Basic Electricity Notes
|
|
- Damian Roger Lucas
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Basic Electricity Notes EVERYTHING IS MADE OF ATOMS Imagine a pure gold ring. Divide it in half and give one of the halves away. Keep dividing and dividing and dividing. Soon you will have a piece so small you will not be able to see it without a microscope. It may be very, very small, but it is still a piece of gold. If you could keep dividing it into smaller and smaller pieces, you would finally get to the smallest piece of gold possible. It is called an atom. If you divided it into smaller pieces, it would no longer be gold. Everything around us is made of atoms. Scientists so far have found only 115 different kinds of atoms. Everything you see is made of different combinations of these atoms. PARTS OF AN ATOM So what are atoms made of? In the middle of each atom is a "nucleus." The nucleus contains two kinds of tiny particles, called protons and neutrons. Orbiting around the nucleus are even smaller particles called electrons. The 115 kinds of atoms are different from each other because they have different numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons. It is useful to think of a model of the atom as similar to the solar system. The nucleus is in the center of the atom, like the sun in the center of the solar system. The electrons orbit around the nucleus like the planets around the sun. Just like in the solar system, the nucleus is large compared to the electrons. The atom is mostly empty space. And the
2 electrons are very far away from the nucleus. While this model is not completely accurate, we can use it to help us understand static electricity. (Note: A more accurate model would show the electrons moving in 3- dimensional volumes with different shapes, called orbitals. This may be discussed in a future issue.) ELECTRICAL CHARGES Protons, neutrons and electrons are very different from each other. They have their own properties, or characteristics. One of these properties is called an electrical charge. Protons have what we call a "positive" (+) charge. Electrons have a "negative" (-) charge. Neutrons have no charge, they are neutral. The charge of one proton is equal in strength to the charge of one electron. When the number of protons in an atom equals the number of electrons, the atom itself has no overall charge, it is neutral. ELECTRONS CAN MOVE The protons and neutrons in the nucleus are held together very tightly. Normally the nucleus does not change. But some of the outer electrons are held very loosely. They can move from one atom to another. An atom that looses electrons has more positive charges (protons) than negative charges (electrons). It is positively charged. An atom that gains electrons has more negative than positive particles. It has a negative charge. A charged atom is called an "ion." Some materials hold their electrons very tightly. Electrons do not move through them very well. These things are called insulators. Plastic, cloth, glass and dry air are good insulators. Other materials have some loosely held electrons, which move through them very easily. These are called conductors. Most metals are good conductors. How can we move electrons from one place to another? One very common way is to rub two objects together. If they are made of different materials, and are both insulators, electrons may be transferred (or moved) from one to the other. The more rubbing, the more electrons move, and the larger the charges built up. (Scientists believe that it is not the rubbing or friction that causes electrons to move. It is simply the contact between two different materials. Rubbing just increases the contact area between them.)
3 Static electricity is the imbalance of positive and negative charges. OPPOSITES ATTRACT Now, positive and negative charges behave in interesting ways. Did you ever hear the saying that opposites attract? Well, it's true. Two things with opposite, or different charges (a positive and a negative) will attract, or pull towards each other. Things with the same charge (two positives or two negatives) will repel, or push away from each other. A charged object will also attract something that is neutral. Think about how you can make a balloon stick to the wall. If you charge a balloon by rubbing it on your hair, it picks up extra electrons and has a negative charge. Holding it near a neutral object will make the charges in that object move. If it is a conductor, many electrons move easily to the other side, as far from the balloon as possible. If it is an insulator, the electrons in the atoms and molecules can only move very slightly to one side, away from the balloon. In either case, there are more positive charges closer to the negative balloon. Opposites attract. The balloon sticks. (At least until the electrons on the balloon slowly leak off.) It works the same way for neutral and positively charged objects.
4 BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS EXPLAINED In this section we will discuss what a circuit is Circuit A circuit is a path for electrons to flow through. The path is from a power sources negative terminal, through the various components and on to the positive terminal. Think of it as a circle. The paths may split off here and there but they always form a line from the negative to positive. NOTE: Negatively charged electrons in a conductor are attracted to the positive side of the power source. Conductor A conductor is a material (usually a metal such as copper) that allows electrical current to pass easily through. The current is made up of electrons. This is opposed to an insulator which prevents the flow of electricity through it.
5 Simple Circuit If we break a circuit down to it's elementary blocks we get: 1) A Power Source -- eg: battery 2) A Path -- eg: a wire 3) A Load -- eg: a lamp 4) A Control -- eg: switch (Optional) 5) An indicator -- eg: Meter (Optional) Series Circuit A series circuit is one with all the loads in a row. Like links in a chain. There is only ONE path for the electricity to flow. If this circuit was a string of light bulbs, and one blew out, the remaining bulbs would turn off. NOTE: The squiggly lines in the diagram are the symbol for Resistors. The parallel lines are the symbol for a battery. Parallel Circuit A parallel circuit is one that has two or more paths for the electricity to flow. In other words, the loads are parallel to each other. If the loads in this circuit were light bulbs and one blew out there is still current flowing to the others as they are still in a direct path from the negative to positive terminals of the battery. There are specific properties to a parallel circuit that will be described in another section.
