SECTION - 10 : SCHEDULED CASTES & SCHEDULED TRIBES

Transcription

1 SECTION - 10 : SCHEDULED CASTES & SCHEDULED TRIBES This section depicts the levels of living of the socially disadvantaged sections through some selected indicators covering the demographic, economic and social sectors. The incidence of poverty among the social groups and also the outlays and expenditure figures under special programmes implemented for the welfare of these groups are also dealt with : State-wise SC and ST (rural) population data for are given : Data on percentage of SC and ST population in total rural population are shown for : SC and ST (rural) population state wise for 2001 are given. 10.4: Size of SC & ST population in India along with decadal growth rates from 1971 to 2001 & are presented & 10.6 : The sex-wise literacy rates both among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes for 2001 & at All India level and in different States and UTs for the year are presented in these tables & 10.8: The social disparities in education are captured in these tables though there has been impressive performance of the socially disadvantaged in the field of education over time. 10.9, & 10.11: 10.12, & 10.14: to : School enrolment ratios according to social groups for the year are given in these tables. These tables provide data on social-group-wise drop-out rates at different stages for The distribution of landholdings among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes according to size groups for the reference year , & are presented respectively for each State and UT & 10.20: The incidence of poverty among Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in rural & urban areas for the years 1983, , , & are given. The state-wise incidence of poverty and among SCs and STs are presented : The amounts released under the Special Central Assistance under Special Component Plan for Scheduled Castes for to in different States and UTs are shown : This table contains data on number of villages under Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana : State-wise data on central assistance released and beneficiaries covered under release for relief to atrocity victims during to : State-wise data on central assistance released under the centrally sponsored scheme for implementation of the protection of civil rights act SCs and STs during to

2 10.25: State-wise data on status of implementation of self-employment scheme for rehabilitation of manual scavengers during : This table contains the data regarding to amounts released under Special Central Assistance under Tribal Sub-plan during to in respect of different States and UTs : State-wise releases made to State /UT/NGOs under the scheme development of particularly vulnerable tribal groups during to & 10.29: The year-wise number of SC/ST Swargozgaris assisted under Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) during the period to and progress of MGNREGA for the years to are included in these tables : The status in regard to the number of Primary Health Centres, Sub-Centres and Community Health Centres established in tribal areas of different states as on March 2011 are shown in this table. Highlights About 72 per cent of rural SC population reside in the seven states of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. As far as STs are concerned, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha and Rajasthan account for 70 per cent of the tribal population in rural India. The growth of SC & ST population in India has been higher in over 3.0 per cent per annum over the decades while that of overall social groups has been on decline. The growth of SC population has been on rise since 1981 while that of STs and all social groups have been declining. The gender differences in literacy have been still existing in all social classes. The literacy of females among SCs has been growing faster than that of STs. The backwardness of the states is also reflected in literacy levels. In states like Assam, Bihar, Kerala and Uttarakhand, the literacy rates among SCs and STs are very close. Though drop-out rates have been falling, they are still high. The gender disparity has reduced considerably at the primary stage. The landlessness among various social groups has been reducing and there has been increase in the concentration of marginal holdings. The percentage of households with less than one hectare is relatively more among STs compared to SCs. The shares of marginal holdings in operated area for different social groups in various states are low which can be interpreted as an indicator of economic inequality within each group. The gender disparities in landholdings are evident in all farm size categories.

3 Landlessness among ST households is observed mainly in Arunachal Pradesh (11.2 %), Kerala (14.3 %) and Mizoram (19.5 %). While among SCs, it is high in Arunachal Pradesh (73.1%) and Lakshadweep (100.0%). Poverty among SCs has declined almost at the rate of one per cent per annum during the last two decades, while such decline among STs is about 0.8 per cent per annum. Poverty levels among STs had gone up during the 11-year period ending with in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and Punjab. The coverage of SC and ST SHGs for financial assistance under SGSY was also lower. Under MGNREGA, the share of SCs and STs in employment was more than share in population; a welcome sign.

