The chart below shows the change in mass number and atomic number of an atom for different types of radioactive decay.
|
|
|
- Baldwin Singleton
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 1 The chart below shows the change in mass number and atomic number of an atom for different types of radioactive decay. change in atomic number change in mass number A -1 0 B -2-4 C 0 0 D +1 0 (a) Write down the letter which shows how the mass number and atomic number change for the following: (i) emission of an alpha particle (ii) emission of a beta particle (iii) emission of gamma radiation (b) Complete the equation below to show the decay of to an isotope of thorium (Th) [2] 92 when it emits an alpha particle. 238 U (c) and are both forms of uranium. 92 (i) U U 92 What do we call different forms of the same element? (ii) Describe how their nuclei differ from each other. 238 U TOTAL / 7
2 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 2 A radioactive source is used in a factory to monitor the level of washing powder in cardboard boxes as they move along a conveyer belt. hopper washing powder radioactive source (a) A beta source is used. Why is an alpha source unsuitable? (b) Why could a gamma source not be used? (c) Explain what happen when the level of powder in the box reaches X. X GM tube cardboard box... [4] TOTAL / 6
3 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 3 Before Lord Rutherford s alpha particle scattering experiment in 1909, the atom was thought of as something like a plum pudding. (a) Describe the plum pudding model. (b)we now think of the atom as having a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. Briefly describe how Rutherford s experiments provided the evidence for this model.... [5] (c) Nuclear reactors make use of a process called nuclear fusion. How does nuclear fusion result in a release of energy?... [4] TOTAL / 6
4 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 4 Paul is a medical physicist. He uses an iodine-123 tracer in diagnosis of thyroid problems. 800 Counts per minute Hours The graph shows the decay curve for iodine-123. (Continued...)
5 QUESTIONSHEET 4 CONTINUED (a) Explain what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive substance. (b)(i) Using the graph, write down the half-life of iodine-123. (ii) (c)(i) (d) (i) What is the count rate after 24 hours? If 0.08 g of iodine-123 in solution is injected into a patient, what is the maximum amount still in the body after 39 hours? (ii) Why is it unlikely to actually be this much? Iodine-123 is a gamma emitter. Another isotope, iodine-131, with a half-life of 8 days is a beta emitter. Give two reasons why iodine-131 is not suitable as a tracer in the body. (ii) Complete the equation for the decay of iodine-131 to form xenon (Xe) I TOTAL / 9
6 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 5 The table below shows a list of radionuclides, their half-lives and the types of radiation emitted. radionuclide No of protons No of neutrons half-life radiation emitted Rn 54.5 s alpha 15 hr 14 days 28 yr yr. gamma beta beta beta & gamma (a) In the appropriate spaces in the table, write down the numbers of protons and neutrons in each nucleus. [5] (b) Many radioactive substances have industrial, and scientific uses. Choose the most suitable substances for the following tasks. (i) Na P Sr C finding the age of prehistoric remains (ii) tracing leaks in oil pipes TOTAL / 7
7 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 6 A source, which emits beta radiation, is used in a factory to control thickness of sheet metal as it is being rolled. Pressure control Metal sheet Detector Rollers (a) Name a suitable detector. Source (b)explain how this arrangement controls the metal thickness.... [5] (c)one worker suggests that an alpha source would be safer to use. Why is this not a sensible idea? TOTAL / 7
8 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 7 Freya is excavating a prehistoric site. She finds human bones in the ground and decides to send them for carbon dating. (a) (i) Which isotope of carbon is measured in carbon dating? (ii) Why is the element carbon chosen as the one to measure? (b) The graph below shows the decay curve for radioactive carbon Counts per minute Years (Continued...)