6 Combination Circuit A combination circuit is one that has a "combination" of series and parallel paths for the electricity to flow. Its properties are a synthesis of the two. In this example, the parallel section of the circuit is like a subcircuit and actually is part of an over-all series circuit.
7 VOLTAGE, CURRENT & RESISTANCE EXPLAINED In electronics we are dealing with voltage, current and resistance in circuits. In the next section we'll learn that by using Ohm's Law we can determine one value by knowing the other two (For example: Figure out Current by using Voltage and Resistance values). So it is important to firmly grasp the basics of Voltage/Current/Resistance first. We will describe these electrical terms using an analogy that closely resembles electronics HYDRAULICS. Voltage Voltage is the electrical force, or "pressure", that causes current to flow in a circuit. It is measured in VOLTS (V or E). Take a look at the diagram. Voltage would be the force that is pushing the water (electrons) forward.
8 Current Current is the movement of electrical charge - the flow of electrons through the electronic circuit. Current is measured in AMPERES (AMPS, A or I). Current would be the flow of water moving through the tube (wire). Resistance Resistance is anything that causes an opposition to the flow of electricity in a circuit. It is used to control the amount of voltage and/or amperage in a circuit. Everything in the circuit causes a resistance (even wire). It is measured in OHMS ( ).
9 Ohm s Law is a set of formulas used in electronics to calculate an unknown amount of current, voltage or resistance. It was named after the German physicist Georg Simon Ohm. Born Died TECHNICAL DEFINITION ALERT! Ohm's Law is a formulation of the relationship of voltage, current, and resistance, expressed as: Where: V is the Voltage measured in volts I is the Current measured in amperes R is the resistance measured in Ohms Therefore: Volts = Amps times Resistance Ohms Law is used to calculate a missing value in a circuit.
10 MULTIMETER ULTRA BASICS A handheld multimeter is the most important tool you will use in electronics. You will use it to determine voltage/amperage/resistance in a circuit, learn the relationship of V, I (amperage) & R to each other, troubleshoot, test circuits and countless other tasks. FEATURES Here are the features you will need or should look for in a meter: 1) It should measure: a. AC Voltage b. DC voltage c. Amperage d. Resistance e. Capacitance - Some do not have this. If so, find one that does or buy a capacitance meter separate. Don't try to convince yourself you do not need this feature. 2) Continuity Checker with audible beep. 3) Diode Checker with audible beep. 4) Optional but HIGHLY recommended is a frequency counter. 5) Try to get a meter with auto ranging and not one that you have to keep turning a dial (or pushing a button) to shift to different ranges. There is nothing more annoying then having to take your hands away from the probes to change from 300mV to +10Vs. 6) Make some alligator clips for the probe tips. My Fluke didn't come with them but I just bought a few push-on ones later.
11 NAME SECTION Electricity Review *List the three particles and their charges that make up an atom. Particle Charge *What is electricity? *What is a conductor? *What is an insulator? *Describe who the valence ring determines what type of material is produced by the number of electrons in it. *List six ways that we move electrons (EMF) *Draw an atom.
