Design of a Dual-band Omni-directional Microstrip Antenna for Smart Mobile Phones
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1 The 2012 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC 2012) Design of a Dual-band Omni-directional Microstrip Antenna for Smart Mobile Phones Vu Duc Tiep, Truong Vu Bang Giang Faculty of Electronics and Telecommunications VNU University of Engineering and Technology (UET) 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam {tiepvd_54, giangtvb}@vnu.edu.vn Abstract A dual-band omni-directional antenna for smart mobile phones, ordered by a manufacturer of mobile phones in Vietnam, has been designed and tested. The results from the designed model, which fits the housing required by the manufacturer, have been compared with data from literature. A sample of the designed model has been fabricated and measured. Good agreement of simulated and measured data has been obtained. II. ANTENNA DESIGN The mobile phone manufacturer in Vietnam gave the industrial design of the housing for the antenna, which is shown on Figure 1. The required overall size is mm 14 mm 1 mm. Keywords- Dual-Band, Omni-Directional, Microstrip Antennas, Smart Mobile Phones. I. INTRODUCTION Antennas are essential parts of wireless communication systems for various applications such as satellite, radar, broadcasting, wireless LANs and mobile, etc. In the literature, there have been a lot of papers, which have presented dualband antennas for mobile phones. However, each of them will serve in a specific mobile phone. Among the most constraint requirements such as gain, radiation pattern, impedance, etc., fitting the antenna to the housing (casing) also plays an important role. Each mobile phone will have a different cover (casing), which hosts the whole components such as circuits, LCD display, keyboard, battery, etc. When a mobile phone manufacturer wants to produce a new version of mobile phones, they must also design the new casing which also spares a specific place inside to host the antenna. For this reason, each new mobile phone will require a new antenna. In the literature, antennas have been designed with various shapes, sizes and purposes. Reference [1]-[8] presented some recently designed dual-band antennas for mobile phones. This paper will present a dual-band, omni-directional microstrip antenna for smart mobile phones, ordered by a mobilephone R&D in Vietnam. The antenna is placed on FR4- epoxy substrate, which has the permittivity of ε r = 4.4, the thickness h=0.8 mm and the 3D size is mm 14 mm 1 mm. The frequency band requirements are GSM 900, GSM 1900 and UMTS 2010, in which the required return loss bandwidth is 20 MHz for the lower band and 300 MHz for the higher band. Furthermore, the designed antenna must be fitted to the required housing. Figure 1: Industrial design of the housing for the antenna In order to fit in a small and thin housing, the microstrip structure has been chosen for our project. The antenna should consist of two radiator branches in order to have the dualband and an impedance matching component. Dimensions of the patch antenna can be calculated using some design formulas. The microstrip line, which is a feed line, can also be approximately calculated. The impedance matching component has been designed in the shape of a trapezium microstrip line with the big bottom of 4mm, the small bottom of 1.3 mm, and the height of 5 mm plus a microstrip feed line. The antenna model will be simulated by using commercial software. The antenna model will be designed, simulated and optimized in order to meet the requirement. After the optimization process, the radiating patch is created with two branches which have different lengths to give different resonant frequencies. The ground plane is also determined on the opposite side. By a continuous process design, simulation and optimization of the model, finally, the proposed patch and ground plane have been obtained as given in Figure /12/$ IEEE 195
2 Figure 2: Antenna patch and antenna ground The finally designed antenna is presented in 2D and 3D shapes in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 4, good return loss results, those are db at 900 MHz and db at 2050 MHz, have been obtained. At the lower band, approximately 20 MHz bandwidth ( MHz) at -7 db return loss (or VSWR = 3) has been archived, while in the upper band MHz, the antenna bandwidth is approximately 350 MHz ( MHz) at the same return loss. Obviously, these results meet the requirements in terms of frequency range. Secondly, the radiation pattern in 3D representation of the designed antenna are shown in Figures 7 and 8, respectively. Peak gain at GSM 900 of -3.8 db has been archived while in GSM1900 and UMTS2100 the peak gain is 2.63 db. Figure 5: 3D radiation pattern (a) Gaintotal at low band (b) Gaintotal at high band Figure 3: The designed antenna model (a) 2D representation (b) 3D representation III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS To verify the designed model, comparison of simulation results with those from some similar dual-band antennas available in the literature have been done as shown in Figure 6. The simulation has been carried out using commercial simulation software. The simulation antenna has been designed to work on two frequency ranges, which are MHz (GSM 900) and (GSM 1900 and UMTS 2100). Firstly, the return loss of the microstrip antenna has been presented in Figure 4. Figure 6: Return loss comparison with literature The comparison of retotal of our proposed antenna with that from the similar antenna from literature is presented in Figures 7 and 8. Good agreement is also archived Figure 4: Return loss of the designed antenna 196
3 (a) XOY plane (b) XOZ plane Figure 8: retotal comparison at the high band IV. FABRICATION AND MEASUREMENT The simulated antenna model has been fabricated as shown in Figure 9. (a) (b) XOZ plane Figure 7: retotal comparison at the low band (b) Figure 9: Fabricated antenna model (a) the front face (b) the back face The fabricated sample is then measured using the Vector Network Analyzer. The simulation result of the return loss is now compared with the measurement result as shown in Figure 10. From Figure 10, the simulation results and the measurement results are slightly different but a very good measurement result has been obtained. (a) XOY plane 197
4 agreement of the simulation result and the measurement one has been given. REFERENCES Figure 10: Comparison between the simulation and the measurement result of S 11 (return loss) V. CONCLUSION A newly, omni-directionally and uniquely designed microstrip antenna for smart mobile phones, which works at GSM (900 and 1900) and UMTS 2100 has been designed, simulated. The simulated results of return loss and radiation patterns, which meet the requirements from the mobile phone manufacturer, have been verified to those from literatures. The simulated model has been fabricated and measured. Good [1] L. Ma, R. M. Edwards and W. G. Whittow, A Multi-band Printed Monopole Antenna, Antennas and Propagation, 2009, EuCAP 2009, 3rd, pp [2] C. H. Ku, H. W. Liu, and S. Y. Lin, Folded Dual-Loop Antenna for GSM/DSC/PSC/UMTS Mobile Handset Applications, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation letters, VOL.9, [3] Y. W. Chi and K. L. Wong, Printed Dual-band Loop Antenna for Mobile Phone Application, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2007 IEEE, pp [4] K. L. Wong, Y. C. Lin, C. H. Wu, B. Chen, K. T. Huang, and S. Yang, Thin Internal GSM/ DCS Patch Antenna for Mobile Phones, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium 2006, IEEE, pp [5] T. M. Tuan, Design Dual Band Microstrip Antenna for Next Generation Mobile Communication, the 2010 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC), pp [6] T. M. Tuan, Design Dual-band Microstrip Monopole Antenna for 3G Mobile Handsets, the 2010 Third International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), pp [7] T. M. Tuan, L.V. Hoan, Designing Multiband and Broadband Antenna for 3G Mobile Handsets, the 2008 International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communication (ATC) [8] C. Y. Chiu, P. L. Teng and K. L. Wong, Shorted, folded planar monopole antenna for dual-band mobile phone, Electronics Letters, Vol. 39, No. 18, 4th Sep
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