9 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 7 CONTINUED (i) The count rate at A is 100 counts per minute. What time period would a sample having this count rate come from? (ii) The analysis of Freya s sample gave a count rate of 60 counts per minute. How old is the sample? (iii) If the sample was know to date from 0 AD, what count rate would you expect? (iv) What is the half-life of this carbon isotope? (c) Freya believes that there may have been civilizations in the world more than years ago. Give two reasons why carbon dating would be unsuitable for testing any samples from this period. TOTAL / 8
10 High Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 8 The diagram below shows a nucleus of uranium-235 undergoing nuclear fission. A2 A1 235 u (a) (i) What type of particle is A1? (ii) Continue the diagram to show what happens when particles A2 and A3 meet more uranium nuclei. [1] (iii) What type of reaction has been started? (iv) What is produced in nuclear fission which makes it very useful for electricity generation? (b) The diagram below shows a nuclear reactor. boron control rods (i) uranium fuel rods graphite moderator gas flow What happens to the heated coolant? hot gas core cold gas A3 thick concrete shield pump heat exchanger steam to turbogenerators cold water (ii) What is the purpose of the layer of concrete around the reactor? (iii) What is the purpose of the control rods? TOTAL / 8
11 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 9 (a) Choose words from this list to complete the sentence below electrons molecules elements protons neutrons crystal nucleus An atom is made up of a tiny... which contains... and... It is surrounded by a cloud of... [4] (b) Explain what is meant by radioactivity.... [4] TOTAL / 8
12 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 10 (a) Complete the following table type of radiation composition speed electrical charge alpha slow positive electron fast gamma [6] (b) Radiation comes from the atomic nucleus, which only contains protons and neutrons. Explain how beta radiation arises.... [3] TOTAL / 9
13 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 11 (a) Radiation can be detected by photographic film. Workers in the radiation industry wear photographic film badges. Explain the purpose of these badges. (b) (i) Name a device commonly used to measure radioactivity. (ii) The device works by detecting the ionisation of a gas in a tube. Explain the meaning of the word ionisation.... [3] TOTAL / 5
14 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 12 A Geiger-Muller tube is attached to a ratemeter to measure the activity of a radioactive sample. A student records the measurements at two-minute intervals. time interval (min) counts per second (a) Why do the measurements vary? (b) Calculate the average measurement in a two-minute period. (c) (i) When the source is removed, the ratemeter continues to register a count. What is the origin of this count? (ii) Is the average measurement of this count likely to be higher or lower than that with the source present? TOTAL / 6
15 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 13 Radiation is used in medicine to kill cancerous cells. γ RADIATION tumour γ RADIATION organ γ RADIATION (a) What is the name we give to this treatment? (b) What type of radiation is used? (c)three weak beams of radiation are used. Explain why?... [4] TOTAL / 6
16 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 14 Sophie found a school radioactive source without a label. She decided to measure its count rate under different conditions using a Geiger-Muller counter. The table shows her results. (a) (i) (ii) set up counts per min source + no absorber 451 source + 1 mm foil absorber 455 source + 10 mm aluminium absorber 18 no source or absorber 15 What was the count rate due to background activity? Name two sources of background radiation. (b) What was the count rate due to the source alone? (c) What type of radiation did the source emit? (d) (i) Sophie then took further readings of count rate, without an absorber, at regular time intervals. She plotted a graph of count rate against time. What quantity might she be able to read from the graph? (ii) Why is it likely that she would not actually be able to find this quantity? (e) Give two precautions that Sophie should take when handling radioactive sources. TOTAL / 10
17 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 15 Members of the public who do not work with radiation are allowed a certain dose per year. The table shows the percentage of that dose that each medical x-ray gives. x-ray source % of background radiation dose dental 1 chest 5 skull 3 pelvis 24 spine 40 leg 3 arm 2 (a) (i) Draw a bar graph to display the data. [4] (ii) Jack has a chest x-ray. How many dental x-rays would he need to have the same dose? (iii) Name two ways in which radiation can damage the body. (b) Mary is a radiographer who routinely works with x-rays. Give two precautions she must take to keep her exposure as low as possible. TOTAL / 9
18 Medium Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 16 Bilal did an experiment to measure the penetrating power of alpha, beta and gamma radiation. The diagram shows a summary of his results. α Source β Source (a) (i) Continue the arrows for each type of radiation. [1] (ii) Bilal placed a strong magnet near each radiation beam. State what would happen to each radiation beam.... [3] (iii) Why do the results described in (ii) happen? (b) On a visit to a nuclear research laboratory, Bilal was shown a room containing a large cobalt-60 source. Cobalt-60 is a gamma emitter. (i) γ Source Paper Aluminium What would be the best material for the walls of the room? (ii) State a precaution which should be taken by workers at the laboratory to reduce their dose of gamma radiation. Lead TOTAL / 8