12 Name Section Partners Names + - Draw a simple closed circuit. + - Draw a controlled circuit using a SPST switch. + - Draw a circuit controlled by two switches (SPDT). + -
13 Draw a circuit that can turn two lights on and off alternately (when one is on the other should turn off) using only one switch. Draw an example of a series and parallel circuit. What is the difference between a battery and a cell? What does AC and DC stand for? Where does electricity want to go? 12 Volts 2 Ohms Amps I=20 R=2 E= V 10 A R 100 A 10 R V 5 A 25 V R 10 R 100 V A ACROSS 2 Particles that have no charge 4 Allows electricity to flow through it freely 6 Fuses and protect electrical circuits and devices 9 The "A" in AC 10 Measures electric pressure or force 12 Electricity wants to travel to here 16 Resists the flow of electricity 17 Electricity travels at the speed of (186,000miles/sec.) 19 The center of the atom 20 Measures the current of flow through a circuit 21 Multiple cells hooked up together DOWN 1 Particles that have a positive charge 3 Particles that have a negative charge 5 The "D" in DC 7 Lightning is a form of of this type of EMF 8 Moving electrons 11 Most common form of EMF 13 The outer electron ring of an atom 14 The light should be on in this type of circuit 15 Measure the resistance in a circuit 18 A side effect of resistance
14 Introduction to Electricity F U V N Y A E N Y M E W E N C D C P T U L G E E D E W F R Y W K R C T O A F S P O C O M C Q D D V O R X R B A F W Q D O D O E O I Q O T S T R H R E W O P A F Q B E I A E R K V K G F C K N U Q A C N U E T R O N S L J O M V Q W F L Z Z W O T X B A D N T Q V O L T A G E F E X Q J L F V Z F J L A U V S N I E U I R G S R N M P U Q N R M M I Z E V Z A P L V X D K D I R C T O V Q T I T T H C T I W S Y T L N Q E Y X B K A N R J B T N T A J C U R R E N T E P A T T O K Z D G V H Q Z I B A E O O A E O E A N E O D V S W R U F R V R M C I U J X U E X J R C L T J L U E I P L T M O T A N V A I H E Z O B G Z W G N H A U X I E G K D Z P Y T F M C F U S E B B V W T F V Q J P L A S T I C L T G R J O K L N P S Y M H A T C J Q S D N M L N Z N O I T A N I B M O C E L C L I Z N L J H J C L I Q A K K Y I G C R S P O S I T I V E A C N G Y S H F B L K H V A M P E R E S I S T A N C E G O L A O L G N Z X O Q R K O E Q D W O A E V C T E N C R I C D L S M H O I N Y O G F X X T Y Z U M U L T I M E T E R D L F A P P T E U L V K F Y K P C D N P B R T U T T E N H M O L U R P O A M J D Q Z L W B F P D I I O G C K Y A A C G G E D L A R U I H J D Z F Y M W G F S F I A R R Q L V B G D A I L W P R N F H M V S Y O Z I Z W X E C I O W Y C S G P E B M L E U U D W J Y H Y T C I O Y Q P F C U C J T Y S Q S L N B J M R S T Y N Y C E P Y Z K O L K P V F T X E P N D E F P G Y F Y D S J H M P L F F N G F F S J Z Q L P N R X T R P D H I B Z L F S G F O A I Y P K Z A N K G W M J U Y F J L M N B V Y D F P F Z E M N M Y C F F U X U S M J C W B V N M V V S S E J J M L O N K B W F K W H T O G X W N V E I T R F T D S N T S N U E R C E W N H O D U D E G T M Q N I D Z W K W B T K B G G Z F F I D A F J I P G E E U C W Y A S H Z E T Q O W W F P T E L N L K K Z E V F L J V Y M T I R R G Y W N X V W S A J T V S P M U N D D E L K AMPERES ATOM AUDIBLE BATTERY BREAKER CAPACITANCE CERAMIC CHEMICAL CIRCUIT CLOUD COMBINATION COMPOUND CONDUCTOR CONTINUITY CONTROL COPPER CURRENT DPDT ELECTRONS ELECTRICITY ELEMENT EMF FORCE FUSE GLASS GOLD GROUND HYDRAULICS INSULATOR ION LIGHT LOAD MAGNETIC MOTOR MULTIMETER NEGATIVE NEUTRAL NUETRONS OHMS PARALLEL PATH PLASTIC POSITIVE POWER PROTONS RESISTANCE SERIES SILVER SOURCE SPDT SPST STATIC SWITCH VALENCE VOLTAGE WIRE
15 ADDITIONAL NOTES
ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS
General Electricity is a form of energy called electrical energy. It is sometimes called an "unseen" force because the energy itself cannot be seen, heard, touched, or smelled. However, the effects of
More informationPS-6.2 Explain the factors that determine potential and kinetic energy and the transformation of one to the other.
PS-6.1 Explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to the transformation of various forms of energy (including mechanical energy, electrical energy, chemical energy, light energy, sound energy,
More informationTable of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Electrical Fundamentals Electron Theory Matter 4 MOLECULE
Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Electrical Fundamentals 4 Electron Theory 4 Matter 4 MOLECULE 5 The atom 6 Atom construction 7 Electrical charges 11 Balanced atoms 12 Ions 13 Electron orbits 15
More informationElectrical Fundamentals Module 3: Parallel Circuits
Electrical Fundamentals Module 3: Parallel Circuits PREPARED BY IAT Curriculum Unit August 2008 Institute of Applied Technology, 2008 ATE310- Electrical Fundamentals 2 Module 3 Parallel Circuits Module
More informationSTUDY GUIDE: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
319 S. Naperville Road Wheaton, IL 60187 www.questionsgalore.net Phone: (630) 580-5735 E-Mail: info@questionsgalore.net Fax: (630) 580-5765 STUDY GUIDE: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM An atom is made of three
More informationLesson Plan for Introduction to Electricity
Lesson Plan for Introduction to Electricity Last Updated: 01/16/2009 Updated by: Science For Kids Electricity Lesson 1 Table of Contents Lesson Summary... 3 Lesson Information... 4 Activity Descriptions
More informationWhat is a multimeter?
