Spanish Garden Design

Transcription

1 Utah State University All Archived Publications Archived USU Extension Publications 2005 Spanish Garden Design Larry A. Sagers Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: Part of the Horticulture Commons Warning: The information in this series may be obsolete. It is presented here for historical purposes only. For the most up to date information please visit The Utah State University Cooperative Extension Office Recommended Citation Sagers, Larry A., "Spanish Garden Design" (2005). All Archived Publications. Paper This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the Archived USU Extension Publications at It has been accepted for inclusion in All Archived Publications by an authorized administrator of For more information, please contact

2 Spanish Garden Design Larry A. Sagers Regional Horticulturist Utah State University Extension Thanksgiving Point Office 1

3 2 The Iberian Peninsula Is Another Site Of A Significant Garden Design Concept

4 3 The Area Has Been Important Horticulturally For Thousands Of Years

5 4 After The Decline Of The Roman Empire, Islamic Spain Became The Center Of European Civilization

6 5 Gardens Show The Influence Of Political, Religious And Ethnic Diversity

7 6 This Diversity Has Helped Create A Unique Garden Style

8 7 The Oldest Surviving Continuously Maintained Gardens Are The Patios And Courtyards Of Cordoba, Seville And Granada In Andalusia.

9 8 These Gardens Endure As Representatives Of Garden Designs Of A Former Time And Place.

10 9 Roman And Moorish Civilizations Contributed Much To The Design Of Spanish Gardens

11 10 Romans Occupied Spain For Seven Centuries From 205 B. C. To 500 A.D.

12 11 They Built Towns, Roads, Bridges, And Aqueducts Throughout Spain Many Of These Are Still In Use Today

13 12 The Roman Atrium Was The Model For The Spanish Patio

14 13 The Patio Became The Central Feature Of Spanish Garden Design

15 14 In 711 A.D. The Moors Brought Significant Advances In Agriculture And Horticulture And In The Arts And Sciences When They Conquered The Peninsula

16 15 They Built Elaborate Mosques And Palaces With Courtyards And Terraces That Incorporated The Essential Elements Of Shade, Water, And Plants

17 16 Elaborate Irrigation Systems Were Constructed To Water To Fields And Gardens

18 17 The Forecourt Of The Magnificent Mosque Of Cordoba, Planted With Rows Of Orange Trees Along The Irrigation Channels Is Thought To Be The Oldest, Continuously Maintained Garden In The World

19 18 It Represents The Concepts Of Gardens That Produced Food And Were Decorative

20 19 Moorish Gardens Were Private Retreats To Contemplate And Enjoy

21 20 The Islamic Influence On Horticulture Has Been Significant In The Iberian Peninsula And Important In The Horticulture Of Latin America

22 21 No Statues Are Seen In Spanish Gardens Of That Era As They Are Prohibited By The Koran

23 22 The Islamic Influence Included Tools And Technology From China: Gunpowder Paper Making The Compass

24 23 These Developments Created An Appetite For More Riches From The East

25 24 This Led To The Great Explorations That Resulted In The Discovery (From The European/western Perspective) And The Transfer Of Thousands Of Plants

26 25 This Spanish Mission in New Mexico Had Gardens That Were Typical Spanish Design

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28 27 Because Of The Warm Climate, Gardens Were Designed To Be Enjoyed In All Seasons

29 28 They Also Were Designed As Multi-sensory Gardens

30 29 They Had The Sound Of Water And Bird Song

31 30 They Had The Fragrance Of Oranges, Roses, And Jasmine

32 31 The Generalife Palace Shows The Importance Of Water As A Garden Element.

33 32 During The 15th Century, Christian Reconquest Of Spain, Culminated In 1492 With The Conquest Of Granada

34 33 There Was An Assimilation Of Islamic Learning And Design

35 34 Christians Incorporated Islamic Elements In Architecture And Garden Design, Using Moorish Craftsmen To Create Mudejar Designs

36 35 The Elaborate Palace And Patios Of Seville Are Excellent Examples Of Mudejar (Hispano-Islamic) Design

37 36 The Medieval Cloister Garden Continued The Courtyard Tradition In Cathedrals And Monasteries Where Monks Often Grew Medicinal Herbs And Flowers

38 37 The Renaissance Also Influenced Garden Design In Spain

39 38 Classical Statues Were Added To Gardens Along Topiary Hedges Which Were First Introduced By The Romans.

40 39 In The 16th Century Botanists Began To Collect Plants In The New World They Brought Many Species To Europe

41 40 Plants From The Americas And Africa Were Used Enthusiastically In Gardens Along With Plants From The Mediterranean Region

42 41 The Structure Of Gardens Is Often Defined By Walls Or By Clipped Hedges Planted In Geometric Patterns, Perhaps Inspired By Islamic Designs.

43 42 Privacy Is Achieved By Enclosures That Separate The Garden From The Outside World Or By Dividing The Space Into A Series Of Terraces Or Garden Rooms.

44 43 Shade Is An Essential Element Of Gardens In A Mediterranean Climate.

45 44 Vine-covered Arbors And Covered Terraces Provide Shade And Shelter.

46 45 The Changing Patterns Of Sun And Shade In Patios Offer Visual Interest, While The Coverings Themselves Offer Protection From Summer Heat And Provide Warmth In Winter.

47 46 A Spanish Garden Emphasizes The Integration Of House And Garden Where Outdoor Living Is As Natural As Living Indoors

48 47 Patios And Terraces Are Outdoor Rooms That Extend The Architecture And Materials From The Interior To The Exterior For A Harmonious Effect.

49 48 Cultivated Areas Are Clearly Defined And Often Limited By Paved Areas That Reduce The Space For Planting So Plants Must Be Selected With Care.

50 49 Paving Materials Include Local Stone, Pebbles Or Tiles And Bricks Arranged In Decorative Patterns

51 50 Foliage, Fruits, And Fragrant Ornamentals Are Combined For Practicality And Pleasure.

52 51 Low Maintenance Gardens Are Achieved By Using Native And Drought-tolerant Plants With Colorful Accents Planted In Containers And Flowering Vines Climbing Over Walls And Balconies.

53 52 A Shaded Place With A Water Feature In The Form Of A Pool, Fountain, Or Simple Basin Refreshes The Spirit In A Warm Climate

54 53 These Become A Cool Oasis A Garden Designed For Privacy And Socializing

55 54 Spanish Gardens Are Inspirational And Offer Endless Possibilities For Mediterranean Climates

56 55 A Stroll Through The Narrow Streets Of The Old City Affords Glimpses Of Charming Patios Through Ornamental Iron Gates.

57 56 A Well Or Water Basin Typically Supplies Water For The Household And Cools The Patio In Warm Weather.

58 57 Taste From Citrus, Grapes And Dates

59 58 Symmetrical Beauty From The Hardscapes And The Plants

60 59 Textures From Stones, Plants And Other Materials

61 The End See You after the Olympics 60

62 61 These Exquisite Patios And Palaces Were Designed For The Reign Of A Single Ruler, But Fortunately, They Were Preserved And Have Endured For Centuries As Examples Of Timeless Beauty

63 62 These Gardens And Palaces Are Integrated By Their Architecture, Decorative elements, And By Water Flowing Continuously From Interior Rooms Into Adjoining Courtyards And Terraces

64 63 The Alhambra Palace Is World Famous For The Delicate Carved Arches

65 64 The Same Moorish Influence That Culminated In The Alhambra Palace Also Developed A Distinct Garden Style

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