Objectives. Gross Anatomy: Muscles of the Arm and Leg MUSCLES OF UPPER ARM MUSCLES OF LOWER ARM
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1 Objectives Gross Anatomy: s of the Arm and Leg Chapter 6 1. Name and locate major muscles of the human body on a torso or diagram. 2. State the action of the major muscles of the human body 3. State the origin and insertion of the major muscles of the human body MUSCLES OF UPPER ARM Deltoid triangular; forms rounded part of shoulder; arm abduction Biceps brachii anterior upper arm; 2 heads on shoulder girdle; inserts into radial tuberosity; supinates & flexes arm Triceps brachii posterior upper arm; 3 heads on shoulder girdle& ; inserts into ulna; extension of arm MUSCLES OF LOWER ARM Flexor carpi radialis flexes wrist & abducts hand Flexor carpi ulnaris flexes wrist & adducts hand Flexor digitorum superficialis flexes wrist & fingers f. digitorum 1
2 Extensor carpi radialis extends wrist & abducts hand ; 2 longus & brevius Extensor digitorum - extends wrist & fingers Extensor carpi ulnaris extends & adducts wrist Brachioradialis flexes forearm e.c.radialis brevius e.c. radialis longus e.c. ulnaris s and s deltoid scapular spine and clavicle (deltiod tuberosity) biceps brachii scapula proximal radius brachioradialis e. digitorum triceps brachii shoulder girdle and proximal olecranon process of ulna s and s s and s flexor carpi radialis 2 nd and 3 rd metacarpals extensor carpi radialis base of 2 nd and 3 rd metacarpals flexor carpi ulnaris and posterior ulna carpals and 5 th metacarpal extensor digitorum distal phalanges of 2 nd to 5 th fingers flexor digitorum superficialis radius and ulna middle phalanges of 2 nd to 5 th fingers extensor carpi ulnaris, ulna 5 th meatcarpal 2
3 s and s MUSCLES OF THE UPPER LEG brachioradialis radius (styloid process) Gluteal Group Gluteus maximus largest; extends & rotates thigh laterally; sciatic nerve present Gluteus medius abducts & rotates thigh medially Gluteus minimus deep to medius; abducts & rotates thigh medially Iliopsoas Group fusion of 2 muscles psoas major & iliacus; runs from ilium to lesser trochanter; flexes hip; prevents falling backwards Adductor Group Adductor muscles compose medial thigh; adduct thigh (press together) A. longus A. magnus A. brevius Pectineus crosses under sartorius; adducts & rotates thigh laterally Gracilis innermost thigh muscle; flexes & adducts thigh 3
4 Quadriceps Group (extensors of the knee) Rectus femoris straight fibers; origin on iliac crest; flexes thigh & extends knee Vastus lateralis large lateral Vastus medialis large medial Vastus intermedialis large middle ; deep to rector femoris *Extend leg; origin on femur & join to patellar ligament Flexors of the Knee Hamstring Group Biceps Femoris flexes leg & extends thigh Semitendinosus 1/2 tendon ; flexes leg & extends thigh Semimembranosus 1/2 membrane ; flexes leg & extends thigh ALSO: Sartorius most superficial; runs diagonally across thigh; weak thigh flexor 4
5 1 & 2 - Long & Short heads of Bicep Femoris 3 semitendinosus 4 - semimembranosus s of the Lower Leg Gastrocnemius originates at base of femur (condyles) & inserts into calcaneous via Achilles tendon; plantar flexion Soleus deep &inferior to gastrocnemius; plantar flexion Tibialis Anterior superficial muscle of the anterior lower leg; inversion & dorsiflexion Peroneus muscles lateral lower leg; eversion & plantar flexion; 3 longus, brevius, tertius s and s gluteus maximus gluteus medius gluteus minimus iliac crest, sacrum coccyx anterior iliac crest/lateral surface lateral surface of ilium proximal femur (gluteal tuberosity) femur (greater trochanter) femur (greater trochanter) s and s s and s iliopsoas group adductor muscles ilium and T12- L5 vertebrae pubis femur proximal femur vastus group hamstring group femur ischial tuberosity tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament proximal tibia rectus femoris ilium tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament sartorius iliac spine tibia 5
6 s and s Drill & Practice Sites gastrocnemius soleus femur (condyles) fibula and tibia calcaneus via calcaneal tendon calcaneus via calcaneal tendon b_ehap_8/activities/index.html atomydrill/ neral/esp/default.htm chapter9/labeling_exercises.html# 6
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