, 344, 355, 362, 379, 439, 452, 461, 472, 489, 513, 518, 529, 534, 551, 601, 608, 621, 628, 637, 655, 664, 677, 688, 703, 743, 759, 775, 881, 947, 971, 994, 1014, 1033; Culture Connection, 254, 522, 938; Geography Connection, 920; History Connection, 64, 243, 446, 748, 796, 862, 997, 1012 ; 13

15 Demonstrate listening comprehension of more complex literary text through class and/or small group interpretive discussions. SE/TE: Panel Discussion, 262, 273, 361, 371, 751; Critical Thinking: Discuss, 70, 162, 168, 234, 246, 342, 350, 450, 456, 470, 480, 532, 540, 606, 662, 672, 738, 832, 926, 956, 966; Thinking About the Selection, 36, 48, 58, 70, 84, 92, 136, 140, 180, 216, 234, 246, 262, 272, 289, 296, 350, 360, 370, 389, 400, 434, 450, 456, 470, 480, 493, 498, 500, 516, 524, 532, 540, 564, 606, 612, 626, 632, 639, 641, 642, 662, 672, 686, 694, 705, 708, 750, 762, 886, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 971, 973, 975, 978, 1012, 1020, 1037, 1040 ; Literary Text: Demonstrate General Understanding CCG: Demonstrate general understanding of grade-level literary text. Identify and/or summarize sequence of events, SE/TE: Summarizing, 928, 930, 934, 940, 943, main ideas, and supporting details in literary 947, 948, 952, 954, 956, 961, 962, 966, 969, selections. 980; Paraphrasing, 652, 654, 658, 661, 662, 669, 670, 672, 675, 676, 678, 683, 684, 686, 689, 693, 694, 697; Summarize, 22, 216 ; 14

16 Literary Text: Develop an Interpretation CCG: Develop an interpretation of grade-level literary text. Predict probable future outcomes supported by the SE/TE: Predicting, 24, 29, 30, 33, 35, 36, 39, 40, text. 42, 45, 46, 47, 48, 52, 55, 56, 58, 62, 65, 69, 73, 94 ; Identify the actions and motives (e.g., loyalty, selfishness, conscientiousness) of characters in a work of fiction, including contrasting motives that advance the plot or promote the theme, and discuss their importance to the plot or theme. Identify and analyze the development of themes in literary works based on evidence in the text. SE/TE: Characters, 3, 206, 266, 268, 270, 278, 283, 284, 286, 288, 289, 291, 293, 295, 296, 738; Character's Motivations, 206, 834, 836, 838, 840, 844, 848, 852, 854, 858, 861, 868, 869, 870; Character Traits, 206, 250, 253, 255, 256, 257, 262, 272 ; SE/TE: Themes, 208, 354, 357, 359, 365, 369, 370, 916, 918, 921, 923, 926, 1035, 1037, 1039, 1041; Implied Theme, 207; Selections by Theme: Coming of Age, 39, 209, 282, 380, 390, 462, 591, 593, 659, 660, 682, 689, 997, 1000, 1003, 1056; Meeting Challenges, 174, 310, 356, 473, 484, 530, 605, 609, 616, 704, 744, 760, 906, 972, 1034, 1038; Quest for Freedom, 54, 165, 237, 290, 440, 514, 552, 557, 610, 656, 671, 755, 776, 835, 88, 1010; From Sea to Shining Sea, 7, 61, 75, 80, 154, 519, 580, 625, 665, 666, 680, 706, 724, 950, 953, 974, 992, 1017, 1026; Extraordinary Occurrences, 13, 85, 106, 137, 146, 181, 222, 265, 276, 427, 490, 494, 535, 544, 604, 622, 630, 631, 638, 919, 937, 976; The Lighter Side, 28, 200, 345, 363, 375, 416, 453, 499, 602, 624, 629, 640, 642, 678, 690, 692, 699, 932, 944,