19 Low Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 17 (a) Write down two ways in which radioactivity is harmful to humans. (b) A source of radiation is outside a person s body. Which type of radiation is least dangerous to the person? (Give a reason for your answer) Type of radiation Reason (one line) (c) Describe how radioactivity can be used to sterilise medical equipment. TOTAL / 6
20 Low Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 18 Nuclear power stations generate electricity (a) Name a fuel that is used in a nuclear power station. (b)when the Russian nuclear power station at Chernobyl suffered damage some years ago, there was a leakage of radiation into the environment. People in the UK were advised not to drink milk. (i) Complete the flow chart to show how the radiation could have got into UK milk. Choose phrases from the list below. [3] cows have calves blown to UK leaks into sea settles on grass cows produce milk Radioactive gas leaks A B C Cows eat grass (ii) State two other possible harmful effects of the radiation from Chernobyl. (iii) Why has the area around the Chernobyl power station been cleared for a very long time? TOTAL / 7
21 Low Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 19 Stephen is moving house. He would like to live in an area with low background radiation.. He looked at a table showing the average radiation levels from radon gas in air in different areas of the country. The table is shown below. area units of radiation dose per year Cornwall 60 Sussex 15 Derbyshire 65 Scottish Highlands 36 North Yorkshire 9 (a) (i) Display the data in a bar chart. [3] (ii) Where would he obtain the lowest dose? (iii) Why is radon gas present in air? (b) Stephen had a holiday in the United States. His return flight gave him a radiation dose of 6 units. How many return flights would he have to make to receive the equivalent of living in Cornwall for a year? TOTAL / 7
22 Low Demand Questions QUESTIONSHEET 20 There is radiation all around us. Some is artificial, but the greater proportion is natural. (a) (i) Give two sources of natural radiation. (ii) Give one source of artificial radiation. (b) (c) (i) Nuclear reactors provide only a small amount of the energy used in this country, yet many people are worried about them. Give two arguments against the setting up of more nuclear power plants. (ii) Give two arguments in favour of setting up more nuclear power plants. What two important uses do radioactive isotopes have in medicine? TOTAL / 9
Radiation and the Universe Higher Exam revision questions and answers
Radiation and the Universe Higher Exam revision questions and answers Madeley High School Q.The names of three different processes are given in List A. Where these processes happen is given in List B.
Radioactivity & Particles
Radioactivity & Particles Introduction... 2 Atomic structure... 2 How are these particles arranged?... 2 Atomic notation... 4 Isotopes... 4 What is radioactivity?... 5 Types of Radiation: alpha, beta and
1. In the general symbol cleus, which of the three letters. 2. What is the mass number of an alpha particle?
1. In the general symbol cleus, which of the three letters Z A X for a nu represents the atomic number? 2. What is the mass number of an alpha particle? 3. What is the mass number of a beta particle? 4.
For convenience, we may consider an atom in two parts: the nucleus and the electrons.
Atomic structure A. Introduction: In 1808, an English scientist called John Dalton proposed an atomic theory based on experimental findings. (1) Elements are made of extremely small particles called atoms.
Basics of Nuclear Physics and Fission
Basics of Nuclear Physics and Fission A basic background in nuclear physics for those who want to start at the beginning. Some of the terms used in this factsheet can be found in IEER s on-line glossary.
Structure and Properties of Atoms
PS-2.1 Compare the subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons) of an atom with regard to mass, location, and charge, and explain how these particles affect the properties of an atom (including identity,
22.1 Nuclear Reactions
In the Middle Ages, individuals called alchemists spent a lot of time trying to make gold. Often, they fooled people into believing that they had made gold. Although alchemists never succeeded in making
Industrial tracers - Finding leaks and blockages
Cancer Treatment Alpha radiation is used to treat various forms of cancer. This process, called unsealed source radiotherapy, involves inserting tiny amounts of radium-226 into cancerous organs. The alpha
Chapter 17: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry
Chapter 7: Radioactivity and Nuclear Chemistry Problems: -20, 24-30, 32-46, 49-70, 74-88, 99-0 7.2 THE DISCOVERY OF RADIOACTIVITY In 896, a French physicist named Henri Becquerel discovered that uranium-containing
............... [2] At the time of purchase of a Strontium-90 source, the activity is 3.7 10 6 Bq.
![............... [2] At the time of purchase of a Strontium-90 source, the activity is 3.7 10 6 Bq.](/thumbs/40/21837699.jpg "............... [2] At the time of purchase of a Strontium-90 source, the activity is 3.7 10 6 Bq.")
1 Strontium-90 decays with the emission of a β-particle to form Yttrium-90. The reaction is represented by the equation 90 38 The decay constant is 0.025 year 1. 90 39 0 1 Sr Y + e + 0.55 MeV. (a) Suggest,
Radioactivity III: Measurement of Half Life.
