AP CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS

Transcription

1 Instructor; Mary Hines Classroom/Office/Laboratory: Room E103 AP CHEMISTRY SYLLABUS Course Description/Course Structure This is a year-long course in two semesters (180 days) driven by inquiry-based instruction. The course is designed to be the equivalent of a college-level general chemistry class; it is meant to be inclusive of all learners who want to accept the academic challenges posed by this rigorous college-level course. This AP Chemistry course is structured in alignment with the AP College Board s Framework based upon: seven Curriculum Requirements, six Big Ideas that generate enduring understandings, and seven Science Practices. As a result of this structuring, Learning Objectives will be used to identify what students should know as well as what performance tasks student should be able to complete. Throughout this syllabus, several bracketed abbreviations are used: Curriculum Requirement(s) [CR]; Big Idea(s) [BI]; Science Practice(s) [SP]; and Learning Objective(s) [LO]. Curriculum Requirements CR1 CR2 CR3a CR3b CR3c CR3d CR3e CR3f CR4 CR5a CR5b Students and teachers use a recently published (within the last 10 years) college-level chemistry textbook. The course is structured around the enduring understandings within the big ideas as described in the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 1: Structure of Matter. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 2: Properties of matter characteristics, states, and forces of attraction. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 3: Chemical reactions. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 4: Rates of chemical reactions. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 5: Thermodynamics. meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 6: Equilibrium. The course provides students with the opportunity to connect their knowledge of chemistry and science to major societal or technological components (e.g., concerns, technological advances, innovations) to help them become scientifically literate citizens. Students are provided the opportunity to engage in investigative laboratory work integrated throughout the course for a minimum of 25 percent of instructional time. Students are provided the opportunity to engage in a minimum of 16 hands-on laboratory experiments integrated throughout the course while using basic laboratory equipment to support the learning objectives listed within the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework.

2 CR6 CR7 The laboratory investigations used throughout the course allow students to apply the seven science practices defined in the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework. At minimum, six of the required 16 labs are conducted in a guided-inquiry format. The course provides opportunities for students to develop, record, and maintain evidence of their verbal, written, and graphic communications skills through laboratory reports, summaries of literature or scientific investigations, and oral, written, and graphic presentations. STATEMENT OF THE SIX BIG IDEAS Big Idea 1 : The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter can be understood in terms of the arrangement of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in chemical reactions. Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and the arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or the transfer of electrons. Big Idea 4: Rates of chemical reactions are determined by details of the molecular collisions. Big Idea 5: The laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and predict the direction of changes in matter. Big Idea 6: Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These two processes are in dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external Perturbations. STATEMENT OF THE SEVEN SCIENCE PRACTICES Science Practice 1: The student can use representations and models to communicate scientific phenomena and solve scientific problems. Science Practice 2: The student can use mathematics appropriately. Science Practice 3: The student can engage in scientific questioning to extend thinking or to guide investigations within the context of the AP course. Science Practice 4: The student can plan and implement data collection strategies in relation to a particular scientific question. Science Practice 5: The student can perform data analysis and evaluation of evidence. Science Practice 6: The student can work with scientific explanations and theories. Science Practice 7: The student is able to connect and relate knowledge across various scales, concepts, and representations in and across domains. Textbooks and Lab Books [CR1] The required textbook that students will use is Chemistry The Central Science, 13 th Edition, by Brown, LeMay, Bursten, Murphy, Woodward, and Stoltzus [ISBN 10: }. Other Sources: The College Board. AP Chemistry Guided Inquiry Experiments: Applying Science Practices. 2013

3 Laboratory Experiments for AP Chemistry, 2 nd Edition, by Sally Ann vonderbrink Chemistry Principles in the Laboratory, 7 th Edition, by Slowinski, Wolsy, and Masterton Advanced Chemistry with Vernier, Jack Randall [ISBN ] Chemistry, 9 th Edition, by Zumdahl and Zumdahl [ISNB-13: ] Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, Shakhashiri, Bassam Required Student Materials: A scientific calculator that the student knows how to use; pencils/pens; writing paper; and a laboratory notebook that will be provided by the instructor. Instructor s Office Hours: Appointments with the instructor, outside of regular class time, may be arranged by the student. Assessments: Grading is based on homework assignments, quizzes, test, and laboratory investigations. Leaving the room during tests and/or quizzes is not permitted. LATE WORK WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED. Cheating will result in F grade for any work. Laboratory Work [CR7] Prior to being allowed to carry out laboratory investigations, each student must pass a lab safety test as mandated by our school district s policies. Over the course of this two-semester school year, students will engage in inquiry-based laboratory work that will occupy a minimum of 25% of instructional time (Additional laboratory time will sometimes be used during our school s Late Start B Mondays; this will give students a bonus of approximately 1 and half hours laboratory time on these days). During labs, students will work collaboratively in groups of four and/or independently depending upon the nature of the investigation. Students will collect, process, manipulate, and sometimes graph data from both qualitative and quantitative investigations. Guided-inquiry labs will require students to design, carry out, and analyze data for experimental purposes. For each lab, each student is required to report the purpose, procedure, all data, data analysis, error determinations, results, and conclusions (including any balanced chemical equations) in a laboratory notebook that is required and provided in this course. Chemical reference sources should be mentioned in students laboratory reports. After each lab, notebooks are submitted to the instructor for grading. Subsequent to each laboratory investigation, classroom discussion time will be used to have students orally display their opinions as to how a given laboratory assignment interfaces with the real-world. The laboratory investigations to be carried out in this course are listed below (not necessarily in chronological order); each is identified by title, big idea(s), science practice(s), and learning objective(s). The first six are guided-inquiry labs that are specifically mentioned and described in the College Board s AP Chemistry Lab Manual: 1. What is the Relationship Between the Concentration of a Solution and the Amount of Transmitted Light Through a Solution? [BI 1], [SP 4.2, 5.1], [LO 1.15, 1.16] 2. How Can Color Be Used to Determine the Mass Percent of Copper in Brass? [Bi 1], [SP 4.5, 2.1], [LO 1.16] 3. How Much Acid Is in Fruit Juice and Soft Drinks? [BI 1,2], [SP 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.4, 7.2], [LO 1.2, 2.2] 4. What Is the Rate Law of the Fading of Crystal Violet Using Beer s Law? [BI 4], [SP 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 3.23, 4.2, 5.1, 6.4], [LO 4.2]

