UNIT 5: Dealing with human behaviour for public services (LEVEL 3)

Transcription

1 UNIT 5: Dealing with human behaviour for public services (LEVEL 3) Learning outcomes By completing this unit candidates will develop knowledge and understanding of theories surrounding the development of personality. They will become familiar with psychological illnesses and conditions and have an awareness of the treatments and therapies that are available. Candidates will demonstrate skills in identifying aggressive and antisocial behaviour and strategies for managing this behaviour. Candidates will provide evidence to meet the unit assessment objectives in order to show that they understand: personality theories a range of psychological conditions and illness therapies and methods of treatment aggression and anti social behaviour strategies for managing challenging behaviour. Assessment objectives 1 Explore three contrasting types of personality theory 2 Research a range of different psychological illnesses and conditions and their effect on behaviour Knowledge, understanding and skills Definition of personality Type and trait theories Allport s trait theory Eysenck s type theory Humanist theories Rodgers self theory Maslow Psychodynamic theories Freud Anxiety disorders phobias obsessive compulsive disorder post traumatic stress disorder Schizophrenia Mood disorders depression Eating disorders Anorexia nervosa Bulimia Causes Behaviour Symptoms OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services 1

2 Assessment objectives 3 Demonstrate knowledge of a range of treatments and therapies which are available and their application to relevant conditions/illnesses 4 Examine the causes of aggression and antisocial behaviour 5 Demonstrate ways of dealing with challenging behaviour Knowledge, understanding and skills Types of treatment: counselling psychotherapy behavioural therapy cognitive therapy electroconvulsive therapy psychoanalysis drug treatment complementary therapies (examples could include - hypnotherapy, assertiveness training, herbalism) Define aggression and antisocial behaviour Theories: aggression as an instinct (Lorenz) frustration as a cause of aggression (Berkowitz) imitation (Bandura, social leaning theory) role of media and influence on behaviour Skills: recognition of signs of conflict recognition of causes of conflict recognition of own limitations in dealing with situation conflict resolution assertiveness active listening questioning skills decision making skills negotiating skills effective communication skills Minimise actions or words that may trigger challenging behaviour Show respect for people, property and rights Assessment This unit is centre assessed and externally moderated. In order to achieve this unit candidates must produce a portfolio of evidence showing that they have met all of the assessment objectives. Portfolios of work must be produced independently. They will need to be made available, together with witness statements and any other supporting documentation, to the OCR Visiting Moderator when required. Centres must confirm to OCR that the evidence produced by candidates is authentic. An OCR Centre Authentication Form is provided in the Centre Handbook and includes a declaration for assessors to sign. It is a requirement of the QCA Common Criteria for all Qualifications that proof of authentication is received. Guidance on assessment and evidence requirements The purpose of this unit is to introduce candidates to theories concerning personality and behaviour. By completing this unit candidates will understand how an understanding of psychology 2 OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services

3 can help the public services understand situations they may be faced with and intervene to reduce or diffuse problems. This unit also offers the opportunity for candidates to identify, practice and develop appropriate skills. This unit should be delivered by underpinning the theoretical knowledge with practical activities and materials. Tutors should utilise videos which show experimental psychology and they may encourage candidates in their own experiments to do with behaviour. Tutors could video candidates and then encourage candidates to review and analyse their own behaviour. In providing evidence for Assessment Objective 1 candidates should show an understanding of each of three contrasting theories of personality. They need an awareness of the main lines of thought of each theory and tutors should draw the candidates attention to relevant experiments and studies. Tutors could use various personality tests with their candidates. The production of evidence for Assessment Objectives 2 and 3 could be combined with candidates being asked to produce a booklet about the signs and symptoms of various psychological conditions and illnesses along with their effect on behaviour and their treatment. In their delivery tutors should cover a wide range of abnormal behaviour trying focus on those personality disorders which are particularly relevant to the public services, either in terms of affecting public service personnel eg post traumatic stress disorders or those disorders in which the public service might be expected to come into contact with during the course of their work. Assessment Objective 4 should be delivered with tutors focusing on the types of antisocial and aggressive behaviour likely to be encountered by the public services eg football hooliganism, riots etc. Candidates could use case studies to generate evidence for this objective. Assessment Objective 5 requires candidates to provide a demonstration of their own skills in dealing with challenging behaviour. Theoretical input should be provided, however much of the emphasis must be on encouraging and allowing candidates to develop their own skills. Tutors could use role play and in order to produce evidence for this objective candidates might produce an instructional video on how to deal with a variety of different situations. Signposting to Key Skills The unit contains opportunities for developing the Key Skill, and possibly for generating portfolio evidence, if teaching and learning is focused on that aim. Key Skill Key Skill Key Skill reference reference reference C3.1 N3.1 IT3.1 C3.2a N3.2a IT3.2 C3.2b N3.2b IT3.3 C3.3 N3.2c N3.2d N3.3 OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services 3