PHY 192 Half Life 1 Radioactivity III: Measurement of Half Life. Introduction This experiment will once again use the apparatus of the first experiment, this time to measure radiation intensity as a function
Unit 1 Practice Test. Matching
Unit 1 Practice Test Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. proton d. electron b. nucleus e. neutron c. atom 1. the smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of
Physics 1104 Midterm 2 Review: Solutions
Physics 114 Midterm 2 Review: Solutions These review sheets cover only selected topics from the chemical and nuclear energy chapters and are not meant to be a comprehensive review. Topics covered in these
SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table
Lesson Topics Covered SCH 3UI Unit 2 Outline Up to Quiz #1 Atomic Theory and the Periodic Table 1 Note: History of Atomic Theory progression of understanding of composition of matter; ancient Greeks and
Nuclear Energy: Nuclear Energy
Introduction Nuclear : Nuclear As we discussed in the last activity, energy is released when isotopes decay. This energy can either be in the form of electromagnetic radiation or the kinetic energy of
Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Physics comprises the study of:
Nuclear Physics Nuclear Physics comprises the study of: The general properties of nuclei The particles contained in the nucleus The interaction between these particles Radioactivity and nuclear reactions
Nuclear Science Merit Badge Workbook
Merit Badge Workbook This workbook can help you but you still need to read the merit badge pamphlet. The work space provided for each requirement should be used by the Scout to make notes for discussing
NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom
NOTES ON The Structure of the Atom Chemistry is the study of matter and its properties. Those properties can be explained by examining the atoms that compose the matter. An atom is the smallest particle
HOW DOES A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT WORK?
HOW DOES A NUCLEAR POWER PLANT WORK? O n t a r i o P o w e r G e n e r a t i o n P U T T I N G O U R E N E R G Y T O U S G O O D E O N T A R I O P O W E R G E N E R A T I O N What a Nuclear Reactor Does
PHYA5/1. General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2011. Unit 5 Nuclear and Thermal Physics Section A
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examinerʼs Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examinerʼs Initials General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2011 Question 1 2 Mark Physics
Introduction to Nuclear Physics
Introduction to Nuclear Physics 1. Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table According to the Bohr-Rutherford model of the atom, also called the solar system model, the atom consists of a central nucleus
Antoine Henri Becquerel was born in Paris on December 15, 1852
Discovery Antoine Henri Becquerel was born in Paris on December 15, 1852 Summit Environmental Technologies, Inc. Analytical Laboratories 3310 Win Street Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio 44223 Fax: 1-330-253-4489 Call
Medical Physics and Radioactivity
Medical Physics and Radioactivity Radioactivity Unstable nucleus Electromagnetic wave particle Atoms which emit electromagnetic radiation or a particle by the spontaneous transformation of their nucleus
Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes
GCSE PHYSICS Foundation Tier Paper 1F F Specimen 2018 Time allowed: 1 hour 45 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: a ruler a calculator the Physics Equation Sheet (enclosed). Instructions Answer
X-Rays Benefits and Risks. Techniques that use x-rays
X-Rays Benefits and Risks X-rays are a form of electromagnetic radiation, just like light waves and radiowaves. Because X-rays have higher energy than light waves, they can pass through the body. X-rays
A n = 2 to n = 1. B n = 3 to n = 1. C n = 4 to n = 2. D n = 5 to n = 2
North arolina Testing Program EO hemistry Sample Items Goal 4 1. onsider the spectrum for the hydrogen atom. In which situation will light be produced? 3. Which color of light would a hydrogen atom emit
History of the Atom & Atomic Theory
Chapter 5 History of the Atom & Atomic Theory You re invited to a Thinking Inside the Box Conference Each group should nominate a: o Leader o Writer o Presenter You have 5 minutes to come up with observations
Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom
Chapter 18: The Structure of the Atom 1. For most elements, an atom has A. no neutrons in the nucleus. B. more protons than electrons. C. less neutrons than electrons. D. just as many electrons as protons.