What is a multimeter? A multimeter is a devise used to measure voltage, resistance and current in electronics & electrical equipment It is also used to test continuity between to 2 points to verify if
More informationCourse description: Introduces the student to basic electricity with an emphasis on Ohms Law.
The following is presented for information purposes only and comes with no warranty. See http://www.bristolwatch.com/ Course Title: Basic Electricity and Ohms Law Course description: Introduces the student
More informationGeorgia Performance Standards Framework for Physical Science 8 th Grade. Powering Satellites
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
More informationIntroduction to Electricity & Magnetism. Dr Lisa Jardine-Wright Cavendish Laboratory
Introduction to Electricity & Magnetism Dr Lisa Jardine-Wright Cavendish Laboratory Examples of uses of electricity Christmas lights Cars Electronic devices Human body Electricity? Electricity is the presence
More informationTable of Contents. The Basics of Electricity 2. Using a Digital Multimeter 4. Testing Voltage 8. Testing Current 10. Testing Resistance 12
Table of Contents The Basics of Electricity 2 Using a Digital Multimeter 4 IDEAL Digital Multimeters An Introduction The Basics of Digital Multimeters is designed to give you a fundamental knowledge of
More informationObjectives 200 CHAPTER 4 RESISTANCE
Objectives Explain the differences among conductors, insulators, and semiconductors. Define electrical resistance. Solve problems using resistance, voltage, and current. Describe a material that obeys
More informationOhm's Law and Circuits
2. Conductance, Insulators and Resistance A. A conductor in electricity is a material that allows electrons to flow through it easily. Metals, in general, are good conductors. Why? The property of conductance
More informationSeries and Parallel Circuits
Series and Parallel Circuits Direct-Current Series Circuits A series circuit is a circuit in which the components are connected in a line, one after the other, like railroad cars on a single track. There
More informationElectricity and Magnetism
Electricity and Magnetism A Science AZ Physical Series Word Count: 1,668 Electricity and Magnetism Written by David Dreier Visit www.sciencea-z.com www.sciencea-z.com Electricity and Magnetism Key elements
More informationTest Bank - Chapter 4 Multiple Choice
Test Bank - Chapter 4 The questions in the test bank cover the concepts from the lessons in Chapter 4. Select questions from any of the categories that match the content you covered with students. The
More informationSection B: Electricity
Section B: Electricity We use mains electricity, supplied by power stations, for all kinds of appliances in our homes, so it is very important to know how to use it safely. In this chapter you will learn
More informationChapter 13: Electric Circuits
Chapter 13: Electric Circuits 1. A household circuit rated at 120 Volts is protected by a fuse rated at 15 amps. What is the maximum number of 100 watt light bulbs which can be lit simultaneously in parallel
More informationLesson Plan for Electric Circuits
Lesson Plan for Electric Circuits Last Updated: 11/6/2009 Updated by: Sci4Kids Electric Circuits Lesson 1 Lesson Summary Lesson name Audience Focus Standards (4 th grade) Fourth Grade AZ standard(s) applied
More informationBUILDING A BASIC CIRCUIT
Teacher Information BUILDING A BASIC CIRCUIT NSES9-12.2 Physical Science: Interactions of Energy and Matter Adaptations Some adaptations and modifications that may assist a student with visual and/or other
More informationCircuit symbol. Each of the cells has a potential difference of 1.5 volts. Figure 1. Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence.
Q.(a) Draw one line from each circuit symbol to its correct name. Circuit symbol Name Diode Light-dependent resistor (LDR) Lamp Light-emitting diode (LED) (3) Figure shows three circuits. The resistors
More information3.- What atom s particle moves through a conductor material? 4.- Which are the electric components of an elemental electric circuit?
1.- What is electricity? 2.- Write down the name of the atom s particles. 3.- What atom s particle moves through a conductor material? 4.- Which are the electric components of an elemental electric circuit?
