2. Where did the assassination that triggered World War I occur? a. Bosnia b. Belgium c. Alsace-Lorraine d. the Ottoman Empire

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1 Date CHAPTER 11 Form A CHAPTER TEST The First World War Part 1: Main Ideas Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) 1. Which of the following was not a cause of World War I? a. American isolationism b. imperialist competition c. the stockpiling of weapons d. European nationalism 2. Where did the assassination that triggered World War I occur? a. Bosnia b. Belgium c. Alsace-Lorraine d. the Ottoman Empire 3. What caused widespread starvation in Germany? a. a severe drought b. the devaluation of German currency c. the British blockade d. the Allied bombing of German farms 4. What did the United States use to overcome the threat of German U-boats? a. airplanes b. groups of guarded ships c. ships flying neutral flags d. a fleet of American submarines 5. Which of the following was a result of the Selective Service Act? a. African Americans could not become Army officers. b. Women could serve in combat positions. c. Troops were segregated by race. d. Men were required to register for military service. 6. Which weapons of mechanized warfare were introduced in World War I? a. battlefront trenches b. airplanes and tanks c. hydrogen bombs d. pistols and bayonets The First World War 213

2 7. Which of the following nations suffered the fewest casualties? a. France b. Great Britain c. Austria-Hungary d. the United States 8. Which of the following nations was not a member of the Big Four? a. Italy b. France c. Russia d. Great Britain 9. Who rejected Wilson s Fourteen Points peace plan? a. Allied leaders b. the Germans c. the U.S. Senate d. the League of Nations 10. What reason did Senators give for opposing U.S. membership in the League of Nations? a. It would lead to international instability. b. It would drain American finances. c. It would interfere with free-trade agreements. d. It would drag the United States into European conflicts. Part 2: Map Skills Use the map on page 215 to complete this section. Write the letter of the best answer. (4 points each) 11. In which country did most of the fighting shown on this map take place? a. Germany b. Belgium c. France d. Luxembourg 12. Which neutral country lies between France and Germany? a. Switzerland b. Luxembourg c. Belgium d. Netherlands 13. Through which three countries does the river Meuse flow? a. France, Belgium, Netherlands b. Switzerland, Germany, Netherlands c. Germany, France, Belgium d. Germany, Luxembourg, Belgium 214 Unit 3, Chapter 11

3 The Western Front, ENGLAND English Channel Somme N Front on NETHERLANDS Brussels BELGIUM Meuse R. LUXEMBOURG Allied Powers, 1916 Central Powers, 1916 Neutral countries German troop movement Allied troop movement capital city R. J uly 1, Miles Oise R. Paris Seine Marne R. Aisne R. R. Farthest German advance , Sept. Front on July 1, Moselle R Rhine R Kilometers GERMANY FRANCE SWITZERLAND 14. Which physical feature marks the northwestern border of the battlefront? a. the English Channel b. Great Britain c. the France-Belgium border d. the Swiss Alps 15. What was the length of the entire western front in September 1914? a. about 100 miles b. about 400 miles c. about 800 miles d. about 900 miles The First World War 215

4 Part 3: Document-Based Questions Historical Context: When the United States entered the war in 1917, it did not have the powerful army it needed to make an impact in Europe. To prepare for war, the government urged men and women to volunteer for the armed services. Study each document carefully and answer the question about it. (4 points each) Document 1 Document 2 U.S. recruitment poster, 1917 Battle of Cambrai, November 20 December 3, What does this poster ask young men to do? 17. What are the soldiers in this photograph doing? 216 Unit 3, Chapter 11

5 Document 3 October 26, 1918 About same as usual. Shelling all day. A few men killed and a few wounded. All snipers ordered to stay together. Went up to hole for my pack and got into hot barrage for awhile. Back and slept in old cellar in ruined orchard. 15 [men] in it. Another gas shell close this evening. Am about sick now. Barrage every morning and evening. October 27, 1918 Fine day but we did not enjoy it much. Established sniper posts in front of [our Companies] today. We have looked for relief by 180th brigade for last two nights. Nothing doing yet. Big push soon to come on this front. Hills to rear are covered with artillery both heavy and light. Back only 1 1/2 mile from front. Chow is carried up from rear by details from 2nd Battalion who are in reserve. They [Germans] shell roads, bridges, and river every time. Germans have it over us on observation. One shell wounded three this evening. Have dysentery and fever. Am so weak I can hardly get around. Irregular meals, dead horses, bad water, insufficient covering, and constant nerve tension are enough to kill anyone. Have seen men so badly shell shocked that they could not be held still when they heard a shell. October 30, 1918 Monday, Tuesday, and today all about the same. Wounded being constantly carried to rear. Shells, cooties [lice], and chow have about got me down. 179th brigade was relieved tonight by 180th. Most of snipers out by 12. Battalion formed 1/2 mile southeast of Romaine. Lay rest of night on top of ground. Just as soon as we hit a front, everyone gets dysentery. Don t know whether it is the chow or thoughts. from the war journal of Norvel P. Clotfelter, Supply Sergeant, Co. A, 344th Machine Gun Battalion 18. According to these journal entries, what hardships did soldiers face at the battlefront? 19. During World War I, how did the image of war presented in posters differ from soldiers actual experiences? Write a brief essay in response to this question, citing evidence and examples from the three documents. You may use the back of this paper or a separate sheet for your essay. (8 points) The First World War 217

6 Part 4: Extended Response Answer each of the following questions in a paragraph on the back of this paper or on a separate sheet. (10 points each) 20. What do you think people today can learn from the long-term results of the Treaty of Versailles? Think About: harsh terms imposed on Germany, including demand for huge reparations angry and vengeful feelings of the Big Four leaders who controlled the peace terms exclusion of defeated Central Powers and smaller Allied nations from peace conference 21. In what ways was World War I different from earlier wars in which the United States had been involved? Think About: weapons used in the war nations involved in the fighting people who lost their lives in the war where the fighting took place 218 Unit 3, Chapter 11