Main properties of atoms and nucleus
Main properties of atoms and nucleus. Atom Structure.... Structure of Nuclei... 3. Definition of Isotopes... 4. Energy Characteristics of Nuclei... 5. Laws of Radioactive Nuclei Transformation... 3. Atom
Thursday 13 June 2013 Morning
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Thursday 13 June 2013 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE PHYSICS A A182/02 Modules P4 P5 P6 (Higher Tier) *A137290613* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator
Objectives 404 CHAPTER 9 RADIATION
Objectives Explain the difference between isotopes of the same element. Describe the force that holds nucleons together. Explain the relationship between mass and energy according to Einstein s theory
Atomic Structure OBJECTIVES SCHEDULE PREPARATION VOCABULARY MATERIALS. For each team of four. The students. For the class.
activity 4 Atomic Structure OBJECTIVES Students are introduced to the structure of the atom and the nature of subatomic particles. The students are introduced to the properties of protons, neutrons, and
GCSE Additional Science Physics Contents Guide
GCSE Additional Science Contents Guide Copyright Boardworks Ltd 2007 Boardworks Ltd The Gallery 54 Marston Street Oxford OX4 1LF 08703 50 55 60 enquiries@boardworks.co.uk www.boardworks.co.uk 04-07 contains
Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation. Marc R. Roussel
Chemistry 1000 Lecture 2: Nuclear reactions and radiation Marc R. Roussel Nuclear reactions Ordinary chemical reactions do not involve the nuclei, so we can balance these reactions by making sure that
PHYA5/1. General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2012. Unit 5 Nuclear and Thermal Physics Section A
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examinerʼs Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examinerʼs Initials General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination June 2012 Question 1 2 Mark Physics
Masses in Atomic Units
Nuclear Composition - the forces binding protons and neutrons in the nucleus are much stronger (binding energy of MeV) than the forces binding electrons to the atom (binding energy of ev) - the constituents
EPA Radionuclides Rule and the RadNet Program
EPA Radionuclides Rule and the RadNet Program Kelly Moran (215) 814-2331 moran.kelly@epa.gov 7/20/2011 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1 What is a radionuclide (radioisotope)? element - any one of
Monday 21 May 2012 Morning
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Monday 21 May 2012 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE PHYSICS A A182/02 Modules P4 P5 P6 (Higher Tier) *A135280612* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator
The Models of the Atom
The Models of the Atom All life, whether in the form of trees, whales, mushrooms, bacteria or amoebas, consists of cells. Similarly, all matter, whether in the form of aspirin, gold, vitamins, air or minerals,
CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING
CHEMISTRY STANDARDS BASED RUBRIC ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND BONDING Essential Standard: STUDENTS WILL UNDERSTAND THAT THE PROPERTIES OF MATTER AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ARE A CONSEQUENCE OF THE STRUCTURE OF MATTER,
ATOMS: ATOMIC STRUCTURE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
ATOMS: ATOMIC STRUCTURE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS QUESTION ONE: MODELS OF THE ATOM (2011;1) At different times scientists have proposed various descriptions or models of the atom to match experimental evidence
Experiment 10. Radioactive Decay of 220 Rn and 232 Th Physics 2150 Experiment No. 10 University of Colorado
1 Radioactive Decay of 220 Rn and 232 Th Physics 2150 Experiment No. 10 University of Colorado Introduction Some radioactive isotopes formed billions of years ago have half- lives so long that they are
10 Nuclear Power Reactors Figure 10.1
10 Nuclear Power Reactors Figure 10.1 89 10.1 What is a Nuclear Power Station? The purpose of a power station is to generate electricity safely reliably and economically. Figure 10.1 is the schematic of
Introduction to Geiger Counters
Introduction to Geiger Counters A Geiger counter (Geiger-Muller tube) is a device used for the detection and measurement of all types of radiation: alpha, beta and gamma radiation. Basically it consists
Noble Gases. Outline Nobel Gas Elements Radon and Health Chemistry Homework
Radon and Other Noble Gases The elements in the last column of the periodic table are all very stable, mono-atomic gases. Until 1962, they were called inert gases because they did not react with other
Atomic and Nuclear Physics Laboratory (Physics 4780)
Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Week of September 27, 2010 Atomic and Nuclear Physics Laboratory (Physics 4780) The University of Toledo Instructor: Randy Ellingson Gamma Ray Production: Co 60 60 60 27Co28Ni *
The Physics of Energy sources Nuclear Reactor Practicalities
The Physics of Energy sources Nuclear Reactor Practicalities B. Maffei Bruno.maffei@manchester.ac.uk www.jb.man.ac.uk/~bm Nuclear Reactor 1 Commonalities between reactors All reactors will have the same
Chapter NP-5. Nuclear Physics. Nuclear Reactions TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 NUCLEAR REACTIONS 2.0 NEUTRON INTERACTIONS
Chapter NP-5 Nuclear Physics Nuclear Reactions TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 2.0 NEUTRON INTERACTIONS 2.1 ELASTIC SCATTERING 2.2 INELASTIC SCATTERING 2.3 RADIATIVE CAPTURE 2.4 PARTICLE
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
Cambridge International Examinations Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education *0123456789* PHYSICS 0625/04 Paper 4 Theory (Extended) For Examination from 2016 SPECIMEN PAPER 1
The effects of radiation on the body can be divided into Stochastic (random) effects and deterministic or Non-stochastic effects.