More informationElectricity. Atoms. Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons. Electricity is Moving Electrons. Atom
Electricity is a mysterious force. We can t see it like we see the sun. We can t hold it like we hold coal. We know when it is working, but it is hard to know exactly what it is. Before we can understand
More informationMeasuring Electric Phenomena: the Ammeter and Voltmeter
Measuring Electric Phenomena: the Ammeter and Voltmeter 1 Objectives 1. To understand the use and operation of the Ammeter and Voltmeter in a simple direct current circuit, and 2. To verify Ohm s Law for
More informationA Learning Guide for Model Rocket Launch Systems
A Learning Guide for Model Rocket Launch Systems Including: Schematics, Electrical Theory and Study Problems Edited and updated by Ann Grimm EstesEducator.com educator@estesrockets.com 800.820.0202 2012
More informationELECTRICITY UNIT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLGY- CYCLE 3 NAME GROUP. Teacher: Mr. D. Strina E-mail: dstrina@swlauriersb.qc.ca MC CAIG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
ELECTRICITY UNIT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLGY- CYCLE 3 NAME GROUP Teacher: Mr. D. Strina E-mail: dstrina@swlauriersb.qc.ca MC CAIG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CLASS NOTES--- Atom An atom is the smallest particle characterizing
More informationEssential Electrical Concepts
Essential Electrical Concepts Introduction Modern vehicles incorporate many electrical and electronic components and systems: Audio Lights Navigation Engine control Transmission control Braking and traction
More informationLab 3 - DC Circuits and Ohm s Law
Lab 3 DC Circuits and Ohm s Law L3-1 Name Date Partners Lab 3 - DC Circuits and Ohm s Law OBJECTIES To learn to apply the concept of potential difference (voltage) to explain the action of a battery in
More informationOdyssey of the Mind Technology Fair. Simple Electronics
Simple Electronics 1. Terms volts, amps, ohms, watts, positive, negative, AC, DC 2. Matching voltages a. Series vs. parallel 3. Battery capacity 4. Simple electronic circuit light bulb 5. Chose the right
More information1. The diagram below represents magnetic lines of force within a region of space.
1. The diagram below represents magnetic lines of force within a region of space. 4. In which diagram below is the magnetic flux density at point P greatest? (1) (3) (2) (4) The magnetic field is strongest
More information101 BASICS SERIES LEARNING MODULE 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY. Cutler-Hammer
101 BASICS SERIES LEARNING MODULE 2: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICITY Cutler-Hammer WELCOME Welcome to Module 2, Fundamentals of Electricity. This module will cover the fundamentals of electricity in a practical
More informationAP Physics Electricity and Magnetism #4 Electrical Circuits, Kirchoff s Rules
Name Period AP Physics Electricity and Magnetism #4 Electrical Circuits, Kirchoff s Rules Dr. Campbell 1. Four 240 Ω light bulbs are connected in series. What is the total resistance of the circuit? What
More informationThe Atom and the Periodic Table. Electron Cloud Structure Energy Levels Rows on the Periodic Table Bohr Models Electron Dot Diagrams
The Atom and the Periodic Table Electron Cloud Structure Energy Levels Rows on the Periodic Table Bohr Models Electron Dot Diagrams Review The vertical columns in the periodic table are called groups.
More informationConductors and Insulators
Chapter 4 Conductors and Insulators Introduction We have seen in earlier activities that electricity flows through a complete path called a circuit. Within a circuit, electricity flows through conductors.
More informationELECTRICAL CIRCUITS. Electrical Circuits
Electrical Circuits A complete path, or circuit, is needed before voltage can cause a current flow through resistances to perform work. There are several types of circuits, but all require the same basic
More informationAtomic structure. Resources and methods for learning about these subjects (list a few here, in preparation for your research):
Atomic structure This worksheet and all related files are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, version 1.0. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/1.0/,
More informationWires & Connections Component Circuit Symbol Function of Component. Power Supplies Component Circuit Symbol Function of Component
Lista Dei Simboli Dei Circuiti Per i Componenti Elettronici Wires & Connections Wire Wires joined Wires not joined To pass current very easily from one part of a circuit to another. A 'blob' should be
More information6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234
Unit C: Atoms, elements, and Compounds 6.7: Explaining the Periodic Table pg. 234 Key Concepts: 3. Elements are organized according to their atomic number and electron arrangement on the periodic table.
More information7. What is the current in a circuit if 15 coulombs of electric charge move past a given point in 3 seconds? (1) 5 A (3) 18 A (2) 12 A (4) 45 A
1. Compared to the number of free electrons in a conductor, the number of free electrons in an insulator of the same volume is less the same greater 2. Most metals are good electrical conductors because
More informationThis topic explores the key concepts of magnetism as they relate to: the phenomenon of magnetism magnetic forces and fields a theory of magnetism.
Magnetism Introduction This topic explores the key concepts of magnetism as they relate to: the phenomenon of magnetism magnetic forces and fields a theory of magnetism. Key concepts of magnetism The activities
More informationElectricity. Electricity: The Mysterious Force. 32 Intermediate Energy Infobook CARBON ATOM SEVERAL COMMON ELEMENTS
Electricity: The Mysterious Force What exactly is the mysterious force we call electricity? It is simply moving electrons. And what exactly are electrons? They are tiny particles found in atoms. Everything
More informationVoltage, Current, Resistance, Capacitance and Inductance
Voltage, Current, Resistance, Capacitance and Inductance Really basic electrical engineering. 1 Electricity and conductors Electricity is the movement of electrons. Electrons move easily through a conductor
More informationAircraft Electrical System
Chapter 9 Aircraft Electrical System Introduction The satisfactory performance of any modern aircraft depends to a very great degree on the continuing reliability of electrical systems and subsystems.
