What is global warming?

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1 What is global warming?

2 Global Warming, A Quick Poll Is global warming real? a) Yes b) No How much has the average temperature of the Earth risen in the last 100 years? a) ~ 0.5 C b) ~ 1.0 C c) ~ 5.0 C d) ~ 10.0 C Who is to blame? a) Human activities b) Nature causes c) ET d) NoCanTell! What is to blame? a) Ozone b) CO 2 c) H 2 O d) O 2 This is the highest temperature ever recorded in Earth s history. a) Yes. b) No.

3 Global Warming, A Quick Poll Is global warming real? a) Yes b) No How much has the average temperature of the Earth risen in the last 100 years? a) ~ 0.5 C b) ~ 1.0 C c) ~ 5.0 C d) ~ 10.0 C As far as we know, this is the highest temperature ever recorded in Earth s history. a) Yes. b) No. Who is to blame? a) Human activities b) Nature causes c) ET d) NoCanTell! What is to blame? a) Ozone b) CO 2 c) H 2 O d) O 2 e) NoCanTell. It is real complicated!

4 Global Warming There is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the Earth s atmosphere in the last 100 years It has risen about 1 C since 1900 Are human activities causing global warming? What other (non-human) factors can cause global warming? How does global warming affect our life?

5 How Global Warming Works Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)

6 Example of the Greenhouse Effect The Sun s energy passes through the car s windshield. This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.

7 Greenhouse Gases The primary components of Earth s atmosphere, N 2 and O 2 do not have absorption in the IR wavelength range, therefore, do not have a significant role in setting the surface temperature of the planet Greenhouse gas are efficient in absorbing IR light The most important greenhouse gases are: H 2 O Water vapor. CO 2 Carbon Dioxide CH 4 methane The most abundant greenhouse gas in Earth s atmosphere is water vapor. Most of the greenhouse heating of Earth s atmosphere is due to Water vapor absorption of IR radiation emitted by Earth, and then transferring the energy to the surrounding air molecule

8 Which gas is keeping the Earth warm? A. N 2? B. O 2? C. CO 2? D. H 2 O? The major natural greenhouse gases are water vapor, which causes about 36-70% of the greenhouse effect on Earth (not including clouds); carbon dioxide, which causes 9-26%; methane, which causes 4-9%, and ozone, which causes 3-7%. Note that it is not really possible to assert that a certain gas causes a certain percentage of the greenhouse effect, because the influences of the various gases are not additive. (The higher ends of the ranges quoted are for the gas alone; the lower ends, for the gas counting overlaps.)[3] [4]

9 Global Warming Overview

10 Futurama

11 Albedo

12 What s the difference between global warming and climate change?

13 Difference GLOBAL WARMING is the increase of the Earth s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.

14 Effects of Global Warming Rising Sea Level Increased Temperature Habitat Damage and Species Affected Changes in Water Supply

15 What s the proof that global warming is taking place?

16 Alaska Portage Glacier Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org

17 Arctic Melting

18 Arizona Colorado River June 2002 Dec 2003

19 Little Penguins

20 Polar Bears

21 Coral Reefs

22 Glacier melting

23 Why is global warming happening?

24 Burning of Fossil Fuels Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oil

25 When did global warming start?

26 Global Atmospheric Concentration of CO2

27 How is global warming measured?

28 Ice Core Data CO 2 Measurements Before Antarctica

29 CO 2 Atmospheric Measurements CO 2 Measurements Since 1958 Mauna Loa, Hawaii

30 Degree Celsius Increase Parts Per Million 1000 Years of CO2 and Global Warming Temperature (Northern Hemisphere) CO2 Concentrations Year Year

31 Global Warming: Shifting Gears

32 Billions of Metric Tons Carbon 2007 Goal: Reductions in CO 2 Per Year

33 Billions Gigaton of Metric Carbon Tons Carbon Our Goal 2007 Reductions in CO 2 Per Year Produce electricity efficiently Use electricity efficiently Vehicle efficiency Solar and Wind Power Biofuels Carbon capture and storage

34 What s being done now to reduce our emissions? Wind Power Solar Power Fuel-Efficiency

35 Cow Waste

36 What can you do to help solve the problem?

37 Simple Things To Do Turn off your computer or the TV when you re not using it. Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy. Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains. Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Use compact fluorescent bulbs.

38 Living green pays off

39 GeoThermal

40 Be Bulb Smart Use CFLs Incandescent What s the difference? Compact Fluorescent 500 lbs. of coal 1,430 lbs. CO 2 pollution avoided $30 saved

41 Simple Things To Do Dress lightly when it s hot instead of turning up the air conditioning. Or use a fan. Dress warmly when it s cold instead of turning up the heat. Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC and furnace clean. Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car. Plant a tree. Recycle.

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