RADIATION SAFETY: HOW TO EDUCATE AND PROTECT YOURSELF AND YOUR STAFF John Farrelly, DVM, MS, ACVIM (Oncology), ACVR (Radiation Oncology) Cornell University Veterinary Specialists The Veterinary Cancer
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner
APS Science Curriculum Unit Planner Grade Level/Subject Chemistry Stage 1: Desired Results Enduring Understanding Topic 1: Elements and the Periodic Table: The placement of elements on the periodic table
Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Safety. Module 1. Radiation Safety Fundamentals
Environmental Health and Safety Radiation Safety Module 1 Radiation Safety Fundamentals Atomic Structure Atoms are composed of a variety of subatomic particles. The three of interest to Health Physics
What you should do if there is a NUCLEAR EMERGENCY at the Devonport Site
What you should do if there is a NUCLEAR EMERGENCY at the Devonport Site August 2014 Important Nuclear Safety Advice You should read this booklet carefully. The advice is summarised on the back page, which
Azeri, Chirag & Gunashli Full Field Development Phase 3 Environmental & Socio-economic Impact Assessment. A10.1 Introduction...
APPENDIX 10 Normally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) Contents A10.1 Introduction... A10/3 A10.2 Occurrence & Concentration of NORM in Oil and Gas Operations... A10/4 A10.2.1 Probability of NORM formation
Submarines and Aircraft Carriers: The Science of Nuclear Power
! Submarines and Aircraft Carriers: The Science of Nuclear Power Science Topic: Physics and Social Science Grades: 9th 12th Essential Questions: How does a nuclear reactor work? What are the benefits and
Objectives. PAM1014 Introduction to Radiation Physics. Constituents of Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Atoms. Basic Atomic Theory
PAM1014 Introduction to Radiation Physics Basic Atomic Theory Objectives Introduce and Molecules The periodic Table Electronic Energy Levels Atomic excitation & de-excitation Ionisation Molecules Constituents
3 Atomic Structure 15
3 Atomic Structure 15 3.1 Atoms You need to be familiar with the terms in italics The diameter of the nucleus is approximately 10-15 m and an atom 10-10 m. All matter consists of atoms. An atom can be
Basic Nuclear Concepts
Section 7: In this section, we present a basic description of atomic nuclei, the stored energy contained within them, their occurrence and stability Basic Nuclear Concepts EARLY DISCOVERIES [see also Section
Elements, Atoms & Ions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation FOURTH EDITION by Steven S. Zumdahl University of Illinois Elements, Atoms & Ions Chapter 4 1 2 Elements Aims: To learn about the relative abundances of the elements,
Instructors Guide: Atoms and Their Isotopes
Instructors Guide: Atoms and Their Isotopes Standards Connections Connections to NSTA Standards for Science Teacher Preparation C.3.a.1 Fundamental structures of atoms and molecules. C.3.b.27 Applications
Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life
Chapter 2: The Chemical Context of Life Name Period This chapter covers the basics that you may have learned in your chemistry class. Whether your teacher goes over this chapter, or assigns it for you
The Structure of the Atom
The Structure of the Atom Copyright Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Section 4. Early Ideas About Matter pages 02 05 Section 4. Assessment page 05. Contrast the methods
Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter
Atoms, Ions and Molecules The Building Blocks of Matter Chapter 2 1 Chapter Outline 2.1 The Rutherford Model of Atomic Structure 2.2 Nuclides and Their Symbols 2.3 Navigating the Periodic Table 2.4 The
9/13/2013. However, Dalton thought that an atom was just a tiny sphere with no internal parts. This is sometimes referred to as the cannonball model.
John Dalton was an English scientist who lived in the early 1800s. Dalton s atomic theory served as a model for how matter worked. The principles of Dalton s atomic theory are: 1. Elements are made of
Homework #10 (749508)
Homework #10 (749508) Current Score: 0 out of 100 Description Homework on quantum physics and radioactivity Instructions Answer all the questions as best you can. 1. Hewitt10 32.E.001. [481697] 0/5 points
CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers
1 CHEM 1411 Chapter 5 Homework Answers 1. Which statement regarding the gold foil experiment is false? (a) It was performed by Rutherford and his research group early in the 20 th century. (b) Most of
GCSE COMBINED SCIENCE: TRILOGY
GCSE COMBINED SCIENCE: TRILOGY Higher Tier Paper 5: Physics 1H H Specimen 2018 Time allowed: 1 hour 15 minutes Materials For this paper you must have: a ruler a calculator the Physics Equation Sheet (enclosed).