More informationExperiment #5, Series and Parallel Circuits, Kirchhoff s Laws
Physics 182 Summer 2013 Experiment #5 1 Experiment #5, Series and Parallel Circuits, Kirchhoff s Laws 1 Purpose Our purpose is to explore and validate Kirchhoff s laws as a way to better understanding
More informationPeople s Physics Book
The Big Ideas: The name electric current is given to the phenomenon that occurs when an electric field moves down a wire at close to the speed of light. Voltage is the electrical energy density (energy
More informationChapter 1 Student Reading
Chapter 1 Student Reading Chemistry is the study of matter You could say that chemistry is the science that studies all the stuff in the entire world. A more scientific term for stuff is matter. So chemistry
More informationForce on Moving Charges in a Magnetic Field
[ Assignment View ] [ Eðlisfræði 2, vor 2007 27. Magnetic Field and Magnetic Forces Assignment is due at 2:00am on Wednesday, February 28, 2007 Credit for problems submitted late will decrease to 0% after
More informationExperiment #3, Ohm s Law
Experiment #3, Ohm s Law 1 Purpose Physics 182 - Summer 2013 - Experiment #3 1 To investigate the -oltage, -, characteristics of a carbon resistor at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperature,
More informationPROTONS AND ELECTRONS
reflect Imagine that you have a bowl of oranges, bananas, pineapples, berries, pears, and watermelon. How do you identify each piece of fruit? Most likely, you are familiar with the characteristics of
More informationUnit: Charge Differentiated Task Light it Up!
The following instructional plan is part of a GaDOE collection of Unit Frameworks, Performance Tasks, examples of Student Work, and Teacher Commentary. Many more GaDOE approved instructional plans are
More informationPHYSICS 111 LABORATORY Experiment #3 Current, Voltage and Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits
PHYSCS 111 LABORATORY Experiment #3 Current, Voltage and Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits This experiment is designed to investigate the relationship between current and potential in simple series
More informationStudents will investigate the characteristics of electromagnetism and then use what they learn to plan and conduct an experiment on electromagnets.
Electromagnetic Power! Lesson Overview Students will investigate the characteristics of electromagnetism and then use what they learn to plan and conduct an experiment on electromagnets. Suggested Grade
More informationATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE
ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE CHAPTER 3 PHYSICAL SCIENCE Chapter 3 Vocabulary Words (27 words) Nucleus Atomic number Proton Mass number Neutron Isotopes Electron Atomic mass unit (amu) Energy level Average
More informationGCSE Additional Science Physics Contents Guide
GCSE Additional Science Contents Guide Copyright Boardworks Ltd 2007 Boardworks Ltd The Gallery 54 Marston Street Oxford OX4 1LF 08703 50 55 60 enquiries@boardworks.co.uk www.boardworks.co.uk 04-07 contains
More informationModel UT201/202: OPERATING MANUAL. Table of Contents
Table of Contents Title Overview Unpacking Inspection Safety Information Rules For Safe Operation International Electrical Symbols The Meter Structure Rotary Switch Functional Buttons The Effectiveness
More informationOHM S LAW AND RESISTANCE
OHM S LAW AND RESISTANCE Resistance is one of the basic principles of Ohm s law, and can be found in virtually any device used to conduct electricity. Georg Simon Ohm was a German physicist who conducted
More informationSample. What Electricity Can Do LESSON 2. Overview and Objectives. Background
What Electricity Can Do Overview and Objectives Background Light bulbs are such an integral part of everyday life that most people can t imagine being without them. Because people tend to take light bulbs
More informationBill-Bill-Bill-Bill-Bill
Bill-Bill-Bill-Bill-Bill Time to pay props to the craziest science man alive. Give it up for Bill Nye. Pay attention to watt (that's an electricity joke) he's got to say 'cause here are some questions
More informationModified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
ch 7 and 16 review Modified True/False Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true. 1. The heat released by a burning candle
More informationStructure and Properties of Atoms
PS-2.1 Compare the subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) of an atom with regard to mass, location, and charge, and explain how these particles affect the properties of an atom (including identity,
More informationKirchhoff s Laws Physics Lab IX
Kirchhoff s Laws Physics Lab IX Objective In the set of experiments, the theoretical relationships between the voltages and the currents in circuits containing several batteries and resistors in a network,
More informationObjectives. Capacitors 262 CHAPTER 5 ENERGY
Objectives Describe a capacitor. Explain how a capacitor stores energy. Define capacitance. Calculate the electrical energy stored in a capacitor. Describe an inductor. Explain how an inductor stores energy.
More informationMechanical Energy. Mechanical Energy is energy due to position or motion.