4 Mapping to National Occupational Standards Occupational Standards Police Skills and Standards Unit number 2C4 Title Minimise and deal with aggressive and abusive behaviour Custodial Care CC019 Contribute to the prevention and management of abusive and aggressive behaviour Emergency Fire Services Standards CO2.2/FF2.2/WM4.2 Establish and maintain effective working relationships with people Resources This section provides suggestions of suitable resources. The list is neither prescriptive nor exhaustive, and candidates should be encouraged to gather information from a variety of sources. Some suggested resources are intended for Tutor use. The resources in this section were correct at the time of production. Books Gross, R. Cardwell, M. Eysenck, M W. Psychology the science of Mind and Behaviour Psychology for A Level Meldrum, Claire Psychology for AS Level Flanagan, Cara Videos One Flew Over the Cuckoo s Nest Websites BBC. URL: Based on the series The Human Mind. Links to sections on disorders, and some fun personality tests also offers an overview of psychology. BBC Mental Health. URL: Gives information on disorders and conditions. Psychology central.url: Links to psychology resources. Personality theories explained. URL: Gives biographies and explanations of theories put forward by Rodgers, Maslow, Eysenck, Freud and Allport amongst others. Psychology encyclopaedia.url: Search this site for information eg psychologists, theories, personality disorders (general or specific). Queendom. URL: Lots of psychological tests and quizzes. The Mental Health Foundation. URL: Information about a range of personality disorders, their cause and treatments. OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services 4

5 Grading Assessment Objective AO1 Explore three contrasting types of personality theory Pass Merit Distinction Candidates carry out research to show a basic understanding of the three contrasting types of personality theory. This includes an overview of type and trait theories, humanistic theories and psychodynamic theories. Candidates show a simple understanding of key concepts. Candidates carry out research to show a sound understanding of the three contrasting types of personality theory. This includes a detailed account of type and trait theories, humanistic theories and psychodynamic theories. Candidates show a good understanding of key concepts. Candidates carry out detailed research to show a thorough understanding of the three contrasting types of personality theory. This includes a detailed account of type and trait theories, humanistic theories and psychodynamic theories. Candidates show an excellent understanding of key concepts. AO2 Research a range of different psychological illnesses and conditions and their effect on behaviour A superficial understanding of psychological illnesses is provided which includes a basic explanation as to the causes and symptoms of each condition and a brief description of the way that behaviour is affected. A clear understanding of a range of psychological illnesses is provided which includes a detailed explanation as to the causes and symptoms of each condition and a detailed description of the way that behaviour is affected, supported by some examples. A thorough understanding of the full range of psychological illnesses is provided which includes a detailed explanation as to the causes and symptoms of each condition, and a comprehensive description of the way that behaviour is affected, supported by specific examples. Candidates show a thorough understanding of the range of treatments and therapies that are available, offering a critical analysis of their application and effectiveness. Specific examples will be used to support candidates work. AO3 Demonstrate knowledge of a range of treatments and therapies which are available and their application to relevant conditions/illnesses Candidates show a basic understanding of the range of treatments and therapies that are available, making limited links between the treatments/therapies and the illnesses that would benefit from their use. Candidates show a sound understanding of the range of treatments and therapies that are available clearly explaining the benefits of various treatments in relation to specified conditions, using some examples to support their evidence. OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services 5

6 Assessment Objective AO4 Examine the causes of aggression and antisocial behaviour AO5 Demonstrate ways of dealing with challenging behaviour Pass Merit Distinction Candidates show a limited understanding of theories linked to instinct, frustration and imitation and the role of the media in influencing behaviour. Candidates provide a few examples to illustrate the theories. Candidates demonstrate a basic level of skill in how to manage challenging behaviour showing a limited appreciation of the approaches to be taken. Candidates will require support in assessing situations and deciding upon the correct response. Candidates show a good understanding of theories linked to instinct, frustration and imitation and the role of the media in influencing behaviour. Candidates provide appropriate examples to show the links between theory and behaviour. Candidates demonstrate how to manage challenging behaviour showing an in depth appreciation of the necessary skills and approaches to be taken. Practical skills are demonstrated competently. Candidates are able to assess situations and select and demonstrate a suitable response. Candidates show an excellent understanding of theories linked to instinct, frustration and imitation and the influence of role of the media on behaviour. Showing a high level of understanding of key concepts, they are able to offer relevant evidence to link theory and practice. Candidates demonstrate how to manage challenging behaviour independently and confidently, combining a variety of techniques. Candidates are able to assess situations, and select and demonstrate an appropriate response. 6 OCR Level 3 Nationals in Public Services