4 5. The Hand Warmer Design Challenge: Where Does the Heat Come From? [BI 5], [SP 1.4, 2.2, 3.2, 7.2], [LO 3.11, 5.3, 5.5] 6. How Do the Structure and the Initial Concentration of an Acid and a Base Influence the ph of the Resultant Solution During a titration? [BI 6], [SP 3.3, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2], [LO 6.13] 7. Qualitative Analysis and Chemical Bonding [BI 2], [SP 1.4, 6.2, 6.4, 7.1], [LO 2.11, 2.13, 2.20, 2.22] 8. Gravimetric Analysis of a Metal Carbonate [BI 1], [SP 5.2,. 6.2, 7.2], [LO 1.18, 1.19, 6.17] 9. Determining the Formula of a Hydrate [BI2], [SP 1.1, 2.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1], [LO 3.5] 10. Activity of Metals [BI 2, 3], [SP 1.1, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1], [LO 1.18, 3.8] 11. Determining the Molar volume of a Gas [BI 2], [SP 1.3, 1.4, 6.4, 7.2], [LO 2.3, 2.4, 2.16, 2.29] 12. Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide [BI 3], [SP 2.1, 5.1, 5.2], [LO 1.20, 3.3, 3.9] 13. Separation of a Dye Mixture Using Chromatography [BI 1, 2], [SP 2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 7.2], [LO 2.5, 2.12, 3.4] 14. Molar Mass by Freezing Point Depression [Bi 2], [SP 1.1, 1.2, 6.2, 6.4], [LO 1.16, 2.8, 2.9] 15. Thermodynamics-Enthalpy of Reaction and Hess s Law [BI 3, 5], [SP 2.1, 2.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2], [LO 5.8] 16. Determination of Ka of Weak Acids [BI 1, 6], [SP 1.4, 2.2, 4.2, 6.1], [LO 1.20, 6.2, 6.14, 6.16] 17. Properties of a Buffer Solution [BI 6], [SP 4.2, 5.1, 6.4], [LO 6.18, 6.20] 18. Application of LeChatelier s Principle [BI 6], [SP 1.3, 2.2, 6.2, 6.5, 6.9, 7.2], [LO 6.9] 19. Synthesis, Isolation, and Purification of an Ester [BI 2], [SP 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1], [LO 1.15, 1.19, 3.3, 5.11] 20. How Is Soil Chemistry Affected by Mineral Composition and Weather Conditions? [CR4 ],[BI 1, 2], [SP 2.2, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1], [LO 1.15, 1.19, 2.10, 3.3, 3.9]

5 AP CHEMISTRY CHAPTER CONTENTS Units Contents of Chapters Big Idea(s) 1 Matter and Measurement; Atoms, Molecules and Ions; Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry; Reactions in Aqueous Solutions 2 Thermochemistry; Energy; The first Law of Thermodynamics; Enthalpies of Reaction; Hess s Law 3 Electronic Structure of Atoms; quantized energy and Photons; quantum Mechanics and Atomic Orbitals; electron configurations and the Periodic Table 1,2,3 4 Basic Concepts of Chemical bonding; Ionic bonding; 1,2,6 Covalent Bonding; Lewis Structures 5 Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories 1,2,6 6 Gases; Liquids and Intermolecular Forces; Properties of 2,5 Solutions; Saturated Solutions and Solubility 7 Chemical Kinetics; Reaction Rate; Factors that Affect Reaction Rates; Chemical Equilibria; Understanding and Working with Equilibrium Constants; LeChatelier s Principle 2,5,6 8 Acid-Base Equilibria; Acids and Bases; A Brief Review; Strong Acids and Bases; Weak Acids; Weak Bases 9 Chemical Thermodynamics; Spontaneous Processes; Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics; Gibbs Free energy 3,5 1,6 2,3,6 2,5,6 10 Electrochemistry; Oxidation-Reduction reactions; Cell 3,5,6 Potentials; The Nernst Equation 11 Nuclear Chemistry 1,4 12 Chemistry of the Environment 1,2,3,4,5,6 REVIEWING FOR THE AP CHEMISTRY EXAMINATION THE LAST TWO AND ONE HALF WEEKS OF APRIL WILL BE USED TO REVIEW FOR THE AP EXAMINATION TO BE GIVEN BY THE COLLEGE BOARD STARTING IN EARLY MAY.

6 AP CHEMISTRY WEB SITES 1. AP Central - Official College Board Site for Advanced Placement 2. Bozeman Science Videos 3. Web Assign Online Homework and Testing 4. Chem Team An Online Chemistry Tutorial (Free) TeamIndex.html 5. Tom Greenbowe Iowa State Univ. Chemistry Simulations (Free) 6. Chemmybear ManyChemistry Resources and Links (Free) http// 7. John Gelder-Oklahoma State Univ.-Chemistry Simulations (Free) 1.chem.okstate.edu/ccli/startup.html 8. AP Chem Solutions-Tutorials and Resources

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