System Software. Chapter 4. Computing Essentials Edited/Modified by Nicole Tobias. System Software

Transcription

1 System Software Chapter 4 Computing Essentials 2014 Edited/Modified by Nicole Tobias 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not 2014 by McGraw-Hill Education. This proprietary material solely for authorized instructor use. Not authorized authorized for sale for or distribution sale or distribution in any manner. in any manner. This document This document may not may be copied, not be copied, scanned, scanned,

2 Competencies (Page 1 of 2) Describe the differences between system software and application software. Discuss the four types of system software. Discuss the basic functions, features, and categories of operating systems. Discuss mobile operating systems including Blackberry OS, ios, Android, Windows Phone, and WebOS. 2

3 Competencies (Page 2 of 2) Describe Windows, Mac OS, UNIX, Linux, and virtualization. Describe the purpose of utilities and utility suites. Identify the four most essential utilities. Discuss Windows utility programs. Describe device drivers, including Windows Add a Device Wizard and Update. 3

4 Introduction Computers are ubiquitous in our lives and we expect them to be there when we need them. We give little thought to the processes and programs running behind the scenes to keep them functioning effectively. Such programs (i.e. operating systems, utility programs, and device drivers) are the system software you learn about here. 4

5 Not just a single program -> It is a collection of Software Works with end users, application software, and computer hardware

6 Handles the technical details Includes the operating system, utilities, device drivers, and language translators 6

7 Four main types: 1. Operating Systems Coordinate resources, provide interfaces, and run applications 2. Utilities Perform specific tasks related to managing computer resources 3. Device Drivers Programs that allow communication from I/O devices to the computer. 4. Language Translators Convert programming instructions written by humans into a computer s language.

8 Operating Systems A collection of programs that handle technical tasks Manage resources Provide user interface Run applications Examples: Windows 7 Mac OS X Also called the software environment or platform 8

9 Functions of an Operating System Classified (primarily) into three groups: 1. Managing Resources 2. Providing user interface 3. Running Applications 9

10 Functions of an Operating System Manages computer resources Coordinate memory, processing, storage, printers and monitors Monitor system performance Schedule tasks Provide security Start-up the computer Provides user interface Graphical user interface (GUI) Runs applications Multitasking Foreground and background applications 10

11 Features of an Operating System Booting Starting or restarting a computer Warm Boot vs. Cold Boot Warm Boot = Restarting a computer that is turned on Cold Boot = Starting a computer that has been turned off 11

12 Features of an Operating System Features in common with application software Icons Pointer Windows Menus Tabs Dialog boxes Help Gesture Control Files and Folders 12

13 Categories of Operating Systems Three basic categories Embedded operating systems (handheld) Network operating systems (linked computers) Stand-alone operating systems (desktop) 13

14 Categories of Operating Systems Three basic categories Embedded operating systems (handheld) Smartphones Cable TV tuner boxes Video game systems Network operating systems (linked computers) Windows Server, Linux, Unix OS stored on network server which coordinates all communication between the other computers Stand-alone operating systems (desktop) Also called client operating system 14

15 Mobile Operating Systems Mobile OS Embedded operating system in every smartphone Some of the best known Android (2007) BlackBerry OS (1999) ios (2007) WebOS (2009) Windows Phone (2012) 15

16 Desktop Operating Systems Most widely use desktop operating systems: Windows Mac OS Unix Linux 16

17 Discussion Ethics: When a new OS is introduced, many people believe that they need to quickly replace their older OS, and some conclude that they need to purchase a new computer altogether. One down fall to this is that it is often found that some of their existing application programs do not work as well with the new OS. 17

18 Discussion Ethics: It has been suggested that the introduction of new OSs is a technique used by software and hardware manufacturers to render existing programs and computers obsolete. What do you think? 18

19 Virtualization Ability to support multiple operating systems on a single physical machine Virtualization software Each virtual machine appears as a separate independent computer Hyper-V Host operating system Guest operating system 19

20 Utilities Specialized programs to make computing easier Most essential utilities Troubleshooting or diagnostic programs Antivirus programs Backup programs File compression programs 20

21 Windows Utilities Common Utilities that come with the OS are: Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Restore 21

22 Utility Suites Combine several programs into one package Less expensive Popular suites Bit Defender Norton Utilities ZoneAlarm 22

23 Discussion Ethics: Everyone should worry about getting a computer virus that will corrupt or destroying files Some suggest that software developers may be taking advantage of this fear by sending out misleading or fake virus alerts. One reported scam encourages users to download a free virus detection program. 23

24 Discussion Ethics: This free download begins by actually installing a virus onto the user s computer. It then preforms a bogus scan, locating the virus and then offers to remove the virus for a fee. Obviously, this is unethical, not to mention illegal. How can you and legitimate antivirus manufactures protect themselves against viruses and unethical software developers? 24

25 Making IT Work for You Windows Task Manager Has your computer ever just stopped responding? What do you do? Windows Task Manager is designed to help. 25

26 Device Drivers Allow communication between a device and the computer Loaded into memory each time a computer is started When a new device is added, new device drivers must be installed Add a Device Wizard step-by-step Windows already has many drivers within the system software 26

27 Careers In IT Computer support specialist provide technical support to customers and other users Resolve common networking problems and use troubleshooting programs to diagnose problems Employers look for a bachelors degree, good analytical and communication skills Computer support specialist can expect to earn $31K - $58K annually 27

28 A Look to the Future - IBM's Aware Supercomputer IBM s Automatic Computing Initiative (ACI) Handles time-consuming maintenance Self-regulating and virtually invisible Self-maintaining servers Self-repairing Self-updating Self-protecting 28

29 Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2) Describe system software. Discuss each of the system programs. Define operating systems. Describe the basic features and the three categories of operating systems. What are mobile operating systems? Describe six leading mobile operating systems. 29

30 Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2) What are desktop operating systems? Compare Windows, Mac OS, Linux and Chrome OS. Discuss virtualization. Discuss utilities. What are the most essential utilities? What is a utility suite? Explain the role of device drivers. Discuss the Add a Device Wizard and Windows Update. 30