17 Infer the main idea when it is not explicitly stated, and support with evidence from the text. Infer unstated reasons for actions based on evidence in the text. ; SE/TE: Main Idea, 436, 438, 442, 443, 447, 449, 450, 454, 456, 460, 463, 464, 466, 469, 470, 475, 477, 480, 483, 502 ; SE/TE: Characters, 3, 206, 266, 268, 270, 278, 283, 284, 286, 288, 289, 291, 293, 295, 296, 738; Character's Motivations, 206, 834, 836, 838, 840, 844, 848, 852, 854, 858, 861, 868, 869, 870; Character Traits, 206, 250, 253, 255, 256, 257, 262, 272 ; Literary Text: Examine Content and Structure CCG: Examine content and structure of grade-level literary text. Identify significant literary devices, such as simile, SE/TE: Literary Analysis: Build Skills, 26, 52, metaphor, personification, symbolism, dialect, and 104, 152, 220, 250, 308, 354, 438, 460, 484, irony, which define a writer s style, and use those 512, 528, 600, 620, 654, 676, 742, 774, 946; elements to analyze and evaluate the work. Apply the Skills, 36, 48, 58, 70, 146, 220, 234, 246, 262, 272, 350, 360, 370,450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 532, 540, 606, 612, 626, 632, 662, 672, 686, 694, 750, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 1012,

18 Evaluate how well literary elements contribute to the overall effectiveness of a selection. ; SE/TE: Literary Analysis: Build Skills, 26, 52, 104, 152, 220, 250, 308, 354, 438, 460, 484, 512, 528, 600, 620, 654, 676, 742, 774, 946; Apply the Skills, 36, 48, 58, 70, 146, 220, 234, 246, 262, 272, 350, 360, 370,450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 450, 456, 470, 480, 516, 524, 532, 540, 606, 612, 626, 632, 662, 672, 686, 694, 750, 932, 934, 938, 940, 954, 956, 964, 966, 1012, 1020 ; Analyze and contrast the use of point of view, such as first-person, third-person, limited and omniscient, and subjective and objective, in literary text, and explain how it affects text. Analyze the importance of the setting (place, time, customs) to the mood, tone, and meaning of the text. SE/TE: Point of View, 207, 308, 311, 315, 318, 320, 323, 325, 327, 330, 331, 332, 333, 336, 339, 340, 341, 342, 346, 350 ; SE/TE: Setting, 22, 206, 222, 226, 228, 229, 231, 233, 238, 240, 242, 244; Tone, 424, 434, 550, 553, 554, 555, 556, 558, 560, 561, 563, 564, 565; Mood, 104, 112, 114, 116, 120, 121, 124, 125, 128, 130, 132, 134, 138, 141,

19 ; Analyze how dialogue is used to develop characters and mood in a selection. SE/TE: Dialogue, 774, 778, 780, 781, 786, 788, 790, 792, 793, 794, 797, 798, 800, 812, 813, 815, 816, 818, 819, 820, 826, 829, 831 ; Evaluate the structural elements of the plot, such as subplots, parallel episodes, and climax, including the way in which conflicts are (or are not) addressed and resolved. SE/TE: Plot, 26, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 40, 43, 46, 47, 48, 206, 278; Conflict, 18, 36, 48, 52, 56, 58, 62, 66, 67, 68, 70, 206, 213, 214, 657, 669, 670 ; 18