Nuclear Physics Lab I: Geiger-Müller Counter and Nuclear Counting Statistics
Nuclear Physics Lab I: Geiger-Müller Counter and Nuclear Counting Statistics PART I Geiger Tube: Optimal Operating Voltage and Resolving Time Objective: To become acquainted with the operation and characteristics
Nuclear Structure. particle relative charge relative mass proton +1 1 atomic mass unit neutron 0 1 atomic mass unit electron -1 negligible mass
Protons, neutrons and electrons Nuclear Structure particle relative charge relative mass proton 1 1 atomic mass unit neutron 0 1 atomic mass unit electron -1 negligible mass Protons and neutrons make up
Answers to Review Questions for Atomic Theory Quiz #1
Answers to Review Questions for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Multiple Choice Questions: 1. c 7. a 13. c 19. a 25. b 31. b 37. a 43. d 2. d 8. c 14. c 20. c 26. d 32. c 38. d 44. b 3. b 9. a 15. b 21. c 27. b
Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems
Atomic Structure: Chapter Problems Bohr Model Class Work 1. Describe the nuclear model of the atom. 2. Explain the problems with the nuclear model of the atom. 3. According to Niels Bohr, what does n stand
Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table
Name: Class: Date: Chemical Building Blocks: Chapter 3: Elements and Periodic Table Study Guide Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Atomic Calculations. 2.1 Composition of the Atom. number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number
2.1 Composition of the Atom Atomic Calculations number of protons + number of neutrons = mass number number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons number of protons = number of electrons IF positive
Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity 1. The number of electrons in an atom of atomic number Z and mass number A is 1) A 2) Z 3) A+Z 4) A-Z 2. The repulsive force between the positively charged protons does
Lecture 2 Macroscopic Interactions. 22.106 Neutron Interactions and Applications Spring 2010
Lecture 2 Macroscopic Interactions 22.106 Neutron Interactions and Applications Spring 2010 Objectives Macroscopic Interactions Atom Density Mean Free Path Moderation in Bulk Matter Neutron Shielding Effective
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: National Response to I-131 from Japan Nuclear Power Plant March 27, 2011. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS: National Response to I-131 from Japan Nuclear Power Plant March 27, 2011 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Are the levels we re seeing in precipitation likely to lead to
Nuclear Energy in Everyday Life
Nuclear Energy in Everyday Life Understanding Radioactivity and Radiation in our Everyday Lives Radioactivity is part of our earth it has existed all along. Naturally occurring radioactive materials are
A Review of Emerging Gamma Detector Technologies for Airborne. Radiation Monitoring
A Review of Emerging Gamma Detector Technologies for Airborne Steven Bell ANSRI Dublin 2015 12-14 January Radiation Monitoring Airborne radiation Particulates: sub-μm to sub-mm contaminated with fission
The Safe Transport of Uranium Ore Concentrates
wnti W o r l d N u c l e a r T r a N s p o rt I N s T I T u T e FACT SHEET NO.7 The Safe Transport of Uranium Ore Concentrates Dedicated to the safe, efficient and reliable transport of radioactive materials
MCQ - ENERGY and CLIMATE
1 MCQ - ENERGY and CLIMATE 1. The volume of a given mass of water at a temperature of T 1 is V 1. The volume increases to V 2 at temperature T 2. The coefficient of volume expansion of water may be calculated
Potassium-Argon (K-Ar) Dating
Potassium-Argon (K-Ar) Dating K-Ar Dating In 10,000 K atoms: 9326 39 K 673 41 K 1 40 K Potassium Decay Potassium Decay Potassium Decay Argon About 1% of atmosphere is argon Three stable isotopes of argon
ABSORPTION OF BETA AND GAMMA RADIATION
ABSORPTION OF BETA AND GAMMA RADIATION The purpose of this experiment is to understand the interaction of radiation and matter, and the application to radiation detection and shielding Apparatus: 137 Cs
The content is based on the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) standards and is aligned with state standards.