4 SECTION-10: SCHEDULED CASTES & SCHEDULED TRIBES Table 10.1: State-wise Scheduled Caste (SC) & Scheduled Tribe (ST) Population ( ) -Rural S.No. State/UT 1 Andhra Pradesh 2 Arunachal Pradesh 3 Assam 4 Bihar 5 Chhattisgarh 6 Goa 7 Gujarat 8 Haryana 9 Himachal Pradesh 10 Jammu & Kashmir 11 Jharkhand 12 Karnataka 13 Kerala 14 Madhya Pradesh 15 Maharashtra 16 Manipur 17 Meghalaya 18 Mizoram 19 Nagaland 20 Odisha 21 Punjab 22 Rajasthan 23 Sikkim 24 Tamil Nadu 25 Tripura 26 Uttaranchal 27 Uttar Pradesh 28 West Bengal Union Territories 29 A & N Islands 30 Chandigarh 31 D & N Haveli 32 Daman & Diu 33 Delhi 34 Lakshadweep 35 Puducherry All-India (Number in lakhs) SC ST Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Source: GOI, NSSO, Primary data ( ).

5 Table 10.2: Percentage of Scheduled Caste (SC) & Schedule Tribe (ST) Population in Total Rural Population ( ) S.No. State/UT SC ST 1 Andhra Pradesh 2 Arunachal Pradesh 3 Assam 4 Bihar 5 Chhattisgarh 6 Goa 7 Gujarat 8 Haryana 9 Himachal Pradesh 10 Jammu & Kashmir 11 Jharkhand 12 Karnataka 13 Kerala 14 Madhya Pradesh 15 Maharashtra 16 Manipur 17 Meghalaya 18 Mizoram 19 Nagaland 20 Odisha 21 Punjab 22 Rajasthan 23 Sikkim 24 Tamil Nadu 25 Tripura 26 Uttaranchal 27 Uttar Pradesh 28 West Bengal Union Territories 29 A & N Islands 30 Chandigarh 31 D & N Haveli 32 Daman & Diu 33 Delhi 34 Lakshadweep 35 Puducherry All-India Source: GOI, NSSO, Primary Data ( ). Males Females Persons Males Females Persons (%)

6 Table 10.3: State-wise Scheduled Caste (SC) & Schedule Tribe (ST) Population Rural (2001) State/UT SC ST (Number in lakhs) Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Andhra Pradesh Andaman & Nicobar Islands Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chandigarh Chhattisgarh Dadra & Nagar Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Lakshadweep Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur (Excl. 3 Sub-Divisions) Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Puducherry Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal West Bengal India Source:

7 Table 10.4: Population and Decadal Growth Rates of SC, ST and Total Rural Population (1971, 1981, 1991 & 2001 & ) All-India Census Population (Number in Lakhs) Decadal Growth Rate (%) Total* SC ST Total * SC ST $ $: NSSO unit level data. * : Includes rural and urban. ** : Includes the projected population of Jammu & Kashmir Note: Figures within the parentheses indicate percentages to total. Sources: Planning Commission, Tenth Five Year Plan , Volume II and NSSO, Unit level data on Employment and Unemployment. Table 10.5: Literacy rates of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Persons Sex-wise All India - Rural * (%) Year Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Male Female Persons Male Female Persons *: 7 years and above. Sources: GOI, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Selected Educational Statistics and NSSO.

8 State / UT Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Jammu & Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry Table 10.6: Literacy Rates * of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe Persons Sex-wise - Rural ( ) India *: age 7 years and above persons. Source: GOI, NSSO, Primary Data ( ). SC (%) ST Males Females Persons Males Females Persons

9 Level of General Education Table 10.7: Level of General Education - Rural Males (Persons of age 15 years and above) ( & ) (%) ST SC OBC Others All ST SC OBC Others All Not literate Literate & up to primary Middle Secondary Higher Secondary Diploma/Certificate Graduate & above Overall Level of General Education Table 10.8: Level of General Education - Rural Females (Persons of age 15 years and above) ( & ) ST SC OBC Others All ST SC OBC Others All (%) Not literate Literate & up to primary Middle Secondary Higher Secondary Diploma/Certificate Graduate & above Overall Source: GOI, NSSO, Report No. 516, Employment & Unemployment Situation among Social Groups in India, 61st Round, (July 2004 June 2005), October 2006 and NSSO, Primary Data ( ).