20 Identify and analyze recurring themes (e.g., good versus evil) across traditional and contemporary works. SE/TE: Themes, 208, 354, 357, 359, 365, 369, 370, 916, 918, 921, 923, 926, 1035, 1037, 1039, 1041; Implied Theme, 207; Selections by Theme: Coming of Age, 39, 209, 282, 380, 390, 462, 591, 593, 659, 660, 682, 689, 997, 1000, 1003, 1056; Meeting Challenges, 174, 310, 356, 473, 484, 530, 605, 609, 616, 704, 744, 760, 906, 972, 1034, 1038; Quest for Freedom, 54, 165, 237, 290, 440, 514, 552, 557, 610, 656, 671, 755, 776, 835, 88, 1010; From Sea to Shining Sea, 7, 61, 75, 80, 154, 519, 580, 625, 665, 666, 680, 706, 724, 950, 953, 974, 992, 1017, 1026; Extraordinary Occurrences, 13, 85, 106, 137, 146, 181, 222, 265, 276, 427, 490, 494, 535, 544, 604, 622, 630, 631, 638, 919, 937, 976; The Lighter Side, 28, 200, 345, 363, 375, 416, 453, 499, 602, 624, 629, 640, 642, 678, 690, 692, 699, 932, 944, 959 ; WRITING Planning, Evaluation, and Revision CCG: Pre-write, draft, revise, edit, and publish across the subject areas. Use a variety of strategies to prepare for writing, SE/TE: Prewriting : brainstorming for job such as brainstorming, making lists, mapping, situations, 766; browsing, 300, 1047; conducting outlining, grouping related ideas, using graphic a newswatch, 893; conducting media flip-through, organizers, and taking notes. 571; flipping through magazines, 982; Freewriting, 191; holding round table, 571; listing, 96, 504, 982; making a blueprint, 191, 715; making timeline of personal experience, 715; matching task with time, 646; self-interview, 893,

21 Discuss ideas for writing with classmates, teachers, and other writers, and develop drafts alone and collaboratively. SE/TE: Prewriting, 96, 191, 300, 407, 504, 571, 646, 715, 766, 893, 982, 1047; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Identify audience and purpose. SE/TE: Prewriting, 96, 191, 300, 407, 504, 571, 646, 715, 766, 893, 982, 1047; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Choose the form of writing that best suits the intended purpose personal letter, letter to the editor, review, poem, report, or narrative. SE/TE: Description of a Person, ; Autobiographical Essay, ; Response to Literature: Critical Review ; Short Story, ; How-to Essay, ; Persuasion: Editorial to Solve a Problem, ; Writing for Assessment, ; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, ; Business Letter, ; Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Cause-and-Effect Essay, ; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013,

22 Use the writing process prewriting, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing successive versions. SE/TE: Description of a Person, ; Autobiographical Essay, ; Response to Literature: Critical Review ; Short Story, ; How-to Essay, ; Persuasion: Editorial to Solve a Problem, ; Writing for Assessment, ; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, ; Business Letter, ; Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Cause-and-Effect Essay, ; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Focus on a central idea, excluding loosely related, extraneous, and repetitious information. SE/TE: Narrowing Topic, 407, 571, 715, 1047; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Use a scoring guide to review, evaluate, and revise writing for meaning and clarity. SE/TE: Reflecting on Your Writing & Rubric for Self Assessment, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986,

23 Revise drafts for word choice, appropriate organization, consistent point of view and transitions between paragraphs, passages, and ideas. SE/TE: Revising: Word Choice, 194, 301, 410, 647, 767, 987, 1050; Sentence Beginnings, 194, 719; Sentences, 408, 574, 768; Paragraphs, 97, 194, 410, 505, 718, 1050; Overall Structure, 505, 574, 647, 718, 767, 896, 983 Edit and proofread one s own writing, as well as that of others, using the writing conventions, and, for example, an editing checklist or list of rules with specific examples of corrections of specific errors. SE/TE: Editing and Proofreading, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053 Writing CCG: Communicate supported ideas across the subject areas, including relevant examples, facts, anecdotes, and details appropriate to audience and purpose that engage reader interest; organize information in clear sequence, making connections and transitions among ideas, sentences, and paragraphs; and use precise words and fluent sentence structures that support meaning. These standards are assessed using Oregon s Official Writing Scoring Guide in grades 3 - CIM. Create compositions that engage the reader, have a clear message, a coherent thesis, and end with a clear and well-supported conclusion. SE/TE: Writing Workshops, , , , , , , , , , , , ; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013,

