The Human Body - Common Exam Review
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1 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review Name: ate: 1. Which list shows different levels or organization within a population ordered from least to most complex? 3.. organ systems, organs, organelles, organisms. organelles, organs, organ systems, organisms. organisms, organ systems, organs, organelles. organs, organelles, organisms, organ systems What is the significance of a major loss of blood on the human body? Explain your answer fully. 2. patient suffering from a sore throat goes to a doctor in a hospital to get a check-up. uring the exam the doctor collects the following information: 4. The students in an engineering class built a robot that stacks wooden blocks. built-in computer controls the movement of the robot. The computer in the robot performs a function most similar to which part of the human body?. lungs. heart. brain. arms The doctor strikes the patient s knee with a small rubber hammer and observes the reaction. The doctor is checking the.. nervous system. muscular system. circulatory system. skeletal system 5. Which body system s primary function is the continuation of the species?. digestive. nervous. excretory. reproductive page 1
2 6. In the human body, which system functions primarily to defend the body against disease? 8. The diagram below shows a major system of the human body.. digestive. immune. nervous. respiratory 7. The numbered drawings below show the organization within a multicellular organism from simple to complex. Which of the following best describes the function of this system?. absorbing nutrients from food. protecting the body from infection. exchanging gases with the environment. responding to stimuli in the environment 9. What is the primary function of the large?. to digest proteins. to absorb nutrients. to break down complex carbohydrates Which of these numbered drawings represents a tissue?. to remove water from undigested waste apillaries are part of which body system?. skeletal system. nervous system. digestive system. circulatory system page 2 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review
3 11. Which of the following is one of the functions of the human skeleton?. producing hormones. bringing gases into the body. removing waste from the body. providing a site for blood cell formation 15. When Lance goes jogging, his heart rate increases to pump blood faster and supply his muscles with more oxygen. Which of the following helps to maintain homeostasis in response to this increase in heart rate?. an increase in digestion. an increase in respiration. a decrease in perspiration. a decrease in bone growth 12. Which of the following is the best example of an organism maintaining homeostasis?. a wolf panting after a chase. a spider catching an insect in a web. a cricket becoming infected by a virus. a mole digging tunnels in the ground 16. Which of the following body systems is responsible for receiving stimuli from the environment and coordinating the body s response to these stimuli?. respiratory system. nervous system. digestive system. circulatory system 13. Which of the following is the basic structural unit of the nervous system?. axon. neuron. red blood cell. white blood cell 17. The cells of the nasal cavity and the trachea are lined with cilia. Which of the following describes a purpose of the cilia?. to cool air that is entering the respiratory system 14. Which of the following organs removes extra water from the blood to keep the amount of fluid in the bloodstream at the proper level?. kidneys. liver. pancreas. stomach. to help move trapped particles out of the respiratory system. to help produce sound as air moves out of the respiratory system. to increase the surface area for gas exchange in the respiratory system page 3 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review
4 18. Which of the following is a body system response that adjusts body temperature when it is higher than normal?. reathing rate begins to decrease.. lood vessels near the skin constrict.. Sweat glands produce and secrete sweat.. Hormones increase the metabolic rate of the liver. 22. The structure of the digestive tube in the grasshopper and earthworm consists of many folds. The folds affect the efficiency of food absorption by which of the following functions?. increasing surface area. reducing transpiration. increasing hormone secretion. reducing storage of sugar 19. Heartburn is pain that occurs when acidic gastric juice is forced out of the upper end of the stomach. In which of the following organs does a person experience heartburn?. pancreas. esophagus. small. large 23. Which two systems primarily function to rid the human body of the wastes resulting from cellular energy production?. excretory and skeletal systems. nervous and endocrine systems. circulatory and digestive systems. respiratory and circulatory systems 20. Which of the following is a function of the liver?. removing toxic compounds from the blood. secreting digestive enzymes into the stomach. producing white blood cells to fight infections. converting food into smaller nutrient molecules 21. How does exposure to cigarette smoke contribute to an asthma attack? 24. Which is a primary function that kidneys perform for the excretory system?. They control sensory input using nerve cells.. They conduct chemical digestion using hormones.. They remove waste from blood using fi ltration structures.. They exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide using capillaries.. by decreasing blood pressure. by causing mutations in cells. by irritating the respiratory tract. by reducing insulin levels 25. Which structure completes the circulatory pathway? heart artery? vein heart. aorta. atrium. ventricle. capillary page 4 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review
5 26. Which sequence shows the pathway that food takes in the digestive system? 31. The diagram below shows a human heart.. stomach, esophagus, large, small. esophagus, stomach, large, small. stomach, esophagus, small, large. esophagus, stomach, small, large 27. Which of the following is a harmful waste material that leaves the blood and travels through the lungs before leaving the body? When contracted, the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body. What is the purpose of the aortic valve that separates the left ventricle from the aorta?. O 2. O 2. H 2 O. Nal. to prevent blood from flowing back into the left ventricle. to prevent blood from flowing into the aorta 28. Where does oxygen-rich blood go after leaving the lungs?. to push blood into the left ventricle. to push blood into the aorta. the brain. the heart. the kidney. the stomach 29. The digestion process begins in which of the following?. large. mouth. small. stomach 30. Which of the following pairs provides structural support for a human?. skin and blood. bones and muscles. spine and heart. brain and nerves 32. Use the information below to answer the following question(s). Hummingbirds need large amounts of energy to flap their wings between 60 and 200 times per second. Their wings beat so rapidly that it is difficult to see them move. They often appear suspended in air for extended periods of time without changing their location. Hummingbirds have long bills and grooved tongues to reach into flowers to feed on flower nectar. They also feed on insects. The body system most directly interacting with the skeletal system to enable hummingbirds to beat their wings between 60 and 200 times per second is the. digestive system. muscular system. endocrine system. circulatory system page 5 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review
6 33. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s). rteriosclerosis is a disease which clogs arteries in the human body. In arteriosclerosis, artery walls become thick. Fatty deposits build up on inner walls of arteries. This condition reduces the ability of arteries to perform their function. The diagram below shows a comparison between a healthy artery and one with arteriosclerosis. OMPRISON OF TWO RTERIES 34. Lou Gehrig s disease disrupts the function of motor neurons (nerve cells) that control the movement of limbs and other body parts. Which body system is most likely to be directly affected by this disease?. the endocrine system. the digestive system. the circulatory system. the muscular system Healthy rtery rtery With rteriosclerosis Which body function is most affected by arteriosclerosis?. circulating blood to tissues. assembling amino acids into proteins. replacing damaged cells with new cells. breaking down food particles into molecules 35. single-celled organism, such as the amoeba, uses its cell membrane to take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide. Which organ system in humans has the same function as the cell membrane of the amoeba?. circulatory. digestive. nervous. respiratory page 6 The Human ody - ommon Exam Review
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