Mechanical Energy Mechanical Energy is energy due to position or motion. Position: This means that matter can have energy even though it is not moving. If you knock something off of your kitchen counter,
More information******* KEY ******* Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide
Atomic Structure & Periodic Table Test Study Guide VOCABULARY: Write a brief definition of each term in the space provided. 1. Atoms: smallest unit of an element that has all of the properties of that
More informationDiscovering Ohm s Law. Original: Revision: 17 October 2003 11 July 2007 George Wolfe, Alison Shull, Martin Alderman
Title: Discovering Ohm s Law Original: Revision: Authors: Appropriate Level: Abstract: Time Required: NY Standards Met: Special Notes: 17 October 2003 11 July 2007 George Wolfe, Alison Shull, Martin Alderman
More informationExperiment NO.3 Series and parallel connection
Experiment NO.3 Series and parallel connection Object To study the properties of series and parallel connection. Apparatus 1. DC circuit training system 2. Set of wires. 3. DC Power supply 4. Digital A.V.O.
More informationDIRECT CURRENT GENERATORS
DIRECT CURRENT GENERATORS Revision 12:50 14 Nov 05 INTRODUCTION A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy by using the principle of magnetic induction. This principle
More informationBuild Your Own Solar Car Teach build learn renewable Energy! Page 1 of 1
Solar Car Teach build learn renewable Energy! Page 1 of 1 Background Not only is the sun a source of heat and light, it s a source of electricity too! Solar cells, also called photovoltaic cells, are used
More informationUnderstanding the p-n Junction by Dr. Alistair Sproul Senior Lecturer in Photovoltaics The Key Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, UNSW
Understanding the p-n Junction by Dr. Alistair Sproul Senior Lecturer in Photovoltaics The Key Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, UNSW The p-n junction is the fundamental building block of the electronic
More informationElectronics. Basic Concepts. Yrd. Doç. Dr. Aytaç GÖREN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Levent ÇETİN
Electronics Basic Concepts Electric charge Ordinary matter is made up of atoms which have positively charged nuclei and negatively charged electrons surrounding them. Charge is quantized as the subtraction
More informationAJ s Technical Tips: Designing a Small Solar PV System Part IV; Selecting Wires for the System
AJ s Technical Tips: Designing a Small Solar PV System Part IV; Selecting Wires for the System A little while back Simon Nyukuri of Kitale wrote to ask me about sizing wires and cables for solar PV systems.
More informationElectricity. Introduction. Key concepts of electricity. Static electricity. Current electricity
Electricity Introduction This topic explores the key concepts of electricity as they relate to: static electricity current electricity higher order models of electric circuits household electricity electricity
More informationCOOL-01, Cooling Fan Operation and Troubleshooting
COOL-01, Cooling Fan Operation and Troubleshooting Table of Contents Introduction Early 944s With Air Conditioning Cooling Fan Operation On Early 944s With Air Conditioning Testing Fan Relay One Early
More informationChemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table
Name: Class: Date: Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
More informationCurrent, Resistance and Electromotive Force. Young and Freedman Chapter 25
Current, Resistance and Electromotive Force Young and Freedman Chapter 25 Electric Current: Analogy, water flowing in a pipe H 2 0 gallons/minute Flow Rate is the NET amount of water passing through a
More informationHistory of the Atom & Atomic Theory
Chapter 5 History of the Atom & Atomic Theory You re invited to a Thinking Inside the Box Conference Each group should nominate a: o Leader o Writer o Presenter You have 5 minutes to come up with observations
More informationElectrical Circuit Theory
Electrical Circuit Theory Learning Objectives: 1. Review the basic electrical concepts of voltage, amperage, and resistance. 2. Review the components of a basic automotive electrical circuit. 3. Introduce
More informationInductors. AC Theory. Module 3
Module 3 AC Theory What you ll learn in Module 3. Section 3.1 Electromagnetic Induction. Magnetic Fields around Conductors. The Solenoid. Section 3.2 Inductance & Back e.m.f. The Unit of Inductance. Factors
More informationThe Electrical Control of Chemical Reactions E3-1
Experiment 3 The Electrical Control of Chemical Reactions E3-1 E3-2 The Task In this experiment you will explore the processes of oxidation and reduction, in which electrons flow between materials, and
More informationH ello, I ll be demonstrating
Magnetic Pulser MP6 How-to Video Transcription H ello, I ll be demonstrating the use of the SOTA Magnetic Pulser. The latest model is shown here, our Model MP6. Before we get started I just want to draw
More informationLab E1: Introduction to Circuits
E1.1 Lab E1: Introduction to Circuits The purpose of the this lab is to introduce you to some basic instrumentation used in electrical circuits. You will learn to use a DC power supply, a digital multimeter
More informationTHIRD GRADE PHYSICS 3 WEEKS LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES
THIRD GRADE PHYSICS 3 WEEKS LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES APPLIED SCIENCE OVERVIEW OF THIRD GRADE SCIENCE AND MATH WEEK 1. PRE: Comparing objects mathematically. LAB: Predicting and measuring objects. POST:
More informationCurrent Electricity Lab Series/Parallel Circuits. Safety and Equipment Precautions!