24 Support theses or conclusions with quotations, opinions from experts, paraphrases, analogies, and/or similar devices. SE/TE: Providing Elaboration, 97, 192, 408, 505, 572, 716, 895, 983, 1048; Gathering Details, 96, 191, 300, 407, 504, 571, 646, 715, 766, 893, 982, 1047 Establish coherence within and among paragraphs through effective transitions and parallel structures. SE/TE: Revising: Paragraphs, 97, 194, 410, 505, 718, 1050; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Use descriptive language that clarifies and enhances ideas by establishing tone and mood through figurative language, sensory images, and comparisons. SE/TE: Providing Elaboration, 97, 192, 408, 505, 572, 716, 895, 983, 1048; Gathering Details, 96, 191, 300, 407, 504, 571, 646, 715, 766, 893, 982, 1047 To present a lively and effective personal style, use varied sentence types (simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex) and sentence openings. SE/TE: Sentence Beginnings, 194, 719; Sentences, 408, 574, 768; Paragraphs, 97, 194, 410, 505, 718,

25 To enhance clarity and to support meaning, use parallelism in sentence construction to present items in a series and items juxtaposed for emphasis. SE/TE: Sentence Beginnings, 194, 719; Sentences, 408, 574, 768; Revising, 97, 194, 301, 410, 505, 574, 647, 718, 767, 896, 983, 1050 To indicate clearly the relationship between ideas, use subordination, coordination, appositives, and other devices. SE/TE: Revising, 97, 194, 301, 410, 505, 574, 647, 718, 767, 896, 983, 1050 Conventions Spelling Use correct spelling conventions. SE/TE: Spelling Workshop, 188, 404, 568, 712, 890, 1044; Revising, 97, 194, 301, 410, 505, 574, 647, 718, 767, 896, 983, 1050 Grammar Use consistent verb tenses. SE/TE: Verbs, 248, 248, 274, 302, 352, 372, 410; Editing and Proofreading, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053 Correctly use frequently misused words (among, SE/TE: Revising, 97, 194, 301, 410, 505, 574, between; fewer, less; bring, take; and good, well). 647, 718, 767, 896, 983,

26 Demonstrate appropriate English usage. SE/TE: Grammar Handbook, R31 R47; Adjectives, 458; Adverbs, 482; Clauses, 872, 899; Conjunctions, 526, 575, 899; Interjections, 410, 751; Nouns, 50, 72, 98; Pronouns, 144, 170, 195; Verbs, 248, 248, 274, 302, 352, 372, 410; Editing and Proofreading, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053 Punctuation Use conventions of punctuation correctly, including commas, hyphens, dashes, and semicolons. Capitalization SE/TE: Punctuation, 968, 1006, 1051; Grammar Handbook, R31 R47; Editing and Proofreading, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053 Use correct capitalization. SE/TE: Editing and Proofreading, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053 Handwriting Write legibly. SE/TE: Publishing and Presenting, 100, 197, 304, 413, 508, 577, 650, 721, 770, 903, 986, 1053; Writing Handbook, R20 R30 25

27 Writing Modes CCG: Write narrative, expository, and persuasive texts, using a variety of written forms including journals, essays, short stories, poems, research reports, research papers, business and technical writing to express ideas appropriate to audience and purpose across the subject areas. * *Suggested word length: Eighth Grade, 500-1,000 words. Work Samples can be selected from any of the listed modes. Personal Narrative SE/TE: Personal Narrative, 135, 143 Fictional Narrative (Imaginative) SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Autobiographical Essay, ; Short Story, ; Writing Applications: Character Profile, 263, 273; Biographical Sketch, 451, 457; Diary Entries, 833; Myth, 935, 941; Personal Narrative, 135, 143 Expository SE/TE: How-to Essay, ; Persuasion: Editorial to Solve a Problem, ; Writing for Assessment, ; Comparison-and-Contrast Essay, ; Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Cause-and-Effect Essay, Persuasive SE/TE: Persuasion: Editorial to Solve a Problem, ; Writing for Assessment,