10 Table 10.9: School Gross Enrolment Ratios of SC & ST Children (%) Category/Class Enrolment Ratio SC ST Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Class I-V (6-11 Years) Class VI-VIII (11-14 Years) Class I- VIII (6-14 Years) Source: GOI, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Selected Educational Statistics

11 Table : Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER)- Scheduled Caste Scheduled Caste Students S. No. State/UT Classes I-V (6-10 years) Classes VI-VIII (11-13 yrs) Classes I-VIII (6-13 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A&N Islands Chandigarh D&N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA

12 Table 10.10: (Contd.) Scheduled Caste Students S. No. State/UT Classes IX-X (14-15 yrs) Classes XI-XII (16-17 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A&N Islands Chandigarh D&N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA

13 Table 10.10: (Contd ) Scheduled Caste Students S. No. State/UT Classes IX-XII (14-17years) Classes I-XII(6-17 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A&N Islands Chandigarh D&N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA Source: GOI, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Selected Educational Statistics

14 Table 10.11: Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) Scheduled Tribe S. No. State/UT Scheduled Tribe Students Classes I-V (6-10 years) Classes VI-VIII (11-13 yrs) Classes I-VIII (6-13 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A&N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA

15 Table 10.11: (Contd..) S. No. State/UT Classes IX-X (14-15 yrs) Scheduled Tribe Students Classes XI-XII (16-17 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA

16 Table 10.11: (Contd ) S. No. State/UT Classes IX-XII (14-17years) Scheduled Tribe Students Classes I-XII(6-17 yrs) Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA Source: GOI, Educationforallindia.com, Selected Educational Statistics,

17 Table : School Drop-out Rates Among SCs and STs (Rural + Urban) (%) Stage Drop-out Rates SC ST Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total Primary (I V) Elementary (I VIII) Secondary (I X) Source: GOI, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Selected Educational Statistics,

18 Table : Dropout Rates in Classes I-V, I-VIII AND I-X, SC Students S.No. State/UT Classes I- V Classes I- VIII Classes I- X BOYS GIRLS TOTAL BOYS GIRLS TOTAL BOYS GIRLS TOTAL 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh* Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh J & K Jharkhand* Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand * West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA Note : Zero indicates that there is no Drop-Out. Source: Educationforallindia.com, Selected Educational Statistics,

19 Table 10.14: Dropout Rates in Classes I-V, I-VIII, I-X ST Students S.No. State/UT Classes I- V Classes I- VIII Classes I- X BOYS GIRLS TOTAL BOYS GIRLS TOTAL BOYS GIRLS TOTAL 1 Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh* Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh J & K Jharkhand* Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand* West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Delhi Lakshadweep Puducherry INDIA Note: Zero indicates that there is no Drop-Out. Source: GOI, Educationforallindia.com, Selected Educational Statistics,

20 Table 10.15: Distribution of Rural Households of Different Social Groups by Size Class of Land Possession ( & ) Land possessed (Hec.) (%) ST SC All ST SC All No land & Above Source: GOI, NSSO, Report No. 516, Employment and Unemployment Situation among Social Groups in India, 61 st Round, (July June 2005), October 2006.

21 Table 10.16: Distribution of ST Households According to Land Possession State-wise (Rural) ( ) Scheduled Tribe (ST) (%) S.No. State/UT Size of land possessed (Hec.) of HHs with less than one hectare % Landless & above Households Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttaranchal Uttar Pradesh West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Lakshadweep Puducherry India : Not Available. Source: GOI, NSSO, Report No. 516, Employment and Unemployment Situation among Social Groups in India, 61 st Round, (July June 2005), October 2006.

22 Table : Distribution of Households According to Land Possession State-wise (Rural) ( ) Scheduled Caste (SC) (%) S.No. State/UT Size of land possessed (Hec.) of HHs with less than one hectare % Landless Households & above 1. Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttaranchal Uttar Pradesh West Bengal A & N Islands Chandigarh D & N Haveli Daman & Diu Lakshadweep Puducherry India Source: GOI, NSSO, Report No. 516, Employment and Unemployment Situation among Social Groups in India, 61 st Round, (July June 2005), October 2006.

