Maritime emission regulations in ECA s. John Snakenburg SICK NV Account Manager Process Automation Netherlands

Transcription

1 Maritime emission regulations in ECA s John Snakenburg SICK NV Account Manager Process Automation Netherlands

2 Content Regulations Emission Control Area (ECA) Schematic of Maritime Exhaust Gas Cleaning - parameter check or continuous measurement Summary

3 Regulations Marine diesel engines 90% of all global trade is performed by ship Most ships are operated by diesel engines Most diesel engines use HFO with 3% sulphur content Diesel engines have an environmental effect Big harbours having more emission caused by ships than by traffic or power plants Specific fuel consumption (SFC) = 200 g / kw Ship engine typical 25 MW = 5 t fuel consumption per hour = 120 t per day!

4 Regulations World ship fleet end 2011 More than ships on duty Approx new ships every year Type of ship number of ships 2010 number of ships 2011 Oil tanker Product tanker Chemical tanker Liquified gas (LNG/LPG) Other tankers Bulk Cargo Multipurpose Freighter Container Vessel Reefer Vessel RoRo Freighter RoRO Freigther / Passenger Cruising Ships Passenger Ships Other dry Freigthers total

5 Regulations International Maritime Organization IMO The International Maritime Organization IMO is an organization of the United Nations located in London. Established in Geneva 1948 Entered into force 1958 First IMO meeting Member States All major ship owning nations All major coastal states International and non government organizations Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC)

6 Regulations MARPOL revised Annex VI MARPOL Annex VI Regulations for Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships Chapter 1 General Starting in 2016 Chapter 2 Survey, Certification and means of Control 2015: For any fuel oil used on board Chapter 3 Requirements for Control of Emissions from Ships Regulation 12 - Ozone Depleting Substances Regulation 13 - Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Regulation 14 - Sulphur Oxides (SOX) and Particulate Matter Regulation 15 - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Regulation 16 - Shipboard Incineration Regulation 17 - Reception Facilities Regulation 18 - Fuel Oil Availability and Quality

7 % sulphur Regulations SOx reduction in ECA MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14 (SOx and PM) global ECA's ports in ECA s, sulphur emission has to reduced to 0,1%. Options: Use of low sulphur fuel, liquified natural gas (LNG) or exhaust gas treatment.

8 Regulations NOx limits reduced MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 13 (NOx) g/kwh Tier I 2011 Tier II 2016 Tier III for ECA's rpm 2016 in ECA s, low NOx will need exhaust gas treatment DeNOx needs control and monitoring systems

9 Emission Control Area ECA North Sea Baltic Sea 62 N 4 W 5 W

10 Emission Control Area ECA United States of America Canada Caribbean, Puerto Rico and Virgin Island Other are in discussion Coasts of Mexico, Alaska, Singapore, Hong Kong, Australie, Black Sea..

11 Emission Control Area ECA Monitoring by government CompMon: Consortium of members states and their organizations for the implementation of Annex VI emission compliancy monitoring. Participation: FI, NL, SE, DK, DE and BE.

12 Schematic of maritime exhaust gas cleaning Ship cost structure main cost is fuel Port dues 7% Capital costs 15% Canal tolls & misc 3% Manning 7% Repairs & Maintenance 3% Admin / Management 3% Stores & Lubes 2% Insurance 1% Cargo Handling costs 1% Sales 1% Ship Cost Structure Heavy Fuel Oil 400 /t interest 6% 15 years financing source Wärtsila Bunkers 57% MDO is approx. 50% more expensive than HFO. Ship-owners have to decide >> alternative fuel solution or exhaust gas cleaning

13 Schematic of maritime exhaust gas cleaning Scrubber typical Retrofit of a ferry in ECA with a scrubber installation.

14 Schematic of maritime exhaust gas cleaning Continuous emission monitoring Resolution MEPC.184(59) GUIDELINES FOR EXHAUST GAS CLEANING SYSTEM** With exhaust gas cleaning: - Scheme A: Parameter and daily emission checks - Scheme B: Continuous monitoring of SOx emissions The ratio from SO2 (ppm) and CO2 (%) content is monitored Need to be recorded not less than 0,0035 Hz (4:45 min) SO 2, CO 2, O 2, FLOW, PM QIRC Controller NO, NO 2, NH 3 QIRC Controller Additives Urea/ NH 3 Stack Scrubber Wet / dry high sulfur DENOX Catalyst Flow FLOWSIC100 MCS100E HW NO2, CH4, O2, NO, NH3, SO2, CO, CO2, H2O PM / Opacity DUSTHUNTER The emission values are basis for the OMM* and the EGC** report book NOx SOx *OMM = Onboard Monitoring Manual ** EGC = Exhaust Gas Cleaning

15 Schematic of maritime exhaust gas cleaning Scheme A or Scheme B (continuous emission monitoring) Strategic decision, which scheme A or B? A = daily spot checks B = continuous measurement daily spot checks are a lot of work! - Calibrating - Measure - Recalibrate Or you have a fixed analyzer installation.

16 Schematic of maritime exhaust gas cleaning Continuous emission monitoring system System implemented on board.

17 Summary : 2010 Sulphur content in ports are limited to 0,1% : 2012 Sulphur content first global step down to 3,5% : 2015 Sulphur is limited in ECA s to 0,1% : 2016 NO x is limited : 2020 Sulphur is limited globally to 0,5% : New Emission Control Areas are coming : Taxes (penalties) on Emission, : Reduced port and canal fees, with low emissions : Emission trading : Exhaust gas cleaning will be used : Continuous monitoring instead of parameter check

18 Thank you for your attention.