28 Writing Applications Narrative Writing Write biographical or autobiographical narratives SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Autobiographical or short stories: Essay, ; Short Story, ; Writing Relate a clear, coherent incident, event, or Applications: Character Profile, 263, 273; situation by using well-chosen details. Biographical Sketch, 451, 457; Diary Entries, 833; Reveal the significance of, or the writer s attitude Myth, 935, 941; Personal Narrative, 135, 143 about, the subject. Use narrative and descriptive strategies, including relevant dialogue, specific action, physical description, background description, and comparison or contrast of characters. Expository Writing: Response to Literary Text Write responses to literature: Demonstrate careful reading and insight into interpretations. Connect the student s own responses to the writer s techniques and to specific textual references. Draw supported inferences about the effects of a literary work on its audience. Support interpretations through references to the text, other works, other authors, or to personal knowledge. SE/TE: Response to Literature: Critical Review ; Writing for Assessment, ; Writing, 37, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Expository Writing: Research Reports/Multimedia Presentations Write research reports: SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Specify a thesis. Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, Use a variety of primary and secondary sources, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, and distinguish the nature and value of each. 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, Include important ideas, concepts, and direct 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, quotations from significant information sources, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 and paraphrase and summarize different perspectives on the topic, as appropriate. Organize and display information on charts, tables, maps, and graphs. Document sources. 27

29 Persuasive Writing Write persuasive compositions: Include a well-defined thesis that makes a clear and knowledgeable judgment or appeal. Present detailed evidence, examples, and reasoning to support arguments, differentiating between facts and opinions. Provide details, reasons, and examples, arranging them effectively by anticipating and answering reader concerns and counterarguments. SE/TE: Persuasion: Editorial to Solve a Problem, ; Writing for Assessment, Writing Applications Summaries, Business Letters, Job Applications and Resumes, Technical Writing SE/TE: Business Letter, ; Letters, 59, 71, 871; Critical analysis, 957 Write documents related to career development, including simple business letters, job applications and resumes that: Present information purposefully and succinctly, meeting the needs of the intended audience. Follow the conventional format for the type of document (e.g., letter of inquiry, memorandum) SE/TE: Business Letter, ; Letters, 59, 71, 871; Critical analysis,

30 Write technical documents: Identify the sequence of activities needed to design a system, operate a tool, or explain the bylaws of an organization s constitution or guidelines. Include all the factors and variables that need to be considered. Use formatting techniques, including headings, and changing the fonts to aid comprehension. SE/TE: Instructions, 698; Public Documents, 754; Consumer Documents, 74 Identify topics; develop high-level questions for inquiry; develop sub-questions to guide research of sub-topics. Research Report Writing CCG: Investigate topics of interest and importance across the subject areas, selecting appropriate media sources, using effective research processes, and demonstrating ethical use of resources and materials. (See Writing Applications-Expository Writing: Research Reports) SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Use effective note-taking techniques to ensure appropriate documentation of quoted as well as paraphrased material. SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013,

31 Plan and conduct multiple-step information searches by using computer networks. SE/TE: Internet, 49, 423; Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Analyze the validity and reliability of primary and secondary sources, and use the information appropriately. SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Achieve an effective balance between documented researched information and original ideas. SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R25; Annotated Bibliography, 263,