23 Table 10.18: Number and Area of Operational Holdings in India (Number in thousands) (Area in thousand hectares) Category of Holdings SC ST All Marginal Number Area Number Area Number Area (76.11) Small (15.21) Semi-medium (6.31) Medium (2.03) Large (0.35) All size classes (100.0) (33.79) (25.30) (20.25) (14.02) (6.64) (100.0) (49.08) (25.69) (16.59) (7.53) (1.12) (100.0) (14.35) (21.61) (26.77) (26.22) (11.06) (100.0) (64.77) (18.52) (10.93) (4.93) (0.85) (100.0) (20.23) (20.91) (23.94) (23.11) (11.82) (100.0) Source: Table : Poverty among SCs and STs Rural & Urban India ( , , , & ) (%) Year SC ST Others Total Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban (Revised Estimates) Sources: GOI, Planning Commission, Eleventh Five Year Plan, , Volume I, Inclusive Growth and NSSO primary data

24 Table 10.20: Poverty Ratios Among SCs and STs State-wise and Rural (%) S.No. State SC ST All SC ST OBC Others Total 1. Andhra Pradesh Assam Bihar Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra Madhya Pradesh Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh West Bengal Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Uttarakhand All India : Not Available. 1. The estimates are based on the methodology outlined in the Report of the Expert Group on Estimation of Proportion and number of poor. 2. The Poverty line for all population is used for SCs & STs. 3. All India Poverty ratio is worked out from the NSS distribution of persons and (implicit) All India Poverty Line. Source: GOI, Planning Commission, Eleventh Five Year Plan, , Volume I, Inclusive Growth.

25 Table 10.21: Amount Released and Utilised under Special Central Assistance (SCA) for Special Component Plan (SCP) for Scheduled Castes ( to ) (Rs. in Lakh) State/UT Released Beneficiar ies Released Utilised Released Utilised Andhra Pradesh Bihar NR Chhattisgarh NR 0 NR Gujarat NR Goa 0.00 NR 0.00 NR 0 NR Haryana NR NR Himachal Pradesh NR Jammu & Kashmir NR NR NR Jharkhand * NR 0.00 NR 0 NR Karnataka NR Kerala NR Madhya Pradesh NR Maharashtra NR NR Odisha NR Punjab NR Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh NR Uttarakhand NR West Bengal NR NE Region Assam NR Manipur 0.00 NR NR Sikkim NR NR Tripura NR Union Territories Delhi NR 0 NR Puducherry NR Chandigarh NR 0 NR Total * Rs lakh has been reported to be transferred from Govt. of Bihar to Govt. of Jharkhand. NR: Not Reported. Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

26 10.22: Number of Villages Selected under Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAGY) S.No. State District Block Number of villages 1 Assam Bihar Himachal Pradesh Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

27 10.23: Central Assistance Released and Beneficiaries Covered under Release for Relief to Atrocity Victims ( to ) (Rs. in Lakh) State Central Assistance Released Number of persons covered * Andhra Pradesh Bihar Chhattisgarh Gujarat Haryana NA Himachal Pradesh NA NA Jharkhand NA NA Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Odisha Punjab NA Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttarakhand Uttar Pradesh NE Region Tripura NA Total NA: Not Available. *: Anticipated Coverage Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

28 10.24: Central Assistance Released Under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme for Implementation of the Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955 and the SCs and STs (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 ( to ) (Rs. in Lakh) State/UT Andhra Pradesh Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Nil Nil Karnataka Kerala Nil Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Odisha Punjab Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand 5.77 Nil NR NE Region Assam Nil Nil NR Sikkim Tripura NR Union Territories Delhi Nil Nil NR Puducherry A & N Islands Dadra & Nagar Haveli Daman & Diu 4.57 Nil 8.94 Chandigarh 3.00 Nil Total NR: Not Reported. Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

29 State/UT Number of Manual Scavengers / Dependents 10.25: Status of Implementation of Self-Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers (SRMS) ( ) Number of beneficiaries desirous of training Number of beneficiaries provided training (Number) Beneficiaries who cannot be provided loan Number of beneficiaries to be provided loan Number of beneficiaries provided loan Number % to column 2 (2-5) Bihar Gujarat Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Odisha Rajasthan Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal NE Region Assam Meghalaya Union Territories Delhi Puducherry Total Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

30 Table 10.26: State-wise Amount Released Under Special Central Assistance (SCA) to Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP) in India to (Rs. in Lakh) State/UT Fund Release Allocation Release As on (31/12/2010) Andhra Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Goa Gujarat Himachal Pradesh Jharkhand Jammu & Kashmir Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Odisha Rajasthan Sikkim Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttarakhand West Bengal Total Source: GOI, Annual Report , Ministry of Tribal Affairs.