Current Electricity Lab Series/Parallel Circuits Name Safety and Equipment Precautions! Plug in your power supply and use ONLY the D.C. terminals of the power source, NOT the A. C. terminals. DO NOT touch
More informationChapter 7 Direct-Current Circuits
Chapter 7 Direct-Current Circuits 7. Introduction...7-7. Electromotive Force...7-3 7.3 Resistors in Series and in Parallel...7-5 7.4 Kirchhoff s Circuit Rules...7-7 7.5 Voltage-Current Measurements...7-9
More informationParallel Circuits. Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to answer these questions: 1. How are electrical components connected
This sample chapter is for review purposes only. Copyright The Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. All rights reserved. Electricity Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to answer these questions:.
More informationUntitled Document. 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? 4. Which statement best describes the density of an atom s nucleus?
Name: Date: 1. Which of the following best describes an atom? A. protons and electrons grouped together in a random pattern B. protons and electrons grouped together in an alternating pattern C. a core
More informationGENERAL SCIENCE LABORATORY 1110L Lab Experiment 6: Ohm s Law
GENERAL SCIENCE LABORATORY 1110L Lab Experiment 6: Ohm s Law OBJECTIVES: To verify Ohm s law, the mathematical relationship among current, voltage or potential difference, and resistance, in a simple circuit.
More informationChemical Reactions & Electricity
THE TEAK PROJECT: TRAVELING ENGINEERING ACTIVITY KITS Chemical Reactions & Electricity Partial support for this project was provided by the National Science Foundation's Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory
More informationList the 3 main types of subatomic particles and indicate the mass and electrical charge of each.
Basic Chemistry Why do we study chemistry in a biology course? All living organisms are composed of chemicals. To understand life, we must understand the structure, function, and properties of the chemicals
More information7.4. Using the Bohr Theory KNOW? Using the Bohr Theory to Describe Atoms and Ions
7.4 Using the Bohr Theory LEARNING TIP Models such as Figures 1 to 4, on pages 218 and 219, help you visualize scientific explanations. As you examine Figures 1 to 4, look back and forth between the diagrams
More informationI = V/r P = VI. I = P/V = 100 W / 6 V = 16.66 amps. What would happen if you use a 12-volt battery and a 12-volt light bulb to get 100 watts of power?
Volts, Amps and Ohms Measuring Electricity The three most basic units in electricity are voltage (V), current (I) and resistance (r). Voltage is measured in volts, current is measured in amps and resistance
More informationLab 2: Resistance, Current, and Voltage
2 Lab 2: Resistance, Current, and Voltage I. Before you come to la.. A. Read the following chapters from the text (Giancoli): 1. Chapter 25, sections 1, 2, 3, 5 2. Chapter 26, sections 1, 2, 3 B. Read
More informationFig. 1 Analogue Multimeter Fig.2 Digital Multimeter
ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT AND MEASUREMENT Electrical measuring instruments are devices used to measure electrical quantities such as electric current, voltage, resistance, electrical power and energy. MULTIMETERS
More informationName Class Date. What is ionic bonding? What happens to atoms that gain or lose electrons? What kinds of solids are formed from ionic bonds?
CHAPTER 1 2 Ionic Bonds SECTION Chemical Bonding BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is ionic bonding? What happens to atoms that gain or lose
More informationAn Atom Apart by Leslie Cargile
Have you ever walked through a cloud of gnats on a hot summer, only to have them follow you? No matter how you swat at them, or even if you run, they won t leave you alone. If so, then you have something
More informationMaking an Electromagnet Grade 4
TEACHING LEARNING COLLABORATIVE (TLC) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Making an Electromagnet Grade 4 Created by: Maria Schetter (Terrace Heights Elementary School), Stella Winckler (Lucerne Elementary School), Karen
More informationFB-DC3 Electric Circuits: Series and Parallel Circuits
CREST Foundation Electrical Engineering: DC Electric Circuits Kuphaldt FB-DC3 Electric Circuits: Series and Parallel Circuits Contents 1. What are "series" and "parallel"? 2. Simple series circuits 3.
More information( + and - ) ( - and - ) ( + and + ) Atoms are mostly empty space. = the # of protons in the nucleus. = the # of protons in the nucleus
Atoms are mostly empty space Atomic Structure Two regions of every atom: Nucleus - is made of protons and neutrons - is small and dense Electron cloud -is a region where you might find an electron -is
More informationATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S. The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39)
ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39) THE ATOM All elements listed on the periodic table are made up of atoms.
More information