THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

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1 BELLWORK 1. Slavery was important to the Southern states because a. factories in the south depended on these workers b. Slaves were needed to build railroads c. Slaves were needed to work on plantations d. The South was more industrialized than the North Answer: C 2. Nat Turner is well known for a. teaching free African-American to read and write b. passing the slave codes c. helping man slaves on the underground railroad d. leading a slave revolt in Virginia Answer: D

2 THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

3 AGENDA Key Focus: Military strategies of the North and South Student Group Activity: Students will Use Graphic organizer and informational text to gather information on the strategies of the North and South during the Civil War I will model filling in the graphic organizer We will work together to complete the organizer and discuss Closure Independent Practice- Students will write a journal entry comparing the Military strategies of the North and South Reflection

4 QUICK REVIEW Discuss with your partner the causes of the civil war?

5 HOW DO TEAMS PLAN FOR A MATCH AGAINST THEIR OPPONENTS?

6 FOCUS STATEMENT Compare the military strategies of the North and the South during the Civil War 8-4.5

7 Definition: QUICK REVIEW Civil War- A civil war is a war between people of the same country. Characteristics: The American Civil War was fought to keep the South from leaving the Union. Slavery was the major issue that separated the North from the South. Worst Civil War in America Examples: Union v/s Confederates (Civil War) Military Revolt v/s Republican Government (Spanish Civil War) North Korea v/s South Korea (Korean War) Non-examples World War I American Revolution Cold War

8 THE CIVIL WAR IN SC -MICRO LAB Most young men living in SC during the Civil War volunteered to fight. There were many differences in what they thought and what they really found on the battlefield. Discuss with your partner the perceptions of war: positive and negative

9 The American Civil War Who: American citizens What: A war between members of the same group or country When: Where: The United States of America Why: Some states disagreed with the American government about the issue of slavery, and they wanted to be their own country.

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11 North Led by Ulysses S. Grant South Led by Robert E. Lee 23 States 11 States Union Yankee Blue Coats USA Confederate Rebel Grey Coats CSA

12 FOCUS STATEMENT Compare the military strategies of the North and the South during the Civil War 8-4.5

13 The Broader War Ø Military strategy of Confederacy: (1) Use army to defend South against Union efforts to prevent secession (2) Had advantage of home turf (3) Shorter supply lines, psychological benefit defending home Ø Military strategy of Union: (1) Capture Confederate capital (Richmond, VA) (2) Cut Confederacy in two by taking Mississippi River Valley, thus isolajng Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana (3) Blockade coastline prevenjng supplies from pouring into South Ø Some baoles involved more soldiers and causalijes than many American baoles in history. 13

14 The Union Advantage Ø Advantages of the North: much larger populajon to support war effort and from which to draw troops industrial development of the North North had 70% of najon s railroads (beoer supplied with guns, equipment, boots, clothing) Union Navy s blockade of Southern States stopped most trade Ø The Confederate Army was short of crijcal supplies and tried to transfer some vessels to ironclads in an effort to challenge blockade ships. 14

15 Because of industry. The south was still economically dependent on agriculture not manufacturing

16 The Emancipa6on Proclama6on Ø September, 1862 EmancipaJon ProclamaJon announced by Abraham Lincoln: To take effect in 1863 (unless Southern states gave up rebellion against United States) Seen, by Lincoln, as a necessary step to win the war Slavery not enjrely destroyed (only to states sjll in rebellion against United States on January 1, 1863) Huge numbers of slaves flocked to Union armies as Union troops advanced into Confederate territory. 16

17 Documentation the the US would free the slaves, resulting in many slave fleeing the south to join the fighting.

18 FOCUS STATEMENT Compare the military strategies of the North and the South during the Civil War 8-4.5

19 The Hunley Ø The Confederate navy experimented with submarines to combat Union blockade ships. Ø 1864 A submarine, the Hunley, was developed by the Confederates: eventually sank a Union ship outside of Charleston harbor (the Housatonic) first Jme in history a submarine sank a ship The Hunley also sank, losing the crew. ExperimentaJon with submarines ended for Jme being. Confederate Submarine H.L. Hunley 19

20 The Hunley

21 No Foreign Assistance (Co>on Diplomacy) Ø Confederate leaders counted on assistance from Europe, but two developments defeated that hope: (1) European manufacturers found new sources of cooon in Egypt and India. (2) Lincoln used the issue of emancipajon to keep Britain, France, and others from helping the South; Europeans were strongly opposed to slavery. 21

22 Strategy the south used to gain European Support.

23

24 FOCUS STATEMENT Compare the military strategies of the North and the South during the Civil War 8-4.5

25 THE STRATEGIES OF THE NORTH & SOUTH Students will informational text and create a T chart comparing the battle strategies between the North and the South I DO: The teacher will model how to draw the T chart and read informational text, annotate and create one bullet to add to the T Chart comparing the battle strategies between the North and the South. WE DO: The class will continue reading informational text adding information to the T chart comparing battle strategies between the North and the South. Closure: Students will answer questions from informational text regarding battle strategies between the north and the south. YOU DO: Students will write a half of a page journal entry using their notes written on the T chart, arguing which side had the best strategy for victory.

26 COMPARING BATTLE STRATEGIES BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH NORTH SOUTH

27 INFORMATIONAL TEXT The military strategy of the North was fourfold: to blockade Southern ports to cut off supplies from Europe, to break the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River, to destroy the transportation and communication systems of the Confederacy thus crippling morale and to attack the Confederate capital at Richmond. The Southern strategy was to fight a defensive war, using supplies from Europe gained from the sale of cotton, until Northern forces tired of the war.

28 North South blockade Southern ports to cut off supplies from Europe break the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River destroy the transportation and communication systems of the Confederacy attack the Confederate capital at Richmond fight a defensive war using supplies from Europe gained from the sale of cotton (cotton diplomacy) Make the North tire of war Seize capital at Washington

29 WHOSE STRATEGY? CLOSURE Their plan is to wear down their opponents will to fight South This opponent's plan was to create a blockade and cut off supplies North They wanted to gain control of the Mississippi River North Their main focus was to seize Washington South This military wanted to capture Richmond North Tried to gain foreign support through the use of the Cotton Diplomacy South Lets Compare! Who had the defensive strategy?

30 INDEPENDENT PRACTICE Students will write a half of a page journal entry using their notes written on the T chart, arguing which side had the best strategy for victory. North South blockade Southern ports to cut off supplies from Europe break the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River destroy the transportation and communication systems of the Confederacy attack the Confederate capital at Richmond fight a defensive war using supplies from Europe gained from the sale of cotton (cotton diplomacy) Make the North tire of war Seize capital at Washington

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32 Materials Needed SC Standards Text book Informational Text Document Camera/Promethean Board PowerPoint Teacher Created Notes Teacher Created Graphic Organizers Study Guides/Test

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