Literacy Advantage Physical Science Physical Science Literacy Advantage offers a tightly focused curriculum designed to address fundamental concepts such as the nature and structure of matter, the characteristics
ARTIFICIAL RADIOACTIVITY
Vilnius University Faculty of Physics Department of Solid State Electronics Laboratory of Atomic and Nuclear Physics Experiment No. 8 ARTIFICIAL RADIOACTIVITY by Andrius Poškus (e-mail: andrius.poskus@ff.vu.lt)
Science Lesson Plan for K-6 Teachers
1 Science Lesson Plan for K-6 Teachers Contents Unit Overview 3 Unit Description 4 Outcomes and Indicators 4 Assessment 5 Links with other KLA s 5 Suggested Excursion 6 Links with National Statements of
Dose Standards and Methods for Protection. Radiation and Contamination
Dose Standards and Methods for Protection Against Radiation and Contamination This section will discuss the NRC dose standards and the methods used to protect individuals from the harmful effects of radiation
Chapter 16. 16.1 The Nucleus and Radioactivity. 16.2 Uses of Radioactive Substances. 16.3 Nuclear Energy
Chapter 16 Nuclear Chemistry tan is going to visit his son Fred at the radiology department of a local research hospital, where Fred has been recording the brain activity of kids with learning differences
2. John Dalton did his research work in which of the following countries? a. France b. Greece c. Russia d. England
CHAPTER 3 1. Which combination of individual and contribution is not correct? a. Antoine Lavoisier - clarified confusion over cause of burning b. John Dalton - proposed atomic theory c. Marie Curie - discovered
MODULE 1: Nuclear Energy; Exponential Growth and Decay OVERVIEW
MODULE 1: Nuclear Energy; Exponential Growth and Decay OVERVIEW Making predictions about the future is part of what mathematicians and scientists do. Many natural phenomena and physical processes are described
Review for Atomic Theory Quiz #1
Review for Atomic Theory Quiz #1 Practice Multiple Choice Questions: 1. Which of the following is/are quantitative physical property(s) of matter? a) mass c) density b) volume d) all of the above 2. Which
Indiana's Academic Standards 2010 ICP Indiana's Academic Standards 2016 ICP. map) that describe the relationship acceleration, velocity and distance.
.1.1 Measure the motion of objects to understand.1.1 Develop graphical, the relationships among distance, velocity and mathematical, and pictorial acceleration. Develop deeper understanding through representations
Chemistry. The student will be able to identify and apply basic safety procedures and identify basic equipment.
Chemistry UNIT I: Introduction to Chemistry The student will be able to describe what chemistry is and its scope. a. Define chemistry. b. Explain that chemistry overlaps many other areas of science. The
Atomic Structure Chapter 5 Assignment & Problem Set
Atomic Structure Name Warm-Ups (Show your work for credit) Date 1. Date 2. Date 3. Date 4. Date 5. Date 6. Date 7. Date 8. Atomic Structure 2 Study Guide: Things You Must Know Vocabulary (know the definition
Fission fragments or daughters that have a substantial neutron absorption cross section and are not fissionable are called...
KNOWLEDGE: K1.01 [2.7/2.8] B558 Fission fragments or daughters that have a substantial neutron absorption cross section and are not fissionable are called... A. fissile materials. B. fission product poisons.
Lesson 43: Alpha, Beta, & Gamma Decay
Lesson 43: Alpha, Beta, & Gamma Decay The late 18s and early 19s were a period of intense research into the new nuclear realm of physics. In 1896 Henri Becquerel found that a sample of uranium he was doing
Level 3 Achievement Scale
Unit 1: Atoms Level 3 Achievement Scale Can state the key results of the experiments associated with Dalton, Rutherford, Thomson, Chadwick, and Bohr and what this lead each to conclude. Can explain that
Chapter NP-1. Nuclear Physics. Atomic Nature of Matter TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES
Chapter NP-1 Nuclear Physics Atomic Nature of Matter TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES 1.0 PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES 1.1 CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 2.0 COMPOSITION OF ATOMS 2.1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE
ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S. The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39)
ATOMS A T O M S, I S O T O P E S, A N D I O N S The Academic Support Center @ Daytona State College (Science 120, Page 1 of 39) THE ATOM All elements listed on the periodic table are made up of atoms.
Physics Unit 2 Revision (Higher tier)
Physics Unit 2 Revision (Higher tier) Forces Forced act in pairs. When 2 forces interact they are equal and opposite in direction e.g. a person exerts a force on the chair but the chair applies an equal