32 Use appropriate methods of citation for quoted as well as paraphrased material (e.g., Works Cited Entries-MLA, Reference Entries-APA). SE/TE: Research Report, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research and Technology, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscript, R25; Annotated Bibliography, 263, 273 Develop a focus and present information to achieve particular purposes by matching the message, vocabulary, voice modulation, expression, and tone to the audience and purpose. SPEAKING AND LISTENING Speaking CCG: Communicate supported ideas across the subject areas using oral, visual, and multimedia forms in ways appropriate to topic, context, audience, and purpose; organize oral, visual, and multimedia presentations in clear sequence, making connections and transitions among ideas and elements; use language appropriate to topic, context, audience, and purpose; and demonstrate control of eye contact, speaking rate, volume, enunciation, inflection, gestures, and other non-verbal techniques. * *Suggested speech length: Eighth Grade, 3-6 minutes. These standards are assessed using Oregon s Official Speaking Scoring Guide for the purpose of classroom work sample assessment. SE/TE: Communication Workshop: Effective Listening and Note Taking, 198; Conducting Interviews, 414; Evaluating an Informational Presentation, 578; Evaluating Media Messages, 722; Delivering an Instructional Presentation, 904; Delivering a Persuasive Speech Using Multimedia, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer 31

33 Outline a speech based on a chosen pattern of SE/TE: Delivering a Persuasive Speech Using organization, including an introduction; transitions, Multimedia, 1054; Introductory Speech, 533, 541; previews, and summaries; a logically developed Memorial Speech, 471, 481 body; and an effective conclusion. Use credible and relevant information to convey message. Use feedback, including both verbal and nonverbal cues to reconsider and modify the organizational structure and to rearrange words and sentences to clarify the meaning. Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Use precise language, action verbs, sensory details, appropriate and colorful modifiers, and the active rather than the passive voice in ways that enliven oral presentations. Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer SE/TE: Communication Workshop: Delivering an Instructional Presentation, 904; Delivering a Persuasive Speech Using Multimedia, 1054; Multimedia Report, ; Oral Presentation, 163, 169, 935, 941, 1005; Oral Description, 135, 143; Debate, 517, 525; Group Discussion,751; Introductory Speech, 533, 541; Memorial Speech, 471,

34 Use appropriate grammar. Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer SE/TE: Communication Workshop: Delivering an Instructional Presentation, 904; Delivering a Persuasive Speech Using Multimedia, 1054; Multimedia Report, ; Oral Presentation, 163, 169, 935, 941, 1005; Oral Description, 135, 143; Debate, 517, 525; Group Discussion,751; Introductory Speech, 533, 541; Memorial Speech, 471, 481 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer Use appropriate enunciation, pace, eye contact, SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, and gestures to engage the audience during formal 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, presentations. 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Analyze oral presentations, including language choice and delivery, and the effect of the speaker s interpretations on the listener. Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer Listening CCG: Listen critically and respond appropriately across the subject areas. SE/TE: Delivering an Instructional Presentation, 904; Delivering a Persuasive Speech Using Multimedia, 1054; Multimedia Report, ; Oral Presentation, 163, 169, 935, 941, 1005; Oral Description, 135, 143; Debate, 517, 525; Group Discussion,751; Introductory Speech, 533, 541; Memorial Speech, 471, 481 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer 33

35 Paraphrase a speaker s purpose and point of view, and ask relevant questions concerning the speaker s content, delivery, and purpose. SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer Analysis CCG: Evaluate the significance and accuracy of information and ideas presented in oral, visual, and multimedia communications across the subject areas. Provide constructive feedback to speakers concerning the coherence and logic of a speech s content and delivery and its overall impact upon the listener. SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer Evaluate the credibility of a speaker (e.g., hidden agendas, slanted or biased material). SE/TE: Communication Workshop, 198, 414, 578, 722, 904, 1054; Listening and Speaking, 49, 59, 71, 235, 247, 263, 273, 343, 351, 361, 371, 451, 457, 471, 481, 517, 525, 533, 541, 607, 613, 627, 633, 663, 673, 687, 695, 751, 939, 941, 955, 965, 967, 1013, 1021 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer 34

36 Interpret and evaluate the various ways in which visual image-makers (e.g., graphic artists, illustrators, news photographers, film makers) communicate information and affect impressions and opinions. SE/TE: Evaluating an Informational Presentation, 578; Evaluating Media Messages, 722 Express CD-ROM; Teacher Express CD-ROM; Online Essay Scorer 35