Arrange the following forms of radiation from shortest wavelength to longest. optical gamma ray infrared x-ray ultraviolet radio

Transcription

1 Arrange the following forms of radiation from shortest wavelength to longest. optical gamma ray infrared x-ray ultraviolet radio

2 Which of the wavelength regions can completely penetrate the Earth s atmosphere? partially? x-ray visible gamma ray infrared ultra violet radio

3 is the intrinsic amount of Energy emitted by a star

4 is the intrinsic amount of Energy emitted by a star is the Energy observed from a star.

5 is the intrinsic amount of Energy emitted by a star is the Energy observed from a star. The relationship between Brightness and distance is

6 What is an emission spectra?

7 What is an emission spectra? Created by a hot, low-density gas.

8 What is an emission spectra? Created by a hot, low-density gas. emits light at specific wavelengths; each element has a specific pattern.

9 What is an emission spectra? Created by a hot, low-density gas. emits light at specific wavelengths; each element has a specific pattern.

10 What is an absorption Spectra?

11 What is an absorption Spectra? caused by a cooler layer of gas overlying a hot background source.

12 What is an absorption Spectra? caused by a cooler layer of gas overlying a hot background source.

13

14 According to the Doppler effect, when a star is moving towards the Earth it s spectrum will be

15 According to the Doppler effect, when a star is moving towards the Earth it s spectrum will be When a star is moving at a 90 angle to the Earth the spectrum will be

16 The Luminosity of a Star depends on the and the.

17 The Luminosity of a Star depends on the and the. L = 4 π r 2 T 4

18 What 3 zones are part of the Sun's atmosphere? A. Chromosphere, radiative zone, core B. Chromosphere, corona, photosphere C. core, corona, chromosphere D. convective zone, photosphere, corona

19 What 3 zones are part of the Sun's core? A. radiative zone, convective zone, corona B. radiative zone, convective zone, core C. core, corona, chromosphere D. convective zone, photosphere, corona

20 Stellar Interior

21 Stellar Interior Core T = 1.5x10^7 K (15.7 million K)

22 Stellar Interior Core T = 1.5x10^7 K (15.7 million K)

23 Stellar Interior Core T = 1.5x10^7 K (15.7 million K) radiative zone (2-7 million K)

24 Stellar Interior Core T = 1.5x10^7 K (15.7 million K) radiative zone (2-7 million K)

25 Stellar Interior Core T = 1.5x10^7 K (15.7 million K) radiative zone (2-7 million K) convective zone (2 million K)

26 Stellar Atmosphere

27 Stellar Atmosphere Photosphere (SURFACE OF THE SUN) (5700 k)

28 Stellar Atmosphere Photosphere (SURFACE OF THE SUN) (5700 k)

29 Stellar Atmosphere Photosphere (SURFACE OF THE SUN) (5700 k) Chromosphere (2000K to 20,000K)

30 Stellar Atmosphere Photosphere (SURFACE OF THE SUN) (5700 k) Chromosphere (2000K to 20,000K)

31 Stellar Atmosphere Photosphere (SURFACE OF THE SUN) (5700 k) Chromosphere (2000K to 20,000K) Corona (2million K: 2,000,000K )

32

33 What kind of spectrum is produced by the Sun?

34 How does the Sun produce Energy

35 How does the Sun produce Energy Hydrogen Fusion

36 How does the Sun produce Energy Hydrogen Fusion proton-proton chain

37 How does a Red-Giant produce Energy

38 How does a Red-Giant produce Energy Hydrogen shell burning

39 How does a Red-Giant produce Energy Hydrogen shell burning (still) burning Hydrogen into Helium

40 How does a Super-Giant produce Energy

41 How does a Super-Giant produce Energy Helium burning

42 How does a Super-Giant produce Energy Helium burning triple-alpha reaction

43 How does a White Dwarf produce Energy

44 How does a White Dwarf produce Energy (Trick question!)

45 How does a White Dwarf produce Energy (Trick question!) There is no more fuel! all the Hydrogen has been used. Now it s just cooling off (but it s really hot!)

46 How do you form a star?

47 How do you form a star? step 1: Start with a Giant molecular cloud

48 How do you form a star? step 1: Start with a Giant molecular cloud step 2: The cloud starts free-fall contraction

49 How do you form a star? step 1: Start with a Giant molecular cloud step 2: The cloud starts free-fall contraction step 3:contraction is slowed by increasing Temp and density. 1/2 the gravitational energy is used to heat up, the other 1/2 is radiated.

50 How do you form a star? step 1: Start with a Giant molecular cloud step 2: The cloud starts free-fall contraction step 3:contraction is slowed by increasing Temp and density. 1/2 the gravitational energy is used to heat up, the other 1/2 is radiated. step 4: The core becomes hot enough to begin fusing Hydrogen!

51 How do you form a star? step 1: Start with a Giant molecular cloud step 2: The cloud starts free-fall contraction step 3:contraction is slowed by increasing Temp and density. 1/2 the gravitational energy is used to heat up, the other 1/2 is radiated. step 4: The core becomes hot enough to begin fusing Hydrogen! Yay a star is born!

52 The luminosity of a typical super nova, during the explosion, will increase by a factor of A. a few B. a million C. a thousand D. a hundred billion

53 The Sun will not end it's life as a A. white dwarf B. planetary nebula C. pulsar D. red giant

54 What is a sunspot? What is a prominence? What are granules?

55 HR Diagram Which is the proper life cycle on the HR Diagram? 1. Main Sequence - White Dwarf - Giant Branch 2. Main Sequence - Giant Branch - White Dwarf 3. White Dwarf - Main Sequence - Giant Branch

56 Which is the correct Theory on moon formation? 1. The moon was captured by the Earth 2. The moon formed next to Earth 3. The moon was formed from a collision between Earth and a Mars sized object 4. The early Earth spun so fast if flung the moon out

57 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed 2. Planetesimals grow 3. Sun joins the main sequence 4. Dust grains grow 5. Protoplanets form

58 Solar System Formation

59 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest

60 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed

61 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed 2. Dust grains grow

62 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed 2. Dust grains grow 3. Planetesimals grow

63 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed 2. Dust grains grow 3. Planetesimals grow 4. Protoplanets form

64 Solar System Formation Put these in order from earliest to latest 1. Angular momentum redistributed 2. Dust grains grow 3. Planetesimals grow 4. Protoplanets form 5. Sun joins the main sequence

65 Age and Color

66 Age and Color What does it mean when you see a large amount of blue stars in a galaxy? Red Stars?

67 Age and Color What does it mean when you see a large amount of blue stars in a galaxy? Red Stars?

68 Age and Color What does it mean when you see a large amount of blue stars in a galaxy? Red Stars? What can this tell us about the relative age of elliptical and spiral galaxies?

69 Compact Objects

70 Compact Objects When is a White Dwarf formed? Neutron star? Black Hole?

71 Compact Objects When is a White Dwarf formed? Neutron star? Black Hole?

72 Compact Objects When is a White Dwarf formed? Neutron star? Black Hole? Order them by density, least to most.